Colorado Coalition Colorado Coalition for School IPM Newsletter · 2019. 11. 14. · “pest...

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Colorado Coalition for School IPM Newsletter | July 2018

Colorado Coalition

CCSIPM School District Spotlight: Mesa County School District

Inside this issue:• School District: Mesa County School District• Partner Spotlight: St. Vrain Valley School District• Pesticide & Pesticide Container Disposal• Featured Pests of the Month: Turfgrass Insects: Billbugs and White grubs• Current Pests

Colorado Coalition for School IPM NewsletterJuly 2018

Congratulations to the Mesa County Valley School District 51 and Central High School in Grand

Junction, CO

By Clyde Wilson, Assistant Regional School IPM Coordinator (SEE), U.S. EPA Region 8

In August of 2017, the Mesa County Valley School District 51 in Grand Junction, CO became the 17th Colorado School District to implement the EPA School Integrated Pest Management Program, a program that is designed to improve the environmental health of the district’s facilities by minimizing chemical exposures for students and staff, from the excessive use of pesticides in their facilities. The District is home to 22,084 students, according to the Colorado Department of Education 2017 – 2018 school year statistics, and is the 13th largest school district in Colorado.

The District’s Dedication to creating a safe and healthy learning environment where students can flourish and prepare to meet the challenges that lie ahead is being recognized. On May 17, 2018, The U.S. Department of Education announced that Central High School in Grand Junction, Colorado was among the 2018 U.S. Department of Education Green Ribbon Schools.

Central was selected for this honor based on its extensive sustainability and environmental protection efforts. Over the last decade, the school has decreased its energy usage by 39 percent, reduced its Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 42 percent, reduced water usage by 36 percent, and gets 58 percent of its electricity from roof-mounted solar panels. Below are just a few examples of environmentally friendly student, staff and administration partnerships that led to earning Green Ribbon status include:

• Science team students mentoring special education students about environmental impacts

• A two-month pilot program that saved $3,572 by not turning on a second air conditioning compressor

• Staff participation in monthly wellness challenges

• All students are required to take Environmental Science or AP Environmental Science

Across the country, 46 schools, six districts, and six postsecondary institutions are being honored for their innovative efforts to reduce environmental impact and utility costs, improve health and wellness, and ensure effective sustainability education.

Central High School was nominated for this national recognition by the Colorado Department of Education. Central is one of just two schools in Colorado to be recognized this year. Congratulations to the Administrative staff of the Mesa County Valley School District, and the Principal, Faculty and Students of Central High School.

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Colorado Coalition for School IPM Agency Partner Spotlight: St. Vrain Valley School District

Kids, Sports Fields, Pesticides and Dislodgables?

Kent Holle IPM/Pest Management Saint Vrain Valley Schools

I’m pretty sure that it is the same with you, but the months of summer break go fast. The “to-do” list is long and the kids are back in school before you know it. On that list is the turf care of the playgrounds and sports fields, especially with fall sports right around the corner. Since these are high-use and high-traffic areas most of the year, they are compacted and are very inviting to weed invasions, insects, and diseases. Very hot and dry summers do not help our cause.

I think we can all agree that herbicide, whether it be for selective (2,4-D, Dicamba, MCPP among others), or non-selective (glysophate), is by far the most widely used pesticide in any public entity, including municipalities and school districts. Then throw in an occasional insecticidal or fungicidal application which can rocket it into the top three. Yet with a few Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices, we can make the biggest impact on pesticide reduction.

We all know that the public, coaches, and athletes demand acres of pest-free turf, whether it be for recreation, sports, or just the aesthetic beauty. But yet, we as turf grass professionals have been plagued with the negative side effects of a total reliance on chemicals and synthetic fertilizers from the same groups.

So what happens to pesticides when they are applied to a turf area, especially a sports field?

Frederick High School (Frederick, CO) Varsity Baseball Field.

