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Final Agreement 24.11.2016 1 FINAL AGREEMENT TO END THE ARMED CONFLICT AND BUILD A STABLE AND LASTING PEACE PREAMBLE Recalling that the Havana dialogues between delegates from the National Government, led by President Juan Manuel Santos, and delegates from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (FARC-EP), based on their mutual decision to bring the national armed conflict to an end, came about as the result of the exploratory meeting that took place in the capital of the Republic of Cuba between 23 February and 26 August 2012; Considering that said exploratory dialogues resulted in a General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace, signed on 26 August 2012 before national witnesses and before delegates from the Republic of Cuba and from the Kingdom of Norway, who also served as witnesses, and, since then, have accompanied the process as guarantor countries; Emphasising the fact that the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and the Republic of Chile have been ready at all times to perform their proper duties as observer countries; Recalling that in fulfilment of the agenda approved in the aforesaid Agreement, the Negotiation Table was established on 18 October 2012 in the city of Oslo, capital of the Kingdom of Norway, and activities have continued in the Cuban capital without interruption up to the act of signing the new Final Agreement; Considering that, as a consequence of what was stated on 24 August of this year, the parties signed a Final Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace; that the people were consulted on the said agreement by means of a plebiscite accepted by the parties at the relevant time, on a date established for that purpose (2 October) and, by means of a ruling handed down by the Constitutional Court, which informed the country of the terms and conditions of the chosen path; Recognising that in the ballot boxes NO prevailed over YES, although that does not mean a rejection of the right to peace or of fundamental rights; Emphasising that the ruling itself of the Constitutional Court referred to above set out guidelines to be followed in the event that NO was the majority response in the plebiscite; the said ruling by the Court indicates that the President of the Republic retains the power to maintain public order "even by negotiating with illegal armed groups in order to achieve other peace agreements"; Asserting the decision of the parties to continue with the search for peace by first listening to those who expressed their reservations on the contents of the Final Agreement first signed, with
Transcript of Colombia Final Agreement Peace Accord -...
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FINALAGREEMENTTOENDTHEARMEDCONFLICTANDBUILDASTABLEANDLASTINGPEACE
PREAMBLE
RecallingthattheHavanadialoguesbetweendelegatesfromtheNationalGovernment,ledby
President Juan Manuel Santos, and delegates from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of
Colombia–People’sArmy(FARC-EP),basedontheirmutualdecisiontobringthenationalarmed
conflicttoanend,cameaboutastheresultoftheexploratorymeetingthattookplaceinthe
capitaloftheRepublicofCubabetween23Februaryand26August2012;
ConsideringthatsaidexploratorydialoguesresultedinaGeneralAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeace,signedon26August2012beforenationalwitnessesandbeforedelegates fromtheRepublicofCubaand fromtheKingdomofNorway,whoalso
servedaswitnesses,and,sincethen,haveaccompaniedtheprocessasguarantorcountries;
EmphasisingthefactthattheBolivarianRepublicofVenezuelaandtheRepublicofChilehavebeenreadyatalltimestoperformtheirproperdutiesasobservercountries;
RecallingthatinfulfilmentoftheagendaapprovedintheaforesaidAgreement,theNegotiation
Tablewasestablishedon18October2012inthecityofOslo,capitaloftheKingdomofNorway,
andactivitieshavecontinuedintheCubancapitalwithoutinterruptionuptotheactofsigning
thenewFinalAgreement;Considering that,asaconsequenceofwhatwasstatedon24Augustof thisyear, thepartiessignedaFinalAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeace;thatthe peoplewere consulted on the said agreement bymeans of a plebiscite accepted by the
partiesattherelevanttime,onadateestablishedforthatpurpose(2October)and,bymeansof
arulinghandeddownbytheConstitutionalCourt,whichinformedthecountryofthetermsand
conditionsofthechosenpath;
Recognising that in the ballot boxes NO prevailed over YES, although that does notmean a
rejectionoftherighttopeaceoroffundamentalrights;
EmphasisingthattherulingitselfoftheConstitutionalCourtreferredtoabovesetoutguidelinestobefollowedintheeventthatNOwasthemajorityresponseintheplebiscite;thesaidruling
bytheCourtindicatesthatthePresidentoftheRepublicretainsthepowertomaintainpublic
order "even by negotiating with illegal armed groups in order to achieve other peace
agreements";
AssertingthedecisionofthepartiestocontinuewiththesearchforpeacebyfirstlisteningtothosewhoexpressedtheirreservationsonthecontentsoftheFinalAgreementfirstsigned,with
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adesiretoreachanewagreementwithagreaterconsensus;thatwhatwastherebyachieved
wasanenrichmentandamendmentofthepreviousAgreement,takingintoaccountthespecific
concerns,proposals,clarifications,anddefinitionsputforwardbyawiderangeofsocialgroups
andorganisations,sectorsofopinionandpoliticalmovementsandparties;that,aftercarefully
examining with an open mind all the matters put forward by the interested parties for
considerationbythenegotiatingparties,alargenumberofsubstantialchangesandamendments
were made to the old texts, converting the previous Peace Agreement into a new FinalAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeace;
EmphasisingthatthenewFinalAgreementsignedonsaiddateisthefreemanifestationofthe
wishesoftheColombiangovernmentandoftheFARC-EP,afterhavingrespondedtoanumber
ofinitiativesbysectorsofthepeopleofColombia,actingingoodfaithandwiththefullintention
offulfillingtheagreement;
Bearing in mind that Article 22 of the Political Constitution of the Republic of Colombia
establishespeaceasarightandasamandatoryduty;thatArticle95statesthattheexercisingof
the rights and freedoms enshrined in the Constitution implies responsibilities,which include
strivingtowardstheachievementandmaintenanceofpeace;
Emphasisingthatpeacehascometobeuniversallydescribedasasuperiorhumanrightandasa
prerequisite for the exercising of all other rights and duties incumbent upon individuals and
citizens;
BearinginmindthefactthatthenewFinalAgreementencompasseseachandeveryoneofthe
accords reached in developing the Agenda of the General Agreement signed in Havana in
August 2012; and that in order to achieve that, theparties, always and at every stage, have
upheld the spirit and scope of the rules of the National Constitution, the principles of
international law, international human rights law, international humanitarian law (its
conventionsandprotocols),thestipulationsoftheRomeStatute(internationalcriminallaw),the
decisions of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights concerning conflicts and conflict
termination, and other resolutions of universally recognised jurisdictions and authoritative
pronouncementsrelatingtothesubjectmattersagreedupon;
EmphasisingthattherightsanddutiesenshrinedintheCharterareinterpretedinaccordancewithinternationaltreatiesonhumanrightsratifiedbyColombiaandtheirenjoymentorexercise
maynotbesubjecttoanylimitation;
RecallingthatArticle94statesthat“thedeclarationoftherightsandguaranteesenshrinedinthe Constitution and in current international conventions must not be understood as the
negationofothersthat,intrinsictothehumanindividual,arenotexpresslymentionedtherein”;
Considering that the sum of the accords of which the new Final Agreement is composed,
contributestothefulfilmentoffundamentalrights,suchaspolitical,social,economicandcultural
rights;therightsofthevictimsofconflicttotruth,justiceandreparations,therightsofboys,girls
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andadolescents, the right to freedomof faithand its freeexercise; the fundamental rightof
individualand/orcollectivelegalcertaintyandphysicalsafety;andthefundamentalrightofeach
individualandofsocietytonon-recurrenceofthetragedyoftheinternalarmedconflictthatthis
Agreementproposestofinallyend;
EmphasisingthatthenewFinalAgreementplacesspecialemphasisonthefundamentalrightsof
women, of vulnerable social groups such as indigenous peoples, girls, boys and adolescents,
communities of African descent and other ethnically differentiated groups; the fundamental
rightsofthesmall-scalefarmers,bothmaleandfemale,andtheessentialrightsofpersonswith
disabilitiesandofthosedisplacedbytheconflict;andthefundamentalrightsoftheelderlyand
oftheLGBTIcommunity;
Emphasisingthat,furthertowhatisunderlinedabove,thestate,pursuanttoArticle13ofthePoliticalConstitutionofColombia,mustguaranteethevariousaspectsoftherighttoequality
and non-discrimination, which must tend towards bringing about conditions that allow the
effectiveprotectionofpersonswhoareclearlyinapositionofweaknessandthepunishmentof
abusescommittedagainstthem;
Emphasising that Colombia has signed International treaties and declarations that enshrine
equality, non-discrimination against persons and tolerance as universal conduct, not only as
principles,butasvaluesthatmustbeappliedanddefendedasaprerequisiteforbringingabout
peaceandeconomicandsocialprogressforallpeoples,andemphasisingthattoleranceconsists
of"harmonyindifference";
Noticing that, in the opinion of theNational Government, the transformations thatmust be
achievedwhen implementing thisAgreementmustplayapart in reversing theeffectsof the
conflictandinchangingtheconditionsthathaveledtothepersistenceofviolenceacrossthe
country;and,intheopinionoftheFARC-EP,suchtransformationsmustcontributetoresolving
the historical causes of the conflict, such as the unresolved issue of land ownership and, in
particular, the concentration thereof, the exclusion of the rural population, and the
underdevelopmentofruralcommunities,whichespeciallyaffectswomen,girlsandboys.
Appreciating and extolling the fact that the central pillar of peace is the promotion of the
presenceandtheeffectiveoperationofthestatethroughoutthecountry,especiallythroughout
themanyregionsthataretodayafflictedbyneglect,bythelackofaneffectivecivilserviceand
by the effects of the internal armed conflict itself; that it is an essential goal of national
reconciliation to construct anew territorial-basedwelfare anddevelopmentparadigm to the
benefitofbroadsectorsofthepopulationthathavehithertobeenthevictimsofexclusionand
despair;
Acknowledgingtherightofsocietytocomprehensivehumansecurity,withtheparticipationof
thecivilauthorities;
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Extolling and enshrining the justice that is to come inasmuch as it acknowledges essential
fundamentalrightsfornewandfuturegenerations,suchastherighttoprotectedland,theright
totheconservationofthehumanspecies,therighttobeawareofone’soriginsandidentity,the
righttoknowthetruthwithregardtoeventsoccurringbeforeone’sbirth,therighttoexemption
fromliabilityforactscommittedbyearliergenerations,therighttothepreservationoffreedom
of choice,andother rights,notwithstanding the rightsofvictimsofanyageorgeneration to
truth,justiceandreparations;
Havingregardtothefact thatthenewvisionofaColombiaatpeaceenablesustoachievea
sustainable society that is united indiversity and that is basednotonlyon consideration for
humanrightsbutonmutualtolerance,protectionoftheenvironment,respectfornatureandits
renewableandnon-renewableresourcesandbiodiversity;RecallingthatonJune23thisyear,thedelegationsfromtheNationalGovernmentandfromthe
FARC-EPsigned,intheCubancapital,theagreementsontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefire
andCessationofHostilitiesandLayingdownofArmsandSecurityGuarantees,inthepresence
ofthePresidentoftheCouncilsofStateandMinistersoftheRepublicofCuba,theSecretary-
General of the United Nations, the President of the United Nations General Assembly, the
President of the UN Security Council, Norway’s Foreign Minister, the heads of state of the
observercountries,headsofgovernmentofcountries intheregion,theUnitedStatesSpecial
EnvoyandtheEuropeanUnionSpecialRepresentative;thatsuchcessationofhostilitieshasbeen
repeatedfromthedateoftheplebisciteoflast2October;
Acceptingthatcustomaryinternationallegalstandardswillcontinuetogovernissuesrelatingto
fundamentalrightsnotmentionedinthenewFinalAgreement,includingtheimperativewhereby
“in those cases not provided for by current law, the individual will be safeguarded by
humanitarianprinciplesandthedemandsofthepublicconscience”;
AdmittingthatthenewFinalAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeacemustbeendorsedinaccordancewithItem6oftheAgendaintheGeneralAgreement;that
such endorsement takes place by means of systems for participation by citizens such as a
plebiscite,legislativeinitiatives,consultation,openlocalgovernmentcouncilsandothers,orby
public corporations elected by suffrage, whose members are responsible for exercising
representationwithamandatesuchastheCongressoftheRepublic,departmentalassemblies
andmunicipalcouncils;thatsuchendorsementisdecidedbythepartiesandmusttakeplaceas
indicatedintherelevantrulesorjudgments;
Acknowledgingalltheforegoingand,inparticular,thenon-delegatableconstitutionalmandate
thatstatesthatthePresidentoftheRepublic,asheadofstate,headofgovernmentandsupreme
administrativeauthority,isresponsibleforagreeinguponandendorsingpeaceaccords;
We, the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of
Colombia-People’sArmy,haveagreedasfollows:
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TosignthisFinalAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeace,with
thesubstantialamendmentsthatmakeitanewAgreement,theimplementationofwhichwill
putadefinitiveendtoanarmedconflictthathaslastedoverfiftyyears,andwhichisrecordedin
writingbelow.
ThisFinalAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeaceissignedby
theNationalGovernment and theRevolutionaryArmed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army
(FARC-EP) as a Special Agreement pursuant to Article 3, common to the 1949 Geneva
Conventions,asperitsinternationalstanding.
TheNationalGovernmentand theRevolutionaryArmedForcesofColombia–People’sArmy
(FARC-EP)herebysignsevenoriginals,includingtheannexesthereto,oneforeachoftheparties,
oneforeachoftheguarantorcountriesandoneforeachoftheobservercountries.Theseventh
originalcopywillbedeposited, immediatelyaftersignature,withtheSwissFederalCouncil in
Bern, or with such body as might replace it at a future date as repository of the Geneva
Conventions.
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INTRODUCTION
Afteraconflictlastingmorethanhalfacentury,we,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP,
haveagreedtoputadefinitiveendtotheinternalarmedconflict.
Theconclusionofhostilitieswillfirstandforemostrepresenttheendoftheenormoussuffering
thattheconflicthascaused.MillionsofColombians,menandwomenalike,havebeenvictimsof
forceddisplacement, thedeadnumber in their hundredsof thousands, tensof thousandsof
peopleofallkindshavedisappeared,andvastnumbersofcommunitieshavebeenaffectedin
onewayoranotherthroughoutthelengthandbreadthofthecountry,includingwomen,boys,
girls and adolescents, rural communities, indigenous peoples, the Afro-Colombian, black,
palenquero,raizalandRomacommunities,politicalparties,socialandtrade-unionmovements,
andeconomicassociations,interalia.TheremustbenomorevictimsinColombia.
Secondly,theendoftheconflictwillheraldanewChapterinournation’shistory.Itwillbean
opportunitytoinitiateaphaseoftransitionthatwillcontributetogreaterterritorialintegration,
greatersocialinclusion–especiallyofthosewhohaveexistedonthefringesofdevelopmentand
havesufferedfromtheconflict–andtostrengtheningourdemocracy,bringingittoallcorners
ofthecountryandensuringthatsocialconflictscanberesolvedthroughinstitutionalchannels,
withfullguaranteesforthosetakingpartinpolitics.
Wemustbuildastableandlong-lastingpeace,withtheinvolvementofallColombiancitizens.
Withthisasourobjective–puttinganend,onceandforall,tothehistoricalcyclesofviolence
andlayingthebasesforpeace–weherebyapprovetheitemscontainedintheAgendaofthe
GeneralAgreementofAugust2012,expoundedoninthisAgreement.
TheAgreementiscomposedofaseriesofaccordsthatnonethelessconstituteanindissoluble
wholeagreement,inthattheyaresuffusedbyaconsistentrights-basedapproachwherebythe
measures agreed here can contribute to the realisation of the constitutional rights of all
Colombians. The Final Agreement recognises, without any discrimination whatsoever, the
primacyoftheinalienablerightsofthepersonasabasisforcoexistenceinthepublicandprivate
spheres,andthefamilyasthefundamentalnucleusofsocietyandtherightsofitsmembers.The
implementation of the Agreement must be governed by recognition of the equality and
protectionofthepluralismofColombiansociety,withoutanydiscrimination.Theconditionsin
order for equality to be real and effective will be guaranteed in its implementation and
affirmative measures will be adopted in favour of groups that are discriminated against or
marginalised, taking a territorial-based, equity-based and gender-based approach into
consideration.
Theterritorial-basedapproachoftheAgreementrequiresrecognitionandconsiderationofthe
economic,culturalandsocialneeds,characteristicsandpeculiaritiesofColombia’sterritoriesand
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communities,therebyguaranteeingsocio-environmentalsustainability;furthermore,itinvolves
implementingthevariousmeasurescomprehensivelyandinacoordinatedway,withtheactive
participation of all citizens. All of Colombia’s regions and territories will contribute to the
implementationoftheAgreement,withtheparticipationofterritorial-basedauthoritiesandthe
varioussectorsofsociety.
CitizeninvolvementisthebasisofalloftheaccordsconstitutingtheFinalAgreement:ingeneral,
participationbysociety in thepeacebuildingprocessand, inparticular, its involvement in the
planning,executionandmonitoringofterritorial-basedplansandprogrammes–whichisalsoa
guaranteeoftransparency.
Additionally, the participation of and dialogue between the various sectors of society will
contribute to building a climate of trust and promoting a culture of tolerance, respect and
peacefulcoexistenceingeneral,whichisanobjectiveofalltheaccords.Decadesofconflicthave
ledtodeepmistrustwithinsociety,especiallyintheterritoriesmostaffectedbytheconflict.To
breakdownthesebarriers,weneedtoopenupspacesforthebroadestcitizeninvolvementand
spacestopromotetheacknowledgementofvictims,theacknowledgementandestablishment
of accountability and, in general, the acknowledgementby society as awholeof all thathas
happenedandoftheneedtogreetthisopportunityforpeacewithopenarms.
Onthebasisoftheaforesaid,withaviewtofurtherconsolidationofthefoundationsthatwill
underpinpeaceandnational reconciliation, theColombiangovernmentandtheFARC-EPwill,
oncetheprocessofpublicendorsementiscarriedout,conveneameetingofallparties,political
and socialmovements, and all thedriving forces of the countrywith the aimof reaching an
overarching NATIONAL POLITICAL AGREEMENT designed to set out the institutional
modifications and reforms that are needed to meet the challenges required by the peace,
therebyimplementinganewframeworkforpoliticalandsocialcoexistence.
*
TheFinalAgreementcontainsthefollowingitems,withtheircorrespondingaccords,thataimto
contributetothechangesrequiredtolaythefoundationsforastableandlong-lastingpeace.
Chapter1containstheagreementon“ComprehensiveRuralReform”(ReformaRuralIntegral)that will foment structural change in the countryside, closing up the differential that exists
betweenruralandurbanareasandcreatingconditionsofwell-beingandqualityoflifeforthe
ruralpopulation.The“ComprehensiveRuralReform”(CRR)mustincorporateallofthecountry’s
regions,contributetotheeradicationofpoverty,promoteequalityandensurefullenjoymentof
therightsofcitizenship.
Chapter2containstheagreementon“PoliticalParticipation:Ademocraticopportunitytobuild
peace”(Participaciónpolítica:Aperturademocráticaparaconstruirlapaz).Peacebuildingand-consolidation,withinthecontextoftheendoftheconflict,requiretheextensionofdemocracy
toincorporatenewforcesonthepoliticalscene,therebyenrichingdebateanddeliberationon
themajor issues facing the nation and thus consolidating pluralism and, concomitantly, the
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representationof society’s diverse visions and interests,withdue guaranteeswherepolitical
inclusionandparticipationareconcerned.
In particular, implementation of the Final Agreement will contribute to a wider and deeper
conceptofdemocracyinasmuchasitwillinvolvethelaying-downofarmsandtheoutlawingof
violence as ameans of political action for each and every Colombian citizen,with a view to
achieving the transition to a political climate where democracy takes precedence, with
comprehensiveguaranteesforthosetakingpartinpolitics,andthusnewspacesforparticipation.
Chapter3containsthe“AgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationof
HostilitiesandLayingdownofArms”(CesealFuegoydeHostilidadesBilateralyDefinitivoylaDejacióndelasArmas),theobjectiveofwhichisthedefinitiveconclusionofoffensiveactionsbetween theColombian StateArmedForces (which includeboth theMilitary Forces and the
NationalPolice)andtheFARC-EPand,ingeneral,anendtohostilitiesandanyactiongoverned
bytherulesoftheCeasefire,includingthoseaffectingcivilians,therebycreatingtheconditions
allowing for the implementation of the Final Agreement and the laying down of arms to
commence, and preparing the institutional framework and the country as a whole for the
reincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivilianlife.
Chapter3alsocontainstheagreementon“ReincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivilianlife–in
economic,socialandpoliticalmatters–inaccordancewiththeirinterests”(ReincorporacióndelasFARC-EPalavidacivil–enloeconómico,losocialylopolítico-deacuerdoconsusintereses)agreement. Laying the bases for building a stable and long-lasting peace requires effective
reincorporation of the FARC-EP into the social, economic and political life of the country.
ReincorporationconstitutesratificationoftheFARC-EPundertakingtoputanendtotheChapter
ofinternalconflict,tobecomeavalidplayerwithinthedemocraticsystemandtomakearesolute
contributiontoconsolidatingpeacefulcoexistence,guaranteesofnon-recurrenceoftheconflict
and the dismantling of the conditions that have facilitated the persistence of violence in
Colombia.
Chapter3also includes theagreementon“Securityguaranteesandthe fightagainstcriminal
organisationsresponsibleforhomicidesandmassacresorwhoattackhumanrightsadvocates,
socialmovementsorpoliticalmovements,includingthecriminalorganisationsthathavebeen
labelledassuccessorsofparamilitarismandtheirsupportnetworks,andfortheprosecutionof
criminalconductthatthreatenstheimplementationoftheagreementsandtheconstructionof
peace”.Tocomplywiththisaim,theagreementincludesmeasuressuchastheNationalPolitical
Pact;theNationalCommissiononSecurityGuarantees;theSpecialInvestigationUnit;theElite
CorpsoftheNationalPolice;theComprehensiveSecuritySystemfortheExerciseofPolitics;the
ComprehensiveSecurityandProtectionProgrammeforCommunitiesandOrganisationsacross
theCountry’sTerritories;andMeasuresforthePreventionofandFightagainstCorruption.
Chapter 4 contains the agreement on the “Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem” (Solución alProblemadelasDrogasIlícitas).Peacebuildingrequiresadefinitivesolutiontotheillicitdrugsproblem,whichincludescropsmadeforillicituseandtheproductionandsaleofillicitdrugs.To
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that end, anewapproach is promoted to address thephenomenonof theuseof drugs, the
problemofcropsmadeforillicituseandorganisedcrimeassociatedwithdrugtrafficking,ina
distinctanddifferentiatedmanner,ensuringageneralhumanrightsandpublichealth,equity-
basedandgender-basedapproach.
Chapter5containsthe“Victims”(Víctimas)agreement.Sincethe2012ExploratoryMeeting,we
haveagreedthatvictimcompensationshouldbeatthecoreofanyagreement.Theagreement
creates the “Comprehensive System for Truth, Justice, Reparations and Non-Recurrence”
(SistemaIntegraldeVerdad,Justicia,ReparaciónyNoRepetición),whichshallcontributetothefightagainstimpunity,usingacombinationofjudicialmechanismsthatallowfortheinvestigation
andsanctioningofseriousviolationsofhumanrightsandseriousinfringementsofinternational
humanitariamlaw,withsupplementaryextra-judicialmechanismsaimedatclarifyingthetruth
ofwhathappened,searchingforlovedoneswhohavedisappearedandprovidingreparationsfor
theharmandinjurycausedtoindividuals,groupsandentireterritories.
The Comprehensive System is composed of: the Truth, Coexistence and Non-Recurrence
Commission;theSpecialUnitfortheSearchforPersonsdeemedasMissinginthecontextofand
duetothearmedconflict;theSpecialJurisdictionforPeace;Comprehensivereparationmeasures
forpeacebuildingpurposes;andGuaranteesofNon-Recurrence.
Chapter 6 contains the agreement on “Implementation and verificationmechanisms”,which
createsa“CommissionforMonitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementationoftheFinal
Agreement”,composedofrepresentativesfromtheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP,with
theaim, interalia,ofmonitoringthecomponentsoftheAgreementandverifyingcompliance
therewith, and at the same time serving as a forum for the resolution of disputes and the
promotionandmonitoringoftheimplementationoflaws.
Furthermore,anaccompanimentmechanismiscreatedsuchthattheinternationalcommunity
canindifferentwayshelptoguaranteetheimplementationoftheFinalAgreement.Inthearea
ofverification,amodelisbeingimplementedthathasaninternationalcomponentcomprising
thosecountriesthatthroughouttheprocesshaveactedasguarantorsandobservers,plustwo
internationalspokespersons.ThetechnicalaspectsarebeingsupportedbytheProjectoftheKroc
InstituteforInternationalPeaceStudiesattheUniversityofNotreDameintheUnitedStates.
*
We, the delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP, reiterate our profound
gratitude to all victims, social andhuman rights organisations, communities, including ethnic
groups, women’s organisations, the small-scale farmers, young people, academia,
businesspeople,churchesandfaithcommunities,and,ingeneral,allthecitizenswhoplayedan
activepartandwho, through theirproposals, contributed to theFinalAgreement.With their
participationwewilltogetherbuildastableandlong-lastingpeace.
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ThedelegatesofthegovernmentoftheRepublicofColombia(theNationalGovernment)and
theRevolutionaryArmedForcesofColombia(FARC-EP)statethefollowingwithregardsto:
1. TowardsaNewColombianCountryside:ComprehensiveRuralReform
Whereas:
Within the context of this Agreement to End the Armed Conflict, the Comprehensive Rural
Reform (Reforma Rural Integral), hereinafter referred to as CRR, lays the foundation for thestructural transformation of the countryside, creates conditions for well-being of the rural
population–menandwomen–therebycontributingtothebuildingofastableandlong-lasting
peace.
IntheopinionoftheGovernment,thistransformationmusthelptoreversetheeffectsofthe
conflict and to change the conditions that have facilitated the persistence of violence in
Colombia’sterritories.IntheopinionoftheFARC-EP,thistransformationmusthelptoresolve
the historical causes of the conflict, such as the unresolved issue of land ownership and, in
particular, the concentration thereof, the exclusion of the rural population and the
underdevelopmentofruralcommunities,thatespeciallyaffectswomen,girlsandboys.
TheCRRviewsColombia’sruralareasasasocio-historicsettingofsocialandculturaldiversityin
whichcommunities–menandwomen–playamajorroleindefiningtheimprovementsoftheir
livingconditionsandindefiningthedevelopmentofthecountryaspartofavisionofurban/rural
integration.
Comprehensiveruraldevelopmentisadecisivefactorindrivingforwardregionalintegrationand
equitablesocialandeconomicdevelopmentofthecountry.TheCRRmustsuccessfullyachieve
anin-depthtransformationoftheruralsituationinColombia:greaterinclusionataregionallevel,
eradicationofpoverty,greaterequalityandguaranteedfullenjoymentofcitizens’rightsand,as
aresult,guaranteednon-recurrenceoftheconflictanderadicationofviolence.
Agenuine structural transformationof thecountryside requires theadoptionofmeasures to
promoteappropriateuseofthelandinaccordancewithitssuitablepurposesandtostimulate
thetitling,restitutionandequitabledistributionthereof,byguaranteeingprogressiveaccessto
ruralpropertytothosewholiveinthecountryside,and,inparticular,toruralwomen1andtothe
most vulnerable communities, and by legalising and democratising property and promoting
broaderownershipofland,sothatitfulfilsitssocialfunction.
1PursuanttoLaw731of2002onRegulationsforpromotingruralwomen,aruralwomanisanywomanwho,
withoutdistinctionofanykindandirrespectiveofwhereshemightlive,isinvolvedinaproductiveactivitydirectly
relatingtothecountryside,evenwheresaidactivityisnotrecognisedbythestate’sinformationandmeasurement
systems,orisnotremunerated.Thisdefinitionincludesallwomenfromrural,indigenousandAfrocommunities
whoarewithoutlandorhaveinsufficientland.
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Thisstructuraltransformationalsorequiresthepromotionofequalitybetweenmenandwomen
throughtheadoptionofspecificmeasurestoguaranteethatmenandwomenareinvolvedin
andbenefitfromimplementationofthisAgreementonanequalbasis.
Althoughtheaforesaidaccesstolandisaprerequisitefortransformationofthecountryside,on
itsownitisinsufficient;nationalplansfinancedandpromotedbythestatemustbesetupwith
aviewtoachievingthecomprehensiveruraldevelopmentthatwillprovidepublicservicesand
goods,suchasforeducation,health,recreation, infrastructure,technicalassistance,foodand
nutrition, inter alia, which promote well-being and a dignified way of life for the rural
population–girls,boys,menandwomen.
Broadly,theCRRacknowledgesthefundamentalroleoftherural,family-runandcommunity-
based economies in the development of the countryside, the eradication of hunger, the
generationof employment and income, decent and formalised jobs, foodproduction and, in
general,inthedevelopmentofthenation,allinconjunctionwithandcomplementarytoother
formsofagrarianproduction.TheCRRrecognisestheproductiveandreproductiveroleofwomen
andthustheirfundamentalcontributiontoruraldevelopmentandtheruraleconomy,anditwill
makeeveryendeavourontheirbehalfandonthatofthemostvulnerableinsocietytoguarantee
conditionsofwell-beinganddignityandtoconsolidateorganisationalandproductionmethods.
In the area of food and nutrition, the CRR aims to ensure that the entire rural and urban
populationinColombiahassufficientaccesstoandavailabilityofthefoodstuffstheyneedfor
propernutrition, intermsofopportunity,quantity,qualityandprice,especially inthecaseof
boysandgirls,pregnantorbreast-feedingwomen,andtheelderly,prioritisingtheproductionof
foodandthegenerationofincome.
Theeffectiveness,transparencyandproperdevelopmentoftheCRRarelargelydependenton
the promotion of broad participation on the part of communities through the generation of
participatoryanddemocraticinstitutionalforumswheresaidcommunitieshavethecapacityfor
change and to affect the planning, implementation andmonitoring of the various plans and
programmes agreed upon. Participation is also a guarantee of the greater inclusion of rural
communities –women andmen – in the political, economic, social and cultural life of their
regionsandthusofthenation.
Men and women in the small-scale farmer, indigenous, black, Afro-descendent, raizal andpalenquero communities, and other ethnic communities across Colombia’s territories are
contributingtothestructuraltransformationofthecountrysideandinparticulartotheclosing
oftheagriculturalfrontier,infavourofasustainablesocio-environmentalplanning.Tothatend,
it is necessary to recognise and to support the Peasant Enterprise Zones (Zonas de ReservaCampesina)andcooperativegroupswithinsociety.
TheCRRappliesuniversally,anditsimplementationprioritisestheterritoriesmostaffectedby
the conflict, poverty andneglect, throughDevelopmentProgrammeswitha Territorial-Based
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Focus,suchasreconciliationinstrumentsinwhichallinvolvedworktowardsthesupremegoalof
peace,asarightandamandatoryduty.
TheplansandprogrammesagreedaspartoftheCRRaretohaveaterritorial-based,ethnic-based
and gender-based perspective that will require the recognition and consideration of the
economic,culturalandsocialneeds,characteristicsandpeculiaritiesofColombia’sterritories,of
womenthroughouttheirlife-cycle,ofruralcommunitiesandgroupsinvulnerablecircumstances
andguaranteeingsocio-environmentalsustainability.
Comprehensive rural developmentwillmove forwardwithin the contextof globalisationand
insertionpolicies thereinon thepartof thestate,demandingparticularattention tonational
agricultural production and especially rural, family-run and community-based systems of
production.
Principles
The following principleswill be taken into accountwhen implementing thatwhich has been
agreedundertheheading“TowardaNewColombianCountryside:ComprehensiveRuleReform”:
• Structural transformation: that is to say, the transformation of the rural reality, through
fairness,equalityanddemocracy.
