CHAPTER 20 Colonial Encounters 1750–1914 Copyright © 2009 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Robert W. Strayer.
Colonial Period, 1620-1750
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Transcript of Colonial Period, 1620-1750
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Colonial Period, 1620-
1750
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Focus Questions
• How did religion affect the literature of the Colonial Period?
• What aspects of Puritanism are visible in contemporary society?
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Calvinism: The Legacy of John Calvin
(1509-1564)
Calvin…•was a French theologian, pastor, & social reformer
•is considered the founder of the Puritan ethic
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vg2O0hZ5ChA
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Why leave England?
•To purify or separate from the ‘corrupt’ Church of England•To seek religious freedom
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Pilgrims in Holland
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Arrival• The 1st colony was Roanoke, NC in 1585 – became known as the lost colony. White returns in 1590 – “Croatoan” is marked on a tree.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-pFaJnvtOWU
• The 2nd colony was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. • The Pilgrims, founders of Plymouth, Massachusetts, arrived in 1620.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PoXHXbgRJvc&list=UUBoEhBRE9fnWKU4M1CBV1EQ&index=13&feature=plcp
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Jamestown, Jamestown, Virginia 1607Virginia 1607
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpA5O46Ioyk&feature=relmfu
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Toon Time
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The Colonies
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qiMCXWMvRJc&feature=related
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Puritan Beliefs Total Depravity
Unconditional Election
Limited Atonement
Irresistible Grace
Perseverance of the "saints"
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Total Depravitydepravity – moral corruption or
degradation
•Through Adam and Eve’s fall, every person is born sinful.
•This is closely linked to original sin.
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Unconditional Election
•God saves those he wishes. Only a few are selected for salvation and not based on their own merit.
• This is the concept of predestination.
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Limited Atonement
• Jesus died for the chosen only, not for everyone.
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Irresistible Grace
grace – the saving & transfiguring power of God
•God’s grace is freely given; it cannot be earned or denied.
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Perseverance of the “Saints”
• Those elected by God have full power to interpret the will of God & to live uprightly.• If anyone rejects grace after feeling
its power in his life, he will be going against the will of God – something impossible in Puritanism.
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Summary
Thus, if one is born a slave to sin and spiritually dead--is TOTALLY DEPRAVED or spiritually unable--then salvation must ULTIMATELY be a free or UNCONDITIONAL gift, in no way finally dependent or contingent on one's actions--back to the "U" or UNCONDITIONAL ELECTION.
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Puritan Beliefs Strong work ethicStrong work ethic
Hard day’s work brought joy to a man’s Hard day’s work brought joy to a man’s heartheart
Bible shunned laziness: “if anyone Bible shunned laziness: “if anyone does not want to work, let him not eat.”does not want to work, let him not eat.”
Gambling, dancing, etc. not condonedGambling, dancing, etc. not condoned—works that lead to sin—works that lead to sin
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Daily Life
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The Puritans…• believed that God was working in
their daily lives. • would “search” their daily lives in
order to find any symbols from God.• were educated and taught their
followers to be rational thinkers.• believed in effective business
practices.• feared that humanistic learning
would draw people away from the church.
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Puritans in action…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Buri1SXh1eU
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Funny Page
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Puritan Writers
• Wanted to transform a mysterious God – mysterious because he is separate from the world
• Wanted to make Him more relevant to the universe
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William Bradford
• In 1620 William Bradford came with a group of individuals from Europe and formed Plymouth Plantation.
• In the fall of that year there were 101 men, women, and children present. By the spring of 1621 there
were only 50 survivors.
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Colonial (Puritan) Literature
Types:• Journals• Histories• Sermons• Poetry
Style:• plain• Religious• Purpose-driven• Some used metaphorical
language
Themes:• Idealism – both religious & political• Practicality• Sin• Isolation• Salvation
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Focus Your Reading…
• How did religion affect the literature of the Colonial Period?
• What aspects of Puritanism are visible in contemporary society?