First, above the soil surface, sunlight may degrade the pesticides through a process called photo decomposition, or degradation. Pesticides may be transported by flowing water and run into our storm drainage, volatize and be lost to the atmosphere, be carried away by the wind (drift), or be carried away with grass clippings. Only some of it will be absorbed by the leaves and do its intended job.

Second, chemical reactions may occur in the soil particles and organic matter to decompose the pesticides. Chemical reactions may also leach and potentially contaminate ground water.

The importance of each of these processes is complicated and depends on the chemistry of the pesticide and its interaction with environmental conditions at or after application, including temperature, water content, and soil type.

But there is one major cause for concern that is often misunderstood: dislodgable residues (Getting pesticides on your shoes, clothes, or self). We do know that most pesticides will bind tightly to soil or organic matter. In a sport like golf, there is some risk of getting these dislodgables on shoes or equipment. This risk is somewhat low, but it happens. However, a lot more can dislodge from the treated surface in sports where there is considerable contact with the turf surface, such as in football or soccer. I have also seen this happen right after a pesticide application on a sports field, when an unscheduled science class comes out and gets down on the grass and takes pictures. Go figure.

In most states, you’re allowed back onto a treated area once the product dries. However, some current research in dislodgables on athletic turf indicates that the most significant risk of exposure occurs within seven days following application of a pesticide. This

Silver Creek (Longmont, CO) Soccer Fields.

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can vary depending on several factors, including product, weather, and irrigation schedules. Some products will even persist and present a potential hazard for a longer period of time. I have also seen reports which indicate 2,4-D can remain in carpet after being tracked in by shoes for up to a year.

In 2010, New York State enacted the Child Safe Playing Field Act, banning all applications of pesticides to playing fields. If an emergency situation arose, written permission from the school board was needed to apply that emergency pesticide. Field managers have to find an alternative way to deal with turf pests on these fields. I hope it doesn’t get that far where you are at.

What can we do? IPM wise? I like to set up where we are going first, then figure out how to get there. Our positions require balancing many goals at once, particularly:

• Create a healthy environment for our kids, staff, the public, and ourselves.

• Get long term control of our pests. A healthy vibrant turf is difficult at best for any pest to compete against.

• Perhaps reducing our liability, especially with pesticide-sensitive children and staff, but also from hazardous spills and damaging or killing neighboring plants (or animals, yikes).

• Reduce our long-term costs associated with turf grass and pest management.

• Create a positive public image.

In turf grass management, most organisms attain pest status only when their numbers become high enough to damage turf. It is important to remember that pests do exist in turf grass and the soil but may never attain “pest status.” In these cases no control is necessary. In order for any pest outbreak to occur, three conditions must be present:

1. A susceptible host.

2. Proper environment.

3. The pest.

Just as a triangle is composed of three corners or sides, a pest outbreak also is composed of these three elements. If any one element is missing, pest damage will not occur.

This is pretty good IPM information. If we eliminate just one of these, we control our pests.

The most common considered element to attack is the pest itself. Pesticides and biological controls are designed with the elimination of the pest in mind. Once applied, theoretically at least, they kill the pest. Think about this though: after the pest is gone, and the pesticide has decomposed, leached, or other fates mentioned earlier, conditions are very attractive for a reinvasion of this pest, especially if you also kill off a pest’s natural preadator(s).

Equally, if not more effective, are control efforts that change the environment such that the pest does not thrive, including proper mowing practices. This includes raising the mower in hotter weather, proper irrigation practices, and good fertilization programs. We are finding out more and more everyday about the role healthy soil can play in creating a healthy vibrant turf that will outcompete any weed and keep insects and fungal invasions at bay. It is a pretty amazing process that eliminates a lot of pesticide. If we change the environment, and keep it that way with good management, the pests will not come back. This is our long-term pest control.

So how can we get started?

• We can, in the case of sports fields, improve the susceptible host by over-seeding with newer varieties of turf grass that are more resistant to pests, be it insects or disease. We can also use more aggressive varieties that give them an added defense against weeds.