• Comprehensivedevelopmentofruralareas:thedevelopmentofruralareasdependsona
proper balance between the various existing forms of production – family farming, agro-
industry,tourism,agricultureonacommercialscale-;oncompetitivenessandtheneedto
promoteandencourage investment in ruralareaswithentrepreneurialvisionand for the
productive purposes as a condition for their development; and on promotion and
encouragementonanequalbasisof linksbetweensmall-scaleruralproductionandother
productionmodels,whichcouldbeverticalorhorizontalandonadifferentscale.Inanycase,
therural, family-runandcommunity-basedeconomywillbepromotedandprotectedand
measureswillbeadoptedtodevelopandstrengthenit.
• Equalityandagender-basedapproach:acknowledgementofwomenasindependentcitizens
with rights, who, irrespective of their marital status, or relationship to their family or
community,haveaccess,onanequalfootingtomen,toownershipoflandandproduction
projects,fundingoptions,infrastructure,technicalservicesandtraining,interalia;attentionis tobegiven to the social and institutional conditions thathavepreventedwomen from
gainingaccesstotheassetsofproductionandtopublicandsocialbenefits.Suchrecognition
requires the adoption of specific measures in terms of planning, implementation and
monitoringof theplansandprogrammescovered in thisagreementso that thesecanbe
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implementedwhilsttakingaccountofthespecificneedsanddistinctconditionsofwomen,
inaccordancewiththeirlifecycle,painfulexperiencesandneeds.
• Well-beingandqualityoflife:theultimateobjectiveistheeradicationofpovertyandthe
totalrealisationoftheneedsofcitizensinruralareas,suchthatintheshortestpossibletime,
thesmall-scalefarmersandcommunities,includingthoseofAfricandescentandindigenous
peoples,canfullyexercisetheirrightsandtherecanbeaconvergencebetweenthequality
of urban life and the quality of rural life, whilst at the same time complying with the
territorial-basedapproach,thegender-basedapproachandhavingregardtotheethnicand
culturaldiversityofcommunities.
• Prioritisation: the comprehensive agrarian development policy is universal and its
implementationprioritisesthemostdeprivedandvulnerablepopulationsandterritories,and
thecommunitiesmostaffectedbypoverty,neglectandtheconflict;itfocusesonsmalland
medium-sizedproducers,menandwomenalike.Therightsofthevictimsoftheconflict,of
boysandgirls,womenandtheelderly,deservespecialattention.
• Acomprehensiveapproach:thisguaranteesproductivitythroughprogrammesforeffective
accesstoland,togetherwithinnovation,scienceandtechnology,technicalassistance,credit,
irrigationandmarketing,andothermeansofproductionthataddvalue.Itisalsoaguarantee
that therewill be opportunities for a better quality of life deriving from access to public
services,suchasforhealth,housing,education,infrastructureandconnectivity,andensures
thattheentirepopulationhasaccesstohealthy,adequateandsustainablenutrition.
• Reinstatement:thereinstatementoftherightsofvictimsofdisplacementanddispossession,
andthereversaloftheeffectsoftheconflictandneglectoncommunitiesandterritories.
• Land titling: that is to say, combating unlawful possession and ownership of land and
guaranteeingtherightsofmenandwomenwhoarethelegitimateholdersandowners,so
that violence is never again used as a means of solving land-related disputes. Nothing
establishedintheAgreementaffectstheconstitutionalrighttoprivateproperty.
• The right to nutrition: the comprehensive agrarian development policy must focus on
progressivelyguaranteeingthatallpersonshaveaccesstohealthyandadequatenutrition
andthatfoodstuffsareproducedsustainably.
• Participation:theplanning, implementationandmonitoringofplansandprogrammeswill
moveforwardwiththeactiveparticipationofcommunities–menandwomen–andthisis
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furthermoreaguaranteeoftransparencytogetherwithaccountability,citizenoversightand
specialsupervisiononthepartofcompetentbodies.
• Benefit, impactandmeasurement: takingprioritisation intoaccount, theCRRmustbeof
benefitandhaveapositiveimpactonthegreatestnumberofcitizens,bothmaleandfemale,
to the greatest extent and in the shortest timepossible, and theeffects thereofoneach
projectandregionbeingmeasured.
• Sustainabledevelopment:thatistosay,developmentthatisenvironmentallyandsocially
sustainable, requiringprotectionandpromotionofaccesstowater,aspartofanordered
conceptofterritory.
• Statepresence:inordertobuildastableandlong-lastingpeace,thepresenceofthestatein
ruralareaswillbebroadandeffective,andwillbereflectedinthedemocraticfulfilmentof
allcitizens’rights,menandwomenalike.
• Democratisationofappropriateuseofandaccesstoland:mechanismsandguaranteesthat
willenablethegreatestpossiblenumberofmenandwomenlivinginthecountryside,and
whohavenolandorinsufficientland,togainaccesstoit,andthatencourageappropriate
useofthelandinaccordancewiththecriteriaofenvironmentalsustainability,landsuitability,
territorialplanningandcommunityparticipation.Withthisinmindandinaccordancewith
theagreementcontained insection1.1.1.LandFund for theCRR (3millionhectares)and
section1.1.5.Large-ScaleRuralPropertyTitling(7millionhectares),thenext12yearswillsee
anextensionundertheComprehensiveRuralReformto10millionhectares.Inanycase,the
goaloflandtitlingwillbeachievedwithinthenext10yearsandthelandtitlingwithinthe
DPTFswithinthenext7years.
1.1.AccessandUse.Non-productiveland.Landtitling.Agriculturalfrontierandprotectionof
reserveareas.
1.1.1. ComprehensiveRuralReformLandFund
Witha view toachieving thedemocratisationof access to land, to thebenefit of small-scale
farmercommunitiesandespeciallyruralwomenwithoutlandorwithinsufficientlandandthe
rural communities most affected by poverty, neglect and the conflict, regularising property
ownershiprightsandasaresultreversingconcentrationandpromotingfairdistributionofland,
theNationalGovernmentistocreateaLandFundforthefreedistributionofland.TheLandFund
(Fondo de Tierras), which will be permanent in nature, will have 3 million hectares of land
availableduringitsfirst12yearsofexistence,andthatlandwillcomefromthefollowingsources:
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• Land arising from the legal cessation of ownership in favour of the Nation: the National
Governmentwillspeedupthenecessaryreformsformakingthelegalownershipcessation
procedure more flexible with a view to reversing the unlawful concentration of land
ownership.
• LandrecoveredinfavouroftheNation:thatistosay,unoccupiedpublicland(baldíos)undulyappropriatedoroccupied,recoveredbymeansofagrarianprocesses,notwithstandingthe
factthatmembersofthesmall-scalefarmercommunitiescanbebeneficiariesofthe land
titlingprogramme.(Thissourcemustbeconsolidatedthroughthecreationandupdatingofa
cadastre,tobepromotedwithinthecontextofthisAgreement).
• Landarisingfromtheupdating,delimitationandstrengtheningoftheForestReserveAreas
(ReservaForestal), forbeneficiariesof theLandFund: theappropriationof landusingthismechanism will be conditional upon the drawing up, with participation from the
communities,ofplanstoguaranteesocialandenvironmentalsustainability.
• Unexploited land: land recovered through the application of the current administrative
ownershipcessationprocedure,duetofailuretofulfilthesocialandecologicalfunctionsof
theproperty.
• Land acquired or expropriated for reasons of social interest or public utility, acquired to
promoteaccesstoruralproperty,withthecorrespondingcompensationbeinggiven.
• Donatedland:theNationalGovernmentwillpromotethenecessarymeasurestofacilitate
proceduresfordonatinglandtotheLandFund,withinthecontextofendingtheconflictand
peacebuilding.
Theproceduresofadministrativeexpropriationforreasonsofsocial interestandpublicutility
and the administrative ownership cessation due to non-exploitation (extinguishment of
ownershipofuncultivatedland)willapplyinaccordancewiththeConstitutionandpursuantto
thecriteriasetoutinlawscurrentlyinforce.
1.1.2. Other mechanisms for promoting access to land: supplementary to the aforesaid
mechanisms,theNationalGovernmentundertakesthefollowing:
• Comprehensive purchase subsidy: the National Government will grant a comprehensive
subsidyforthepurchaseoflandbybeneficiaries(see1.1.3.)inpriorityareas,asanalternative
toolwhichwill contribute to solving one-off problemsof access, andwill include specific
measurestofacilitatetheaccessofwomentothesubsidy.
• Specialpurchasecredit:theNationalGovernmentwillarrangefortheopeningofanewlong-
term,subsidised,specialcreditlineforthepurchaseoflandbythebeneficiarypopulation,
withspecialmeasuresforruralwomen(see1.1.3.).
• Without prejudice to the provisions contained in section 1.1.1 of the Land Fund, the
Governmentwill pass a law topromoteother formsof access to state lands such as the
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allocationofrightsofuse,inparticularforsmallandmedium-sizedproducersasindividuals
orascooperativesandassociations.
1.1.3. Beneficiarypersons:thebeneficiariesoftheplanoflanddistribution,thecomprehensive
subsidy and the special credit, will be male and female farm workers without land or with
insufficient land, with priority being given to the victimised rural population, including
associationsofvictims,ruralwomen,femaleheadsofhouseholdsanddisplacedpersons.Further
beneficiariesmayincludeassociationsofmaleandfemaleagriculturalworkerswithoutlandor
with insufficient land and also people and communities taking part in settlement and re-
settlementprogrammes,with theaim, interalia, of protecting theenvironment, substituting
cropsusedforillicitpurposesandstrengtheningfoodproduction.
Thosebenefittingfromthelanddistributionplanandthecomprehensivesubsidywillbeselectedbythe
competentadministrativeauthority,withtheparticipationoflocalcommunities–menandwomen–in
ordertoguaranteetransparencyandefficiency,throughaprocedureexpresslydefinedbythelaw,which
includesobjectiverequirementsandcriteriaandthatobservestheprioritisationreferredtoabove.The
governmentandcommunitiesalikewillmakeeveryendeavourtopreventlandspeculationwithinthe
contextoftheseprogrammes.
Thecompetentadministrativeauthoritywilldrawupasingleregisterofpotentialbeneficiaries
ofthefreeallocationplanandthecomprehensivesubsidywhichwillbeusedasabasisforthe
implementationoftheseschemes.
1.1.4. Comprehensiveaccess:when implementingtheprinciplesofwell-beingandqualityof
life,holisticapproachandaccesstoland,theNationalGovernmentwillmakeavailabletomen
and women benefitting from the Land Fund, support programmes in the areas of housing,
technical assistance, training, land improvement and soil recovery where necessary, rural
productiveprojects,marketingandaccesstothemeansofproductionthataddvalue,interalia,and will scale up the provision of public goods and services within the context of the
Development Programmes with a Territorial-Based Focus (Planes de Desarrollo con EnfoqueTerritorial–PDET,hereinafterreferredtoasDPTFs).
Inadditiontothemeasuresmentionedinthispointandthosementionedin1.1.1.withregard
toaccesstoland,theNationalGovernmentwillsetinmotion,withinthecontextofthestimuli
for agricultural production detailed in point 1.1.3., measures to support income generation,
eradicationofpovertyandthepromotionofcooperativesandsolidarityassociationsinthecase
ofsmall-scalefarmersoccupyinglandclassifiedasasmallholdingormicrosmallholding.
1.1.5. Large-scaletitlingofsmallandmedium-sizedruralproperty:withaviewto legalising
and protecting rights pertaining to small andmedium-sized rural properties, in otherwords,
guaranteeingtherightsofpeoplewhoarethelegitimateownersandholdersoftheland,sothat
violenceisneveragainusedasamethodofresolvinglanddisputesandasasafeguardagainst
dispossession of any type, the National Government will progressively title, subject to
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constitutional and legal provisions, all properties occupiedor heldby the rural population in
Colombia.TheNationalGovernmentwill thusproceedtotitle7millionhectaresofsmalland
medium-sizedruralproperties,givingprioritytoareassuchasthosecoveredbytheDevelopment
ProgrammeswithaTerritorial-basedFocus,PeasantEnterpriseZones,andotherstobedefined
bytheGovernment.Inimplementingthisproposal,theGovernmentwill:
• Draw up a large-scale titling plan and promote the relevant regulatory and operational
reforms,guaranteeingparticipationbycommunitiesandtheirorganisations.Theplanmust
include specific measures for overcoming the obstacles facing rural women when titling
property.
• Guarantee that therewill be no charge for the titling of small rural properties, providing
assistance both in the processes of allocating public land and regularising land titles of
existingruralproperty.
• Withinthecontextoftherurallandlegalsystembeingsetup,theGovernmentwillprovidea
flexible,rapidresourceforprotectingpropertyrights.
• Where the titled property is smaller than a Family-runAgriculturalUnit (UnidadAgrícolaFamiliar,UAF)(FAU)2,theregisteredsmallpropertyownermayalsobenefitfromtheLand
Fundaccessplanandalternativemechanisms,suchaspurchasecreditsandsubsidieswitha
viewtohelpingtocurbtheproliferationofunproductivesmallholdings.
Thetransitiontoasocietythathasclearrulesforreachingagreementsandaccessingownership
of land requiresproperdefinitionandprotectionof rightsofownership.Whereasatpresent
varioussituationsexist thataffect legalcertaintyoftenureorownershipof land inColombia,
thereisaneedtofindasolutionthatconformstotheactualsituationinthecountry,without
prejudicetoestablishedprovisionsrelatingtoaccesstoland.TheGovernmentwillformagroup
ofthreeexpertsonthesubjectofaccessto landtoputforward,withinatermnotexceeding
threemonths,recommendationsforpolicyreformsandpublicpolicythatallow,withinalimited
periodandwheneverpossible:
• Therightsofpropertyowners,occupantsandholdersingoodfaithtoberegulated,provided
thatthereisnodispossessionorbadfaith
• Thesocialandecologicalfunctionofownershiptobeguaranteed
• Accessbyworkerswithoutlandorwithinsufficientlandtobefacilitated
• Promotionofproductiveuseoftheland
Theproposalsforregulatoryamendmentstolandlegislationandpublicpolicymustbediscussed
withthesectorsinvolvedinordertoseekthebroadestpossibleconsensuspriortodiscussionin
theCongressoftheRepublic.
2FamilyAgriculturalUnit(FAU)isunderstoodtohavethemeaningprovidedinArticle38ofLaw160of1994.
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1.1.6. Inalienableandnon-seizableland:withaviewtoguaranteeingthewell-beingandquality
of life of beneficiaries and avoiding the concentration of land distributed by means of free
allocation or comprehensive purchase subsidy or registered vacant land, such land will be
inalienable and non-seizable for a period of 7 years. The distributed land, and land that is
acquiredbymeansofthecomprehensivepurchasesubsidy,thathavereceivedcomprehensive
supportbutyet,withinthisperiod,ceasetobeworkeduponbythebeneficiaries(exceptincases
offorcemajeureorfortuitouscircumstance)orareusedunlawfully,willpasstotheLandFund.
Thesocialfunctionofruralpropertyand,inparticular,familyfarmingmethods,willbepromoted
andprotectedatalltimes.
1.1.7. Land restitution: theNationalGovernmentand theFARC-EPbothwish to reverse the
effects of the conflict, to achieve restitution for the victims of dispossession and forced
displacementandtherestorationoflandrightstocommunities,andwillpromotethevoluntary
returnofdisplacedmenandwomen.Tothatend,themeasuresagreedinChapter5“Victims”
willbeimplemented.
1.1.8. Certainmechanismstoresolveconflictsconcerningpossessionanduseoflandandthe
strengtheningoffoodproduction:withaviewtocontributingtolandtenureregularisationand
theprotectionofpropertyrights,promotingappropriateuseof land, improvinglandplanning
andmanagement,preventingandmitigating conflicts concerninguseandpossession, and, in
particular, to resolving conflicts that jeopardise or limit food production, the National
Governmentwill:
• Setupflexible,efficientmechanismsforconciliationandconflictresolutionconcerningland
use and possession, aimed at guaranteeing effective protection of rural property rights;
resolvingconflictsconcerningrightsoflandpossessionanduse;and,ingeneral,promoting
the regularisation of rural property, including traditional mechanisms and participative
interventionbycommunitiesinconflictresolution.Furthermore,theNationalGovernment
will,tothesameend,setinmotionanewrurallandlegalsystemthatwillenjoyappropriate
coverage and capacity across Colombia, with emphasis on prioritised areas, and with
mechanismsthatguaranteeaccesstojusticethatisexpediteandtimelytotheruralpoor,
withlegaladviceandspecialtrainingforwomenregardingtheirrightsandaccesstojustice,
together with specificmeasures for overcoming barriers that constitute obstacles to the
recognition andprotectionofwomen’s rights over land. Theparticipationofwomenand
women’sorganisations inthevariousspacescreatedforconciliationandtheresolutionof
conflictsconcerninglanduseandpossessionwillbepromoted.
• Createahigh-levelbodywithintheframeworkofthepowersoftheNationalGovernment,
whichwillberesponsiblefordrawingupgeneralguidelinesaimedatindicativeplanningfor
landusetocoordinate,collateandharmonisesectorpolicies,consideringthecharacteristics
of its suitability, the common good and territorial-based visions of rural development
formulatedinparticipativeforumsthatwillprovidemenandwomenalike,andtheterritorial
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authorities,withequitativerepresentation.Whentheguidelinesaredevised,attentionwill
begiventothefollowing:1)socio-environmentalsustainabilityandthepreservationofwater
resourcesandbiodiversity;2)thecompatibilitybetweenthecurrentuseofrurallandandits
suitability; 3) the importance of food production to national development, allowing its
coexistencewithothereconomicactivities,andpromotingstepstowardsself-sufficiency;and
4)theparticularsocial,culturalandeconomicaspectsofeachoneofthecountry’sdifferent
territories.Theforegoingiswithoutprejudicetothepowersoflocalauthoritiestoplanand
guidethedevelopmentoftheterritoryoverwhichtheyhavejurisdictionandregulatethe
use, transformationandoccupationofspace incoordinationwith thenationalauthorities
andwithintheframeworkofpreparationandapprovalofplansandschemesforterritorial
planning.
• Promoteefficientuseofparticipativeanddecision-makingspacesintheplanningofruralland
useandterritorialmanagement.
• Setupmechanismsforsocialdialoguebetweennational,regionalandlocalauthorities,small-
scalefarmercommunitiesandalsoindigenous,black,afro-descendent,raizalandpalenquerocommunities, inadditiontoothercommunitieswheredifferentethnicandculturalgroups
coexist,andprivate-sectorcompaniesdoingbusinessinruralareas,withaviewtocreating
formal spaces for discussion between actors with diverse interests, which allow the
promotion of a common development agenda focusing on socio-environmental
sustainability,thewell-beingofruralpopulationsandeconomicgrowthwithequity.
1.1.9. Formationandupdatingoftheruralcadastreandoftheruralpropertytax:withtheaim
ofpromotingappropriate,productiveandsustainableuseoftheland,creatinganinformation
system that can be used to promote comprehensive rural development, enhancing effective
collectionoftaxesbylocalauthoritiesandalsosocialinvestment,stimulatingdeconcentrationof
improductive rural property and, in general, transparently regularising land ownership, the
NationalGovernmentwilllaunch:
• Acomprehensiveandmulti-purposeGeneralCadastralInformationSystem,which,withina
maximumof7years,leadstothecreationandupdatingoftheruralcadastre,includingthe
registration of rural property, and is implemented within the framework of municipal
autonomy.InfulfilmentoftheprinciplesofPrioritisation,Well-beingandqualityoflife,this
cadastre must provide early results in the prioritised zones, within the scope of the
agreementsbetween theNationalGovernmentand theFARC-EP.This systemwill include
informationdisaggregatedbysexandethnicity,whichwill, interalia,provide information
concerningthesizeandthecharacteristicsofpropertyandformsoftitlecertification.The
cadastralvaluationwillbecarriedoutbythecompetentauthorityinaccordancewiththelaw.
• Technical,administrativeandfinancialsupportforlocalauthoritiesintheformation,updating
andconservationoftheruralcadastre.
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• Guaranteedbroadandeffectiveparticipationbycitizenstoensureinformationtransparency.
Inanyevent,cadastralmatterspertainingtoruralcommunitieswillrequiretheinvolvement
of itsmembers. At no timewill the agreements herein affect the rights acquired by the
indigenousandAfro-descendentcommunitiesorotherruralcommunities.
• Asystemwhereinmunicipalauthoritiescaneffectivelysettle,chargeandcollecttheproperty
tax,basedonthecadastralupdatingandwithintheframeworkoftheirautonomy.
• Anappropriateregulatoryframeworktoenablemunicipalitiestosetpropertytaxtariffs,in
fulfilmentoftheprincipleofprogressivity-hewhohasmore,paysmore-basedonfairness
andsocialjustice.
• Municipal incentives,whichwill include,wherenecessary, transfers tomunicipal funds to
enablesaidauthoritiestoexemptfromthepropertytaxthosewhobenefitfromlandaccess
programmesandalsosmall-scaleproducers.
Theformationandcomprehensiveupdatingofthecadastreaswelloftheregistrationofrural
property will not only lead to a long-lasting improvement of the cadastral information and
processes,butwillalsoaimtoprovidelegalandsocialcertainty,especiallyforsmallandmedium-
sizedruralproperty,andtobenefitfoodproductionandenvironmentalbalance.
1.1.10.Closureoftheagriculturalfrontierandprotectionofreserveareas:toassistindefining
theagriculturalfrontier,protectingareasofspecialenvironmentalinterestandgenerating,for
the neighbouring or occupying communities, livelihood alternatives that maintain a balance
betweenthatwhichisgoodfortheenvironmentandthatwhichcontributestowell-beingand
quality of life, under the principles of rural community participation and sustainable
development,theNationalGovernmentwill:
• Withintwoyears,implementanenvironmentalzoningplantodelimittheagriculturalfrontier
andtoenableupdating,andwherenecessary,expandingtheinventory,andtocharacterise
theuseofareasrequiringproperenvironmentalmanagement,suchas:forestreserveareas,
areasofhighbiodiversity,fragileandstrategicecosystems,watersheds,moorland(páramos)andwetlands,andotherwater-relatedsourcesandresources,withaviewtosafeguarding
biodiversityandtheprogressiverighttowater,andthepromotionofitsrationaluse.
• ForthepurposesofimplementationofthePlan,theNationalGovernmentshalltakeaccount
of coexistence and development projects and participation by rural organisations and
communities— men and women— as a guarantee of the fulfilment of the aims of this
Chapter, without prejudice to the community and socio-environmental interests and the
commongood.
• Providesupporttoruralcommunitiescurrentlylivingalongsideorwithinareasrequiringthe
special environmental management detailed previously, working with them to structure
plans for their development, including re-settlement programmes or programmes for
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community rehabilitationof forestsand theenvironment,whicharecompatiblewithand
contribute to the objectives of closing the agricultural frontier and preserving the
environment, such as: the provision of environmental services, with special
acknowledgement and appreciation of intangible cultural and spiritual aspects, and
protecting the social interest; sustainable food production and silvopasture systems;
reforestation; Peasant Enterprise Zones (Zonas de Reserva Campesina – ZRC, hereinafterPEZ); and, ingeneral,other sustainable formsoforganisationof the ruralpopulationand
economy.
• Inordertopromoteappropriateuseofland,inadditiontothenewcadastralstructureand
propertytaxprogressivity(1.1.9.),theNationalGovernmentshalladoptsuchmeasuresand
create such incentives as are necessary to prevent and to promote solutions to conflicts
betweenlandsuitabilityandactualuse,takingintoaccounttheenvironmentalzoningplan
addressedhereinandtheprincipleofwell-beingandqualityoflife.Landappropriatedfrom
the Forest Reserve Areas mentioned in this Agreement will be prioritised to small-scale
farmers without land or with insufficient land, via various forms of organisation or
association,includingthePeasantEnterpriseZones,whichwillcontributetotheclosureof
theagriculturalfrontier,thestrengtheningofthesmall-scalefarmereconomyandfamily-run
agriculture.
• PEZsareagriculturalinitiativesthatareconducivetopeacebuilding,toguaranteeingpolitical,
economic,socialandculturalrightsofruralcommunities,todevelopmentbasedonsocio-
environmentalandfoodsustainabilityandtoreconciliationbetweenColombiancitizens.The
NationalGovernment,indialoguewiththevariouscommunitiesandtakingintoaccountthe
principles of well-being and quality of life and participation in the Comprehensive Rural
Reform,willpromoteaccesstolandandtheplanningofitsuseinthePEZs,providingsupport
fordevelopmentplansofthealreadyexistingzonesandofthosetobesetupinresponseto
initiativesof rural communitiesandorganisationsdeemedtobe representative, in sucha
mannerastocomplywiththeaimoffomentingthesmall-scalefarmereconomy,contributing
totheclosureoftheagriculturalfrontier,andboostingfoodproductionandtheprotection
of Forest Reserve Areas. Active participation on the part of communities — men and
women— living in the PEZs in the implementation of these development plans will be
encouraged.
• WithinthecontextoftheproceduresforsettingupthePEZs,whichwillbecarriedoutbythe
competentauthorityinaccordancewithcurrentprovisions,theGovernment,asaresultof
dialogue,will, togetherwiththe interestedcommunities,definetheareasforeachoneof
them, addressing the needs of small-scale farmers that have commenced or wish to
commenceprocedures for settingup thesezones.Theseprocedureswillbe implemented
alongsidepropertytitlingprocedures.
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1.2.DevelopmentProgrammeswithaTerritorial-BasedFocus(DPTFs)
1.2.1. Objective:theobjectiveoftheDPTFsistoachievethestructuraltransformationofthe
countrysideandtheruralenvironmentandtopromoteanequitablerelationshipbetweenrural
andurbanareas,withaviewtoguaranteeing:
• Well-beingandqualityoflifeforpeoplelivinginruralareas—boysandgirls,menandwomen
— by enabling them to exercise their political, economic, social and cultural rights and
reversingtheeffectsofpovertyandconflict;
• Theprotectionofthemulti-ethnicandmulticulturalrichnessofColombiainorderthatitmay
contribute to knowledge, the organisation of life, to the economy, production and the
relationshipwithnature;
• Thedevelopmentofthesmall-scalefarmerandfamily-runeconomy(basedoncooperative,
mutual,communal,microbusinessandsolidarityassociationsystems)andoftheparticular
production methods of the indigenous, black, Afro-descendent, raizal and palenquerocommunities,throughcomprehensiveaccesstolandandtoproductiveandsocialgoodsand
services. TheDPTFswillwithequal emphasisplayapart in inter-ethnic and inter-cultural
spaces, with a view to the latter making effective progress towards development and
harmoniouscoexistence;
• Thedevelopmentandintegrationofregionsneglectedandafflictedbytheconflict,providing
progressivepublicinvestmentagreedwiththevariouscommunitiesandaimedatachieving
a convergence between the quality of rural life and the quality of urban life, and
strengtheninglinksbetweencitiesandthecountryside;
• Therecognitionandpromotionofcommunityorganisations,includingorganisationsofrural
women, enabling them to become protagonists in the structural transformation of the
countryside;
• MakingtheColombiancountrysideashowcaseofreconciliationwhereall,maleandfemale
alike, work around a shared aim, namely the supreme goal of peace, right and duty of
mandatorycompliance.
1.2.2. Prioritisation criteria: the process of the structural transformation of the countryside
mustcoverallthecountry'sruralareas.Prioritywillbegiventothezonesmosturgentlyinneed
underaDPTFwhichwillenablethenationalplanssetupwithinthecontextofthisAgreementto
beimplementedmorerapidlyandwithgreaterresources.Theprioritisationcriteriaforthezones
willbe:
• Povertylevels,inparticularextremepovertyandunsatisfiedneeds;
• Thedegreetowhichthezonehasbeenaffectedbytheconflict;
• Theweaknessofadministrativeinstitutionsandofmanagementcapacity;
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• Thepresenceofcropsforillicituseandotherunlawfuleconomies.
1.2.3. Actionplansforregionaltransformation:inordertofulfiltheobjectivesoftheDPTFs,an
actionplanforregionaltransformationwillhavetobepreparedforeachprioritisedzone.This
actionplanmustincludealllevelsofterritorialplanning,resultfromaparticipatoryprocessand
reflectdialoguebetweenthelocalauthoritiesandcommunities.Theplansmustaddress:
• Theterritorial-basedapproachtoruralcommunitiesthattakesaccountofthesocio-historic,
cultural,environmentalandproductivecharacteristicsofterritoriesandtheirinhabitantsand
alsotheirneeds,whichwillbedifferentiatedonthebasisoftheirmembershipofgroupsin
vulnerable circumstances as well as land suitability, so that sufficient public investment
resourcescanbedeployedinharmonywiththenation'stangibleandintangiblevalues.
• Anobjectiveassessment,drawnupwiththeparticipationofthevariouscommunities—men
andwomen—which,usingtheaforesaidterritorial-basedapproach,willtakeaccountofthe
needs inaterritoryandthestepsnecessarytocoordinatethevariousaspects,withclear,
precise targets that will allow the structural transformation of living and production
conditions.
TheNationalDevelopmentPlan(PlanNacionaldeDesarrollo)—willencompassthepriorities
andgoalsoftheDPTFs.
1.2.4. Participationmechanisms: theactiveparticipationofthevariouscommunities—men
andwomen—inconjunctionwiththeauthoritiesofterritorialbodies,isthebasisoftheDPTFs.
To that end, forums will be set up at the various territorial levels to guarantee citizens’
participationinthecompetentauthorities’decision-makingprocesstodevelopwhathasbeen
agreedintheCRR,attendedbyrepresentativesofthecommunities,includingruralwomenand
theirorganisations,andmonitoredby supervisorybodies (namely theOfficeof the Inspector
General,theOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral,theOfficeoftheComptrollerGeneralandtheOffice
oftheOmbudsman),inorder:
• Todefinetheprioritiesforimplementationofnationalplans(roads,irrigation,infrastructure,
services,etc.)intheterritory,inaccordancewiththeneedsofthepopulation;
• Toguaranteecommunityinvolvementintheexecutionoftheworksandtheirupkeep;
• Toestablishmechanismsoffollow-upandoversightofprojects.
ThesystemsforparticipationestablishedforthepreparationofDevelopmentProgrammeswith
aTerritorial-BasedFocusseektostrengthenparticipationbycitizensindecisionsthataffectthem
withintheframeworkoftheConstitution,promotesolidarityassociationsandinvigoratelocal
democracy. Under no circumstances do they seek to limit the executive powers of elected
officials or the powers of composite bodies (Congress, municipal councils and departmental
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assemblies).WithintheframeworkoftheDPTFs,thegeneralcharacteristicsandtimeswillbe
expresslyestablishedtoguaranteethatthesesystemsforparticipationfunctioncorrectly.
1.2.5. Means:theDPTFswillbethemechanismofimplementationintheprioritisedzonesfor
thevariousnationalplansarisingfromtheAgreement.
TheNational Governmentwill channel the necessary resources to guarantee the design and
implementationoftheactionplansforstructuraltransformation,inconjunctionwithterritorial
bodies.
1.2.6. Follow-upandevaluation:theactionprogrammesandplansforregionaltransformation
in each prioritised zone will include local, regional and national follow-up and evaluation
mechanismsaspartofthegeneralverificationandfollow-upmechanismsaddressedinChapter
6,inordertoguaranteethatwhatisagreedisimplementedanddelivered.
1.3.NationalplansforComprehensiveRuralReform
ThecentralobjectiveofthenationalplansforComprehensiveRuralReformis,ontheonehand,
toovercomepovertyandinequality,inordertoachievethewell-beingoftheruralpopulation,
andontheother,theintegrationofandclosingofthegapbetweenruralandurbanareas. In
accordancewiththisAgreement,thecompetentauthoritiesmustdrawupandstartupNational
Plansintheterritory.
Poverty isovercomenotsimplyby improvingfamilies’ income,butbyensuringthatboysand
girls,menandwomenhaveadequateaccesstopublicgoodsandservices.Thisisthebasisofa
decentlife.Thus,overcomingpovertyinthecountrysidedepends,firstandforemost,onthejoint
actionofthenationalplansforComprehensiveRuralReform,whichoverafifteen-yeartransition
phasewilleradicateextremepoverty,reduceruralpovertyinallitsdimensionsby50%,reduce
inequalityandcreateatrendtowardstheconvergence,atahigherlevel,ofthequalityoflifein
townsandcitiesandinthecountryside.Inanycase,theframeworkplanmustguaranteethatthe
utmosteffortsaremadetofulfil theNationalPlans inthenext5years. Inordertoovercome
poverty,specific,differentiatedmeasureswillbeimplementedtoaddressthespecialneedsof
women in the countryside and achieve effective equality of opportunity between men and
women.
1.3.1. Infrastructureandlandimprovement
1.3.1.1.Roadinfrastructure:withtheaimofachievingregionalintegrationandaccesstosocial
servicesandmarkets,favourablyinfluencingfoodpricesasaguaranteeoftherighttonutrition,
and raising the income levelof rural communities, theNationalGovernment is to setupand
implementaNationalTertiaryRuralRoadPlan(PlanNacionaldeVíasTerciarias).Implementation
ofthePlanwilltakeaccountofthefollowingcriteria:
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• The active participation of communities — men and women — in the prioritisation,
implementationandmonitoringoftheworks.
• Technicalassistanceandthepromotionoftheorganisationalcapabilitiesofcommunities,to
guaranteetheupkeepandsustainabilityoftheworks.
• Thestimulationofthelocaleconomy,givingprioritytothehiringoflocalmaleandfemale
workersandtheacquisitionoflocalmaterials.
• Thepromotionandapplicationofdiversetechnologicalsolutions.
• Theimportanceofguaranteeingthesustainabilityofsocio-environmentalconditions.
1.3.1.2.Irrigationinfrastructure:withtheaimofsupportingsmall-scalefamily-runagricultural
production and boosting the rural economy in general by guaranteeing democratic and
environmentallysustainableaccesstowater,theNationalGovernmentwillsetupandimplement
theNationalIrrigationandDrainagePlan(PlanNacionaldeRiegoyDrenaje)fortherural,family-
run and community-based economies. Implementation of the Plan, will take account of the
followingcriteria:
• Thepromotionandapplicationofappropriatetechnologicalirrigationanddrainagesolutions
fortherural,family-runandcommunity-basedeconomies,inaccordancewiththeparticular
featuresofthevariouszones,theruralproductiveprojectandthecommunitiesthemselves.
• Therehabilitationof the irrigation infrastructure for therural, family-runandcommunity-
basedeconomies.
• Assisting user-associations in the design and drawing up of the irrigation and drainage
projects.
• Technicalassistanceandthepromotionoftheorganisationalcapabilitiesofcommunitiesto
guarantee the upkeep, administration and economic and environmental sustainability of
irrigationanddrainageprojects.
• Thepromotionofappropriatepracticesfortheuseofwaterinirrigation.
• Preparatorymeasurestomitigatetherisksofclimatechange.
1.3.1.3.Electricityinfrastructureandconnectivity:withtheaimofensuringtheconditionsfora
decentlifeandimprovingconnectivity,theNationalGovernmentwilldesignandimplementa
NationalRuralElectrificationPlan(PlanNacionaldeElectrificaciónRural)andaNationalRuralConnectivityPlan(PlanNacionaldeConectividadRural),basedonthefollowingcriteria:
• Theexpansionofelectricalcoverage.
• Thepromotionandapplicationofappropriatetechnologicalelectricitygenerationsolutions
in accordance with the particular features of the rural environment and the various
communities.
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• Technicalassistanceandthepromotionoftheorganisationalcapabilitiesofcommunitiesto
guaranteetheupkeepandsustainabilityoftheworks.
• Traininginappropriateuseofenergyinordertoguaranteeitssustainability.
• The installation of the infrastructure needed to guarantee high-speed internet access in
municipalcapitals.
• Theprovisionofcommunityinternetaccesssolutionsforpopulationcentres.
1.3.2.Socialdevelopment:health,education,housing,povertyeradication
1.3.2.1.Health:withtheaimofbringinghealthcareservicesclosertocommunities,particularly
vulnerablegroupsandpersons, strengthening the infrastructureandthequalityof thepublic
network in rural zonesand improving thesuitabilityand the relevanceof serviceprovision,a
NationalRuralHealthPlan(PlanNacionaldeSaludRural)willbebesetupandimplemented.
ImplementationofthethePlanwilltakeaccountofthefollowingcriteria:
• Infrastructure construction and improvement based on a broad, participative diagnosis
making it possible to reach the greatest number of users in each region, to provide
equipment,includingtheadoptionofnewtechnologiestoprovidehigherlevelsofhealthcare
(e.g.telemedicine),andtheavailabilityandlong-termpresenceofqualifiedstaff.
• The adoption of an equity- and gender-based approach that takes account of the health
requirementsofwomen,inaccordancewiththeirlifecycle,includingmeasurestoaddress
sexual and reproductive health, psychosocial care and the specialmeasures for pregnant
womenandchildrenintheareasofprevention,healthpromotionandtreatment.
• Thecreationofaspecialpublichealthmodelfordispersedruralareas,withtheemphasison
prevention,whichallowstheprovisionofservicesinthehomeorintheworkplace.
• Anongoingfollow-upandevaluationsystemtoguaranteethequalityandsuitabilityofthe
service.
1.3.2.2.Ruraleducation:withtheaimofprovidingacomprehensiveserviceforearlychildhood,
guaranteeing the coverage, quality and relevance of education, eradicating illiteracy in rural
areas,helpingtheyoungergenerationtoremainpartoftheproductionsectorinthecountryside,
andpromotinginvolvementinruraldevelopmentonthepartofregionalacademicinstitutions,
theNational Government is to set up and implement the Special Rural Education Plan (PlanEspecial de Educación Rural). Implementation of the Plan will take account of the following
criteria:
• Universalcoveragewithcomprehensiveserviceprovisionforearlychildhood.
• Flexible pre-school, primary and secondary school education adapted to the needs of
communitiesandoftheruralenvironment,withanequity-basedapproach.
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• The construction, reconstruction, improvement and adaptation of the rural educational
infrastructure,toincludetheprovisionandongoingpresenceofqualifiedteachingstaffand
accesstoinformationtechnologies.
• Theguaranteeoffreeeducationatpre-school,primaryandsecondaryschoollevel.
• Improvement of the conditions of access of boys, girls and adolescents to the education
systemandassistanceinenablingthemtocontinuetheireducation,throughtheprovisionof
freeaccesstomaterials,textbooks,schoolmealsandtransport.
• Theprovisionofrecreation,cultureandsportsprogrammesandinfrastructure.
• The incorporationof technicalagricultural training intosecondaryschooleducation(years
tenandeleven).
• The provision of scholarships with non-repayable grants for the poorest rural men and
womentogainaccesstotechnical,technologicalanduniversitytrainingservices,toinclude,
whererelevant,subsistencefunds.
• Thepromotionofvocational training forwomen indisciplines thatarenot the traditional
preserveofwomen.
• Theimplementationofaspecialprogrammeforeradicatingilliteracyinthecountryside.
• The strengtheningandpromotionof research, innovationand scientific and technological
developmentfortheagriculturalsector, inareassuchasagro-ecology,biotechnology,soil
science,etc.
• Aprogressiveincreaseintechnical,technologicalanduniversityquotasinruralzones,with
fairaccessforbothmenandwomen,includingpersonswithadisability.Specialmeasures
willbeimplementedtoincentiviseaccessonthepartofruralwomenandtoencouragethem
tocontinue.
• Promotingtheexpansionofprovisionandtechnical,technologicalanduniversitytrainingin
subjectareasrelatedtoruraldevelopment.
1.3.2.3.Housinganddrinkingwater:withtheaimofguaranteeingdecentlivingconditionsto
thoselivinginthecountryside,theNationalGovernmentwillsetupandimplementtheNational
Rural Social Housing Construction and Improvement Plan (Plan nacional de construcción ymejoramientodelaviviendasocialrural). Implementationoftheplanwilltakeaccountofthe
followingcriteria:
• Theapplicationofappropriatehousingsolutions,inaccordancewiththeparticularfeatures
oftheruralenvironmentandofvariouscommunities,withanequityapproach.Therewillbe
equalaccesstothesesolutionsformenandwomen.
• Thepromotionandapplicationofappropriatetechnologicalsolutions(localaqueductsand
individual solutions) to guarantee access to drinking water and the management of
wastewater.
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• Thegrantingofsubsidiesforconstructionandimprovementofhousing,prioritisingthosein
extremepoverty, victims, beneficiaries of the landdistribution plan andwomenwho are
headsofhouseholds.Theamountsofthenon-reimbursablesubsidy,whichmaycoverupto
all thehousingsolution,willbeestablished inaccordancewiththeconstructioncostsand
requirementsineachregion,withaviewtoguaranteeingdecenthousingconditions.
• Theactiveparticipationofcommunities—menandwomen—inthedefinitionofhousing
solutionsandprojectimplementation.
• Technical assistance and the promotion of organisational capabilities of communities to
ensure the upkeep, operation and sustainability of water access and wastewater
managementsolutions.
• Promotingappropriatepracticesforusingdrinkingwater.
1.3.3. Stimuli for agricultural production and the solidarity and cooperative economy.
Technical assistance. Subsidies. Credit. Income generation.Marketing. Formalisation of the
labourmarket.
1.3.3.1.Stimuliforasolidarityandcooperativeeconomy:withtheaimofstimulatingdifferent
associative forms of work for and between small and medium-sized producers, based on
solidarityandcooperation,whichpromoteeconomicindependenceandorganisationalability,
especiallyinruralwomen,andwhichstrengthentheabilityofsmallproducersintermsofaccess
togoodsandservices,marketingtheirgoodsand,ingeneral,improvingtheirliving,workingand
productionconditions,theNationalGovernmentwillsetupandimplementtheNationalPlanto
FomenttheRuralSolidarityandCooperativeEconomy(Plannacionaldefomentoalaeconomíasolidaria y cooperativa rural). Implementation of the planwill take account of the following
criteria:
• Mentoring,technicalandfinancialsupportforruralcommunities—menandwomen—in
thecreationandconsolidationofcooperatives,solidarityandcommunityassociationsand
organisations,especiallythoseconnectedwithfoodproductionandsupplyandinparticular
organicandagro-ecologicalproductionandwomen'sorganisations.
• Thestrengtheningofproductivecapacitiesandofconditionsofaccesstoruraldevelopment
instruments(meansofproduction,technicalassistance,training,creditandmarketing,interalia).
• Stimulatingthesolidarityandcooperativeeconomyasameansforchannellingresourcesand
servicestotheruralpopulation.
• Using anequity-based approach, supporting communityorganisations and associations in
contributingtoinfrastructureandequipmentprojectmanagement(roads,housing,health,
education,waterandbasicsanitation,irrigationanddrainage).
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1.3.3.2.Technicalassistance:withtheaimofstrengtheningproductioncapacitiesintherural,
family-run and community-based economies to develop rural productive projects and to
stimulate technological innovation processes, the National Government will design and
implement a Comprehensive National Technical, Technological and Research-Incentive
Assistance Plan (Plan nacional de asistencia integral técnica, tecnológica y de impulso a lainvestigación).Implementationoftheplanwilltakeaccountofthefollowingcriteria:
• Guaranteeing the provision of the comprehensive technical and technological assistance
service (advances in terms of technico-productive, organisational, social, management,
administration,IT,finance,marketingandtraining)forproductionintherural,family-runand
community-based economies in a decentralised manner. Comprehensive technical and
technologicalassistanceisafree-of-chargepublicserviceformenandwomenwhobenefit
fromtheLandFundandforsmall-scaleproducers,withprioritybeinggiventowomenwho
areheadsoffamilies,andwillincludeaprogressivesubsidyformedium-sizedproducers.
• Regulatingandsupervisingthequalityofthetechnicalandtechnologicalassistanceservice,
includingasystemofparticipativeandcommunity-basedmonitoringandevaluationthatwill
takeaccountoffemaleparticipation.
• Linkingtechnicalandtechnologicalassistancewiththeresultsofagriculturalresearchand
innovationprocesses,includingtheuseofcommunicationandinformationtechnologies.
• Promotingandprotectingnativeseedsandseedbanks,withoutrestrictingorimposingother
typesofseedssuchasimprovedseeds,hybridsandothers,sothatcommunities—menand
women—canaccessoptimumseedmaterialand,inaparticipativeway,contributetothe
improvement thereof, by incorporating their own knowledge. Furthermore, strict socio-
environmentalandhealthregulationoftransgenicmaterialswillpromotethecommongood.
Theaforesaidwillbewithinthecontextofthestate'sunshakeableobligationtotakesuch
measuresandtousesuchtoolsasarenecessarytosafeguardthecountry'sgeneticheritage
andbiodiversityassovereignresourcesofthenation.
1.3.3.3.Subsidies,incomegenerationandcredit:inadditiontothesubsidiesthattheNational
Governmentwill grant to the rural, family-runand community-basedeconomies through the
plansandprogrammesrelatingtolanddistribution,technicalassistance,housing,infrastructure
and,ingeneral,allsocialgoodsandservicesfallingundertheheadingofcomprehensiveaccess,
theNationalGovernmentwill designand implementaPlan for SupportingandConsolidating
IncomeGenerationintheRural,Family-runandCommunity-basedEconomiesandMedium-sized
ProducerswithLowerIncomeLevels(Planparaapoyaryconsolidarlageneracióndeingresosdelaeconomíacampesina,familiarycomunitaria,ydelosmedianosproductoresyproductorasconmenoresingresos).Inaddition,thisPlanmustenablewomentoovercomebarrierstoaccessing
funding.Implementationoftheplanwilltakeaccountofthefollowingcriteria:
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• Providingnon-reimbursableseedfundingthatwillallowthesuccessfulstart-upofproduction
projectsforthebeneficiariesoflanddistribution.
• Promotingrevolvingagriculturalfundsforassociationsofsmallandmedium-sizedproducers
withlowerincomelevels.
• Adoptingasystemofguaranteestofacilitateaccessbytherural,family-runandcommunity-
basedeconomiestoagriculturalcredit.
• In lightoftheagreementsinsection1.1.6relatingtoinalienabilityandnon-seizability,the
provisionofsoft,flexible,appropriateandsubsidisedcreditlinesfortherural,family-runand
community-basedeconomiesandcomplementaryactivities,andwithprogressivesubsidies
for medium-sized producers with lower income levels, aimed at supporting the right to
nutrition, the reconversion of production and the generation of added value. Subsidised
creditlinesforlandpurchasewillbegrantedexclusivelytosmallproducers.
• Promotingsubsidisedharvestinsurancefortheagriculturalproduceoftherural,family-run
andcommunity-basedeconomiesinalltheirforms.
• Theencouragementofacultureofmanagementofalltypesofrisks.
• Alongsidesubsidisedcredithandbooks,comprehensive informationandmentoringwillbe
provided as a priority to small rural producers in the use of portfolio normalisation
mechanisms,enablingthemtoreturntoproductionintherural,family-runandcommunity-
basedeconomiesontheirholdings,withaviewtosafeguardingtheirlivelihood.
1.3.3.4.Marketing:withtheaimofguaranteeingsuitableconditionsformarketinggoodsarising
fromtheproductionof the rural, family-runandcommunity-basedeconomiesand improving
theiravailabilityasaguaranteeoftherighttonutrition,theNationalGovernmentwillsetupand
implementtheNationalPlanforthePromotionofMarketingtheProductsoftheRural,Family-
runandCommunity-basedEconomies(Plannacionalparalapromocióndelacomercializacióndelaproduccióndelaeconomíacampesina,familiarycomunitaria),whichwillhaveaffirmative
measurestopromotetheeconomicempowermentofruralwomen.Implementationoftheplan
willtakeaccountofthefollowingcriteria:
• The promotion of solidarity associations, including associations of rural women, for the
purposes of marketing, which will provide information and logistics, administer storage
centresandpromotetheproduceofthecountryside,withspecialattentionbeinggivento
prioritisedareas,toprogressivelyminimiseintermediation,reducethefinalpricechargedto
theconsumer,encouragedirectrelationshipsbetweenproducersandconsumersandcreate
conditionsforguaranteeinghigherincomesforproducers.
• Financingorco-financingofstoragecentresforthefoodproductionoftherural,family-run
and community-based economies, which address the particular features and needs of a
region,andencourageorganisedcommunitiestoadministerthestoragecentres.
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• Inurbancentres,promotingmarketsfortheproduceoftherural,family-runandcommunity-
basedeconomies.
• Promotinglinksbetweensmall-scaleruralproductionandotherproductionmodels,which
maybeverticalorhorizontal,andondifferentscales,improvingcountry/townintegration,
for the benefit of the various communities—men andwomen— and to add value to
produce.
• Thedesignandprogressiveimplementationofapublicprocurementmechanismtomeetthe
demand from institutional bodies and programmes which, in decentralised fashion, will
promote local production in order to support the sales and market penetration of the
produceoftherural,family-runandcommunity-basedeconomies.
• For producers, implementing a system of regional price information supported by
informationandcommunicationstechnologies.
1.3.3.5. Formalisation of the rural labour market and social protection: the National
Governmentwilldoitsutmosttostrengthenthesocialsecurityandprotectionsystemforthe
ruralpopulation,withanequity-basedapproachandtakingintoaccounttheparticularsituation
ofwomen.InlightoftheInternationalLabourOrganisation(ILO)regulations,towhichColombia
isparty,andwithaviewtosafeguardingdecentemploymentandtherightsofworkersinthe
countryside,andtheirsocialprotection(protectioninoldage,maternitybenefits,occupational
risks), the National Government will set up and implement the Progressive Plan for Social
ProtectionandSafeguardingoftheRightsofRuralWorkers(Planprogresivodeprotecciónsocialydegarantíadederechosdelostrabajadoresytrabajadorasrurales).
Theaimoftheplanwillbetoprovidedecentruralworkingconditionsthroughthefullapplication,
with workplace inspection, of the regulations governing contractual relationships, the
correspondingworkingday,remunerationandcontractregulation,takingaccountofcase-law
developments favourable to workers, and the applicable international standards of the ILO,
relatingtolabouringeneralandrurallabourinparticular,toenabletheeffectivesafeguarding,
formenandwomenonanequalbasis,ofthefundamentalrighttoemployment.Implementation
oftheplanwilltakeaccountofthefollowingcriteria:
• Campaignstoeradicatechildlabourandimmediatemeasurestoeradicatetheworstforms
ofchildlabour.
• Thesafeguardingofsocialprotectionthrougharegulareconomicbenefitforworkersinthe
countrysideofretirementage,andanoccupationalriskssubsidyproportionatetoindividual
savingsandthatwillincludeaastatesubsidy.
• Thepromotionandstimulusofprocessesforworkerorganisationinthecountrysidethrough
associationsbasedonsolidarityandcooperation,suchastofacilitateaccesstostateservices
focusingonworkerwell-being.
• Promotingtherecruitmentofpersonswithadisability.
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• Promotingtherecruitmentofwomeninnon-traditionalareasofproduction.
• Training agricultural workers and businesses in the area of employment rights and
obligations,andpromotingthecultureofformalisationofthelabourmarket.
• The strengthening of the fixed labour inspection system and the creation of a mobile
inspectionsysteminruralareastoenableworkerstodemandtheirdueemploymentrights
andtoproperlyprocessemploymentdisputes.
• Theenvironmentallyandsociallysustainableplansandprogrammestobecarriedoutinrural
areaswillbenefitfromthecollaborationoftheworkforcefromcommunitiesinthezone—
bothmenandwomen.Employmentconditionsundertheseprogrammeswillbecompliant
withinternationalandnationalregulationsandwillbegovernedbytheprinciplesofdignity
andfairness.
• Theextensionofprogrammesforeffectiveprotectionoftheeconomicriskofoldagetothe
elderlyruralpopulationinextremepovertywhichisnotcoveredbythesocialsecuritysystem,
takingaccountofthespecialneedsoffemalemembersoftheelderlypopulation.
• Promotingschemesforprotectionduringpregnancy,childbirth,breast-feedingandhealth
servicesfornewborns,byprogressivelyextendingthecoverageandenhancingthequalityof
familyhealthandsubsidysystems,withparticularfocusonruralworkingwomen.
1.3.3.6. Associations: the Government will encourage and promote associations, production
chains and productive partnerships between small, medium and large producers as well as
processors,tradersandexportersinordertoguaranteelarge-scale,competitiveproductionthat
formspartofaddedvaluechainsthathelpimprovelivingconditionsoftheruralinhabitantsin
generalandsmallproducersinparticular.Forthatpurpose,itwillprovidetechnical, legaland
economicassistance(creditor financing) tosmallproducers inordertoguaranteefamilyand
associativeprojectsthatarebalancedandeconomicallysustainable.
1.3.4. Systemfortheprogressiverealisationoftherighttofood:infulfilmentoftheobligation
toprogressivelyrealisethehumanrighttohealthy,nutritionalandculturallyappropriatefood,
withtheaimoferadicatinghungerandenhancingtheavailabilityof,accesstoandconsumption
ofsufficientnutritionalfood,theNationalGovernmentwillsetinmotionaspecialsystemforthe
progressiverealisationoftherighttofoodfortheruralpopulation.
Foodandnutritionpolicyinruralzonesisbasedontheprogressiveincreaseinfoodproduction,
incomegenerationand, ingeneral,thecreationofconditionsofwell-beingbasedonnational
plans for access to land, infrastructure, irrigation, housing and drinking water, technical
assistanceandtraining,marketing,credit,thepromotionofassociationsbasedonsolidarityand
cooperation, and other plans set out in this agreement. This policy acknowledges the
fundamentalroleplayedbyruralwomenintheircontributiontofulfillingtherighttofood.
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All the national plans must broadly comply with the proposed food and nutrition policy
objectives,bymeansofasystemthatimplementsthemacrossthecountry'sterritoriesandwill
takeaccountofthefollowingcriteria:
• Thedevelopmentofdepartmentalandlocalplansconcerningculturallyappropriatefoodand
nutrition,withtheactiveparticipationofcommunities,society,theNationalGovernmentand
departmental andmunicipal authorities, with a view to implementing themeasures and
establishinggoalsinthefield.
• The establishment of departmental and municipal food and nutrition councils, with
representativesfromthegovernmentandbroadrepresentationofsocietyandcommunities
— men and women— with the aim of proposing and participating in the definition of
guidelinesforplanningandimplementingfoodandnutritionpoliciesthroughdepartmental
and local plans, mobilising resources in the region, monitoring risk and following up
compliancewithtargets.
• The establishment of a National Food and Nutrition Council composed of national,
departmentalandmunicipalauthoritiesandrepresentatives(maleandfemale)selectedfrom
thedepartmentalandmunicipalcouncils,whichwillproposeandparticipateinthedefinition
oftheguidelinesforfoodpolicy,coordinatedepartmentalandlocalplans,informaboutand
monitorriskandfollow-upgoalsonanationallevel.
• The development of programmes to combat hunger and malnutrition, with national
coverage,especiallyforthedestituteruralpopulation,pregnantandbreast-feedingwomen,
girlsandboysandtheelderly.Theseprogrammeswillincludeemergencyplansforthemost
vulnerableruralpopulationandthoseinextremepoverty.
• Theadoptionofsupportsystemstostrengthen,developandpromoteproductionandthe
internalmarket,andwhichwill includetechnical/scientificassistance,thesesystemsbeing
designed toenhance theenvironmentally and socially sustainable skills level of the rural,
family-runandcommunity-basedeconomy,therebycontributingtoself-sufficiencyandself-
supply.
• The promotion of local and regional markets that are close to those who produce and
consumeandthatimproveconditionsofaccesstoandavailabilityoffoodinruralareasof
thecountry.
• Theimplementationofcampaignsdesignedtopromotetheproductionandconsumptionof
highlynutritious foodstuffs, theproperhandlingof foodand theadoptionofgoodeating
habits,whichwill take territorialcharacteristics intoaccountandpromotetheproduction
andconsumptionofColombianfoods.
• Inaddition,theprovisionofconditionsandincentivestopromoteproductionandmarketing,
including,wherenecessary,directsupporttostrengthenproductionwiththeaimthat,inthe
rural, family-run and community-based economy, the negative impacts of economic
globalisationandthefreeing-upoftradecanbeavoidedorminimised.
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2.Politicalparticipation:Ademocraticopportunitytobuildpeace
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPrecognisethat:
Within the context of the end of the conflict, building and consolidating peace requires an
expansionofdemocracytoallownewforcestoemergeonthepoliticalsceneinordertoenrich
debate and deliberation concerning the major problems confronting the nation, thereby
strengtheningpluralismandthustherepresentationofdifferentvisionsandinterestsinsociety,
withduesafeguardsforparticipationandinclusioninpolitics.Itisimportanttoexpandandto
qualifydemocracyasaprerequisiteforachievingasolidbasisforforgingthepeace.
Peacebuilding must be addressed by society as a whole and requires the involvement of
everyone,withoutdistinction,andthusitisnecessarytoencourageparticipationanddecision-
making on the part of society as a whole in Colombia; peacebuilding is a right and also a
mandatoryduty,formingthebasisforsettingColombiaontheroadtopeacewithsocialjustice
andtoreconciliation,heedingitspeople'sclamourforpeace.Thisincludesstrengtheningsocial
movementsandorganisationsandprovidingmorerobustspacesforinvolvementinorderthat
citizens can contribute in a positive and effective way, and in order that democracy can be
invigoratedandenhanced.
Takingaccountofthefactthatwomenfacegreatersocialandinstitutionalbarriersintermsof
political participation, as a result of deep-rooted discrimination and inequality, as well as
structural conditions of exclusion and subordination, there will be significant challenges in
guaranteeing their right to participation, and facing up to and transforming these historical
conditions will involve developing affirmative measures that will safeguard women's
participationinthevariousareasofpoliticalandsocialrepresentation.Tothatend,thesituation
andconditionofwomeninallcontextsandinallspecialaspectswillhavetobeacknowledged.
The signing and implementation of the Final Agreementwill contribute to an extension and
consolidation of democracy in as much as it will involve the laying down of arms and the
outlawing of violence as a method of political action for each and every one of Colombia's
citizens,inordertomakethetransitiontoacountrywheredemocracyrules,withfullguarantees
forthosetakingpartinpoliticsandtherebyopeningupnewareasforparticipation.
Inconsolidatingthepeace,itisnecessarytoguaranteepluralism,facilitatingtheconstitutionof
newpoliticalmovementsandpartiesthatwillcontributetothedebateandtothedemocratic
process and will involve sufficient guarantees for the exercising of political opposition and
genuinepoweralternatives.Attheendoftheconflict,democracyrequiresastrengtheningofthe
safeguardsofpoliticalparticipation.
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Peace consolidationalso requires thepromotionofpeaceful coexistence, toleranceandnon-
stigmatisation,ensuringconditionsofrespectfordemocraticvaluesandtherebygreaterrespect
forthoseexercisingpoliticalopposition.
On the one hand, these guarantees will be based on fairer distribution of public resources
designedforpoliticalmovementsandpartiesandgreatertransparencyintheelectoralprocess.
Therewillhavetobeaseriesofimmediatemeasures,especiallyintheregionswhererisksand
threatspersist,andalsoacomprehensivereviewoftheelectoralsystemandthecomposition
and functions of the electoral authorities. On the other hand, therewill have to be greater
guaranteesfortheexercisingofpoliticalopposition.
Thereviewandmodernisationoftheelectoralorganisationandsystemmustmakeprovisionfor
greater participation by citizens in the electoral process. Greater electoral participation
additionallyrequiresinclusivemeasuresthatwillfacilitatetheexercisingofthisright,especially
inoutlyingzonesor zonesaffectedby theconflictandneglect, takingaccountof thespecific
difficultiesofwomenlivinginthesezonesinexercisingthisright.
Peacebuildingfurtherrequirescitizenmobilisationandparticipationinareasofpublicinterest
and,inparticular,intheimplementationofthisAgreement.Thisinvolves,first,thestrengthening
ofguaranteesandcapabilities,inorderthatmaleandfemalecitizensalike,broughttogetherin
different social and political movements and organisations, can carry on their activities and
thereby contribute to the expression of the interests of a pluralist, multicultural society via
differentmeans,includingsocialprotest.
In consolidating citizen participation on the part of women, their social agendas have to be
appreciated and their contribution to public life as political subjects has to be recognised,
especiallyintheareaofthepromotionanddefenceoftheirrights.
Moreover,aguaranteeof citizenparticipation in thediscussionofdevelopmentplans,public
policiesand, ingeneral,mattersaffecting thecommunity shouldhaveadirect impacton the
decision-makingoftherelevantpublicauthoritiesandcorporations.Thus,citizenparticipation
willbecomeagenuinecomplementaryforceand,atthesametime,amechanismofcontrolof
thepoliticalrepresentationandpublicadministrationsystem.
The promotion not only of political pluralism but also social movements and organisations,
particularlyofwomen,youngpeopleandothersectorsexcludedfromtheexerciseofpolitics
and, in general, thedemocratic debate, requiresnew forums for dissemination inorder that
parties,organisationsandcommunities involved inpeacebuildingcangainaccesstospaceon
national,regionalandlocalchannelsandbroadcasters.
Inaddition,peacebuildingrequirestheterritoriesmostaffectedbytheconflictandneglectto
have, inatransitionphase,greaterrepresentationintheCongressoftheRepublic inorderto
ensurethepoliticalinclusionoftheseterritoriesandtheirpeopleandalsotherepresentationof
theirinterests.
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Similarly, it is necessary to create the conditions and to provide the safeguards for the
organisationsthatroseupinarmstobetransformedintopoliticalmovementsorparties,andto
playanactivepart intheshaping,exercisingandcontrolofpoliticalpowerinorderthattheir
proposalsandprojectsmightconstituteapoweralternative.
With a view to complyingwith all the aforesaid, the necessary institutional adjustments and
reviewswilltakeplace,leadingtofullpoliticalandcitizenparticipationinallpoliticalandsocial
sectors,therebyfacinguptothechallengesofpeacebuilding.
2.1. Rights and full guarantees for the exercise of political opposition in general and, in
particular, for the new movements emerging in the wake of the signature of the Final
Agreement.Accesstothemedia.
2.1.1. Rightsandguaranteesfortheexerciseofpoliticaloppositioningeneral
Theexerciseofpoliticsisnotrestrictedexclusivelytoparticipationinthepoliticalandelectoral
system, and for that reason the creationof spaces for democracy andpluralism inColombia
requiresacknowledgementnotonlyoftheoppositionroleofpoliticalmovementsandparties
butalsooftheformsofactionopentosocialandpopularmovementsandorganisationsthat
might in the futurecometoact inoppositionto thepoliciesof thenationalgovernmentand
departmental/municipalauthorities.
Tothatextent,thedefinitionofguaranteesconcerningoppositionrequiresadistinctiontobe
madebetweenapoliticaloppositionrolewithinthepoliticalandrepresentativesystemandthe
activitiesofsocialandpopularmovementsororganisationsthatmightinthefuturecometoact
inoppositiontothepoliciesofthenationalgovernmentanddepartmental/municipalauthorities.
In the case of politicalmovements and parties that declare themselves to be in opposition,
safeguardswillbeenshrined inastatute,whilst inthecaseoftheaforementionedsocialand
popularmovementsandorganisationsitisnecessarynotonlytoguaranteethefullexercisingof
rightsandfreedoms,includingthatofopposition,butalsotopromoteandtofacilitatetheforums
inwhichdemandscanbeaddressed.
2.1.1.1.Statuteofguaranteesfortheexerciseofpoliticalopposition
Theexerciseofpoliticalopposition isa cornerstoneof theprocessofbuildingabroad-based
democracy,peacewithsocialjusticeandnationalreconciliation,particularlyinthewakeofthe
signingofaFinalAgreementthatwillprovidethespacefornewpoliticalmovementsandparties
requiringfullguaranteesfortheexercisingofpoliticstoarise.