• One easy way of minimizing risk of exposure due to dislodging is to either abstain from or minimize pesticide use during the season of play, or to schedule application timing in an effort to maximize the amount of time that the pesticide has to be absorbed and metabolized by the soil or plant material, before the field is used again. ANY kind of reduction in pesticide use is IPM. Spot treating is a great way to reduce pesticide use by turning equipment on only when weeds are present, or insect damage appears.

• Keep records. They say even the dullest pencil has a better memory than the sharpest mind. I know that is true in my case. Knowing what to expect

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at certain times a year really helps in generating plans to control pests.

• Finally, really look at cultural practices. Aeration always helps compacted soils, get soil tests done, and take the guesswork out of IPM. Certainly consider looking into what you can do to bring soil health back into the picture.

Hopefully there are some ideas here that can reduce any amount, large or small, of pesticides on your turf. Every gallon of pesticide we save reduces a substantial amount that leaches, volatizes, runs off, or ends up in someone’s carpet for a year. Happy Turfing.

Featured Pest of the Month:Turfgrass Insects:

Billbugs and White grubs

Pesticide and PesticideContainer Disposal

Billbugs and white grubs are serious pests of turfgrass in parts of Colorado. Both groups of insects feed below ground and damage roots or the growing crown area of the plant. Infestations also may attract predators, such as skunks and raccoons that dig and damage lawns in search of the insects.

Billbugs

Billbugs are a type of weevil or “snout beetle.” Adult weevils can be seen crossing sidewalks and driveways during late summer or spring. In spring and summer, adults cause minor injuries to grasses as the females cut small holes in the stems of plants and insert their eggs.

The young billbug “grubs” are the primary damaging stage. Billbug grubs are legless, generally white or cream, with a brown head. They may reach 1/3 to 1/2 inch long when full-grown. Young grubs feed within the crown area of the plant and kill it. The stems of infested plants are easily detached at the soil surface. The ends appear sawed-off, often with a sawdust-like material present. Older billbug larvae feed in the lower crown and plant root zone. Small piles of light sawdust-like material are produced during feeding.

Billbug injury is most common on new lawns, particularly those established with sod. Within lawns, most damage occurs near evergreen shrubbery or other protective sites. Billbug injury appears as wilting and occasional death of grass, often in small scattered patches. Extensive areas of a lawn may be killed during severe infestations.

Figure 1: Denver billbug adult.

Figure 2: Bluebrass billbug adult.

Figure 3: Denver billbug larvae.

Information on Disposal of Unwanted Pesticides & Pesticide Containers

How do I get rid of unwanted pesticides?

Pesticide disposal is an important part of your responsibilities as a pesticide user. Unused, unwanted, or banned pesticides are dangerous to keep on your premises. The Colorado Department of Agriculture provides a Google Map to help you locate a site for the disposal of pesticides. The map contains contact information for each county. When contacting a county be sure to check residency requirements, as well as what types of pesticides are accepted. CDA’s Pesticide Disposal Map

For additional questions, contact Rob Wawrzynski by phone (303) 869-9042 or email

Pesticide Container Disposal

The Ag Container Recycling Council (ACRC) is a not-for-profit organization that works to facilitate the collection and recycling of one-way rigid HDPE plastic agricultural crop protection, specialty pest control, animal health, micronutrient/fertilizer, and/or adjuvant product containers. They will accept HDPE containers that are 55 gallons and smaller. They may also be able to accept shuttles, but contact the service provider for more information.

ACRC has some ‘How to’ videos that demonstrate the proper container rinsing procedures that can be viewed here.

To find the current contractor for Colorado, check the ACRC website: Where to Recycle

https://www.colorado.gov/agconservation/pesticide-waste-disposal

https://www.colorado.gov/agconservation/pesticide-waste-disposal

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.acrecycle.org/Where_and_How_to_Recycle/Container_Rinsing/Videos

http://www.acrecycle.org/Where_and_How_to_Recycle/Where

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Bluegrass Billbug

At least two species of billbugs may be found in Colorado lawns. The bluegrass billbug (Sphenophorous parvulus) overwinters as an adult in protected areas, such as under debris near building foundations or at the interface of turf and sidewalk. Eggs are produced and laid in late May, June and early July. Larvae develop over the course of several months. Peak larval injury occurs in late June and July. When full-grown, the larvae pupate a few inches deep in the soil. The adults emerge in two to three weeks, feed briefly and seek overwintering shelter. There is one generation per year.