Inordertomakeprogressinfulfillingtheconstitutionalobligation(article112)tofullyregulate
therightsofpoliticalpartiesandmovementsthatdeclarethemselvestobeinoppositiontothe
Government,thepoliticalmovementsandpartieswithlegalstatuswillbecalledtogetherinthe
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formofaCommissiontodefinetheoutlineofthestatuteofguaranteesforpoliticalmovements
and parties that declare themselves in opposition. In addition, the following political groups
representingtheoppositionwillbecalledtotakepartintheCommission:theMarchaPatrióticapoliticalmovementandtheCongresodelosPueblospoliticalmovement,andalsotwoexperts
delegatedbytheFARC-EP.TheCommissionwillprovidetheforumsormechanismsforreceiving
inputandproposalsfromotherpoliticalgroupswishingtotakepartinthediscussion.Carewill
be taken to ensure that the parties,movements andother groups called to the Commission
includefemalerepresentation.TheCommissionwillconveneaneventtofacilitateinvolvement
byspokespersons fromthemost representativesocialmovementsandorganisations,experts
andacademia,interalia.Onthebasisoftheseguidelines,theNationalGovernmentwillprepare
abill,withtheassistanceofdelegatesfromtheCommissionofpoliticalmovementsandparties,
whichwillbepresentedfordebatewithinCongressnolaterthanthreemonthsafterreceiving
therecommendationsbytheCommission.
2.1.2.Securityguaranteesfortheexerciseofpolitics
Aspartofamodern,qualitativelynewconceptofsecuritythat,withinthecontextoftheendof
the conflict, isbasedon respect forhumandignity, thepromotionofand respect forhuman
rights, and the defence of democratic values, particularly the protection of the rights and
freedomsofthoseinvolvedinpolitics,andespeciallythosewho,inthewakeoftheendingofthe
armedconflict,becomemembersofthepoliticaloppositionandthushavetoberecognisedand
treatedassuch,theNationalGovernmentwillsetupanewComprehensiveSecuritySystemfor
theExerciseofPolitics(SistemaIntegraldeSeguridadparaelEjerciciodelaPolítica).
Inanend-of-conflictscenario,themaximumpossibleguaranteeshavetobeestablishedforthe
exercisingofpolitics,therebyusingdemocracyasachannelforthesettlementofdisputesand
conflicts, contributing in a decisive manner to the creation of a climate of coexistence and
reconciliation.
TheComprehensiveSecuritySystemisconceivedwithinthecontextofguaranteesofrightsand
freedomsanditseekstoensurethepromotionandprotectionofindividuals,andrespectforlife
andfreedomofthoughtandopinion,therebystrengtheningandconsolidatingdemocracy.
ThisnewComprehensiveSecuritySystemfortheExerciseofPoliticsmusthelptocreateandto
guaranteeacultureofpeacefulcoexistence,toleranceandsolidaritythatdignifiestheexercise
ofpoliticsandoffersguaranteestopreventanyformofstigmatisationorpersecutionofleaders
due to their political activities, personal opinion or opposition. Provisionswill be adopted to
preventthepromotionofsecurityconceptsthat,onanypretext,conflictwiththeobjectivesof
thesystem,theselatterbeingtheprotectionofthelifeofthoseexercisingpoliticsandtheirnon-
stigmatisation for their political activities and ideas. Thenew Systemwill incorporate special
measuresforwomen,andthesearetoincludepositiveevaluationoftheirinvolvementinpublic
life.
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ThenewComprehensiveSystemwill,withinthe institutionsofthestate,politicalmovements
and parties, social movements and organisations and communities in general, further the
promotionofacultureofrespect fordifferenceandan interest inthepreventionofviolence
againstthoseexercisingpolitics.
The Comprehensive Security System for the Exercise of Politicswill include a robust internal
controlmechanismthatwillguaranteethesuitabilityofofficialsandmakeitpossibletoprevent
and,ifnecessary,penaliseanyconductinconflictwiththerightsoftheindividualsthatitiscalled
upontoprotect.
TheComprehensiveSecuritySystemfortheExerciseofPoliticswillbestructuredinkeepingwith
aconceptofsecuritythatfocusesonthe individual, isbasedontheprinciplesofsovereignty,
non-interventionandfreedeterminationofthepeople,andthatallowscoordinationbetween
securitymeasuresandmeasuresaimedatthedevelopmentandwell-beingof individualsand
groupscoveredinthisagreement,andwhichadoptsanequity-andgender-basedapproach.
Furthermore, theGovernmentwill strengthen,concentrateand implementall its institutional
capacity to prevent, dismantle and neutralise, adopting a multi-dimensional approach, any
possible source of violence against those exercising politics and will take every necessary
measuretoensurethatthereisnoresurgenceofparamilitarygroups(seesection3.4).
2.1.2.1.ComprehensiveSecuritySystemfortheExerciseofPolitics
Underthepreceptssetforthabove,theNationalGovernmentwillsetinmotionaComprehensive
SecuritySystemfor theExerciseofPolitics,understandingsecurityasademocraticvalueand
adoptingahumanisticapproach,thatmustinspireactionbythestate.TheSystemmustserveas
effectiveguaranteeoftherightsandfreedomsofthosewhoareexercisingpoliticswithinthe
conceptofdemocraticrules.
TheSystemwillincludethefollowingelements:
a. Appropriateregulationsandinstitutions:
• Creationofahigh-levelunit:
o ThisunitwillsetinplaceaComprehensiveSecuritySystemfortheExerciseofPoliticsand
willguaranteetheimplementation,functioningandsupervisionthereof.
o This unit will be accountable to the Office of the President of the Republic and will
establish mechanisms for ongoing dialogue with political movements and parties,
especiallythoseinopposition,andthenewmovementarisingfromthetransitionofthe
FARC-EP to legalpolitical activity.Themechanismswill include, interalia, a systemof
planning,informationandmonitoring,andafollow-upandevaluationcommission(see
sub-paragraphd).Theunitwillpromoteeffectivedialoguewithwomen.
oThisunitwilloverseethefunctioningofthesystemandwillserveastheprimarylinkwith
otherstateinstitutions,suchastheOfficeoftheOmbudsman(DefensoríadelPueblo),the
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Office of the Attorney General (Fiscalía General de la Nación) and the Office of theInspectorGeneral(ProcuraduríaGeneraldelaNación).
• Areviewoftheregulatoryframeworkforincreasingthepenaltiesforcrimesagainstthose
exercisingpolitics.
• Strengtheningofinvestigativeandjudicialisationcapabilitiesforprosecutingwhoeverposes
a threat to those exercising politics. A specialisation process will be promoted in the
investigationandindictmentstageinordertoincreaseinstitutionalcapacityforcombating
impunity.
b. Prevention:
• EarlyWarningSystem:
o Thesystemmusthaveaterritorial-,equity-andgender-basedapproach.
o Thestatewillhavesufficientfundingforproper,comprehensivefunctioningofthisEarly
WarningSystem.
• Preventivesecuritydeployment:
o Theconceptofcomprehensiveterritorialcontrolthatincludeslinkingupmaleandfemale
citizens in the regions toassist in theprotectionof those involved inpoliticalactivity,
withinthecontextofthepeacebuildingprocess.
• Aninclusive,auditablecoordinationsystem.
c. Protection:
• Aspecialisedprotectionprogrammeformembersofthenewpoliticalmovementarisingfrom
thetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivity,tobeagreedbetweentheFARC-EPand
theNationalGovernment.
• Specialisedprotection,basedonriskevaluation,forthefollowingpersons:thoseelectedby
thepeople, thosewhodeclare themselves inpolitical opposition, and leaders -male and
female-ofpoliticalmovementsandparties.Forthepurposesofinvolvementinpolitics,the
evaluationwilltakeaccountofthespecificrisksfacingthesepersons.
• Riskevaluationwillbedefinedpromptlyandwillbetheresponsibilityofaunitwithinthe
SystemthatwillprovideinputinorderfortheGovernmenttotakepertinentmeasures.The
unitwillhaveregionaland localcapabilitiesandwill includerepresentationfromthenew
political movement arising from the transition of the FARC-EP to legal political activity,
decisionsandactsbeingcoordinatedtherewith.
• TheGovernmentwillhavethenecessaryresourcestoprotecttheintegrityofleaders,men
andwomen,takingpartinpoliticalactivity,withparticularattentiontotheirspecificneeds.
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d. Evaluationandfollow-up:
• Aplanning,informationandmonitoringsystem,whichwillbeinter-institutionalinnatureand
includerepresentationofpoliticalmovementsandparties,willbesetupandwillmake it
possibletoevaluateperformanceandresultsandat thesametimetoadaptstrategyand
procedures in order to guarantee conditions of security in the exercising of politics. This
systemwillincludespecificinformationastorisksandthreatsconcerningtheparticipation
and the political, social and community representation of women. Said system will be
permanently accompanied by international organisations to be agreed on with the new
partiesormovementsarising in thewakeof thesignatureof theFinalAgreementandall
otherpoliticalmovementsandpartieswishingtotakepart.
• Accountabilityintheformofpublicreportspreparedbythehigh-levelunit.
• Acommissionwillbesetuptomonitorandevaluatetheperformanceofthecomprehensive
system forprotectionandProgress in thedismantlingof criminalorganisationsandofall
those that threaten theexercisingofpolitics. TheCommissionwill include representation
frompoliticalmovementsandparties.
• Acommitteewillbesetupandimplementedtoprovideimpetusforinvestigationsintocrimes
againstthoseexercisingpoliticsandespeciallyagainstthoseposingathreattotheopposition.
2.1.2.2. Securityguaranteesfor leadersofsocialmovementsandorganisationsandthose
defendinghumanrights
a. Appropriateregulationsandinstitutions:
• Areviewoftheregulatoryframeworkforincreasingthepenaltiesforcrimesagainstleaders
ofsocialmovementsandorganisationsandthosedefendinghumanrights.
• Strengtheningofinvestigativeandjudicialisationcapabilitiesforprosecutingwhoeverposes
athreattoleadersofsocialmovementsandorganisationsandthosedefendinghumanrights.
• Guaranteesformobilisationandsocialprotest,includingreviewoftheregulatoryframework.
b. Prevention:
• Anearlywarningsystem.
• Preventivesecuritydeployment.
• Acoordinationsystem.
• Raisingtheprofileoftheworkperformedbyleadersofsocialmovementsandorganisations
andthosedefendinghumanrights.
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c. Protection:
• Strengthening the programme for individual and group protection of leaders of social
movementsandorganisationsandthosedefendinghumanrightsandwhofindthemselvesin
asituationofrisk.Theindividualandgroupprotectionprogrammewilladoptanequity-and
gender-basedapproach.
d. Evaluationandfollow-up:
• An inter-institutional system of information andmonitoring that will make it possible to
evaluateperformanceandresults,adaptingstrategyandproceduresinordertoguarantee
conditionsofsecurityforleadersofsocialmovementsandorganisationsandthosedefending
humanrights.Thesystemmustallowforinformationtobebrokendownbygender.
• Accountabilityintheformofpublicreports,afollow-upcommissionandaspecialaudit.
• A committee to provide impetus for investigations into crimes against leaders of social
movementsandorganisationsandthosedefendinghumanrights.
2.2. Democratic mechanisms for citizen participation, including those concerning direct
participation,atvariouslevelsandinvarioussubjectareas
2.2.1.Guaranteesforsocialorganisationsandmovements
Havingregardtotherightofallpeopletoformsocialorganisationsofthemostvariedtypes,to
formpartofsuchorganisationsandtodisseminatetheiragendas,tofreedomofexpressionand
dissent,topluralismandtolerance,tosocialorpoliticalactionthroughprotestandmobilisation,
andtakingaccountoftheneedforapoliticalcultureconducivetopeacefulconflictresolution
andofthestate'sobligationtoguaranteedeliberativeandpublicdialogue,measuresaretobe
adopted to guarantee the recognition, consolidation and empowerment of all social
organisationsandmovementsinaccordancewiththeirsocialactionagendas.
TheNationalGovernmentwillguaranteethepoliticalrightsofallcitizenswho,aspoliticalplayers,
areorganisedintosocialorganisationsandmovements.
Citizenparticipation inmattersofpublic interest, throughthe formationandconsolidationof
differentorganisationsandmovements,isafundamentalpillaroftheconstructionandproper
functioningofdemocracy.
Ademocratic,organisedsocietyisaprerequisiteforbuildingastableandlong-lastingpeace,in
particularwithinthecontextoftheimplementationofthisAgreement.Thus,itisimportantto
actinsuchamannerastostrengthensocialmovementsandorganisationsandespeciallytooffer
guarantees for their involvement and dialogue with the authorities. In addition, on the
understandingthatasocietyinwhichwomentakeanactivepartisamoredemocraticsociety,it
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isimportanttostrengthentheirorganisationsandtoempowerthemasprotagonistswithinsocial
movementsandorganisations.
Allsocialmovementsandorganisations,includingthosearisinginthewakeofsignatureofthis
Agreement, are called up to exercise the rights and to comply with the duties of citizen
participationcoveredherein.
Withtheseaims,theNationalGovernmentwillprepareabillofguaranteesandpromotionof
citizenparticipationandotheractivitiesthatsocialmovementsandorganisationscanenjoy,on
thebasisofthefollowingguidelineswhichwillbediscussedatnationallevelandwillincludethe
participation of spokespersons from the most representative social movements and
organisations:
• Aguaranteeoftherighttotimely,freeaccesstoofficialinformationwithinthecontextofthe
Constitution and of the law, with such legal adaptations as may be necessary for the
implementationoftheagreements.
• Regulationof the right to replyand the right to rectification, for themost representative
social movements and organisations, against false or offensive statements made by the
NationalGovernment.
• Togetherwithsocialmovementsandorganisations,acharacterisationofandregistrationof
formal and non-formal social organisations, with updating of information periodically, in
ordertoidentify,withoutdetrimenttothenatureorautonomythereof,theircapacitiesand
needsandtheexistenceofnetworksandalliancesasabasisforthedevelopmentofpublic
policyorforthemodificationthereof.
• Throughlegalandtechnicalassistance,supportforthecreationandconsolidationofsocial
movements and organisations. Notwithstanding the principle of equality, support will be
givenintheformofextraordinarymeasurestoorganisationsofwomen,youngpeopleand
groupshistoricallydiscriminatedagainst.
• Attherequestofsocialmovementsandorganisations,thepromotionofthesystematisation
andexchangeofsuccessfulexperiencesofconsolidationthereofandtrainingthatenables
them to develop their mission statements, with the support of other organisations and
movementsofasimilarkind,asappropriate.
• Thestrengtheningofmechanismsforthefundingofinitiativesandprojectsspecifictosocial
organisations,throughtransparentpubliccompetitionandwithcitizenoversight.
• Promotionofthecreationofnetworksofsocialmovementsandorganisations,particularlyof
personswhohavebeeninasituationofpoliticalexclusion,togiveahigherprofiletoleaders
andtoguaranteetheircapacityforfulldialoguewiththepublicauthorities.
• Accesstobroadcastingmechanismstohighlighttheworkandtheviewsofsocialmovements
andorganisations,includingairtimeonpublicservicechannelsandbroadcasters.
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• Citizen participation forumswill extend and guarantee,with equal participation between
menandwomen,therepresentationofsocialmovementsandorganisations,citizencontrol
anddialoguewithlocal,municipal,departmentalandnationalauthorities.
• Thedesignofmethodologiesthatcontributetotheeffectivenessandimpactofparticipation
anddialogueforums,includingthoseestablishedinaccordancewiththeirownnature(formal
or non-formal) and specific character. Said methodologies will in particular provide
mechanisms for follow-upand the renderingofaccountsconcerning theagreements that
arisefromtheparticipationforumswithsocialmovementsandorganisations.
• Theprovisionofforumsformonitoringandverifyingcompliancebytheauthoritieswiththeir
obligations, undertakings and guarantees in terms of the establishment, functioning and
efficacy of citizen participation spaces and, in particular, those concerning dialoguewith
socialmovementsandorganisations.
• The creationof a tool thatmakes it possible to assess, to give a higher profile to and to
encouragemanagementofthepublicauthorities,withrespecttotheparticipationofsocial
movementsandorganisations.
• Guaranteed exchange of successful experiences of citizen participation between social
organisationsandlocalandregionalauthorities,inaccordancewiththeparticularfeatures
specifictothevariousterritories.
• Promotionoftheestablishmentofagendasforlocal,municipal,departmentalandnational
work,asappropriate,toallowearlyattentiontobegiventotheapplicationsandproposals
fromthevarioussectorsandthataremadethroughsocialmovementsandorganisations.
• Thelocalauthoritiesmust,inatimelymanner,attendtosuchapplicationsandproposalsand
must forward them to the appropriate destination in order that they can be addressed
promptlyandefficiently.
TheNationalGovernmentwilltakeintoconsiderationandevaluatethefeasibilityofadditional
guaranteeproposalsarisingwithinthecontextofthisnationalparticipationspaceataDialogue
Commission with spokespersons from the most representative social movements and
organisationschosenthroughamechanismdefinedbytheorganisers.Themechanismmustbe
participativeinnatureandguaranteepluralist,balancedrepresentationontheCommission.
We, the National Government and the FARC-EP, have agreed to request that the National
ParticipationCouncil,withsupportfromForoporColombia,VivalaCiudadaníaandtheCINEPorganisethenationalparticipativespacementionedinsection2.2.1.
After signature of the Final Agreement within the context of the Follow-Up Commission
mentioned in Chapter 6, the National Government and the FARC-EP will agree criteria and
guidelines for the implementation of this national participative space, with a view to
guaranteeingpluralist,balancedrepresentationonthebasisoftherecommendationsmadeby
ForoporColombia,VivalaCiudadaníaandtheCINEP.
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Thenationalspacewillbeconvenedandwillmeetwithin60daysofthesignatureoftheFinal
Agreement.Furthertothatwhichisstatedinsection2.2.1., inthe60daysaftertheDialogue
CommissionhasconcludeditsworktheGovernment,onthebasisoftheconclusionsarisingfrom
thenationalspace,willpresentabillonsafeguardingandpromotingcitizenparticipationand
other activities thatmight fall within the remit of socialmovements and organisations. This
undertakingwillbeincludedintheaccorddefiningtheroadmaportimetable.
2.2.2.Guaranteesformobilisationandpeacefulprotest
Mobilisationandpeacefulprotestasformsofpoliticalactionarelegitimatemanifestationsofthe
right to freedom of assembly, freedom of movement, freedom of expression, freedom of
conscienceandoppositionwithinademocracy. Inpractice, theystrengthenpolitical inclusion
andconstituteadrivingforcebehindanationofcitizenswhoarecritical,andwhoareprepared
toenterintosocialdialogueandcollectivelytore-buildthenation.Furthermore,inanend-of-
conflict scenario, different spaces must be guaranteed for channelling citizens' demands,
includingfullguaranteesconcerningdemonstrations,peacefulprotestandpeacefulcoexistence.
Alongside demonstrations and peaceful protests, the rights of those involved and of other
citizensmustbeguaranteed.
The political and social democratisation processes, supported by greater social and popular
participation,willcontributetothestructural transformationofpoliticalcultureandpromote
renewedrespectforpolitics.
With the aim of guaranteeing that such rights can be exercised to their fullest extent, the
Governmentwilldefinethenecessaryregulatorymeasuresandadaptations,basedonthecriteria
givenbelow,plusanyothersthatareagreedwithinthecontextofthespecialcommission,which
willhavesimilarfunctionstothatmentionedin2.2.1.andwhichwill,furthermore,relyonthe
participationofDialogueCommissionspokespersonsandrepresentativesfromotherinterested
sectors.Withinthecontextofaspecialcommission,inputfromthenationalparticipativespace
mentionedinthepreviouspointandalsoinputfromothersectorswillbediscussed:
• Fullguaranteesconcerningmobilisationandpeacefulprotestaspartof theconstitutional
rightto freedomofexpression,peacefulassemblyandopposition, favouringdialogueand
civility when addressing this type of activity, without prejudice to the exercise of the
legitimateauthorityof thestate inaccordancewith international standards regarding the
protectionoftherighttoprotest.
• Guaranteesfortherightsofdemonstratorsandothercitizens.
• The necessary guarantees for exercising the right to freedom of information during
demonstrationandprotest.
• Areviewand,wherenecessary,anamendmentoftheregulationsapplyingtomobilisation
andsocialprotest.
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• Guarantees concerning the application of and respect for human rights in general.
Mobilisationsandprotests,includingdisturbances,willbedealtwithshowingfullrespectfor
humanrightsbythelegitimatestateauthorities,guaranteeingatthesametimetherightsof
theremainingcitizensinabalanced,proportionalmanner.
• The strengthening of oversight and control of the actions and means employed by the
authoritiesindealingwiththistypeofactivity.
• Guaranteesconcerningdialogueasastateresponsetodemonstrationandprotest,through
theestablishmentofdialoguemechanismsandparticipativespacesand,wherenecessary,
mechanisms whereby agreements may be sought, with mobilisation and protest being
addressed democratically; furthermore, there must be mechanisms whereby compliance
withwhatisagreedcanbefollowedup.Decisionsmustalwaysbeforthecommongood.
• MonitoringbytheOfficeoftheInspectorGeneral,theOfficeoftheOmbudsmanandlocal
ombudspersonsintheeventofdemonstrationsandprotests intheirroleasguarantorsof
respect for democratic freedoms, where pertinent, or at the request of those who are
protestingorthosewhoseethemselvesashavingbeenaffected.
Withinthecontextofpublicpolicyconcerningthestrengthening,promotionandguaranteeof
participation on the part of social movements and organisations, the Government will
consolidateandexpand citizens' participative forums fordialogueand for thepreparationof
local, municipal, departmental and national agendas, as appropriate, which will enable the
petitions and proposals originating from the various social organisations and sectors to be
addressedattheearliestopportunity.
2.2.3.Citizenparticipationthroughcommunity,institutionalandregionalmedia
The community, institutional and regionalmediamust contribute to citizenparticipationand
especiallypromotecivicvalues,theacknowledgementofdifferentethnicandculturalidentities,
equality of opportunity between men and women, political3 and social inclusion, national
integrationand,ingeneral,theconsolidationofdemocracy.Citizenparticipationincommunity
mediawillfurthercontributetothebuildingofademocraticculturebasedontheprinciplesof
freedom, dignity and affiliation, and to strengthening communitieswith links based on good
neighbourlinessormutualcollaboration.
Inaddition,inanend-of-conflictscenario,thecommunity,institutionalandregionalmediawill
playapart inthedevelopmentandpromotionofacultureofparticipation,equalityandnon-
discrimination, peaceful coexistence, peacewith social justice, and reconciliation, its content
incorporatingnon-discriminatoryvaluesandrespectfortherightsofwomentoalifefreefrom
violence.
3"Politicalinclusion"isunderstoodtomeanthegreatestpossibleinvolvementonthepartofallcitizensinpublicaffairswithin
thecontextoftheconsolidationofdemocracy,notpoliticalproselytismorpropaganda.
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Tofurtherthesuccessoftheseaims,theNationalGovernmentundertakes:
• Tolaunchnewcompetitionstotenderfortheawardofcommunityradiostations,subjectto
theobjectivecriteriaestablishedinlaw,withanemphasisonthezonesmostaffectedbythe
conflict, thereby promoting the democratisation of information and of the use of the
available electromagnetic spectrum, guaranteeing pluralism in their assignment.
Participation by community organisations, including victims’ organisations, in these
competitionswillbepromoted.
• Topromotethetechnicaltrainingofworkers,bothmaleandfemale,inthecommunityand
also the training and qualification of community communicators and media operators
throughprocessesthatseektoadvancefreedomofexpressionandopinion.
• Toprovidespaceviainstitutionalandregionalbroadcastersandchannelswiththeintention
of publicising the work done by social movements and organisations, including those
involvingwomen, and by communities in general, and also the dissemination of content
relatingtotherightsofvulnerablepopulations,peacewithsocialjustice,andreconciliation,
thereby implementing the plans and programmes agreed within the context of this
Agreement.
• To fund theproductionanddisseminationof contentdesigned toencouragea cultureof
peacewithsocialjusticeandreconciliationonthepartofthepublicserviceandcommunity
media. The allocationwill bemadebymeans of transparent, open competition involving
citizenoversight.
2.2.4.Guaranteesforreconciliation,coexistence,toleranceandnon-stigmatisation,especially
byreasonofpoliticalandsocialactionwithinthecontextofmutualrespect
All citizens, including the parties to this Agreement, must, in the end-of-conflict scenario,
contributetopromotingtheestablishmentofacultureofreconciliation,coexistence,tolerance
andnon-stigmatisation,usingrespectful,dignifiedlanguageandbehaviourintheexercisingof
politics and social mobilisation, and to generate the conditions conducive to consolidating
recognitionanddefenceoftherightsenshrinedintheConstitution.
Withthisaim,theGovernmentwillsetupaNationalCouncilforReconciliationandCoexistence
(Consejo Nacional para la Reconciliación y la Convivencia), which will be composed of
representatives from government, the Office of the Inspector General, the Office of the
Ombudsman, representatives appointed by political movements and parties, including such
movement as may arise from the transition of the FARC-EP to legal political activity, social
movementsandorganisations,particularlythoseinvolvingwomen,theruralpopulation,trade
associations, ethnic minorities, churches, religious faiths, organisations based on faith and
organisationsinthereligioussector,theeducationsector, interalia.TheCouncilwillhavethefunctionofadvisingandmonitoringtheGovernmentinimplementingmechanismsandactions,
whicharetoinclude:
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• The design and implementation of a programme of reconciliation, coexistence and anti-
stigmatisation,withtheinvolvementofterritorial-basedbodies.
• Thepromotionofrespectfordifference,criticismandpoliticalopposition.
• Thepromotionofrespectforlabourinfurtheranceofpeacebuildingandreconciliation,and
differentpoliticalandsocialmovementsandorganisations.
• Thepromotionofrespectfortheworkofsocialandhumanrightsorganisations,particularly
thosemonitoringgovernmentmanagementandthoseopposinggovernmentalpolicy.
• Thepromotionofnon-stigmatisationofgroupsinvulnerablecircumstancesordiscriminated
against, such as women, ethnic peoples and communities, the LGBTI population, young
people, boys and girls and the elderly, disabledpersons, politicalminorities and religious
minorities.
• Thetrainingofpublicofficialsandleaders,maleandfemalealike,fromsocialmovementsand
organisationswithaviewtosafeguardingnon-stigmatisation.
• The provision of teaching and education services concerning the Final Agreement: the
promotionoftrainingandcommunicationprogrammesaimedateducatingcitizensonthis
Agreement, especially concerning agreed designs for political and social participation. A
specialdisseminationprogrammewillbesetupthatwillbeimplementedthroughthepublic
andprivateeducationsystematallitslevels.PublicisingoftheAgreementwillbeensuredat
alllevelsofstate.
• Thedesignandimplementationofmassawareness-raisingcampaignstobuildacultureof
peace, reconciliation, pluralism and free debate of ideas, with a view to consolidating
democracy.
• Thepromotionofreconciliation,coexistenceandtolerance,especiallyinthosepopulations
mostaffectedbytheconflict,takingaccountofthedisproportionateimpactoftheconflict
onwomen.
• Theprovisionoftrainingtosocialmovementsandorganisationsandalsotomaleandfemale
publicofficialsinmanagementpostsatnational,departmentalandmunicipallevels,tohelp
themaddressandresolveconflicts.
• Thecreationofauniversitysubjectmatterintheareaofreconciliationandpeacepolicy.
Councils for Reconciliation and Coexistencewill be set up at territorial levelwith the aim of
advisingandmonitoringlocalauthoritiesinimplementingtheAgreementinsuchamannerasto
takeaccountofterritorialpeculiarities.
2.2.5.Citizencontrolandoversight
Participationbyandcontrolonthepartofcitizens-menandwomen-areessentialforensuring
transparencyofpublicmanagementand theappropriateuseof resources,and for furthering
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measuresaimedatcombatingcorruptionandthepenetrationofcriminalstructuresintopublic
institutions.
Citizencontrolisallthemorenecessaryinanend-of-conflictandpeacebuildingscenariowhere
itwillbenecessarytomakehugeinvestmentstoaccomplishtheobjectivesofthisAgreement
throughout Colombia and especially in the prioritised zones.With the aimof promoting and
consolidatingcitizencontrolanddemocratisationwithgreatertransparencyonthepartofthe
authorities,theNationalGovernmentwill:
• Establishaplantosupportthecreationandpromotionofcitizenoversightandtransparency
watchdogorganisations,withspecialemphasisoncitizencontroloftheimplementationof
thisAgreement.Theplanwillbelaunchedincollaborationwithspecialistorganisationsand
higher education institutions, inter alia, which will provide monitoring and technical
assistanceservices.
• Guaranteesupportforthenationalplantotraincitizenmonitorsselectedbycommunities.
• Createeasy-accessinformationmechanismsatlocal,regionalandnationallevel,withtheaim
ofguaranteeingthepublicisingandtransparencyof implementationofthisAgreement,as
partofasystemofrenderingofaccountsundertheAgreement.
• In the context of a special programme for eliminating and preventing corruption in the
implementationofthisAgreement,createaspecialmechanismforaddressing,processing
andfollowingupreportsandwarningslodgedbycitizensandmovementsandorganisations
concerningpossibleincidentsofcorruptioningeneral,withemphasisonmattersrelatingto
theimplementationofthisAgreement.
• Promote a comprehensive institutional campaign of publicising citizens' rights and the
obligationsanddutiesoftheauthoritiesintheareaofparticipationandcontrolofthepublic
authoritiesbycitizens,andalsotheadministrativeandjudicialmechanismsaimedatensuring
effectivecompliancetherewith.
• Similarly, this campaign will include dissemination of all citizen control and participation
mechanisms,thewayinwhichcitizenscanbeinvolvedinthemandtheirsignificanceinterms
ofagenuinedemocraticlife.
• Strengthen themechanisms for accountability of all popularly elected public servants at
national, departmental and municipal level, and other public entities and companies
providingdomiciliarypublicservices.Inparticular,forumsfordialoguewithinthecontextof
therelevantparticipativespaceswillbepromoted.
• Through professional practices and community intervention projects link up public
universitiesandawareness-raisingcampaignstopromotecitizenparticipationandcontrolby
citizens,bothmaleandfemale.
• Thecitizencontrolandoversightmechanismsenvisagedwillincludeeffectiveparticipation
bywomen.
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2.2.6.Policyforstrengtheningdemocratic,participatoryplanning
The promotion of good participatory planning practices is key to consolidating democracy in
Colombia,especiallywithinthecontextof implementingthisAgreementintheregions,which
willrequireactive,effectivecitizenmobilisationandinvolvement.Withtheaimofstrengthening
participationinthepreparation,discussion,implementationmonitoring,andevaluationofthe
planning and budgeting processes and promoting the impact thereof on administration
decisions,theNationalGovernmentundertakestocarryoutthefollowingactions:
a. A review of the functions and composition of Territorial Planning Councils (ConsejosTerritorialesdePlaneación),inorder:
• Toexpandcitizenparticipationintheformulationofdevelopmentplansandmonitoringof
the implementationandevaluationthereof.Toadoptmeasuresaimedatencouragingthe
compositionoftheTerritorialPlanningCouncilstoguaranteebroad,pluralistrepresentation
based, inter alia, on existing economic, social, cultural, environmental, educational and
communityorganisations,alliancesandnetworks. Itwillbe thesebodies thatwillappoint
theirrepresentativesinsaidunits.
• ToguaranteetheinvolvementoftheCouncilsinthepreparation,discussion,implementation
monitoring,andevaluationofthePlans.Mechanismsaretobesetupfordialoguebetween
themandtheapprovalunits.
• To strengthen involvement on the part of Local Administrative Boards (JuntasAdministradorasLocales)inthepreparationofdevelopmentplans.
• Topromoteconnectionsbetweenthevariousformalandnon-formalparticipatoryplanning
units.
• Tomakesuchregulatoryadjustmentsasarenecessaryfortheconcepts,pronouncements
andmonitoringreportsemanatingfromtheparticipatoryplanningunitstobeaddressedby
thepublicauthoritiesindialogueandexchangeforums.
• ToensurethattheconceptsoftheTerritorialPlanningCouncilsareaddressedbythepublic
authoritiesasamatterofpriority.
• Toconsolidatespacesforexchangeandtherenderingofaccountsbetweentheparticipatory
planning units and the organisations or sectors they represent in order, inter alia, toguaranteethatcitizeninitiativesinplanningmattersareaddressed.
• Tostrengthenthetechnicalcapacitiesoftheparticipatoryplanningforums.
• TopromotefemaleparticipationintheTerritorialCouncils.
b. Theprovisionoftechnicalassistancetothemunicipalanddepartmentalauthoritiesthatso
require,forthepurposesoftheparticipatoryformulationofvariousplanningtools.
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c. Acomprehensive,participatoryreviewoftheparticipationsysteminplanningprocessesand,
inparticular,concerning:
• Connectionsbetweenterritorialandnationalplanningunits.
• The composition and functioning of the National Planning Council, with a view to
guaranteeingbroad,pluralistrepresentation.
• Theeffectivenessofthesystem.
TheNationalGovernmentwillmakethenecessaryadjustmentsastheseemergefromthereview
processatalllevelsoftheparticipatorysysteminplanningprocesses.
d. Consolidationof institutionaldesignsandmethodologywith theaimof facilitating citizen
participationandensuring theeffectiveness thereof in termsof the formulationofpublic
socialpoliciessuchasintheareasofhealth,education,combatingpovertyandinequality,
theenvironmentandculture.Tothatend,theNationalGovernment,incollaborationwith
therelevantsectors,willreviewthesector-basedparticipatoryprocessesandforumsandwill
issue instructions to the respective institutions for the latter to adapt their regulations,
organisation andmethodof operation. TheNationalGovernmentwill adoptmeasures to
facilitatetheeffectiveparticipationofwomeninthisscenario,includingmeasurestomakeit
possibletoovercomeobstaclesconcerningwomen'scarerandreproductiveroles.
e. Consolidationandpromotionofthepreparationofparticipatorybudgetsthattakeaccount
ofgenderandwomen'srightsatlocallevel,withthefollowingaims:
• To promote involvement on the part ofmen andwomen in prioritising a portion of the
investment budget in such a manner as to reflect the conclusions arising from the
participatoryplanningexercises.
• Toprovideincentivesfortheformulationandimplementationofparticipatorybudgets.
• To promote mechanisms for monitoring and accountability in connection with the
participatorybudgetexercises.
2.3. Effective measures to promote greater participation in national, regional and local
politics in all sectors, including the most vulnerable population, under conditions of
equalityandwithguaranteesofsecurity.
2.3.1. Promotionofpoliticalpluralism
Withtheaimofpromotingpoliticalpluralismandtherepresentativenatureofthepartysystem
byextendingtheexercisingoftherightofassociationforpoliticalpurposesandguaranteesfor
ensuring conditions of equal involvement by political movements and parties and thereby
expandingandconsolidatingdemocracy,theGovernmentwillrollout:
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2.3.1.1.Measurestopromoteaccesstothepoliticalsystem
Within the context of the end of the conflict and with the aim of consolidating the peace,
obstacles will be removed and institutional changes implemented in order that political
movementsandpartiescanacquireandretainlegalstatusand,inparticular,inordertofacilitate
the transition of social movements and organisations with a political role towards their
establishmentaspoliticalmovementsorparties. To thatend, the followingmeasureswill be
promoted:
• Freeingthegainingandretentionoflegalstatus(personeríajurídica)forpoliticalmovements
andpartiesfromtherequirementofachievingaminimumthresholdinCongresselections
and,asaresult,redefiningtherequirementsfortheconstitutionofpoliticalmovementsand
parties.Inordertoavoidtheindiscriminateproliferationofpoliticalpartiesandmovements,
a minimum number of affiliates will be required in order for their legal status to be
recognised.
• Designingasystemforthegradualacquisitionofrightsbypoliticalmovementsandparties,
inaccordancewiththeirelectoralperformanceatmunicipal,departmentalandnationallevel.
ThenewsystemwillretaintherequirementswithregardtovotesinelectionsoftheSenate
and/orHouseofRepresentativesintheordinaryconstituenciescurrentlyinexistence,forthe
acquisitionofallrightstofinancing,accesstoresourcesandtoregistercandidatesforelected
officesandcorporations.
• The system will incorporate an eight-year transition arrangement, including funding and
disseminationofprogrammes,topromoteandtostimulatethenewpoliticalmovementsand
partiesofnationalstandingthatbreakthroughontothepoliticalsceneforthefirsttime,as
wellasothersthathavehadrepresentationinCongressandhavelostthatrepresentation.
2.3.1.2.Measuresforpromotingequalconditionsinthepoliticalcontest
Toestablishafairerdistributionofresources,measureswillbetaken:
• Toincreasethepercentagedistributedequallybetweenthepoliticalmovementsorparties
represented in Congress and to increase the level of funding of politicalmovements and
parties.
• Toextendspacesforpublicisingthepoliticalprogrammeofpoliticalmovementsorparties
representedinCongress.
2.3.2. Promotionofelectoralparticipation
Witha view topromotinggreaterelectoralparticipation, theNationalGovernment, together
withthecompetentauthorities,willpromotethefollowingmeasures:
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• Promotion of information, training, teaching and dissemination campaigns to stimulate
electoralparticipationatnationalandregionallevel,withspecialemphasisonthepromotion
of greater involvement on the part of women, vulnerable populations and territories
especiallyaffectedbytheconflictandneglect.
• Implementationofanationwidemass ID-issuancecampaign,prioritisingmarginalisedand
rural zones, particularly those most affected by the conflict and neglect, and providing
measurestofacilitateaccesstothiscampaignbyruralwomen.
• Supportforthemanagementarrangementsofferedbytheelectoralorganisationtostimulate
andtofacilitateelectoralparticipationonthepartofthemostvulnerableandmostisolated
populations(rural,marginalised,displacedpersonsandvictims),andinparticular:
o Promoting a broadly participatory diagnostic exercise with a gender-based approach
concerningtheobstaclesthatfacesuchpopulationsinexercisingtherighttovote,and
adoptingthecorrespondingmeasures.
o Adoptingmechanismstofacilitateaccesstovotingstationsonthepartofcommunities
livinginisolatedandoutlyingzones.
2.3.3. Promotionoftransparency
2.3.3.1.Measurestopromotetransparencyinelectoralprocesses
Withaviewtopromotinggreaterelectoral transparency, theNationalGovernment, together
withthecompetentauthorities,willguaranteetheimplementationofthefollowingmeasures:
• Promotingcampaignstopreventbehaviourthatreducestransparencyinelectoralprocesses.
• Providingmechanismsforfacilitatingcitizenreportingandsettingupasystemforfollowing
uponthem.
• Carryingoutatechnicalauditoftheelectoralcensus,whichwillbenefitfromtheeffective
monitoringandinvolvementofcitizens,menandwomenalike,andofrepresentativesfrom
politicalmovementsandparties.
• Settingupanationalelectoralguaranteetribunalandspecialsectiontribunals inelectoral
districtswhere there is the greatest risk of electoral fraud. The electoral districtswill be
defined inaccordancewith reportingandwarnings receivedby theelectoralorganisation
fromtheauthorities,citizens,non-governmentalorganisationsspecialisingintheoverseeing
ofelectoralprocesses,andpoliticalmovementsandparties,interalia.• Strengtheningthecapacityforinvestigatingandpunishingcrimes,electoraldeficienciesand
criminalinfiltrationintopoliticalactivity.
• Supportingtheadoptionofmeasurestoguaranteegreatertransparency inthefundingof
electioncampaigns.
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• Supportingtheimplementationofelectronicmethodsinelectoralprocesses,withguarantees
oftransparency.
• Promoting the involvementof social organisationsandmovements,or anyother citizens'
organisation,inthemonitoringandcontrolofelectoralprocesses.
• Promotingpoliticalcommunication,educationandtrainingprocessesinpublicmatters.
2.3.3.2.Transparencymeasuresforallocationofgovernmentexpenditureonpublicadvertising
With a view to ensuring transparency in the allocationof government expenditureonpublic
advertising,sothatitisnotusedforelectoralorpartypurposesorforpersonalpromotionorthe
promotion of political projects, especially at election time, the National Government will
promote the necessary regulatory adjustments in order that said expenditure, at national,
departmentalandmunicipallevels,isallocatedinaccordancewithtransparent,objectiveandfair
criteria,likewisetakingaccountoflocalandcommunitymediaandcommunicationspaces.
Inaddition,theregulatoryframeworkmustensurethatsuchexpenditureispublicknowledge,
makingthisknownthroughthepublicationofdetailedreports.
2.3.4. Reformoftheelectoralregimeandorganisation
Toensuregreaterautonomyandindependenceoftheorganisationofelections, includingthe
National Electoral Council (ConsejoNacional Electoral), or such institution asmight act in its
stead,and tomodernise theelectoral systemandmake itmore transparent inorder thus to
providegreaterguaranteesforpoliticalparticipationunderequalconditionsandtoimprovethe
quality of democracy, a special electoral mission will be set up after signature of the Final
Agreement.Themissionwillbecomposedofsevenhigh-levelexperts,themajorityofwhomshall
be Colombian citizens, as follows: one representative from the MOE (Electoral Observation
Mission -MisióndeObservaciónElectoral)andsixexperts tobe selected fromorganisations,
which will include the Carter Center, the Department of Political Science of the National
UniversityofColombia,theDepartmentofPoliticalScienceoftheUniversityofLosAndes,and
the Netherlands Institute for Multiparty Democracy (NIMD). The Mission will start its work
immediatelyafterthesignatureoftheFinalAgreement.
Withinaperiodofsixmonths,theMissionwillsubmititsrecommendationsbased,interalia,ongood national and international practices, the input received from political movements and
partiesandfromtheelectoralauthorities,andtakingaccountofthespecificproblemsfacedby
womenvis-à-vistheelectoralsystem.TheMissionwilladvanceabroad-based,effectiveprocess
of participation with all political parties, movements and groupings in order to obtain the
broadestpossibleconsensusintheproductionoftheFinalReport.TheNationalGovernmentwill
usetheserecommendationstomakesuchregulatoryandinstitutionalchangesasarenecessary.
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2.3.5.Promotionofademocraticandparticipatorypoliticalculture
Thestrengtheningofpoliticalandsocialparticipationgoeshandinhandwithanecessarychange
in political culture in Colombia. To expand democracy and make it more robust, thereby
consolidating the peace, a participatory political culture founded on respect for democratic
values and principles, the acceptance of contradictions and conflicts inherent in a pluralist
democracyandacknowledgementandrespectforone'spoliticalopponentmustbepromoted.
A democratic, participatory political culture must enhance equality between citizens, a
humanisticapproach,solidarityandsocialcooperation,andprovidetransparentmanagementof
publicaffairs,outlawingcronyismandcorruption.Inaddition,itshouldfomentthehandlingof
disputesusingpoliticalmechanisms,andoutlawviolenceasamethodofpoliticalaction.
Advancing towards a democratic, participatory political culture implies the promotion and
safeguardingofthevalueandthesignificanceofpoliticsasameanswherebypolitical,economic,
social, environmental and cultural rights can be fulfilled. A democratic, participatory political
cultureshouldcontributetothegreaterintegrationofthemostvulnerablesectorsofsociety.
Topromoteademocratic,participatoryculture, theNationalGovernmentwill implement the
followingmeasures:
• Promotion of democratic values, political participation and the mechanisms thereof, to
guaranteeandenhanceknowledgeofthemandtheireffectiveuse,therebyconsolidatingthe
exercisingoftherightsenshrinedintheConstitution,doingsobymeansofmediacampaigns
andtrainingworkshops.Specialemphasiswillbeplacedonthemostvulnerablepopulations
suchasruralcommunities,women,religiousminorities,ethnicpeoplesandcommunitiesand
LGBTIgroups.Thecontentofthesecampaignswillincorporatevaluestochallengemultiple
formsofdiscrimination.
• Stepping-upofeducationprogrammesondemocracyatdifferentlevelsofeducation.
• The promotion of political and social leadership programmes for members of social
organisationsandparties.
• Aprogrammetopromotepoliticalparticipationandleadershipbywomen.
2.3.6. Promotionofthepoliticalrepresentationofpopulationsandzonesparticularlyaffected
bytheconflictandneglect
Withinthecontextoftheendoftheconflictandwiththeaimofguaranteeingbetterintegration
ofzonesparticularlyaffectedbytheconflict,neglectand institutionalweaknessandensuring
enhanced political representation and inclusion of these populations and their political,
economic, social, cultural and environmental rights, as a further reparation measure in the
peacebuildingprocess,theNationalGovernmentundertakestosetupinsuchzonesatotalof16
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Special Transitory Peace Electoral Districts (Circunscripciones Transitorias Especiales de Paz,STPED)fortheselectionofatotalof16representativestotheHouseofRepresentatives,ona
temporarybasisandfortwoelectoralperiods.
TheElectoralDistrictswillbecoveredbyspecialrulesconcerningtheregistrationandelectionof
candidates. Likewise, the campaignswill benefit from special funding and access to regional
media.Specialmonitoringmechanismswillbesetuptoensurethetransparencyoftheelectoral
processandtheelectorate'sfreedomtovote.
In any event, candidatesmust be people who regularly live in said territories or have been
displaced from them and are in the process of returning. Candidates may be registered by
significantgroupsofcitizensororganisationsinanelectoraldistrict,suchasruralorganisations,
organisations of victims (including displaced people), and organisations ofwomen and social
sectorsworkingtobuildthepeaceandtoimprovesocialconditionsinaregion,interalia.TheNationalGovernmentwilllaunchprocessestostrengthensocialorganisationsintheseterritories,
inparticularvictims'organisationswithaviewtopromotingtheirparticipationintheelectoral
district.
Candidateswillbeelectedbycitizensfromthesameterritories,notwithstandingtheirrightto
takepartintheelectionofcandidatestotheHouseofRepresentativesintheordinaryelections
held in their departments. Parties represented in the Congress of the Republic orwith legal
status,includingthepoliticalpartyormovementthatarisesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EP
tolegalpoliticalactivity,maynotregistercandidatesfortheseelectoraldistricts.
Theelectoralorganisationwillpayparticularattentiontomonitoringtheelectoralcensus,the
registrationof candidates and the financingof campaigns, guaranteeing compliancewith the
established rules. Additional control and supervision systems will be promoted by specialist
organisations such as the Electoral ObservationMission (MOE) and the political parties and
movements.
2.3.7. Promotion of women's political and citizen participation within the context of this
Agreement
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPacknowledgetheimportantroleplayedbywomenin
thepreventionandresolutionofconflictsandintheconsolidationofpeace,andalsotheneedto
promote and to strengthenwomen's political and citizen participation evenmorewithin the
contextof theendof the conflict. Their leadershipandparticipationonanequal footingare
necessary and essential in terms of public decision-making processes and the formulation,
implementation,evaluationandmonitoringofgovernmentpoliciesaimedatachievingastable
andlong-lastingpeace.
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPrejectanyformofdiscriminationagainstwomenand
reaffirm that their contribution as political subjects in public life is vital for strengthening
democracy and for maintaining and fomenting the peace. In implementing all that which is
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agreedinChapter2ofthisAgreement,thegender-basedapproachwillbeguaranteedandthe
necessary affirmative measures will be designed and adopted to strengthen women's
participationandleadershipand,ingeneral,topromotefulfilmentoftheaforesaidproposals.
Thestrengtheningofwomen'spoliticalandcitizenparticipationonanequalfootingincludesthe
adoptionofmeasuresthatwillguaranteebalancedrepresentationofmenandwomeninshaping
all the forums referred to herein. Likewise, balanced participation and leadership bywomen
withinsocialmovementsandorganisationsandpoliticalpartiesmustbepromoted.Withtheaim
ofraisingawarenessofwomen'srightsandpromotingnewleadershiprolesforthem,training
programmesaretobeimplementedconcerningtheirpoliticalrightsandformsofpoliticaland
citizenparticipation.
Theaforesaidhasnobearingonthedutytostepupcompliancewithinternationalundertakings
andregulationsandalsonationalregulationsinthisarea.
2.3.8. Creationofanewspaceforprovidingmediaaccesstopoliticalmovementsandparties
Tosupplementthatwhichisagreedwithinthecontextofsections2.2and2.3concerningmedia
access for social movements and organisations and political movements and parties,
respectively,theGovernmentundertakestoprovideaclosedinstitutionalTVchanneldesigned
forpoliticalmovementsandpartieswithlegalstatusforthepurposesofthedisseminationof
theirpoliticalplatformswithinthecontextofrespectforideasanddifference.Thischannelwill
also be a way in which to provide information on the work of victims’ organisations, social
movementsandorganisations,topromoteademocraticcultureofpeaceandreconciliationand
ofnon-discriminatoryvalueswithrespectfortherightofwomentoalifefreeofviolence,and
alsotopubliciseprogressmadeintermsofimplementingtheplansandprogrammesagreedwith
thecontextofthisAgreement.
Acommissionwillsetupwithrepresentativesfromthemostrepresentativepoliticalmovements
andpartiesandsocialmovementsandorganisationstoadviseonschedulingforthechannel.
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3.EndoftheConflict
3.1. Agreement between the National Government and the FARC-EP on the Bilateral and
DefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilitiesandtheLayingdownofArms
Inimplementingsub-items1,"BilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities"and
2,"LayingdownofArms"ofChapter3,"EndoftheConflict"ofthe"GeneralAgreementtoEnd
theArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeace"signedinHavana,Cuba,on26August
2012,theGovernmentoftheRepublicofColombia(NationalGovernment)andtheRevolutionary
Armed Forces of Colombia - People's Army (FARC-EP) hereby enter into the following
agreements:
InfulfilmentofandundertermsofthatwhichisagreedinChapter2,"Politicalparticipation:a
democraticopportunitytobuildpeace",theNationalGovernmentreaffirmsitscommitmentto
theimplementationofmeasuresconducivetofullpoliticalandcitizenparticipationinallpolitical
and social sectors, includingmeasures to guarantee citizen participation andmobilisation in
matters of public interest and also measures to facilitate the formation of new political
movementsandparties,withdueguaranteesforparticipationunderconditionsofsecurity.
Furthermore,theNationalGovernmentreaffirmsitscommitmenttothatwhichwasagreedin
sections3.4.and3.6.ofChapter3,"EndoftheConflict",whichincludethecreationofanew
Comprehensive security system for theexerciseofpolitics, in the termsagreed inChapter2,
"Politicalparticipation",aspartofamodern,qualitativelynewconceptofsecuritythat,within
thecontextoftheendoftheconflict,isbasedonrespectforhumandignity,thepromotionof
andrespectforhumanrightsandthedefenceofdemocraticvalues,inparticulartheprotection
oftherightsandfreedomsofthoseinvolvedinpolitics,especiallyofthosewho,aftertheendof
thearmedconfrontation,makethetransitionintoapoliticalmovementandmustthereforebe
acknowledgedandtreatedassuch.
Inaddition,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPconfirmtheircommitmenttocontributing
totheemergenceofanewculturethatoutlawstheuseofarmsintheexerciseofpoliticsandto
workingtogethertoachieveanationalconsensusinvolvingallpolitical,economicalandsocial
sectors,makeacommitmenttotheexerciseofpoliticswherethevaluesofdemocracy,freedom
ofideasandcivilizeddebateareparamountandwhereintoleranceandpoliticalpersecutionare
outlawed.Thiscommitmentformspartoftheguaranteesconcerningnon-recurrenceofactsthat
contributedtothearmedconfrontationbetweenColombiansforpoliticalreasons.
Lastly, the National Government and the FARC-EP commit to compliance with that which is
agreed herein concerning the Bilateral and Definitive Ceasefire and Cessation of Hostilities
(BDCCH)andLayingdownofarms(LA),towhichendaroadmapwillbepreparedthatwillcontain
themutualundertakingswherebywithin180daysofthesignatureoftheFinalAgreementthe
processofthelayingdownofarmswillhavebeencompleted.
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3.1.1. Introduction
3.1.1.1.Definitions
BilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH):
ThedefinitiveendoftheoffensiveactionsbetweentheColombianStateArmedForces(which
includeboththeMilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice)andtheFARC-EP,hostilitiesandany
behaviour prohibited under the annex to the rules governing the BDCCH. The Bilateral and
DefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)willcommenceondayDathourH.
Layingdownofarms(LA):
Thisisatechnical,traceableandverifiableprocedurewherebytheUnitedNations(UN)receives
allFARC-EPweaponry,whichwillbeusedtoconstructmonuments.
3.1.1.2.Objective
The objective of this Agreement concerning the BDCCH and LA is the definitive cessation of
offensiveactionsbetweentheColombianStateArmedForces(whichincludeboththeMilitary
ForcesandtheNationalPolice)andtheFARC-EPand,ingeneral,thehostilitiesandanyaction
mentionedundertherulesgoverningtheBDCCH,includinganyconducthavinganadverseeffect
on the general population, thereby creating the conditions for the commencement of
implementation of the Final Agreement and the Laying down of arms and preparing the
institutionalframeworkandthecountryforthereincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivilianlife.
3.1.1.3.Provisionofinformation
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPshallprovideinformationgraduallyatthepointsin
time agreed, in such level of detail as is appropriate, in order to facilitate the planning and
implementationof:1.TheworkoftheMonitoringandVerificationMechanism(MVM);2.Budget
andlogistics;3.Securityandpresenceinthefield;4.FulfilmentoftasksinherenttotheBDCCH
process;5.TheLayingdownofarms;and6.TheReincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivilianlife.
3.1.1.4.AnnouncementandcommencementoftheBDCCHandLA
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPwillmakepublic,nationallyandinternationally,that
whichhasbeenagreed:"ThedefinitiveendoftheoffensiveactionsbetweentheColombianState
ArmedForcesandtheFARC-EP,hostilitiesandanybehaviourprohibitedundertheprotocolon
the rules governing the BDCCH and the LA in this agreement. The Bilateral and Definitive
CeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andtheLAprocesscommenceondayDathour
H".
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Oncetheaforesaidannouncementhasbeenmade,areasonabletimescalewillbeestablishedfor
implementationoftheMVMandfortheappropriatepresenceinthefieldoftheColombianState
ArmedForcesandtheFARC-EP.
3.1.1.5.Disseminationandcommunication
Upon signature of the BDCCH and LA Agreement, precise instructions will be given to the
ColombianStateArmedForcesandFARC-EPstructuresforthemtoimplementthenecessaryacts
forthecommencementoftheBDCCHandLA.
3.1.1.6.Timeline
The National Government and the FARC-EP have agreed to establish a logical order for
implementation of BDCCH and LA activities. To that end, they will implement that which is
establishedintheannexedtimeline,whichtakesasreferenceeventsordatespriortoorafter
dayDandhourH.
Theprocedures forand the termsof implementationof thisAgreementaredescribed in the
followingannexesandprotocols:
a. BDCCHandLAintroduction
• Theprovisionofinformation
• Disseminationandcommunication
• Timeline
b. RulesgoverningtheBDCCHandLA
c. MonitoringandVerification
• DeploymentoftheMVM
• FlowofinformationfromtheMVM
• Managementofstrategiccommunications
• ObservationandrecordingoftheMVM
• CoordinationoftheMVM
• CodeofconductformembersoftheMVM
• Resolutionofcontroversies
• MandateoftheMVM
• Supervisionofweaponry,munitionsandexplosives
d. Presenceinthefield
• PresenceintheFieldandZones
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• Movementroutes,coordinationofmovementsinthefield
e. Security
• SecurityformembersoftheMMV
• SecurityfordelegatesandpublicofficialsregardingtheBDCCHandLA
• SecurityformembersofFARC-EP
• SecurityforcivilianpopulationduringtheBDCCHandLAintheTLZNsandTLPNs
• SecurityformovementsofFARC-EPtowardtheTLZNsandTLPNs
• SecurityfortheTLZNsandTLPNsduringtheBDCCHandLA
• Securityforthehandling,storage,transportandcontrolofweaponryduringtheBDCCHand
LA
f. Logistics.
• Logistics
g. Layingdownofarms.
• Identification
• Recordal
• Collection
• Storage
• Finaldisposalofarms
ThislistofprotocolsmaybechangedasagreedbetweentheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-
EP.
3.1.2.RulesgoverningtheBDCCHandLA
TherulesgoverningtheBDCCHandLAareall thosearisingfromthisAgreementthatseekto
prevent the BDCCH and LA from being violated, either by the civilian population or by the
opponentsintheconflict.
The rules governing the BDCCH and LA aim to identify actswhich lead to a violation of the
ceasefire,andthemonitoringofsuchactsisattheverycoreoftheMVM'smandate.
Therelevantannex,whichformsanintegralpartofthisAgreement,clearly identifiestheacts
thattheColombianStateArmedForcesandtheFARC-EPundertakenottocommit.
3.1.3. Monitoringandverification
For thepurposesof implementing thisAgreement, aMonitoringandVerificationMechanism
(MVM)responsibleforverifyingcompliancetherewithandtheadministrationofvariousfactors
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thatmay jeopardise theBDCCHand LA, and inparticular verifying compliancewith the rules
governingtheBDCCHandLAwillbesetup.Thefunctions,proceduresandscopethereofare
establishedintheMVMmandate.
Thisisaflexible,efficientandrapidmechanismthatwillenhancethetransparencyandcredibility
ofandconfidenceintheBDCCHimplementationprocess.
TheinternationalcomponentoftheMVM(IC-MVM)willverifytheLAunderthetermsofand
withthedueguaranteesestablishedintheprotocolstotheAgreement.
Ithasastructurecomposedofthreeunits,oneatnationallevel;eight(08)regionalverification
structures;andlocalmonitoringstructuresestablishedinspecificareas.
The MVM will be a tripartite technical mechanism composed of representatives from the
NationalGovernment(ColombianStateArmedForces,which includeboththeMilitaryForces
and theNationalPolice), theFARC-EP,andan international componentcomprisingapolitical
missionwithunarmedUNobserversmadeupprincipallyofobserversfromthememberstates
oftheCommunityofLatinAmericanandCaribbeanStates(CELAC).
Inallunits,theinternationalcomponentleadstheMVMandisresponsibleforsettlingdisputes,
submittingrecommendationsandgeneratingreports,inaccordancewiththeguidelinesgivento
itinordertoguaranteeandsupporttheimpartialityandtransparencyoftheBDCCHandLA.
Thenumberofmonitoringteamswilldependonthefollowingcriteria:areas,numberofpeople
andweaponrytobemonitored,andtopographyandriskfactorsineachzonespecifiedforsaid
purpose.
TheMVMwillestablishlinkswithsocialandpoliticalorganisationsandwithcommunities,and
alsowithstateinstitutionsatlocal,regionalandnationallevelandthesemaycontributetoits
workbyprovidinginformation,byassistinginthedisseminationof itsreportstothepublicat
largeandbysubmittingproposalsandsuggestions.
3.1.3.1.ResolutionofdisputesfortheBDCCHandLA
Regional units and theNationalVerificationunit are responsible for confirming and verifying
incidentsinvolvingorviolationsofthisBDCCHandLAAgreementinaccordancewithinformation
documented by monitoring teams and also submitting recommendations to the National
GovernmentandtheFARC-EP,withaviewtopreventingorcorrectingactsorfactsdetrimental
totheBDCCHandLA.
3.1.4. DeploymentofunitsinthefieldandZones
For the purposes of compliance with the BDCCH and LA Agreement and also to further
preparationsfortheprocessofeconomic,politicalandsocialreincorporationoftheFARC-EPinto
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civilian life in accordancewith its interests, as stated in sub-item2of Item3of theGeneral
Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace, the National
Government and the FARC-EP agree to set up 20 Transitional Local Zones for Normalisation
(ZonasVeredalesTransitoriasdeNormalización-TLZNs),andsevenTransitionalLocalPointsforNormalisation(PuntosVeredalesTransitoriosdeNormalización-TLPNs).
FromdayD+1,theColombianStateArmedForceswillreorganisethearrangementsoftroopsin
ordertofacilitatethemovementoftheFARC-EPstructurestosaidzonesandtocomplywiththe
BDCCHandLAAgreement.
Meanwhile,fromdayD+5,thevariousmissions,commissionsandTacticalCombatUnits(TCUs)
ontheFARC-EPfrontswillmovetowardssaidpreviouslyagreedTLZNsandTLPNsfollowingthe
itinerariesestablishedbymutualagreementbetweentheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-
EP.
AlltheaforesaidwillbemonitoredandverifiedbytheMVMinaccordancewiththemandatefor
said mechanism, the text of this Agreement and the protocols agreed by the National
GovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
3.1.4.1.TransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)
These aim to guarantee the BDCCH and LA and to initiate the preparatory process for the
economic, political and social reincorporation of the FARC-EP structures into civilian life in
accordancewiththeirinterests,asestablishedinItem3,sub-item2,oftheGeneralAgreement,
andthetransitiontolegalstatus.
TheseZonesare transitional, temporaryand territorial-based,andaredefined,delimitedand
pre-agreedbytheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP,withmonitoringandverificationby
theMVMwhichwillhavelocalmonitoringteamsforeachofsaidTLZNs.
TheTLZNsareinlocationsselectedbymutualagreementandareaccessibleviaroadorriver;
theirboundariescorrespondtothoseoftheruralsettlement(vereda)wheretheyarelocated,and theymay be extended or reduced bymutual agreement, depending on the size of the
settlement where they are located. They are of a reasonable size to allow monitoring and
verificationbytheMVMandcompliancewiththeobjectivesoftheTLZNs,geographicalfeatures
orcharacteristicsoftheterrainservingasreferences.
InimplementationoftheBDCCHandLAagreement,theColombianStateArmedForcesandthe
FARC-EPalikemustcomplywiththerulesgoverningtheBDCCHandLAandalsootherchapters
ofandprotocolstotheBDCCHandLAAgreement.TheMVMhasunlimitedaccesstotheTLZNs
stipulated in Annex X to this agreement and to units of the Colombian State Armed Forces
secondedforthearrangementsstipulatedinAnnexYtothisAgreement.
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ToguaranteecompliancewiththisAgreement,ongoingcommunicationshallbesetupbetween
theMVMandthedelegatesappointedbytheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
WhilsttheTLZNsareinoperation,theFARC-EPwillbeanswerablefortheircombatantsinside
thoseZones.FARC-EPcombatantsshallleavethecampsunarmedandincivilianclothing.
Once FARC-EP members are in the TLZNs, the National Government will suspend orders to
captureallmembersof theFARC-EPfound insidesaidthesaidZones,afterdelivery fromthe
FARC-EPofalistoftheirmemberspresentineachTLZN.
MembersoftheFARC-EPwho,undertheAmnestyLaw,havebenefitedfromreleasefromprison
will, if they so desire, be integrated in said Zones in order to continue the process of
reincorporation into civilian life. To this end, accommodation outside of the camps shall be
organisedinsidetheTLZNs.
DuringthetermoftheBDCCHandLVagreement,theFARC-EPwillappointagroupof60oftheir
members(menandwomen)whocan,atnationallevel,bemobilisedtofulfiltasksinconnection
withthePeaceAccord.Likewise,foreachTLZN,theFARC-EPwillappointagroupof10oftheir
memberswho,atmunicipalanddepartmentallevel,canbemobilisedtofulfiltasksinconnection
withthePeaceAccord.Forthepurposesofthesemovements,FARC-EPmemberswillbenefit
fromthesecuritymeasuresgrantedbytheNationalGovernment,forwhichpurposetherewill
betwoprotectionteamsperZonetocoversuchmovements.DeparturesfromtheZoneswillbe
thejointresponsibilityofFARC-EPcommanders.
The FARC-EP members appointed for the tasks mentioned in the above paragraph must
previouslyhavestoredtheirweaponsincontainerssubjecttoIC-MVMverification.AnyFARC-EP
memberwishingtoleaveaTLZNtoreceiveemergencymedicalattentionorspecialistmedical
treatmentnotavailablewithinaTLZNmustalsostoreanyweaponsincontainers.
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EParecommittedtothisAgreementbeingimplemented
without limiting in anyway the normal functioning of the non-armed civilian authorities, of
economic,politicalandsocialactivityintheregions,oflifeincommunities,intheexercisingof
theirrightsandalsointhoseofsuchcommunal,socialandpoliticalorganisationsasarepresent
acrossthecountry'sterritories.
Full effectivenessof the ruleof lawwithin theTLZNs is guaranteedand for thatpurpose the
functioningof thecivilianauthoritieswillbemaintainedwithout restriction.The (non-armed)
civilianauthoritiespresentintheZoneswillremainandwillcontinuetocarryontheirfunctions
therein,notwithstanding thatwhich is agreed in theBDCCH.TheTLZNsmaynotbeused for
politicaldemonstrations.