Denver Billbug

The Denver billbug (Sphenophorous cicastriatus) is far more common throughout Colorado. The life cycle of this insect is more complicated than the bluegrass billbug. Some of the insects overwinter as adults, but most remain in the larval stage and feed throughout spring. Egg-laying occurs throughout most of the growing season, peaking in June and July.

Billbug Control

Different varieties of bluegrass exhibit a range in resistance to bluegrass billbug. The common varieties tend to be more resistant. Billbug resistance also occurs in many perennial ryegrass cultivars, particularly those that contain endophytic fungi.

Biological controls include predation by birds and hunting wasps, fungal diseases and parasites. Also, insect parasitic nematodes (Steinernema species, Heterorhabditis species) are effective against both larvae and adult stages and may be used as a biological control. See CSU Extension fact sheet 5.573, Insect Parasitic Nematodes. The nematodes are available from many mail order suppliers and several nurseries.

Controlling billbugs with insecticides is difficult when they are in the larval (grub) stage. Young larvae are protected within the plant. Older larvae occur in the root zone where insecticides fail to penetrate.

Best control for the bluegrass billbug occurs when sprays are applied in early May to kill adult insects prior to egg laying. Current information on the Denver billbug indicates that a slightly later timing, in early June, is more appropriate. Apply adult sprays so insecticide residues remain as long as possible on foliage and in the crown area of the plant. This may be achieved better with liquid sprays than with granular formulations. Insecticides recommended for billbug control are summarized in Table 1.

White Grubs

White grubs are the most damaging insects in Colorado lawns along the Western Slope, in the Arkansas Valley, and through much of the Eastern Plains. The larval or grub stage feeds on grass roots. Severe feeding injuries result in wilting and often death of infested areas. Because white grubs also are a favorite food of skunks and raccoons, damage by these mammals in search of food may exceed that caused by white grubs.

White grubs live in the soil, often in the top inch of the root zone during warm months. They generally are creamy white with three pairs of legs. They typically curve their bodies into a distinctive C-shape. Grubs of the larger Colorado species may reach 1 to 1 1/2 inches long.

Grubs move down deep in the soil and remain below the frost line during winter. Adult stages of white grubs are known as scarab beetles. May beetles, June beetles, chafers and dung beetles are other scarab species found in the state. Most scarab beetles in Colorado are beneficial and help recycle nutrients in organic matter, such as dung. A few species, however, are important turf pests.

Masked Chafers (Cyclocephala spp.)

These are white grubs that commonly damage turf in the Pueblo and Western Slope areas. Sometimes known as annual white grubs, masked chafers require only one year to complete their life cycle (Figure 4). Flights of egg-laying adult beetles occur in June and continue for about one and a half months.

Larvae feed on grass roots for several months. Peak injury occurs in late summer and early fall. They overwinter in the soil, below the frost line, and resume feeding in spring. Favorable growing

Figure 4: White grub larva.

Figure 5: Life cycle of an annual white grub (chafer).

http://extension.colostate.edu/topic-areas/insects/insect-parasitic-nematodes-5-573/

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conditions in spring usually allow grass to outgrow visible damage during that time. On drought-stressed turf, populations of nine or more grubs per square foot can produce visible injury. Higher grub populations can be tolerated on more vigorously growing turfgrass.

May and June beetles (Phyllophaga spp., Polyphylla spp.): These are the largest of the white grubs. Most

injury by these insects occurs along the Eastern Plains, particularly in the southeast area of the state.