Thenon-armedcivilianauthoritiesmayentertheTLZNswithoutrestrictiononapermanentbasis,
except the area of the camps where the FARC-EP structures are located. Each TLZN has a
receptionareaforattendingtoanypersonswhomightarrive.
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Nomembersofthecivilianpopulationmaybepresentinsaidcampsorentersaidcampsatany
time.
ForthedurationoftheTLZNs,permissionforthecivilianpopulationwithinthemtocarryand
possessweaponsissuspended.
TheMVMistaskedwithmonitoringandverifyingcompliancewiththeprotocolsagreedbythe
NationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPfortheTLZNsandunitsoftheColombianStateArmed
ForcessecondedforthearrangementsstipulatedinAnnexYtothisAgreement.
ShouldanyactbecommittedorcircumstancearisewithinaTLZNthatrequiresthepresenceof
theNationalPolice,oranyotherarmedauthorityofthestate,theMVMwillbeinformedinorder
that it might coordinate entry in accordance with the protocols agreed by the National
GovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
ThenumberofcampswithineachTLZNagreedbytheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPis
determinedbytheconditionsoftheterrainandthenumberofcombatantswithinit.Inanyevent,
campswillbelocatedsuchthattheMVMisabletofulfilitsfunctionofmonitoringandverifying
theBDCCHandLAagreement.
Inimplementingthepreparatoryprocessforthereincorporationofitscombatantsintocivilian
life,theFARC-EPmay,incoordinationwiththeNationalGovernment,provideFARC-EPmembers
withintheTLZNswithanytypeoftraininginproductivetasksandwithinstructiontoraisetheir
basicprimary,secondaryortechnicallevelofeducation,inaccordancewiththeirowninterests.
Meanwhile,within theTLZNs, theNationalGovernment, inagreementwith theFARC-EP,will
implementmeasuresandactivitiesinpreparationforreincorporationandalsootheractivities
thatarenecessarytofacilitatethetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalstatusandtoguaranteewell-
being intheTLZNs,whichmay include, interalia,healthservices, ID-issuancedays,andotheractivitiesinpreparationforreincorporation.
TheMVMwillsetupalocalheadquartersforeachTLZNinalocationthatenablesittofulfilits
functionsefficientlyandeffectively.
3.1.4.2.SecurityZone
A Security Zone will be established around each TLZN where there may be no units of the
ColombianStateArmedForces(whichincludeboththeMilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice)
orFARC-EPoperatives,withtheexceptionofmonitoringandverificationteamsaccompaniedby
policesecuritywhencircumstancessorequire.Eachpoliceintervention,otherthaninconnection
withtheMVM,requiredinaSecurityZonemustbecoordinatedinadvancewiththeMVMand
inaccordancewiththeprotocolsagreedbetweentheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
ThewidthoftheSecurityZonearoundeachTLZNisonekilometre.
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3.1.4.3.TheestablishmentofCampZonesandmovementroutes
TheTLZNsarelistedinAnnexX1tothisAgreement.
UnitsoftheColombianStateArmedForcessubjecttomonitoringandverificationbytheMVM
arelistedinAnnexYtothisAgreement.
3.1.4.4.Commencementofmovement
OndayD+1,adelegate fromtheNationalGovernmentandadelegate fromtheFARC-EPwill
deliverthecoordinatesofthelocationofunitsoftheColombianStateArmedForcesandofthe
FARC-EPtotheIC-MVMinorderforthenecessarymeasurestobeadoptedtoallowmovement
oftheFARC-EPstructurestotheTLZNsinasafeandsecuremannerunderMVMmonitoringand
verification.
SuchmovementsmaybeaccompaniedbytheMVMiftheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-
EPsowish.
3.1.4.5.Airspace
FromdayD,theuseofairspacewillbeasfollows:
OvertheTLZNsandSecurityZonesmilitaryflightswillberestrictedtoanaltitudeof5,000feet.
Intheeventofanyaccident,publiccatastropheormedicalemergency,civilianaircraftmayflyin
theseareassubjecttoMVMcoordinationwiththeNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
3.1.5.Security
That security is an overarching obligation of the BDCCH and LA is a given founded on the
principlesofrespectforlifeandhumandignity,andtheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP
havetogetherdefinedsecurityprotocolsthatcomprehensivelyminimisepotentialthreatsthat
mightaffectorharmpersonsandassetsundertheBDCCHandLA.
The security conditions implemented from commencement of the BDCCH and LA guarantee
protection for members of the monitoring and verification team, members of the FARC-EP,
delegatesfromNationalGovernment,theColombianStateArmedForces(which includeboth
theMilitary Forces and the National Police) and other parties involved in the process. Also
coveredisthecoordinationofmovementsandarrangementsinthefield.
SecurityinthecaseofFARC-EPweaponry,munitionsandexplosivesduringtheBDCCHandLA
formspartoftheimplementationofsecurityprotocolscoveringtransportation,handling,storage
andcontrolthereof.
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TheBDCCHandLAsecuritymeasuresrequireofthestatethenecessarycapacitytoguarantee
securityandeffectiveimplementationoftheactivitiesinvolvedinthisprocessandtoprevent,
breakdownandeliminateanycircumstancethatmightjeopardiseit.
TheBDCCHandLAsecuritymeasureslikewiserequireoftheFARC-EPthefulfilmentofaspects
concerningthem.
Likewise,throughtheColombianStateArmedForces,theNationalGovernmentwillcontinueto
safeguardconditionspromotingthecoexistenceandsecurityof thecivilianpopulationduring
thisprocess.
The security protocols agreed are based on a concept of security in which people and
communitiesareitscentralfocusandrelyoncomprehensive,appropriatepreventionofthreats
wherebyanyrisksthatmightaffectBDCCHandLAundertakingsmightbemitigated.
ToassistinimplementationofsecuritymeasuresintheBDCCHandLA,thefollowingprotocols
havebeenjointlydrawnuptocreateaclimateofsecurityandtrustamongstthoseinvolvedin
thisprocess:
• SecurityformembersoftheMMV
• SecurityfordelegatesandpublicofficialsregardingtheBDCCHandLA
• SecurityformembersofFARC-EP
• SecurityforcivilianpopulationduringtheBDCCHandLAintheTLZNsandTLPNs
• SecurityformovementsofFARC-EPtowardtheTLZNsandTLPNs
• SecurityfortheTLZNsandTLPNsduringtheBDCCHandLA
• Securityforthehandling,storage,transportandcontrolofweaponryduringtheBDCCH
andLA
3.1.6. Logistics
Thiscoversallelementsdesignedtomeet thespecificneeds identifiedbetweentheNational
GovernmentandtheFARC-EPintermsoffulfilmentofallaspectsrelatingtotheBDCCHandLA
Agreement.
Locally, the MVM has a logistics section coordinated by a member of the international
component.Thistripartitesectionofthelocalunitisresponsiblefordefiningaspectsconcerning
the logistics necessary for the functioning of the TLZNs; in addition, it is responsible for
guaranteeingappropriateandtimelyarrivalofsuppliestosuchzones.
Protocols under this heading specify in detail the criteria identified and commitmentsmade
concerningeachstepinthelogisticalsupplyprocess.
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3.1.7. Layingdownofarms(LA):
This is a technical, traceable and verifiable procedure whereby the UN receives all FARC-EP
weaponryandchannels ittotheconstructionofthreemonuments,approvedbytheNational
GovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
TheLAbytheFARC-EPisanorganised,traceableandverifiableprocesstakingplaceintwostages,
called Control ofWeaponry and Laying down of Arms,which involve the following technical
procedures: recordal, identification,monitoring and verificationof thepossession, collection,
storage,removalandfinaldisposal.
• Recordal: this is the technical procedure of recording the amount and type of weapons
receivedfromtheFARC-EPbytheIC-MVM.
• Identification:thisisthetechnicalprocedureallowingclassificationoftheFARC-EP’sarmsby
theIC-MVM.ThisprocedureinvolvesonlytheindividualarmscarriedbyFARC-EPmembers
insidethecamps.
• Monitoringandverificationofpossession:eachFARC-EPmemberremaining intheZones
carriesanindividualarmwithinthecamp.TheIC-MVMmonitorsandverifiespossessionof
thisweaponryonthebasisofrecordalandidentificationbytheIC-MVM.ThereareIC-MVM
representativesinsidethecampsonapermanentbasis.
• Collection:thisisunderstoodasthetechnicalprocedurewherebytheIC-MVMreceivesall
theFARC-EParmsinaccordancewiththeproceduresdetailedherein.
• Storageofweaponry:ineachZone,insideoneofthecamps,thereisapointforstoringthe
weaponryreceivedbytheIC-MVMindedicatedcontainers.Thislocationmaybeaccessed
onlybytheIC-MVM,whichcarriesoutongoingmonitoringandverification.
• Removalofweaponry:thistechnicalprocedure,undertheresponsibilityoftheUN,consists
inthephysicalremovalofweaponryfromtheZones.Thelocationofthisweaponrywillbe
determinedbetweentheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP,inconjunctionwiththeUN,
andwillbechannelledtotheconstructionofthreemonuments.
• Finaldisposalofweaponry:thisisunderstoodasthetechnicalprocedurewherebyFARC-EP
armsareusedtoconstructthreemonuments,namely:oneatUnitedNationsheadquarters,
anotherintheRepublicofCuba,andanotherinColombiaatalocationtobedeterminedby
thepoliticalorganisationthatemergesfromthetransformationoftheFARC-EP,inagreement
withtheNationalGovernment.
3.1.7.1.Procedure
SignatureoftheFinalAgreementwillinitiatetheprocessoftheLayingdownofArmsbytheFARC-
EP,asfollows:
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ForthepurposesofplanningandpreparingthelogisticalaspectsoftheLA,fromdayD+5the
FARC-EPwillprovidetheIC-MVMwithsuchinformationasthelatterdeemstobenecessaryfor
the transport, recordal, identification, monitoring and verification of possession, collection,
storage,removalandfinaldisposal.
TheFARC-EPwillcontributeinvariousways,includingthesupplyofinformation,withtheclearing
and decontamination of areas where there are anti-personnel mines (APMs), improvised
explosivedevices(IEDs),andunexplodedordnance(UXO)orexplosiveremnantsofwar(ERW)in
general, taking into account that agreed in Chapters 4 and 5 and the item relating to
ReincorporationintocivilianlifeinconnectionwithFARC-EPinvolvementinmineclearance.
DayD+5seesthestartofmovementofFARC-EPunitstotheTLZNsandthetransportofindividual
weaponry.TheMVMwillmonitorandverifythisprocedure.
DayD+7todayD+30willbetheperiodfortransportingindividualweapons,militiaweaponry,
grenadesandmunitionsbyFARC-EPmemberstowardstheTLZNs,inaccordancewiththesecurity
protocolforthetransportofweaponry.TheMVMwillmonitorandverifythisprocedure.
Onarrival of FARC-EPmembers at the Zones the IC-MVMwill commence theprocedure for:
recordalandstorageindedicatedcontainersofindividualweaponsfromtheFARC-EPmembers
whoareleavingtofulfilpeace-processtasksandtheFARC-EPmemberssecondedtotheMVM.
Likewise,theIC-MVMwillbeginmonitoringandcontrolofpossessionofindividualweaponsby
theFARC-EPmembersremaininginsidethecamps,onthebasisofrecordalandidentificationof
suchweapons.
Individualweapons,grenadesandmunitionsenteringthecamps,includingmilitiaweapons,will
remainintemporaryweaponstoresundertheresponsibilityoftheFARC-EPuntildayD+60when
theywillbestoredindedicatedcontainers.Thisprocedurewillbemonitoredandverifiedbythe
IC-MVM.
ToensureeffectivecontrolofweaponryineachZone,therewillbeasinglestoragepointwithin
oneof thecampswhere thecontainersunderongoingmonitoringandverificationby the IC-
MVMarelocated,inaccordancewiththeprotocolsbetweentheNationalGovernmentandthe
FARC-EP.
TheperiodfromdayD+10todayD+60willseethedestructionofunstableweaponrykept in
dumps (caches) previously located by geo-referencing, in fulfilment of the security protocols
definedforthispurpose.TheIC-MVMwillconfirmtheimplementationofthisprocedure.
ThecollectionofindividualweaponrystillinthepossessionofmembersoftheFARC-EPinside
thecamps in theZonesand itsstorage incontainerswill takeplacesequentiallyand in three
phases, as follows: Phase 1 - D+90, 30%; Phase 2 - D+120, 30%; and Phase 3 - D+150, the
remaining40%.Thiswillbeinaccordancewiththeroadmap(timelineofevents)agreedbythe
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NationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPthatwillguidetheprocessofEndingtheConflictafter
signatureoftheFinalAgreement.
When theweaponry has been deposited (day D+150), theUnitedNationswill complete the
process of removing the weapons no later than day D+180, in accordance with the agreed
procedures, andwill certify fulfilment of this process bymeans of an announcement to the
NationalGovernmentandtothegeneralpublic.
DayD+180willmarktheendof theperiodofoperationof theseZonesandtheBilateraland
DefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities.
TheMVMwillconfirmandnotifyeachoneofthephasesoftheaboveprocedureforthelaying-
downofarms.
3.2.ReincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivilianlife–ineconomic,socialandpolitical
matters–inaccordancewithitsinterests
ThedelegatesoftheGovernmentoftheRepublicofColombia(theNationalGovernment)and
theRevolutionaryArmedForcesofColombia–People’sArmyconsiderthat:
Laying the foundations for building a stable and long-lasting peace requires the effective
reincorporationoftheFARC-EP intothesocial,economicandpolitical lifeofthecountry.The
processofreincorporationconfirmsthecommitmentoftheFARC-EPtocontributetotheendof
thearmedconflict,becomealegalpoliticalentityanddecisivelycontributetotheconsolidation
ofthenationalreconciliation,peacefulco-existenceandguaranteesofnon-recurrence,andto
transform the conditions that allowed violence across the country’s territories to arise and
persist.FortheFARC-EP,thisisanindicationoftrustinColombiansocietyandinparticularinthe
state,insofarasitisexpectedthatalltheagreementsreachedinthesetofagreementsthatform
theFinalAgreementshallbeeffectivelyimplementedunderthetermsagreed.
The reincorporation into civilian life shall be a comprehensive, sustainable process of an
exceptionalandtransitorynaturewhichtakesintoaccounttheinterestsofthecommunityofthe
FARC-EP, itsmembers and their families, aimed at strengthening the social fabric across the
country’s territories as well as coexistence and reconciliation among the inhabitants;
furthermore, it is aimed at developing and deploying socially productive activities and local
democracy. The reincorporation of the FARC-EP is based on the recognition of individual
freedomsandfreeexerciseoftheindividualrightsofallthosewhoarecurrentlymembersofthe
FARC-EP and in the process of reincorporation. The reincorporation provided for in this
agreementshallbecomplementarytotheagreementsalreadymade.Everycomponentofthe
reincorporation process shall have an equity-based approach, with a particular emphasis on
women’srights.
InaccordancewithwhathasbeenestablishedintheAgreementontheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peace(JurisdicciónEspecialparalaPaz,SJP),withrespecttothosepersonswhobelongtorebel
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organisations thathavesignedapeaceagreementwith theGovernment, for thepurposesof
reincorporation,thesentencesresultingfromcrimesthatarethejurisdictionoftheTribunalfor
Peace (Tribunal para la Paz) imposed by ordinary or disciplinary courts shall remain with
suspensiveeffect,untilthesesentenceshavebeenprocessedbytheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace
asregardsitsjurisdiction.
3.2.1.Politicalreincorporation
ThetransitionoftheFARC-EPfromanarmedorganisationtoanewlegalpoliticalmovementor
party, which benefits from rights and complies with the obligations and duties inherent to
constitutionalorder,isanessentialconditionforendingthearmedconflict,buildingastableand
long-lastingpeaceand, ingeneral,forstrengtheningdemocracyinColombia.Tothatend,the
necessaryguaranteesandconditionsshallbeadoptedtofacilitatethecreationandfunctioning
ofthenewpartyorpoliticalmovementthatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegal
politicalactivity,afterthesigningoftheFinalAgreementandthelayingdownofarms.
In view of all the foregoing and as a development of the political component of the
reincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivilianlife,inaccordancewithitsinterests,ascoveredinthe
GeneralAgreement,thefollowingspecialrulesareagreed:
3.2.1.1.Guaranteesforthenewpoliticalmovementorparty
• Legalstatus
UponsigningtheFinalAgreement,theNationalElectoralCouncil(ConsejoNacionalElectoral)willprocesstheregistrationapplicationsubmittedbythepoliticalgroupofcitizensinfullexerciseof
theirrights,whichhastheaimofpromotingthecreationofthefuturepoliticalmovementor
partythatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticallife.
Whentheprocessforthelayingdownofarmshasbeenfinalized,theplenipotentiariesofthe
FARC-EPattheNegotiationTable(MesadeConversaciones)shallformallydeclareandregisterat
theNationalElectoralCouncilthedecisiontotransformintoapoliticalmovementorparty,the
actofconstitution,itsregulations,theethicscode,theideologicalplatformandtheappointment
ofitsofficers.Byvirtueofthisformalact,thepoliticalmovementorparty,withthenamethatit
adopts,shallberecognisedforallpurposesandunderequalconditions,asapoliticalmovement
orpartywith legal status (personería jurídica), and theNationalGovernment shallprocess in
advanceanylegislativereformsthatmayberequired.
The political movement or party thus recognised must comply with the requirements for
preservationoflegalstatusandshallbesubjecttothegroundsforlossthereofasprovidedfor
otherpoliticalmovementsandpartiesinaccordancewiththeConstitutionandthelaw,except
for accreditationof a certain numberofmembers, presentation at political contests and the
obtaining of a minimum voting threshold, during the period of time between its date of
registrationand19July2026.
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• Fundingandtechnicalassistance
• Operation
Asameasure to facilitate the transitionof theFARC-EP to legalpoliticalactivity, thepolitical
movement or party that it forms shall receive an annual allowance, between its date of
registration and 19 July 2026, equivalent to the average received by the political parties or
movementswithlegalstatusfortheiroperationintheelectionspriortothesigningoftheFinal
Agreement.Theseresourceswillbeused inaccordancewiththerulesapplyingtoallpolitical
partiesandmovements.
Moreover, in order to contribute to the financing of the Centre for political thought and
education (3.2.2.2) andthedisclosureanddisseminationof its ideologicalandprogrammatic
platform, it shallbeassignedasumequivalent to7%of theannualbudgetallocation for the
operationofpoliticalmovementsandpartiesbetweenitsdateofregistrationand19July2022.
TheabovesumsshallnotaffecttheamounttobedistributedbytheFundtotheotherpolitical
movementsandpartieswithlegalstatus.
The Government shall promote that international cooperation is used to support, with the
requiredguaranteesoftransparency,thedevelopmentoftheinfrastructurenecessaryforthe
constitutionandinitialfunctioningofthenewpoliticalmovementorpartythatemergesfrom
thetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivityandforthetrainingofitsleaders.Resources
frominternationalcooperationmaynotbeusedforelectoralcampaigns.
• Electioncampaigns
ThecampaignsofthecandidatesforthePresidencyandtheSenateoftheRepublicregisteredby
thepoliticalmovementorpartythatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpolitical
activity,toparticipateintheelectionsin2018and2022,shallbefundedpredominantlybythe
state in accordance with the following rules: i) In the case of presidential campaigns, the
appropriatestatefundingshallbegrantedtocandidatesthatmeettherequirementsofthelaw,
in accordance with the provisions applicable to said campaigns; ii) In the case of Senate
campaigns,candidatesshallreceiveanticipatedstatefundingequivalentto10%oftheexpenses
limit fixed by the electoral authority; iii) the above state funding shall not be subject to
reimbursement,providedthatthefundsallocatedhavebeenusedforthepurposesestablished
bylaw.
• Accesstomedia
ThepoliticalmovementorpartythatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpolitical
activity shall have access to space on media under the same conditions as other political
movementsandpartieswithlegalstatus,inaccordancewiththeapplicationoftheregulationsin
force.
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• Security
Thenewpoliticalmovementanditsleadersandmembersshallhavespecialsecurityguarantees
withintheframeworkoftheComprehensiveSecuritySystemfortheExerciseofPolitics(SistemaIntegraldeSeguridadparaelEjerciciodelaPolítica)agreedundersection2.1.2.1.,aswellastheguaranteesagreedundersection3.4.
3.2.1.2.Politicalrepresentation
a. CongressoftheRepublic
AfterthesigningoftheFinalAgreementandthe layingdownofarmsbytheFARC-EP,and in
ordertofacilitateitstransitiontolegalpoliticalactivityandtoensureasituationtopromoteits
ideological platform, theNationalGovernment shall put in place the constitutional and legal
reformsnecessarytoensure,onatemporarybasis,thepoliticalrepresentationintheCongress
oftheRepublicofthenewpoliticalmovementorparty,duringtwoconstitutionalperiodsasfrom
20July2018:
• Itmayregistersinglelistsofitsowncandidatesorincoalitionwithotherpoliticalmovements
and/or parties with legal status, for the ordinary electoral district for the Senate of the
Republicandforeachoftheordinaryterritorial-basedelectoraldistrictsinwhichtheHouse
ofRepresentativesiselected.
• Theselistsshallcompeteunderequalconditionsinaccordancewiththeordinaryrulesforall
oftheseatselectedineachelectoraldistrict.IntheSenate,aminimumof5seatsshallbe
guaranteed,includingthoseobtainedinaccordancewiththeordinaryrules.IntheHouseof
Representatives, a minimum of 5 seats shall be guaranteed, including those obtained in
accordancewiththeordinaryrules.Forthispurpose,intheHouseofRepresentatives,aseat
shallbeassignedtoeachofthe5liststhatobtainthemostvotesandhavenotobtaineda
seat.
FromtheentryintoforceoftheFinalAgreement,thepoliticalgroupformedwiththeobjectof
promoting the creation of the future political movement or party that emerges from the
transition of the FARC-EP to legal political life shall appoint 3 spokespeople in each of the
chambers(SenateandHouseofRepresentatives),whomustbecitizensinfullexerciseoftheir
rights,exclusivelysothattheycanparticipateindebatesonthelegalorconstitutionalreform
bills dealt with by means of the Special Legislative Process for Peace that is the subject of
Legislative Act 01 of 2016. These spokespeople must be called to all sessions in which the
corresponding draft legislative acts or laws are discussed andmay intervene with the same
powersastheCongressmenand-womenduringthelegislativeprocedure,apartfromthevote.
TherequirementsforcarryingouttheirworkshallbedefinedinconjunctionwiththeMinistryof
theInterior.
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b. ParticipationintheNationalElectoralCouncil
ThepoliticalmovementorpartythatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpolitical
activitymayappoint,onatemporarybasis,adelegatebeforetheNationalElectoralCouncil,who
willhaveavoicebutnotavoteandmayparticipateinthedeliberationsofthatbody.
c. Reformsforthedemocraticopportunitytobuildpeace
The implementation of the reforms decided in the Agreement on “Political participation: A
democratic opportunity to build peace” constitutes an essential condition for ensuring a
sustainableprocessofreincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivilianlifeinpoliticalmatters.Within
theprocessestablishedinLegislativeAct01of2016,priorityshallbegiventothepresentation
andapprovaloftheStatuteofOppositionandthereformoftheelectoralsystem.
3.2.2.Economicandsocialreincorporation
3.2.2.1.Organisationforeconomicandsocialcollectivereincorporation
Inordertopromoteaprocessofeconomiccollectivereincorporation,theFARC-EPshallsetupa
joint social and economic solidary organisation called Social Economies of the Common
(EconomíasSocialesdelComún,ECOMÚN).Thisentity,whichwillbesubjecttotherulescurrently
inforcefororganisationsofthistype,shallcovertheentirecountryandmayhaveterritorial-
basedsections.ThecurrentmembersoftheFARC-EPmayjointhisentityonavoluntarybasis.
TheGovernmentshallfacilitatethelegalformalisationofECOMÚNbyprovidingfundingforlegal
andtechnicaladviceanddefininganexpeditedandextraordinaryprocedureforitsconstitution.
WithintheframeworkoftheNationalReincorporationCouncil,guidelineswillbeestablishedto
guaranteethecoordinationoftheworkofECOMÚNwiththevariouscompetentauthorities.
3.2.2.2.Centreforpoliticalthoughtandeducation
Thepoliticalgroupofcitizensinfullexerciseoftheirrights,whichhastheaimofpromotingthe
creationofthefuturepoliticalmovementorpartythatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-
EPtolegalpoliticalactivityshallestablishacentreforpoliticalthoughtandeducation,asanot-
for-profitinstitution,forthepurposeofadvancingsocialstudiesandresearchanddesigningand
advancingpoliticaleducationprograms.Tothatend,agreementsmaybemadewithpublicand
privateentitiesandinternationalcooperation.
3.2.2.3. Institutional organisation - National Reincorporation Council (Consejo National deReincorporación,NRC)
TheNationalReincorporationCouncil(NRC)shallbecreated,comprisingtwo(2)membersofthe
Governmentandtwo(2)membersoftheFARC-EP,inordertodefinetheactivities,establishthe
timelineandmonitorthereincorporationprocess,inaccordancewiththetermsagreedwiththe
Government.Therewill likewisebepeerTerritorialReincorporationCouncilsundertheterms
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andconditionsandwiththefunctionsdefinedbytheNRC.TheseCouncilsshallbesetupwhen
the Final Agreement is signed. The NRC may call upon institutions, social organisations or
internationalbodiesincarryingoutitsfunctions.
3.2.2.4.Accreditationandtransitiontolegalstatus
After the Transitional Local Zones for Normalisation (Zonas Veredales Transitorias deNormalización,TLZNs)andtheTransitionalLocalPointsforNormalisation(PuntosTransitoriosdeNormalización,TLPNs)havebeensetup,theFARC-EP,viaadelegateexpresslyappointedforthatpurpose,shallsubmittotheNationalGovernmentalistofallofthemembersoftheFARC-EP.
ThislistshallbereceivedandacceptedbytheNationalGovernmentingoodfaith,inaccordance
withtheprincipleof legitimateexpectations,notwithstandthecorrespondingverifications. In
drawing up this list, the FARC-EP shall be responsible for the veracity and accuracy of the
information contained therein. The Government shall provide the necessary conditions for
drawingupthe lists inprisonsandshallprovidethe informationat itsdisposalat thevarious
institutionsofthestate.
Forthepurposesofaccreditation,oncetheFARC-EPhassubmittedthelistofallmemberswhich
makeupitsorganisation,includingthemilitias,theNationalGovernmentshallbegintheprocess
of reviewing and corroborating the information contained therein. It shall present its
observationstotheFARC-EPandiftheyarenottakenintoaccountajointdiscrepancyresolution
mechanism shall be established for reviewing these cases, within the framework of the
CommissionforMonitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementationoftheFinalAgreement
(CMPVI).Theforegoingiswithoutprejudicetotheacceptanceofotherpeopleincludedonthe
listinrelationtowhomobservationswerenotpresented.
Anexpediteprocedurewillbeestablished foraccreditationandtransitionto legality fornon-
armedmembersoftheFARC-EP.Thepersonsaccreditedwillhavetheirjudicialstatusdefinedby
beinggrantedapardonthroughthelegalinstrumentsinforceiftheAmnestyLawisnotyetin
force.Theywillbereleased,albeitatthedisposaloftheSJP,iftheyareaccusedofcrimesthat
maynotbesubjecttoamnestyundertheAmnestyLawagreedtointheFinalAgreement.Allthe
provisionsestablishedinthe"Agreementof20August2016"thatarefavourabletothemwillbe
appliedtothemtofacilitatetheimplementationofthetimetablefortheprocessoflayingdown
ofarmsundertheAgreementof23June2016.
AsaresultofthecommitmentbytheFARC-EPtoendtheconflict,laydownarms,notreturnto
using arms, comply with the agreements and make the transition to civilian life, once the
members of the FARC-EP have laid down arms and confirmed the commitment of the
organisation,theyshallreceivetheirrespectiveaccreditationfromtheNationalGovernmenton
thebasisofthelistsubmittedbytheFARC-EP.
AccreditationshallbegrantedonthebasisoftheroadmapagreedbytheGovernmentandthe
FARC-EPforthetransitionofthemembersoftheFARC-EPtolegalstatus.
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The National Government shall receive and accept the definitive list, by means of a formal
administrativeact,nolaterthandayD+180,notwithstandingthepreviousaccreditationstobe
madeincompliancewiththeroadmapagreedforthatpurpose,forsubsequentaccreditationsin
accordance with that which is agreed within the framework of the SJP. Under exceptional
circumstancesandwithpriorjustification,theFARC-EPshallincludepersonsonthelistorexclude
themfromit.ThenamesincludedshallbesubjecttoverificationbytheNationalGovernment.
ThefinallistshallincludeallofthemembersoftheFARC-EPwhetherornottheyaredeprivedof
theirliberty.
ThisaccreditationshallbenecessaryinordertoaccessthemeasuresagreedfortheFARC-EPin
theFinalAgreement,notwithstandingthatwhichwasestablishedintheagreementcreatingthe
Special Jurisdiction for Peace. In any case, access to reincorporation measures demands a
commitmenttoresponsibilitywithregardtotheAgreementsandtheirgoals.Rightsandduties
withintheframeworkoftheprocessofreincorporationwillbesetoutindetailbytheNational
ReincorporationCouncil.
3.2.2.5.ReincorporationforminorswhohavelefttheFARC-EPcamps
MinorswhohaveleftthecampsoftheFARC-EPsincethebeginningofthepeacetalksaswellas
thosewholeaveduringtheprocessofthelayingdownofarmsshallbethesubjectofspecialcare
andprotectionmeasureswhichwillbediscussedintheNationalReincorporationCouncilwithin
theframeworkoftheCommissionforMonitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementation
oftheFinalAgreement(CMPVI)andwhichwillincludetheguidingprinciplesthatwillapplyto
minorsand theguidelines fordrawingup theSpecialProgramme inaccordancewithwhat is
establishedinJointCommuniquéNo.70of15May2016toensurerestitutionoftheirrightswith
anequity-basedapproach,prioritisingtheiraccesstohealthcareandeducation.Theseminors
willbeaccordedalltherights,benefitsandallowancesestablishedforthevictimsoftheconflict
aswellasthosederivingfromtheirprocessofreincorporationinthetermscontemplatedinthis
FinalAgreementandprioritywillbegiventofamilyreunificationwhereverpossible,andtofinal
placementinhomesintheiroriginalcommunitiesorothersofasimilarnature,whilstatalltimes
taking into account the best interests of the child. Follow-up of these programs shall be
conducted by the National Reincorporation Council to coordinate with the competent state
bodies,withthesupportofsocialorspecialistorganisationschargedwithcarryingoutoversight
inthetermsofJointCommuniquéNo.70.TheSpecialReincorporationProgrammeforminors
mustbepreparedbytheNationalReincorporationCouncilwithinamaximumof15daysfrom
whentheFinalAgreementissigned,basedontheproposalsubmittedbythetechnicalcommittee
createdbymeansofJointCommuniquéNo.70.Whentheprogrammehasbeenapproved,the
NationalGovernmentwillprocess theamendments to the rulesnecessary toguarantee their
implementation, always taking into account the best interests of the child and International
HumanitarianLaw.
Theprogrammemustguaranteethefullreincorporationoftheminorandhisorherpsycho-social
accompaniment,withtheoversightofsocialorspecialistorganisationsinthetermssetoutin
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Joint CommuniquéNo. 70, aswell as the location ofminors at temporary reception sites in
municipalities near the TLZNs, guaranteeing the right to information for all participants,
particularlychildrenandadolescents.
3.2.2.6.Identificationofneedsfortheprocessofeconomicandsocialreincorporation
a. Socioeconomiccensus:
Withinsixty(60)daysfollowingthestartoftheTLZN,asocioeconomiccensusshallbeconducted
forthepurposeofprovidingtheinformationrequiredtofacilitatetheprocessofcomprehensive
reincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivilianlifeasacommunityandasindividuals.TheNRCshall
definethecontentofthecensus,thewayinwhichitisconductedandthesafekeepingandproper
useoftheinformation.TheNationalUniversityofColombia(UniversidadNacionaldeColombia)shallberesponsibleforconductingthecensus.
b. Identificationofsustainablesociallyproductiveprojectsandprograms
Onthebasisoftheresultsobtainedfromthecensus,potentialsociallyproductiveprojectsand
programswillbe identified soas tobring together thegreatestnumberpossibleofmenand
womenwhoarecurrentlymembersoftheFARC-EP.Participationinprogramsandprojectsfor
environmentalprotectionandhumanitariande-miningshallmeritparticularattention.
c. Developmentandimplementationofsustainablesociallyproductiveprojectsandprograms
�
EverymemberoftheFARC-EPintheprocessofreincorporationwillhavetherighttoone-time
economicsupporttostartanindividualorcollectivesociallyproductiveproject,inthesumof8
millionColombianpesos.
• ProgramsandprojectswithECOMÚN
Asaone-off,aFundshallbesetupviaECOMÚNfortheimplementationofproductionandservice
projects for the economic and social reincorporation process, the viability of which shall be
previouslycheckedbytheNRC.Thefundscorrespondingtopeoplewhodecidetoparticipatein
collective projects (see paragraph c. of section 3.2.2.6) through ECOMÚN, that have been
identifiedandhad theirviabilitycheckedshallbe transferredby theNationalGovernment to
ECOMÚN,nolaterthanthirty(30)daysaftereachprojecthasbeendeemedviable.Thevalueof
thefundshalldependonthetotalnumberofallowancesforthecurrentmembersoftheFARC-
EP that have selected this option. In any case, ECOMÚN will submit to the NRC regular
performancereportsonresourcescomingfromthestate.
• Individualprojects
The members of the FARC-EP in the process of reincorporation who wish to start socially
productiveorhousingprojectsonanindividualbasis,theviabilityofwhichhasbeencheckedby
theNRC,shallbeallocatedtheone-offsumindicatedabovebytheNationalGovernment.
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3.2.2.7. Guaranteesforasustainablesocialandeconomicreincorporation
• Basicincome
EverymanorwomanwhoiscurrentlyamemberoftheFARC-EP,fromtheendoftheTLZNsand
for twenty-four (24)months, shall receive amonthly basic income equivalent to 90% of the
MinimumMonthlyLegalWage(SalarioMínimoMensualLegalVigente,MMLW),providedthat
theydonothaveacontractualrelationshipthatgeneratesincomeforthem.
Afterthisdate,amonthlyallowanceshallbegrantedinaccordancewiththeregulationsissued
for this effect and which is not less than that which has been in force, provided that the
beneficiaryconfirmsthathe/shehascontinuedhis/hereducationinlinewiththereincorporation
aims.Fortheforegoing,theGovernmentshallsetupatrustfund.For itspart,ECOMÚNshall
provide its members with advice and assistance in the process of selecting educational
institutions.
• One-offnormalisationallowance
EverymanorwomanwhoiscurrentlyamemberoftheFARC-EPshallreceive,attheendofthe
TLZN,aone-offnormalisationallowanceequivalentto2millionColombianpesos.
• Socialsecurity
Thesumscorrespondingtothesocialsecuritypaymentsintermsofhealthcareandpensionsin
accordance with the regulations in force for people who are not engaged in remunerated
activities shall be guaranteed by the National Government, whowill set up a trust fund for
performanceofthepaymentsfor24months.ECOMÚN,foritspart,shalladviseitsmemberson
the selection of social security institutions that provide these services. In exceptional
circumstances,incasesofserious,high-costillnessesandtherehabilitationofinjuriesderiving
fromtheconflict,theGovernmentwillestablishaspecialsystemwithnationalandinternational
cooperation,withintheframeworkoftheNRC,toattendtothemfor36months.
• Socialprogrammesorplans
Inaccordancewiththeresultsofthesocioeconomiccensus,theplansorprogrammesnecessary
tosafeguardthefundamentalandbasicrightsofthepopulationthatisthesubjectofthepresent
agreement shall be identified, such as rights to: formal education (primary and secondary,
technicalandtechnological,university)andeducationforworkandhumandevelopment,aswell
asvalidationandstandardisationofknowledgeandskills;housing;culture,recreationandsport;
environmentalprotectionandregeneration;psychosocialsupport;reunificationoffamilyunits
andextendedfamiliesandelderlypersons, includingmeasures fortheprotectionandcareof
childrenofmembersoftheFARC-EPintheprocessofreincorporation.
The acts andmeasures that can initiate implementation of each of these programs shall be
definedatthestartoftheprocessofthelayingdownofarmsintheTLZN.
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ProgrammesofthisnatureshallbesafeguardedbytheNationalGovernmentundertheterms
andforthedurationdefinedbytheNRC.Theaboveiswithoutprejudicetostateprogrammes
intended for the full reparation of victims of the conflict. To ensure their effective
implementationanddeploymentinthecountry'sterritories,thestart-upofthesaidprogrammes
will be based on the institutional resources available to the National Government and the
ColombianStateagenciescompetentforthispurpose,withoutprejudicetoaccesstootherlegal
resources.
The identificationofprojectsandmechanismsenablingaccesstohousing, includingself-build
projects,shallmeritprioritytreatmentandshallbenefitfromspecialattentionandsupportby
theGovernment.
• Educationforpeace
TheFARC-EPshallappointthreespokespersonsforeachTLZNandTLPNfromthetenmembers
of theFARC-EPwhoareauthorisedtomobiliseatmunicipal level, inordertopromotepeace
educationworkinthecouncilsofthemunicipalityinquestion.Inthecaseofthedepartmental
assemblies, that work shall be promoted after prior discussion between the NRC and the
respectiveassembliesandgovernors.
3.2.2.8.Otherresourcesforeconomicreincorporationprojects
The economic resources provided by international aid, the private sector, foundations and
multilateralbodiesforprojectsfortheeconomicreincorporationofthecurrentmembersofthe
FARC-EPintocivilianlife,aswellastheresourcesfortechnicalcooperationforsuchprojects,shall
not diminish the amounts to which the preceding points refer, i.e. they shall increase the
economicresourcesmadeavailablebytheNationalGovernmentfortheimplementationofthe
reincorporationagreement.
3.3.Obligationsoftheex-guerrillacommanderswhoaremembersofthegoverningbodiesof
thenewpoliticalforcethatemergesfromthetransitionbytheFARC-EPtolegalitytoensure
theproperimplementationandstabilityoftheFinalPeaceAgreement
Theex-guerrillacommanderswhoaremembersofthegoverningbodiesofthenewpoliticalforce
thatemergesfromthetransitionbytheFARC-EPtolegalitywillberequiredtoactivelycontribute
toensuringthesuccessoftheprocessoffullreincorporationoftheFARC-EPtocivilianlife.For
thatpurpose,amongotherobligationsderiving fromtheFinalAgreement, theywillcarryout
tasksofexplainingthesaidAgreementandresolvinganyconflictsthatmayarisewithregardto
the fulfilment of the Final Agreement in any municipality in the country among the former
membersoftheFARC-EPoramongmembersofthenewpoliticalmovement.
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3.4.“Agreementonguaranteesofsecurityandthefightagainstcriminalorganisationsand
criminalactsthatareresponsiblefororthatbringabouthomicidesandmassacresthatattack
humanrightsadvocates,socialmovementsorpoliticalmovementsorthatthreatenorattack
personstakingpartintheimplementationoftheaccordsandpeacebuilding,including
criminalorganisationsthathavebeenlabelledassuccessorsofparamilitarismandtheir
supportnetworks”
Thecontentofthisagreementalso includesItem3.6“GuaranteesofSecurity”oftheGeneral
AgreementtoEndtheArmedConflict.Thisagreementdiscussesmeasuresforclarificationofthe
phenomenonofparamilitarismestablished in Item3.7of theGeneralAgreement to End the
ArmedConflict,inadditiontowhathasalreadybeenagreedinChapter5onVictims,inparticular
withtheTruth,CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommission,withitbeingnecessarytoadopt
themeasuresdiscussedinthepresentAgreementinordertocomprehensivelyachievethisaim.
Starting from what is established in the Agreement in Chapter 2 in relation to Political
Participation,whichdefinessecurityas:“amodern,qualitativelynewconceptofsecuritywhich,
inanend-of-conflictscenario,isbasedonrespectforhumandignity,thepromotionandrespect
ofhumanrightsandthedefenceofdemocraticvalues,inparticulartheprotectionoftherights
and freedomsof thoseengaged inpolitics, especially thosewho,after theendof thearmed
conflict,becomepoliticalopponentsandthereforehavetoberecognisedandtreatedassuch,
and the National Government shall establish a new Comprehensive Security System for the
ExerciseofPolitics(SistemaIntegraldeSeguridadparaelEjerciciodelaPolítica).”
Chapter2oftheAgreementalsoestablishesthat“TheComprehensiveSecuritySystemforthe
ExerciseofPoliticsshallbestructuredinlinewithaperson-centredsecurityconcept,basedon
the principles of sovereignty, non-intervention and self-determination of peoples, andwhich
makes it possible to coordinate the securitymeasures with themeasures for collective and
individualwelfareanddevelopmentdiscussedinthepresentagreement”,andestablishesthat
anequity-basedandgender-basedapproachwillbetaken.
Lastly, Chapter 2 of the Agreement establishes that the security guarantees are a necessary
condition for consolidating the construction of peace and coexistence, and in particular for
ensuring the implementation of the plans and programmes agreed herein, ensuring the
protectionofcommunitiesandcommunityleaders,ofhumanrightsadvocates,ofpoliticaland
social movements and parties, and especially of the new political party or movement that
emerges fromthetransitionof theFARC-EPto legalpoliticalactivity,aswellas themembers
thereofintheprocessofreincorporationintocivilianlife.
Inordertomeettheseaims,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPundertakethefollowing:
• TheNationalGovernment shall ensure the implementationof themeasuresnecessary to
effectivelyandcomprehensivelyintensifytheactiontakenagainstcriminalorganisationsand
criminalactsthatareresponsiblefororthatbringabouthomicidesandmassacresthatattack
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humanrightsadvocates,socialmovementsorpoliticalmovementsorthatthreatenorattack
persons taking part in the implementation of the accords and peacebuilding, including
criminal organisations that have been labelled as successors of paramilitarism and their
support networks, and the prosecution of criminal conduct that threatens the
implementationoftheaccordsandtheconstructionofpeace.Inaddition,itwillsafeguard
the protection of communities across the country’s territories, breaking any type of link
between politics and the use of weapons and respecting the principles that govern any
democraticsociety.
• The Colombian state shall apply the rules for criminal prosecution against the criminal
organisationsandconductthatarethesubjectofthisagreement,withrespectforhuman
rightsinallofitsacts.
• It shallobserve the rulesof internationalhuman rights law (IHRL) inorder toprotect the
population.
• Thestateholdsthemonopolyonthelegitimateuseofarmswiththeaimofensuringthatall
Colombianshavefullexerciseofalltheirhumanrights.
• Moreover,theFARC-EPmakesthecommitmenttocontributeinaneffectivemannertothe
buildingandconsolidationofpeace,withinthescopeofitscapacities,topromotethecontent
oftheagreementsandtorespectfundamentalrights.
3.4.1.Guidingprinciples
TheGovernmentandtheFARC-EPagreethefollowingguidingprinciples:
• Respect,guarantee,protectionandpromotionofhumanrights:thestateistheguarantor
ofthefreeandfullexerciseoftherightsandfreedomsofthepeopleandcommunitiesacross
thecountry’sterritories.
• Tosafeguardthelegitimatemonopolyofforceandoftheuseofarmsbythestateacross
thecountry’sterritories:inascenarioofendingtheconflictandbuildingastableandlong-lastingpeace,themeasuresadoptedmustsafeguardthelegitimatemonopolyofforceand
of theuseofarmsby thestate, inorder toensurerespectand fundamental rights forall
citizens.LegitimacyderivesfromcompliancewiththeobligationtoensurethatallColombians
havefullexerciseoftheirfundamentalrights,undertheprinciplesoflegality,necessityand
proportionality.
• Strengtheningtheadministrationofjustice:inascenarioofendingtheconflictandbuildingastableandlong-lastingpeace,themeasuresadoptedmustcontributetoensuringcitizens’
access to independent, timely,effectiveand transparent justice, inconditionsofequality,
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whilst respectingandpromotingalternativemechanisms for resolvingconflictsacross the
country’sterritories,suchthatfundamentalrightsandimpartialityareensured,preventing
anyformofprivatejusticeandconfrontingtheconductandorganisationsthatarethesubject
ofthisagreement.Thesemeasuresalsohavetocontributetoensuringtheadministrationof
effective justice incasesofgender-basedviolence, free fromstereotypes regardingLGBTI
persons,withsanctionsproportionaltotheseriousnessoftheact.
• EnsuringthemonopolyoftaxesbytheTaxAuthorities:formsofillegaleconomyandcriminal
income linked to organised crime, including people trafficking, drugs trafficking, illegal
coercionorextortion,contraband,moneylaundering,taxchargesotherthanthoseleviedby
themonopolyofthestateandillegalmining,shallbetackled.Traditionalartisanalminingis
notconsideredtobeillegal.
• Territorial-basedandequity-basedapproach:withintheframeworkofendingconflictand
building a stable and long-lasting peace, the security measures adopted must have a
territorial-basedandequity-basedapproachthattakesintoaccountthedifferentthreatsand
the characteristics andexperiencesof thediversepeople,of the communities andof the
territories,inordertoimplementtheplansandprogrammesforpeacebuildingandprovide
guaranteestothepopulation,includingthenewpoliticalmovementthatemergesfromthe
transition of the FARC-EP to legal political activity and its members in the process of
reincorporation into civilian life, in order thus to contribute to greater governability,
legitimacyandeffectiveexerciseoftherightsandfreedomsofthecitizens.
• Gender-based approach: special emphasis will be placed on the protection of women,
childrenandadolescents,whohavebeenaffectedbythecriminalorganisationsthatarethe
subject of this agreement. This approach will take account of the specific risks faced by
womenagainsttheirlife,freedom,integrityandsafetyandwillbeappropriateforthoserisks.
• Institutionaljointresponsibilityandcoordination: inascenarioofendingtheconflictandbuildingastableandlong-lastingpeace,thecoordinationandjointresponsibilitybetweenalltheinstitutionsofthestateisnecessarytoensuretheeffectivenessofthemeasuresadopted
in relation to security, in respect of which it will be necessary to ensure that national,
departmentalandmunicipalinstitutionsworktogether.
• Citizen participation: the measures shall involve the active participation of civil society,
includingthenewpoliticalmovementthatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPto
legalpoliticalactivityanditsmembersintheprocessofreincorporationintocivilianlife.
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• Accountability: all of the measures adopted must include a permanent system of
accountabilitybytheinstitutionsthatshowstheachievementsandprogressmadeasaresult
of the action taken, including action taken in response to information provided by the
communities.
• GuaranteesofNon-Recurrence:thestateshalladoptmeasuresforclarifyingtheparamilitary
phenomenon,preventingtherepetitionthereofandguaranteeingthedismantlingofcriminal
organisations and behaviours responsible for homicides and massacres and systematic
violence, particularly against women, or which attack human rights advocates, social
movementsorpoliticalmovementsorwhichthreatenorattackpersonsparticipatinginthe
implementationoftheaccordsandtheconstructionofpeace.
Inconsiderationoftheforegoing,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPagree:
3.4.2.NationalPoliticalPact:
Thecountry’sdesiretoachieveastableandlong-lastingpeaceisbasedontherecognitionofthe
needtoovercomethearmedconflict.TheNationalGovernmentandthenewpoliticalmovement
thatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivityundertaketopromote
aNationalPoliticalPactfromtheregions,withtheaidofpoliticalmovementsandparties,trade
associations, thedriving forcesof thecountry,organisedsocietyandcommunitiesacross the
country’sterritories,tradeunions,theNationalTradeCouncil (ConsejoNacionalGremial)andvariouseconomicassociations,ownersanddirectorsofmediaenterprises,churches,religious
faiths, faith-based organisations and organisations in the religious sector, academia and
educationalinstitutions,women’sorganisationsandLGBTIorganisations,disabledpeople,young
people, ethnic communities, organisations for victimsandhuman rights advocates andother
socialorganisations.
ThisNationalPoliticalPacttobepromotedfromtheregionsandinparticularinthoseregions
mostaffectedbythesituationhastoseektomakearealityofthecommitmentofallColombians
thatarmswillneveragainbeusedinpoliticsandneveragainwillviolentorganisationssuchas
paramilitarismbepromoted,whichdisruptthelifeofColombiansbyviolatingtheirhumanrights,
harmingcoexistenceandimpairingthesecurityconditionsrequiredbysociety.Inthisrespect,
the National Government undertakes to implement the legislative process necessary to
incorporate, in the Constitution, the prohibition on the promotion, organisation, funding or
officialand/orprivateuseofparamilitarystructuresorpractices,andtodeveloptheregulations
required for the application thereof, which shall include a criminal prosecution policy,
administrativesanctionsanddisciplinaryaction.Inaddition,measuresforbringingperpetrators
tojusticeshallbediscussed.Thispactshallseektoachievenationalreconciliationandpeaceful
coexistencebetweenColombians.
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3.4.3. National Commission on Security Guarantees for the dismantling of criminal
organisations and criminal acts that are responsible for or that bring about homicides and
massacresthatattackhumanrightsadvocates,socialmovementsorpoliticalmovementsor
that threaten or attack persons taking part in the implementation of the accords and
peacebuilding, including criminal organisations that have been labelled as successors of
paramilitarismand their support networks (hereafter theNational Commissionon Security
Guarantees)
Incompliancewithwhathasbeenagreedundersection2.1.2.1.inrelationtotheComprehensive
SecuritySystemfortheExerciseofPolitics,sub-paragraphd,whichrelatestotheimplementation
of the Commission forMonitoring and Evaluation of the Performance of the Comprehensive
SystemforProtectionandProgressintheDismantlingofcriminalorganisationsandallthosethat
threaten the exercise of politics, the National Government and the FARC-EP agree that the
GovernmentshallcreateandstartuptheNationalCommissiononSecurityGuarantees,which
will have the aim of planning and monitoring of public and criminal policies in terms of
dismantling any organisation or conduct covered by this agreement that threatens the
implementation of the accords and the construction of peace. The Commission will also
harmonise thosepolicies inorder toensure the implementation thereof.Themonitoringand
evaluationoftheperformanceofthecomprehensivesystemforprotectionshallbecarriedout
bytheHigh-LevelUnitincludedinsection3.4.7.1.1.ofthisagreement.
The National Commission on Security Guarantees shall be chaired by the President of the
Republic and shall be formed of theMinister for the Interior, theMinister for Defence, the
Minister for Justice, the Attorney General (Fiscal General de la Nación), the Ombudsman
(Defensor del Pueblo), the Director of the Special InvestigationUnit - Item 74 of the Special
JurisdictionforPeace–,theCommanderGeneraloftheMilitaryForces,theGeneralDirectorof
the National Police, three recognised experts in the matter chosen by the Commission for
Monitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementationoftheFinalAgreement(CMPVI)and
twodelegates fromhuman rights platforms. TheCommissionmust alsoholdmeetings every
month. The Commission may invite representatives of political parties and movements, the
OfficeoftheUnitedNationsHighCommissionerforHumanRights(OHCHR)andotherspecialist
national and international bodies with a presence across the country’s territories and may
consultexpertsinthesubjectasitdeemsappropriate.TheCommissionshallbeformedbefore
the entry into force of the Final Agreement. In forming the Commission, the effective
participationofwomenshallbepromoted.
TheworkoftheCommissionshallfocusonthefollowing:
a. TheNationalCommissiononSecurityGuaranteesshallbetheunitforplanning,monitoring,
cross-sector coordination and promotion of coordination at departmental andmunicipal
level with regard to compliance with the action plan driven forward by the National
Governmenttotackleanddismantletheorganisationsandtoprosecutepunishableconduct
thatarethesubjectofthisagreement;
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b. It shall draw up and assess the permanent action plan for tackling and dismantling the
organisationsandconductthatarethesubjectofthisagreement;
c. Itshallevaluatetheinstitutionalresponseandtheimpactofdismantlingtheorganisations
andconductthatarethesubjectofthisagreement;
d. Itshallcoordinate,withthedepartmentalandmunicipalauthorities,thecreationoftechnical
committees for monitoring criminal activities that are the subject of this Commission,
includingthereceiptofreportsandcomplaints,complementingthestateeffort;
e. Itshallrecommendreformsthatcontributetoeliminatinganypossibilitythatthestate,its
institutions or its agents may establish, support or maintain relationships with the
organisationsthatarethesubjectofthisagreement;
f. Itshallasktheauthoritiestosubmitreportsonanysubjectrelatingtotheorganisationsand
conductthatarethesubjectofthisagreementandshallmonitorthecontentofsaidreports;
g. Itshallplananddrawupstrategies,withinitsjurisdiction,toidentifythefundingsourcesand
patterns of criminal activity of theorganisations and conduct that are the subject of this
agreement;amongthosepatternsshallbetakenintoaccountthosethatparticularlyaffect
women,children,adolescentsandtheLGBTIcommunity;
h. Itshallmakerecommendationsforthederogationormodificationofregulationsinorderto
identifythoseprovisionswhich,directlyorindirectly,facilitateand/orpromotethecreation
oftheorganisationsandconductthatarethesubjectofthisagreement;
i. Itshallproposemechanismsinordertomakethebackgroundcheckofpublicservantsinall
theinstitutionsofthestateinordertocheckforanyinvolvementthattheymayhavehad
withparamilitarygroupsand/oractivitiesorhumanrightsviolations;
j. Itshallperiodicallyreporttothebranchesofpublicpower,publicopinionandinternational
bodies in relationto theprogressandobstacles in the fightagainst theorganisationsand
conductssubjectofthisagreement;
k. Itshallensuretheprovisionofinformationbytheentitiesorinstitutionsthatparticipatein
the National Commission of Security Guarantees, to the Truth, Coexistence and Non-
Recurrence Commission and to the Unit for Investigation and Dismantling of criminal
organisationsandsuccessorsofparamilitarism-Item74oftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace;
l. Itshallmakerecommendationstothebranchesofpublicpowertoamendandprioritiseacts
andstrategiesrelatingtointelligencepolicyandlegislationofthestateinthefightagainst
theorganisationsandconductssubjectofthisagreement;
m. Itshallmonitorthesystemforcontrolsonthesecurityservicesandprivatesecurityservices
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andshallmakeproposalsaimedatupdatingtheregulationsgoverningthesecurityservices
andprivatesecurityservices,withtheaimofensuringthattheirservicesareinlinewiththe
purpose for which they were created and under no circumstances directly or indirectly
facilitate theactionof thecriminalorganisationsandconduct thatare the subjectof this
agreement.
n. Itshalldrawupprosecutorialpoliciesincludingpleaagreementswithcriminalorganisations
and their support networks that are the subject of this agreement, defining specific
proceduresforthemembersofsaidorganisationsandnetworks,incentivisingandpromoting
arapidanddefinitivedismantlingofsaidorganisationsandnetworks.Suchmeasuresshall
nevermeanpoliticalrecognition.
o. It shall ensure the application of territorial-based, equity-based and gender-based
approaches in theplanning, implementationandmonitoringof thepoliciesandstrategies
thatarethesubjectofthisCommission.
3.4.4.SpecialInvestigationUnitforthedismantlingofcriminalorganisationsandcriminalacts
thatareresponsiblefororthatbringabouthomicidesandmassacresthatattackhumanrights
advocates,socialmovementsorpoliticalmovementsorthatthreatenorattackpersonstaking
partintheimplementationoftheaccordsandpeacebuilding,includingcriminalorganisations
thathavebeenlabelledassuccessorsofparamilitarismandtheirsupportnetworks.
Inanend-of-conflictscenarioandwiththeaimofensuringtheeffectivenessofthefightagainst
criminalorganisationsandtheirsupportnetworks,includingthosewhichhavebeenlabelledas
successorsofparamilitarism,whichrepresentthegreatestthreattotheimplementationofthe
accords and the construction of peace, the National Government shall drive forward the
measures necessary for the creation and start-up, within the framework of the ordinary
jurisdiction,ofaSpecialInvestigationUnitforthedismantlingofcriminalorganisationsandtheir
supportnetworks,includingthecriminalorganisationsthathavebeenlabelledassuccessorsof
paramilitarism,inaccordancewithwhathasbeenestablishedinnumber74ofsection5.1.2of
the Agreement on the Comprehensive System for Truth, Justice, Reparations and Non-
Recurrence.TheUnitwillbemaintainedfortheperiodoftimenecessaryforittoconcludeits
mandate.
Its mandate shall involve the investigation, prosecution and indictment of the criminal
organisations and behaviours responsible for homicides, massacres or systematic violence,
particularly against women, or that threaten or act against persons who participate in the
implementationoftheaccordsandpeacebuilding,includingthecriminalorganisationsthathave
beenlabelledassuccessorsofparamilitarygroupsandtheirsupportnetworks.
TheSpecialUnit,throughtheperformanceofitsfunctionswithintheordinaryjurisdiction,shall
contributetotheachievementoftheobjectivesoftheJusticeandPeaceLaw(LeydeJusticiayPaz) and the Special Jurisdiction for Peace. Insofar as it will help to strengthen justice andcontribute to dismantling the organisations that have been labelled as successors of
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paramilitarism, it shall in turn guarantee non-recurrence of the paramilitary phenomenon,
preventtheperpetrationofnewhumanrightsviolationsandtherebyhelptobuildastableand
long-lastingpeace.
ThisSpecialInvestigationUnitshallhavethefollowingfeatures:
• ItshallbecreatedoutsideoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.Itshallbepartoftheordinary
jurisdictionandthecountry’sOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalíaGeneraldelaNación).TheUnitshalldecidewhatisnecessaryforittofunctionandshalldecidetheformationofits
workingandinvestigationgroups,andintheseareasshallpromotetheeffectiveparticipation
ofwomen.Itshallalsohavetheautonomytodecideitslinesofinvestigation,carrytheseout
andundertakeactionbeforetherespectivejurisdiction.
• TheDirectoroftheUnitshallberesponsiblefortakingdecisionswithrespecttoanyfunction
or jurisdiction of the Unit, with it being possible for the Director to delegate said
responsibilities,infullorinpart,tootherpublicservantsattachedtotheUnit.
• The Unit shall investigate, accumulate cases where this is within its jurisdiction and if
appropriateshallfilechargesandindictmentsbeforetheordinaryjurisdictionorbeforethe
jurisdictionforJusticeandPeace,providedthatthestatutorytimelimitforapplicationshas
notexpired.TheUnitmayrequestbeforethecompetentbodytheaccumulation,atthecourt
ofhigherinstance,ofthejudicialjurisdictionsforalltheoffencescommittedbythecriminal
organisation,withintherespectivejurisdiction.
• TheUnitshallperformitsdutieswithoutreplacingtheordinarydutiesofthecountry’sOffice
oftheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalíaGeneraldelaNación)beforethejurisdictionforJusticeandPeace(JusticiayPaz)orbeforetheordinaryjurisdictionandwillworkinclosecoordinationandcollaborationwiththeotherunitsof theOfficeof theAttorneyGeneralandwiththe
AttorneyGeneral(FiscalGeneraldelaNación),alwaysretainingitspowers.
• TheUnit’sDirectormustbealawyer,meettransparencyandtechnicalsuitabilitycriteriaand
haveexperienceinthefieldofcriminalinvestigationsandmusthavedemonstratedresultsin
the fight against organised crime.He/she shall be appointed for a periodof 4 years. The
Director of the Unit shall be subject to the incapacity and incompatibility rules for civil
servantsofthecountry’sOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalíaGeneraldelaNación).UndernocircumstancesmaytheDirectoroftheUnitberemovedfromofficeduetodeficiencies
thatarenotdeemedseriousinaccordancewiththecurrentdisciplinaryrules.Anydisciplinary
procedureswhicharebroughtagainsttheDirectoroftheUnitshallbeheardatsoleinstance
bytheNationalDisciplinaryCommission.
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• ThisUnit shall deploy its investigation capacitywith a territorial-based, equity-based and
gender-basedapproach,inordertotacklethethreat,withanemphasisonareaswherethere
isaconvergenceofvariablesthatendangerthecommunitiesandtheconstructionofpeace,
prioritisingtheinvestigationofstructuresoforganisedcrimewhicharewithinitsjurisdiction.
• ItshallhaveaspecialunitoftheJudicialPolicecomposedofspecialistofficersfromtheOffice
oftheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalíaGeneraldelaNación)andtheJudicialPoliceoftheNationalPolice,experts inarangeofsubjects,whomusthaveknowledgeofthedevelopmentand
establishment of organised crime organisations, including knowledge of the paramilitary
phenomenon and the criminal organisations that have been labelled as successors of
paramilitarism.Saidofficersshouldhaveknowledgeofgender-basedviolenceand justice.
The Director shall have the operational command over the officers of the Technical
InvestigationUnit assigned to his/herUnit and the operational command over the other
officersoftheJudicialPoliceassignedthereto.
• ThepublicservantsformingtheUnitshallbeselectedbytheDirector,applyingthespecial
mechanismsforselection,incorporationandmonitoringoftheperformanceoftheofficers,
prioritisinghighstandardsoftransparency,effectivenessincivilservice.
• Asanoperatingbasis,thisUnitshalltakeamultidimensionalinvestigativeapproachwhich
dealswiththeentirecriminalchainoftheorganisationsandconductthatarethesubjectof
itsmandate,includingcriminalconductaffectingwomen,childrenandadolescents.
• Inordertoensureitperformsitsdutieswithhighstandardsofefficiency,theUnitshallhave
atitsdisposalsufficientresourcesandbudgetforitsoperations.Thefundingfortheoperation
oftheUnitshallcomefromtheNationalGeneralBudgetandinternationalaid.Theallocation
providedbytheNationalGovernmentforthispurposeshallbeincludedonamandatorybasis
intheannualbudgetoftheOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral (FiscalíaGeneralde laNación)whichwillbesubjecttotheapprovalofCongressandspecificallyintendedfortheUnit.The
resourceswillbeusedaccordingtotheplandrawnupbytheDirector,withoutprejudiceto
thelegallyestablishedcontrols.TheUnitmayrequestextraordinaryfundsfromthestateor
internationalaidandinthelattercasemaynegotiateandreceiveinternationalfundsforits
operations. The Unit may conclude international cooperation agreements in order to
strengthentheachievementofitsmandate.
• The Investigation Unit shall periodically submit reports to the National Commission on
SecurityGuaranteesinrelationtoitsprogressandresults.
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• UponrequestbytheUnit,thecountry’sOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalíaGeneraldelaNación),incoordinationwiththeNationalGovernment,mayapplytotheEuropeanUnionfor
thesendingofatemporarysupportmissiontostrengthentheUnit’scapabilitiesinthefight
against organised crime and ensure the adoption of international best practice, without
prejudicetotheadditionalinternationalaidthattheUnitmayrequestviathecountry’sOffice
oftheAttorneyGeneral.
• It shall have access to all the judicial information available that it requires for its
investigations,includingtheinformationthatresidesinorhasbeentransferredtootherunits
oftheOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalíaGeneraldelaNación),especiallytheUnitforJusticeandPeace.Itmaymakeuseofthemechanismsforaccesstodocumentsandsources
ofinformationprovidedfortheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace(Item69oftheAgreementon
theSpecialJurisdictionforPeace).
• TheUnitshallensurelegaldiscretionintheperformanceofitsfunctionsandshalltakethe
measuresnecessarytoprotectwitnessesandvictimsinneedofsuchprotection.
• TheDirectoroftheUnitwillbeelectedbytheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalGeneraldelaNación)froma listof threecandidatesproposedbytheselectionandappointmentmechanismof
judgesandotherjudicialofficersoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceenshrinedinItem68of
theSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceanddevelopedinsection5.3oftheFinalAgreementtoEnd
theConflictcalledtheSupplementaryagreementontheComprehensiveSystemforTruth,
Justice, Reparations and Non-Recurrence. Upon completion of the mandate of the first
Director of the "Special Investigation Unit for the dismantling of criminal organisations
responsible for homicides and others (...)", referred to in Item 74 of the Agreement for
creationoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceanddevelopedinsection3.4.4oftheFinalPeace
Agreement,thesuccessivedirectorsofthisunitwillbechosenbytheAttorneyGeneralfrom
alistofthreeproposedbythejudgesintheTribunalforPeaceoftheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peace.