Most May and June beetles have a three-year life cycle (Figure 5). Adult beetles emerge during May and June and lay eggs in the soil. Grubs

feed during the summer and move deep in the soil to overwinter. Grubs return to the root zone and feed throughout the following summer. May and June beetle grubs cause most injury during this second season of their life cycle. During spring and early summer of the next year, the grubs complete development, cease feeding, and turn into pupae and adults that remain inactive in the soil. Adult beetles emerge next season. Because of their large size, lawn injury by May or June beetle grubs can occur from populations of five or fewer grubs per square foot.

Japanese beetle

The Japanese beetle is a new arrival to Colorado and presently (2014) is only established in some limited sites in the Denver Metro area and in the West Slope town of Palisade. Unlike the white grub species present in the state, Japanese beetle is also important as a pest in the adult stage, which feeds on

leaves and flowers of rose, grape, beans, crabapple and many other common yard and garden plants. Japanese beetles are distinctive insects with bright, metallic coloration and their identification is discussed in CSU Extension fact sheet 5.601, Japanese Beetle. Traps attractive to adult Japanese beetles are available from many garden catalogs and are widely used in the eastern US, where this insect is a serious pest. Although these traps are quite effective for capturing adults, they have been shown not to be effective for control of this insect and are only recommended for monitoring its presence.

Japanese beetles begin to lay eggs in late May with peak egg production by the end of July. Larvae are managed in a manner similar to other white grubs, with insecticides best applied in early summer, coincident with the period when eggs have begun to hatch. The eggs and young larvae are very susceptible to drying and will survive poorly if soil is dry during this critical time in their development.

Problems can result from a rarely seen small species of white grub, the black turfgrass ataenius (Ataenius spretulus). Damage by this species is confined to annual bluegrass, which is a common weed grass in lawns. Large infestations, of several dozen grubs per square foot, may be needed to cause visible injury. The small, black adult beetles are often seen flying at dusk during midspring and again in early summer.

White Grub Control

The most important means of limiting grub injury is to grow a vigorous lawn. Healthy, well-watered lawns can tolerate grub feeding more easily than weakly growing lawns.

Several insecticides are registered for use against white grubs (Table 1). White grubs, however, are among the most difficult soil insect pests to control. Large grubs are highly resistant to insecticides. More importantly, because grubs feed in the soil, it is

Figure 6: Masked chafer adults.

Figure 7: Life cycle of May/June beetle white grubs.

Figure 8: Black turfgrass ataenium larvae.

Figure 9: Black turfgrass ataenius larvae.

Figure 10: Black turfgrass ataenium larvae.

http://extension.colostate.edu/topic-areas/insects/japanese-beetle-5-601/

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difficult to get adequate amounts of insecticide into the root zone. Under typical conditions, control is often less than 75 percent. Even this amount of control requires a couple of weeks to become evident.

Thatch depth is important to insecticide performance for white grub control. To a varying degree, white grub insecticides bind to the organic matter in thatch. This prevents them from moving into the root zone to control white grubs. A thick layer of thatch (greater than 3/4 to 1 inch) will block all insecticides from penetrating in sufficient amounts to the critical root zone. Treatments combined with soil aeration should increase the effectiveness.

Proper watering can improve performance of certain insecticides. For example, post-treatment irrigations are recommended for imidacloprid (Merit) to reduce

the amount of insecticide that remains on leaf tissues. However, excessive watering does not improve the movement of insecticide into the root zone and can decrease the effectiveness of insecticides for soil insect control. Furthermore, excess watering increases potential problems with pesticide and fertilizer runoff.

The form of the insecticide has little effect in white grub control. Granular and liquid sprays often perform equally well.

Optimal control is achieved when a high percentage of young white grubs are present in the upper soil layer (Table 2). This typically occurs in midsummer (around August 1) for the masked chafers. Slightly earlier application is more appropriate for controlling young May/June beetle grubs. Treatments made

Table 1: Characteristics of insecticides used for control of billbugs and white grubs in lawns.Common name Trade names* CommentsChalofenozide MACH-2, Hi-Yield Kill-

A-GrubA growth regulator insecticide that is effective against younger stages of grubs and billbugs. Has some activity against webworms and cutworms. Fairly fast acting (days, weeks) and moderately persistent (weeks).

imidacloprid Merit, Advanced Garden Season Long, Grub Control, Scott’s GrubEx, etc.

A neonicotinoid insecticide with long persistence (weeks-months) that consistently has provided good-excellent control of white grubs. Somewhat slow activity (a couple weeks) and should be applied to younger stages.

clothianidin Arena A neonicotinoid marketed in 2007. Has long persistence (weeks-months) that consistently has provided good-excellent control of white grubs. Also has some activity against webworms and cutworms.

chlorantraniliprole Acelepryn An insecticide in the new class of anthranilic diamides. Has shown excellent activity against white grubs, billbugs and caterpillars in turfgrass (webworms, cutworms). Low toxicity to non-target species allows classification as a Reduced Risk Pesticide.

Heterorhabditis spp. nematodes

HeteroMask, Grub-Away, BioStrike Hb,GrubStake Hb, Grub Stake Hi, others

A genus of insect parasitic nematodes that can directly penetrate through the insect body wall and is the only genus of nematodes that is effective against white grubs. Larvae are usually killed within one week of application.

Steinernema carpocapsae nematodes

Many suppliers, trade names

The most widely available species of insect parasitic nematode. It can provide good control of billbug larvae. It cannot control white grubs.

trichlorfon Dylox, Proxol, Bayer Advance 24 Hour Grub Killer Plus Granules

An organophosphate insecticide that is highly water soluble. The most fast acting of the white grub insecticides. Persistence is very short and it degrades extremely rapidly in high pH soil.

*Products are sold under a variety of trade names. Use all pesticides in accordance with directions on the package label.

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against older grubs often result in poor control. Black turfgrass ataenius is best managed by applications that control adults, made during periods when large numbers of the beetles are observed at dusk.

Use of insect parasitic nematodes can be a very effective biological control for white grubs. (See CSU Extension fact sheet 5.573, Insect Parasitic Nematodes.) However, only nematodes in the genus Heterorhabditis are effective for control of white grubs. Steinernema spp. are not effective. These biological controls are available from various mail order suppliers.

Table 2: Optimal timing of insecticide applications for control of billbugs and white grubs.Pest species Target stage Approximate time of occurrenceDenver billbug Adults June-AugustBluegrass billbug Adults May-JuneAnnual white grubs Young larvae Late July-AugustMay-June beetles Larvae near surface July-August

Lawn Recovery: If lawn areas are damaged by white grubs or billbugs, give extra attention to the grass to help it grow back. Provide additional water to help the plants tolerate root loss and apply fertilizers (not high nitrogen) to promote root regrowth. Adjust mower heights to 2 1/2 to 3 inches to encourage root growth. After grubs move into the soil in fall, bluegrass often will repair much of the earlier damage. The most important means to limit white grub injury is to grow a healthy lawn.

*W.S. Cranshaw, Colorado State University Extension entomologist and professor, bioagricultural sciences and pest management; and R. Zimmerman, former research associate, Rogers Mesa Experiment Station, Hotchkiss. 9/98. Revised 7/14.



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Current Pests: What Are You Seeing?

Statewide

Arapahoe, Douglas, & Elbert Counties

• Japanese beetle: Peak period of adult activity

• Codling moth: Second, and most damaging generation begins to lay eggs. Monitor flights with pheromone traps.

• Elm leaf beetle: Second generation egg laying and hatch often occurs in late July.

• Sawflies: Neodiprion autumnalis may cause damage peak in midsummer in ponderosa pine forests.

• Cooley spruce gall: Abandoned galls become dry and very conspicuous.

• Pearslug: Larvae damage plum, cotoneaster.

• Elm aphids: Stages on leaves excrete large amounts of honeydew.

• “Tomato” hornworms: Peak damage by larvae occurs over the next month.

• Potato/tomato psyllid: Symptoms may begin to appear on potatoes and tomatoes.

• Grasshoppers: Damage accelerates over the next month.

• Mexican bean beetle: Larvae begin to damage beans.

• European paper wasp: Colonies start to increase greatly in size and foraging adults are commonly seen.

• Spottedwing drosophila: Adult activity increasing and ripening berries at higher risk.

Denver Metro Area

• Codling moth: Second generation continues to lay eggs. Monitor flights with pheromone traps.





• Japanese beetle: Adult feeding continues but declines. Eggs hatch and larvae begin to feed on turfgrass

• “Tomato” hornworms: Peak damage by larvae occurs over the next month.



• Spottedwing drosophila:Adult numbers increase and put ripening berry crops at risk.

Eastern Plains Counties




• Fall webworm: Tents grow large and begin to become conspicuous.

• White grubs: Peak period of egg laying activity by the “annual white grubs” (chafers).

• Ants: Swarming of winged reproductive forms may occur on warm days following rainfall.

• Tomato hornworms: Peak damage by larvae occurs over the next month.

• Hummingbird moths: Adults of the whitelined sphinx moth may be seen visiting flowers



• Squash bugs: Injury to hard/winter squash increases.

El Paso & Teller Counties


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• Sawflies: Neodiprion autumnalis may cause damage peak in midsummer.

• Cooley spruce gall:Abandoned galls become dry and very conspicuous.





• Grasshoppers: Damage accelerates over the next month.


High Country Areas




• Pearslug:Larvae damage plum, cotoneaster.

• Mountain pine beetle: Typical peak period of new “hits” from invading adults

• Flea beetles: Second generation adults emerge and feed


Northern Front Range





• White grubs: Injury by larvae of May/June beetles often begins to be observed (eastern areas of region)

• Ants: Emergence of winged forms of pavement ants is common a few days after rainfall events




Pueblo & Fremont Counties



• Cooley spruce gall:Abandoned galls become dry and very conspicuous.


• Walnut husk fly/Apple maggot: Peak period of adult flight and egg laying.

• Dog day cicadas: Nymphs emerge from soil and molt to adult stage.



• Tomato hornworms:Peak damage by larvae occurs over the next month.

• Potato/tomato psyllid:Symptoms may begin to appear on potatoes and tomatoes.


• Squash bugs: Injury to hard/winter squash increases.

Southwestern Counties



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Editors: Clyde Wilson, U.S. EPA Region 8; Assefa Gebre-Amlak, CSU Extension; Frank Peairs, CSU Extension; Thia Walker, CEPEP.

Design & layout: Kierra Jewell

“Pest of the month” photo(s): Whitney Cranshaw, CSU Professor & Extension Specialist

Want to subscribe or unsubscribe? Go to: https://lists.colostate.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/ccsipm_l

Remember, the CCSIPM listerv is a forum for you to post a message to the entire group! Simply write a message to [email protected]!

Did we miss something? See an error? Please contact Assefa Gebre-Amlak at: [email protected] (970) 491-2666

Credits



• Flea beetles: Second generation adults emerge and feed.



• Western cherry fruit fly: Adults continue to lay eggs in sweet cherry fruit.

Tri-River Counties



• Cooley spruce gall: Abandoned galls become dry and very conspicu-ous.



• Walnut husk fly/Apple maggot: Peak period of adult flight and egg lay-ing.

• European paper wasp: Activity of wasps becomes much more notice-able as colonies increase. Damage to ripe fruit may begin and will continue for next month.



• ‘Tomato’ hornworms:Peak damage by larvae occurs over the next month.

• Squash bugs: Injury accelerates.

• Grape leafhoppers/Zic-zac leafhoppers: Damage accelerates on grape and Virginia creeper.

• Tobacco (geranium) budworm : Egg laying of the typically occurs at this time. larvae may be evident.

Source: http://bspm.agsci.colostate.edu/outreach-button/insect-information/ (Yard/Garden Insect Calendars)

https://lists.colostate.edu/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/ccsipm_l

mailto: [email protected]

Colorado Coalition Colorado Coalition for School IPM Newsletter · 2019. 11. 14. · “pest...

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