Jurisdiction
TheSpecialUnit:
• Shalljudiciallyprosecutetheconductandorganisationsthatarethesubjectofitsmandatein
accordancewiththeexistingcrimes.Itshallinvestigatetheindividualcriminalresponsibilities
of the members of these organisations and submit the information obtained relating to
perpetrators, instigators, organisers and financiers of these structures to the competent
authorityforthepurposeofstartingatrialorinvestigationbyanothercompetentbody.
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• Shall undertake investigations in cases where certified reports have been made in the
ordinary jurisdictionor inthe jurisdictionfor JusticeandPeace inorderto investigatethe
criminal liability of those people who were members of support networks for criminal
organisations included in this agreement, including criminal organisations that havebeen
labelledassuccessorsofparamilitarism.
• Shallimplementspecialisedinvestigationmethodologicalplansinrelationtothemostserious
acts of victimisation undertaken against women, children, adolescents and the LGBTI
communitybytheorganisationsandconductthatarethesubjectofthisagreement.
• Shallundertakeinvestigationsinrelationtotherelationshipsbetweencriminalorganisations
included within its mandate, including criminal organisations that have been labelled as
successorsofparamilitarism,andstateofficials.
• Uponfindingevidenceoftheresponsibilityofpublicofficials,itshallcontinuebyconducting
thecriminalinvestigationand,inaddition,shalltransferthecasetothecountry’sOfficeof
the Attorney General (Fiscalía General de la Nación) or to the Office of the Comptroller
General(ContraloríaGeneraldelaNación),inordertoinitiatethecorrespondingdisciplinaryandprosecutorialinvestigations.
• Upon finding evidence of the responsibility of public officials, the Unit shall seek the
imposition of additional sanctions before the competent judicial authorities, such as the
incapacitytoholdpublicoffice,interalia.
• Itshallcheckthattherearenoregulationswhich,directlyorindirectly,permitorpromote
the existence of paramilitary structures or their successors and shall inform theNational
CommissiononSecurityGuaranteesofanysuchregulationssothattherelevantmeasures
canbetaken.
• It may periodically provide information to the national and international public on the
progressandobstaclesintheperformanceofitsmission.
• Itshallcoordinatetheexchangeofinformationinrelationtomatterswithinitsjurisdiction
withtheTruth,CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommissionandtheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peace.
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3.4.5.IntegrationoftheEliteCorps
Asaguaranteeof immediate stateactionagainst theorganisationsandconduct thatare the
subjectofthisagreementandthedismantlingthereof,anEliteCorpsshallbeintegratedinthe
National Police with a multidimensional approach. Themembers of the Elite Corps shall be
selected on the basis of a special model that attests to their high standards of suitability,
transparencyandeffectiveness.
3.4.6.Basicguaranteesfortheperformanceofofficebyprosecutors,judgesandotherpublic
servants
Public servants with responsibilities in activities relating to investigation, analysis and
prosecution,interalia,targetedattacklingtheorganisationsandconductthatarethesubjectofthisagreementshallbeguaranteedtheconditionsnecessaryforcarryingouttheiractivitiesso
as to avoid any disruption or threat to their role, and providing the corresponding security
guarantees.
3.4.7.ComprehensiveSecuritySystemfortheExerciseofPolitics
TheComprehensive System shall develop a newmodel of guarantees for citizens’ rights and
protectionforpoliticalpartiesandmovements,includingthemovementthatemergesfromthe
transitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivity,ruralcommunitiesandsocialorganisations,
women’sorganisationsandhumanrightsadvocatesincompliancewithwhathasbeenagreedin
theAgreementonPoliticalParticipation.
3.4.7.1.Individualandcollectivesecurityandprotectionmeasures
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP,inconsiderationofthefactthat“AComprehensive
Security System for the Exercise of Politics” was agreed in the Agreement on Political
Participation,thecontentofwhichsystemmustbesupplementedanddefinedinrespectofthe
guaranteesintermsofsecurityandprotectionofthepeopletargetedbythissystem,andwith
theaimofprovidingsecurityguaranteesforthenewpoliticalmovementthatemergesfromthe
transitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivity,foritsmembers–menandwomen–inthe
processofreincorporationintocivilianlife,aswellastheapplicationofthemodelforprevention,
security and protection across the country’s territories and the measures for intangible
protection defined in the context of the “Agreement on Political Participation: A democratic
opportunitytobuildpeace”,agreethefollowing:
3.4.7.1.1.High-LevelUnitof theComprehensiveSecurity System for theExerciseofPolitics
(InstanciadeAltoniveldelSistemaIntegraldeSeguridadparaelEjerciciodelaPolítica)
In compliance with what has been established in section 2.1.2.1, sub-paragraph a, of the
agreementonPoliticalParticipation,theHigh-LevelUnitshallhavetheaimofimplementingthe
Security System for the Exercise of Politics, ensuring the functioning, coordination and
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supervisionthereof.Likewise,theUnitshallbethespacefordiscussionandmonitoringrelating
tothesecurityandprotectionofthemembersofsocialandpoliticalmovementsandparties,in
particular those forming the opposition, and the new movement that emerges from the
transition of the FARC-EP to legal political activity and its members in the process of
reincorporationintocivilianlife.
TheHigh-LevelUnitoftheComprehensiveSecuritySystemfortheExerciseofPolitics(Agreement
onPoliticalParticipation:section2.1.2.1)shalldevelopandimplementthefollowingcomponents
oftheSecuritySystem:
• Specialisedprotectiononthebasisofanassessmentofthelevelofriskandincoordination
with thecorresponding stateentities for the followingpeople:peopleelectedbypopular
vote,peoplewhohavedeclaredthemselvespartofthepoliticaloppositionandleadersof
politicalmovementsandparties,withanequity-basedapproachandanationalandregional
presence,aswellasaunitforassessingtheriskatregionalandlocallevel,asreferredtoin
section2.1.2.1.sub-paragraphc.oftheAgreementonPoliticalParticipation:Ademocratic
opportunity to build peace. Both the risk level studies and the specialised protection
measuresshallapplyprotocolswhichmeeteachperson’sparticularconditions.
• Interinstitutionalplanning,monitoringandevaluationsystem,assetoutinsection2.1.2.1.
sub-paragraphd.oftheAgreementonPoliticalParticipation:Ademocraticopportunityto
buildpeace.
• Committeetopromoteinvestigationsintocrimescommittedagainstpeopleintheexercise
ofpolitics,takingintoaccountwomenandtheLBGTIcommunity,assetoutinsection2.1.2.1.
sub-paragraphd.oftheAgreementonPoliticalParticipation:Ademocraticopportunityto
buildpeace.
TheUnitshallbecomposedof:
• ThePresidentoftheRepublic.
• TheMinisterfortheInterior.
• TheMinisterforDefence.
• TheHumanRightsAdvisortothePresidencyoftheRepublic.
• TheCommanderoftheMilitaryForces.
• TheDirectoroftheNationalPolice.
• TheDirectoroftheNationalProtectionUnit(UnidadNacionaldeProtección,NPU).• TheHigh-LevelUnitshallensurethepermanentparticipationofthenewpoliticalmovement
thatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivity.
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The National Government shall ensure the participation in the High-Level Unit of political
movements and parties, in particular of those whose security has been affected, victims’
organisations, human rights organisations and social movements, including women’s
organisations. Delegates from international human rights organisations with a presence in
Colombia and other delegates from state entities and supervisory bodies (the Office of the
AttorneyGeneral,theOfficeoftheInspectorGeneral,theOfficeoftheComptrollerGeneraland
the Office of the Ombudsman)may be invited to join the High-Level Unit if this is deemed
relevant.
3.4.7.3.PresidentialDelegate:
The President of the Republic shall appoint a delegate attached to the Administrative
DepartmentofthePresidencywhoshallbeinchargeoftheTechnicalSecretariatoftheHigh-
LevelUnitandshallberesponsiblefortheplanning,informationandmonitoringsystem(section
2.1.2., indent a) and for coordinating and monitoring the protection and security measures
adoptedinthisrespect.He/sheshallholdongoingdiscussionswithmembersofthesocialand
politicalmovementsandhumanrightsadvocates,andalsothepoliticalpartythatemergesfrom
thetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivityandthemembersoftheFARC-EPinthe
processofreincorporationintocivilianlife.
3.4.7.4.Comprehensiveprotectionprogrammeforthemembersofthenewpoliticalpartyor
movementthatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalactivity,anditsactivities
andoffices,aswellastheformermembersoftheFARC-EPwhoarebeingreincorporatedinto
civilianlifeandthefamiliesofalltheaforesaid,inaccordancewiththelevelofrisk.
The National Government undertakes the commitment to implement a comprehensive
protection programme in accordance with what is set out in the agreement "Political
participation:Ademocraticopportunity tobuildpeace", section2.1.2.1, indentc,whichshall
havetheaimofprotectingthemembersofthenewpoliticalmovementorpartythatemerges
fromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalactivity,anditsofficesandactivities,aswellasthe
formermembersoftheFARC-EPwhoarebeingreincorporatedintocivilianlifeandthefamilies
ofalltheaforesaid,inaccordancewiththelevelofrisk.
ThisProgramme,whichshallbeassignedtotheAdministrativeDepartmentofthePresidencyof
theRepublic,under thesupervisionof thePresidentialDelegate in theHigh-LevelUnitof the
Comprehensive Security System for the Exercise of Politics, shall have administrative and
financialautonomyandshallcoordinatewiththerelevantstateinstitutionsonapermanentand
operationalbasis.
ThemeasuresestablishedinthisitemshallapplytotherepresentativesoftheFARC-EPwhoare
intheprocessofreincorporationintocivilianlifeandareassignedwiththeperformanceoftasks
inthepeaceprocess,whoareappointedbythePeaceDelegationoftheFARC-EP,inaccordance
withwhatisestablishedintheFinalAgreementandasfromthesigningthereof.
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3.4.7.4.1. Specialised Sub-directorateon Security andProtection at theNational Protection
Unit(SubdirecciónespecializadadeseguridadyprotecciónenlaUNP)
The National Government shall create a sub-directorate within the National Protection Unit
(NPU),specialisinginsecurityandprotection,forthemembersofthenewpoliticalmovementor
party that emerges from the transitionof the FARC-EP to legal activity, and its activities and
offices,aswellastheformermembersoftheFARC-EPwhoarebeingreincorporatedintocivilian
lifeandthefamiliesofalltheaforesaid,inaccordancewiththelevelofrisk.
The Specialised Sub-directorate on Security and Protection shall involve the active and
permanentparticipationofnolessthantworepresentativesofthenewpoliticalmovementor
partythatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivity,anditsstructure
andfunctionshallbedefinedbytheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.ThisSpecialisedSub-
directorateonSecurityandProtectionshallensuretheadministration,functioningandoperation
oftheTechnicalCommitteeonSecurityandProtection(MesaTécnicadeSeguridadyProtección)andtheSecurityandProtectionCorps(CuerpodeSeguridadyProtección)createdinthepresentagreement:
3.4.7.4.2.TechnicalCommitteeonSecurityandProtection:
The National Government shall set up a Technical Committee on Security and Protection,
hereaftertheTechnicalCommittee,withtheparticipationoftheNationalGovernmentandthe
FARC-EP,whichwillbeginitsoperationsimmediatelyuponsigningofthisAgreement,inorderto
develop,coordinate,monitorandmakesuggestionsfortheimplementationofaStrategicPlan
on Security and Protection (Plan Estratégico de Seguridad y Protección), which will includetangible and intangible measures (intangible measures are considered to mean prevention
measuresagainststigmatisation)forthemembersofthenewpoliticalmovementorpartythat
emergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalactivity,anditsofficesandactivities,aswell
astheformermembersoftheFARC-EPwhoarebeingreincorporatedintocivilianlifeandthe
familiesofalltheaforesaid,inaccordancewiththelevelofrisk.
TheTechnicalCommitteeshallhavethefollowingfunctions:
• TodevelopthestructureoftheSpecialisedSub-directorateonSecurityandProtectionatthe
NPU,inaccordancewiththeagreementsreachedbytheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-
EP.
• Toidentifytherequirementsintermsofhumanresources,physicalresourcesandbudgetary
resources for implementation of the Strategic Plan on Security and Protection, so as to
safeguardtherightstolifeandpersonalsafety,liberty,mobilityandsecurityofthemembers
ofthenewpoliticalmovementorpartythatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPto
legalpoliticalactivityandthemembersoftheFARC-EPintheprocessofreincorporationinto
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civilianlife,inviewoftheirsituationofriskresultingfromtheexerciseoftheirpolitical,public,
socialorhumanitariandutiesoractivities,andtherightsoftheirfamilies,inaccordancewith
thelevelofrisk.
The Technical Committee shall be permanent and shall carry out periodic monitoring and
assessmentsincoordinationwiththestateinstitutionsthatarecompetentinthisrespect.The
planningandmonitoringofprotectionactsshalltakeplaceonbothanindividualandcollective
basisforthemembersofthenewpoliticalpartyormovementthatemergesfromthetransition
oftheFARC-EPtolegalactivity,anditsofficesandactivities,aswellastheformermembersof
theFARC-EPwhoarebeingreincorporatedintocivilianlifeandthefamiliesofalltheaforesaid,
inaccordancewiththelevelofrisk.
AttheinitiativeoftheTechnicalCommitteeandincoordinationwiththePresidentialDelegate,
the Government shall implement the legislative amendments and reforms – decrees and
developments–governingallaspectsrelatingtotheprotectionandsecurityofmembersofthe
newpoliticalpartyormovementthatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpolitical
activityandoftheirfamilies,inaccordancewiththelevelofrisk.Suchregulationsandprocedures
shallbepreparedbytheTechnicalCommitteeandpresentedtotheNationalGovernmentfor
approvalbeforethesigningoftheFinalAgreement.
TheTechnicalCommitteeshallbecomposedofthedelegatesfromtheNationalGovernment,
headedbythePresidentialDelegate,theDirectoroftheNPUandtheSub-directorofthenew
specialised sub-directorate, created in thepresent agreement,whowill act as secretary, and
otherentitiesdeemedrelevant, includingasapermanent invitedmember therepresentative
fromtheOfficeoftheUnitedNationsHighCommissionerforHumanRights(OHCHR)inColombia.
BeforesigningoftheFinalAgreement,therepresentativesthattheFARC-EPdeemsrelevantshall
beinvolved.Oncetheagreementhasbeensigned,thedelegatesappointedbytheFARC-EPshall
continue to form part of the Technical Committee.When the political movement has been
created,therepresentativesthatitappointsshallbeincorporatedintotheTechnicalCommittee.
• Guidelines and Criteria for the Strategic Plan on Security and Protection for the new
political movement or party that emerges from the transition of the FARC-EP to legal
activity,onthebasisofitsrisksituation.
TheStrategicPlanonSecurityandProtectionshallconsistofallthecomprehensivemeasures
contained in this agreement, including intangible, collective or political measures aimed at
preventionandcreationofanatmosphereoftrust,andtangiblemeasureswhichshallbedefined
in the security and protection protocols, as well as all those measures that the Technical
Committeedeploysfortheimplementationoftheplan.
The security and protection protocol shall consist of the following components: Prevention,
securityandprotectionschemesandprogrammes;PersonnelfromtheSecurityandProtection
Corps-SelectionandTraining;LogisticsandrecruitmentfortheSecurityandProtectionCorps–
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fundingand financial resources, togetherwith riskanalysisprogrammesandprogrammes for
coordinationamongtheelementsoftheSecuritySystem.
The measures applied to the population that is the subject of this agreement shall be
implemented in accordance with the content of section 3.4.7.3 of this agreement and the
developmentprotocols,whichmustbeexecutedinatimelyandefficientmanner.
Theprotectionprotocolshalldiscussthemeansoftransportthatmayberequiredinaccordance
withthetransportneedsoftheprotectedpersons.
InaccordancewiththedecisionstakenbytheTechnicalCommittee,supportshallbeprovided
fortemporaryrelocation,media,psychosocialcareandanyothersupportnecessarytoensure
theeffectiveprotectionofthepopulationthatisthesubjectofthisagreement.
BearinginmindthedefinitionsoftheTechnicalCommittee,thestateshallensurethatallthe
necessary protection measures are taken with regard to the comprehensive security of the
officesandfacilitiesofthenewpoliticalmovementorpartythattheFARC-EPbecomesandof
thehomesofthepersonssubjecttoprotectionascoveredbythisagreement,inaccordancewith
thelevelofrisk.
The prevention, security and protection schemes, with regard to recruitment, logistics,
administration, mobility, staff employment rights and other requirements for the optimal
functioningandsustainabilitythereof,shallbedefinedbytheTechnicalCommittee,bearingin
mindcriteriaofreliabilityandcompliancethatareprovidedbytheoperatorstothenewpolitical
partyormovementthattheFARC-EPbecomes.
The Security and Protection Protocol shall be drawn up by the Technical Committee and
approvedbytheNegotiationTablepriortosigningoftheFinalPeaceAgreement.
3.4.7.4.3.SecurityandProtectionCorps
TheNationalGovernmentshallcreateaSecurityandProtectionCorps,inaccordancewithwhat
isestablishedinthisagreement,withamixedcomposition,consistingoftrustedpersonnelfrom
thenewpoliticalmovementorpartythatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegal
activity,whichshallcoordinateandhaveadirectcontactwiththeNationalPolice,whichshallin
turnappointcontactsforeachsecurityandprotectionscheme,atnational,departmentaland
municipallevelaccordingtotheoperatingschemeestablished.
Thetrustedpersonnelofthenewpoliticalpartyormovementarisingfromthetransitionofthe
FARC-EPtolegalactivitythatmakeuptheSecurityandProtectionCorpsmustbeproperlytrained
andmustmeet the requirements forpsychological fitness requiredof theothermembersof
protectionbodies.Thespecialisedsub-directorateonsecurityandprotectionattheNPUwillbe
responsibleforverifyingcompliancewiththeserequirements.
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Theschemesshallhaveallthelogisticsneededfortheiroperations,teamandadministrationas
requiredfortheprotectionoftheprotectedpersons.TheNationalGovernmentshallensurethat
theprotectionschemesareprovidedwiththemostappropriateandrelevantweaponstoensure
thesafetyof thepopulationthat is thesubjectof thisagreement,basedonthe levelsof risk
establishedbytheTechnicalCommittee.
Thesecurityandprotectionshallrelatetothemembersofthenewpoliticalpartyormovement
thatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalactivitiesanditsofficesandactivities,
aswellastheformermembersoftheFARC-EPwhoarebeingreincorporatedintocivilianlifeand
thefamiliesofalltheaforesaid,inaccordancewiththelevelofrisk.
InordertoworktowardstheconstructionofaprofessionalandtechnicalmodelfortheSecurity
and Protection Corps, the Technical Committee shall make proposals to the National
Government,andthePresidentialDelegateshallpushforwardthemonitoringandmanagement
oftheseproposals,includinganeducationandtrainingsystem,employmentrelationshipsystem
andsocialsecuritysystem.Thesystemshallincludetrainingprogrammesinaspectsrelatingto
theprotectionofwomenandthespecificrisksthattheyface.
Thesecurityandprotectionprotocolshalldeterminetheoperatingsystemandcompositionof
theprotectionschemes—whichwillhaveagender-basedapproach—includingthecontacts
fromthenewpoliticalpartyormovementthatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPto
legalactivityandthecontactsfromtheNationalPolice.Itshallcontainthecriteriaandguidelines
ofthestrategicplanonsecurityandprotection.
TheNationalGovernmentshallmakethenecessarybudgetallocationsforthecomprehensive
implementationofthesystem,andtheseshallbeguaranteedforaminimumperiodoffiveyears
intheinitialstagethereof.
InthecaseofmembersoftheNationalPolicethatarepartoftheSecurityandProtectionCorps,
a rigorousmodel for checking criminal and disciplinary records shall be applied and security
checksshallbecarriedout,includingcredibilityandreliabilitytests,interalia.
ThemembersoftheSecurityandProtectionCorpsshallreporttotheSpecialisedSub-directorate
on Security andProtection. The arrangements regarding employmentmaybebymeansof a
direct employment contract as public servants or temporary contracts for the provision of
services or incorporation of personnel via duly authorised security operators, which provide
greaterguaranteesofreliabilityfortheprotectedpersons.TheNationalGovernmentshallmake
themodificationsrequiredtoexpandthenumberofstaffoftheNPU,wherenecessary.
TheSecurityandProtectionCorpsshallhavedulyaccreditedsecuritytrainingprogrammesfor
thetrainingandspecialisationofallitsmembers.Consultancyandtrainingagreementsmaybe
establishedwithnationalorinternationalinstitutionsorbodiesthatareexpertsinthisarea.
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TheTechnicalCommitteeshallestablishthecriteriarelatingtothecontentofthetraining.The
membersoftheSecurityandProtectionCorpsshallbeselected,trainedandqualifiedatnational
or international institutions or academies, forwhich purpose theNational Government shall
grantallthenecessaryguaranteesandconditions.
Constitutionalandlegalpresumptionoftherisk:Themembersofthenewpoliticalmovement
thatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivityshallbepresumedto
beatextraordinaryriskonthebasisofreasonablecriteriapresentedbyitsrepresentativestothe
TechnicalCommittee.Thenewpoliticalmovementshallbepresumedtobeatextraordinaryrisk.
TheNationalGovernmentshalldriveforwardtheregulatorymeasuresrequiredinorderforthat
presumptiontobecomeenshrinedinlaw.
Psychosocial caremeasures: Allmeasures shall be taken to provide resources in relation to
psychosocialcare,ofeitherindividualorcollectivenatureandwithagender-basedapproach,to
thoserecipientsoftheprotectionprogrammewhohavebeenaffectedasaresultofanyattack
ontheirlifeandphysicalsafety.
3.4.7.4.4.ImplementationoftheProgrammeonreconciliation,coexistenceandpreventionof
stigmatisation(Programadereconciliación,convivenciayprevencióndelaestigmatización)InaccordancewithwhathasbeenestablishedintheAgreementonPoliticalParticipation(2.2.4),
uponsigningof theFinalAgreement, theNationalCouncil forReconciliationandCoexistence
shallbesetup,whichshallberesponsible forplanningand implementingtheProgrammeon
reconciliation,coexistenceandpreventionofstigmatisation,withtheinvolvementofterritorial-
basedentities.Theforegoingiswithoutprejudicetotheimmediatemeasurestobetaken.
3.4.7.4.5.Measuresinrelationtoself-protection(Medidasenmateriadeautoprotección)Aprocessof training in relation to self-protection shallbeestablished for the securityof the
membersoftheFARC-EPintheprocessofreincorporationintocivilianlifeandofthenewpolitical
movementthatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivity,forwhich
purposetheNationalGovernmentshallprovidethenewpoliticalmovementwithsufficienttools
andresourcesforachievingthisaimeffectively.
3.4.8.ComprehensiveSecurityandProtectionProgrammefortheCommunitiesand
OrganisationsacrosstheCountry’sTerritories(ProgramaIntegraldeSeguridadyProtecciónparalasComunidadesyOrganisacionesenlosTerritorios)
• Acomprehensivesecurityandprotectionprogrammeshallbecreatedforthecommunities
and organisations across the country’s territories, at the request of the Ministry of the
Interior,whichshallhavetheaimofdefiningandadoptingmeasuresforthecomprehensive
protectionoforganisations,groupsandcommunitiesacrossthecountry’sterritories,such
that it contributes to ensuring, under an effective model, the implementation of the
measures for prevention and protection of the communities and their territories. The
preparation and application of this programme shall involve the active and effective
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participationofsocialorganisations,includingwomen’sorganisations,andthecommunities
acrossthecountry’sterritories.Amongothers,thefollowingmeasuresshallbepromoted:
• Implementationofcomprehensivesecurityandprotectionmeasures:asadevelopmentof
whathasbeenestablishedinsection2.2.4oftheAgreementonPoliticalParticipation,inthe
preparation of the Prevention and Protection Plan the Comprehensive Security and
ProtectionProgrammeshalltakeintoaccountmeasuresagainststigmatisation,mechanisms
forwidespreaddissemination,campaignsforlegitimisationandrecognitionofhumanrights
advocates,inbothruralandurbanareas,andthecreationanddisseminationofcommunity
andpublicinterestmediaforpromotinghumanrightsandcoexistence.
• Community Promoters of Peace and Coexistence: this shall be a programme led by the
Ministry of the Interior in coordination with the Ministry of Justice. The community
promoters of peace and coexistence shall be unarmed volunteers. The programme shall
encouragealternativemechanismsforresolvingconflictsacrossthecountry’sterritoriesand
promote thedefenceofhuman rights, stimulating coexistencewithin communities in the
areaspreviouslydefinedforthatpurpose.Theprogrammeshallbeallocatedtheresources
necessaryforthisprogrammetobeimplementedandensured.
• ProtocolforProtectionofRuralTerritories:theMinistryoftheInteriorshallcreateaspecial
protocolfortheprotectionofruralcommunitiesthatwereaffectedbytheconflict,which
shall be concluded with the agreement of the communities and organisations in each
territory,includingwomen’sorganisations,andinlinewiththeComprehensiveSecurityand
ProtectionSystem.Withinthisprotocol,ruralcommunitiesandtheirorganisationsshalldrawup
theirowncontext for theassessmentanddefinitionof risks that takes intoaccount theparticular
conditionsofwomen.
• Supportforreportingactivityinhumanrightsorganisationsacrossthecountry’sterritories:
theMinistry of the Interior shall draw up a programme for strengthening the reporting
capability of human rights organisations across rural territories, which will stimulate the
preventionmeasureswithanemphasisonwrittenandaudio-visualcommunication,together
withinstrumentsusedtodocumentpossiblehumanrightsviolations.Withinthisprogramme,
humanrightsorganisationsshallbeprovidedwithofficesandfacilities,andwithoutfitting
and equipment thereof, in support of the activity of human rights advocates and their
organisationsacrossthecountry’sterritories,withtheobjectofstimulatingandpromoting
the achievement of their aims. These offices and facilities must be subject to collective
managementbythehumanrightsorganisations.
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3.4.9. Instrument for prevention andmonitoring of the criminal organisations that are the
subjectofthisagreement
Inaccordancewithwhathasbeendefinedinthe“AgreementonPoliticalParticipation”insection
2.1.2.1, sub-paragraph b, a new prevention and warning system for rapid response to the
presence,operations and/or activitiesof the criminal organisations and conduct that are the
subjectofthisagreementshallbesetupintheOfficeoftheOmbudsman,incoordinationwith
theNationalGovernmentand theSpecial InvestigationUnit, and theNationalCommitteeon
Security Guarantees shall be involved in the planning thereof. The System must combine
permanentmonitoringandearlywarningactivitiesforthedeploymentofarapidresponseon
theground.Itshallactincoordinationwithhumanrightsorganisationsandcommunities.This
system shall issueearlywarnings autonomouslywithouthaving to consultwithor submit its
decisionstoanyotherinstitution.
This Early Warning System will have a territorial-based, equity-based and gender-based
approach, and will involve a preventive security deployment, without detriment to national
deploymentandresponsecapability.TheColombianstateshallguaranteeappropriatefunding
inaccordancewiththerequirementsofthesystemandthecomprehensivefunctioningthereof.
Threat monitoring activities shall be combined with early warning capability and
recommendations for rapid response and deployment on the ground. This system shall
incorporategovernmentalcapacitiesandatthesametimeshallbeabletodealwithandrespond
tosituationsontheground.Thesystemshallhavethefollowingfunctions:
• Monitoringandmappingthethreatrepresentedbythepresenceand/oractivitiesofcriminal
organisationsandconductthatarethesubjectofthisagreement,includingtheorganisations
thathavebeenlabelledassuccessorsofparamilitarism,inparticularinregionsandterritories
wheretheFARC-EPispromotingitsprocessofreincorporationintocivilianlife.
• Thegovernmentalinstitutions,theColombianStateArmedForces(whichincludeboththe
MilitaryForcesandthePolice),communities,socialgroupsandspecialistorganisationson
thegroundshallcontributeonapermanentandcontinuousbasistomaintainthesystem,
suchthatmechanismsareestablishedforverificationandresponsewithregardtocomplaints
andreportssubmittedacrossthecountry’sterritoriesandatacentrallevel.
• To identifyatanearlystagethepresence,movement, incursionsandactivitiesacross the
countryofthecriminalorganisationsthatarethesubjectofthisagreement,aswellasthe
potentialriskstothecivilianpopulation.
• TheNationalGovernmentshallensuretheorganisationandcoordinationofthepreventive
measuresandrapidresponsemeasuresinrelationtotheseincursionsandactsofthecriminal
organisationsthatarethesubjectofthisagreement,inordertoensuretheprotectionofthe
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civilianpopulation.
• Initially priority shall be given to areas of critical intervention based on the accumulated
compilationofpublicreportsandcomplaints.
• To activate communication channels with municipal ombudspersons (personerosmunicipales) for the purpose of collecting and processing information that permits the
identificationofpotentialrisksituationsthatcouldleadtoactsofviolenceaffectingcivilians
includinghumanrightsorganisations,formermembersoftheFARC-EPandmembersofthe
political party or movement arising from the transition of the FARC-EP to legal political
activity.
Intheprioritisedterritories,integratedmechanismsforinterinstitutionalcoordinationshallbe
implementedwhichshallberesponsibleforcoordinatingeffortswithregardtosecuritywarnings
in relation to the threats across the country’s territories, in order thereby to ensure a rapid
response.
The prevention and warning system for rapid response shall include Territorial Warning
Committees for Immediate Response across the territories and regions defined, which
coordinatetheirfunctionsatlocallevelwiththecompetentauthorities.
The preventivemeasures in relation to the action of the criminal organisations that are the
subjectofthisagreementmustfocusontheareasmostaffectedbytheseorganisations.
3.4.10.Implementationofanationalmechanismforterritorialsupervisionandinspectionof
private security and surveillance services (Mecanismo nacional de supervisión e inspecciónterritorialalosserviciosdevigilanciayseguridadprivada)
TheNationalGovernmentshallstrengthenthenationalmechanismforterritorialsupervisionand
inspectionofprivatesecurityandsurveillanceservicesattherequestoftheSuperintendencefor
PrivateSecurityandSurveillance, inorder toensure that theuse thereof corresponds to the
purposesforwhichtheywerecreated,placinganemphasisontheprohibitionoftheprivatisation
ofmilitary, policeor intelligence functions; likewise,priority shall be given todeveloping the
revisionoflegislationrelatingtoprivatesecurityandsurveillance;itshallensurethattheydonot
performstatemilitary,policeorsecurityfunctions;andshallupdatetheregulationsrelatingto
privatesecurityandsurveillanceservices.Theregulationsonpermittedarmsshallbereviewed,
whicharefortheexclusiveuseoftheMilitaryForcesinordertoperformthefunctionofprivate
securityandsurveillance.
Thefollowingmeasuresshallbeadopted:
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• Monitoringthatthepublicregisterensuresthatadequateinformationiskeptontheowners
of thiskindofbusiness, theiremployees, theavailableweaponsandtheserviceprovision
agreementsinforce.
• TheSuperintendenceforPrivateSecurityandSurveillanceshallbeempoweredtocancelor
refusetograntoperatinglicencestosecuritycompaniesinvolvedwithcriminalorganisations
thatarethesubjectofthisagreementorwhichviolatetheregulationsthattheyareobliged
tocomplywith.
• The necessary legislative initiatives shall be promoted and the relevant administrative
measuresshallbeadoptedtoregulateprivatesecurityservices,withtheaimofensuringthat
employees,shareholders,ownersordirectorsinthistypeofservicearenotinvolvedwiththe
criminalorganisationsthatarethesubjectofthisagreement.
3.4.11.Measuresforthepreventionofandfightagainstcorruption(Medidasdeprevenciónyluchacontralacorrupción)
In order to develop Item 3.4 of the General Agreement in relation to the intensification of
measurestofightagainstconductthat,byactionoromission,leadtoinstancesofcorruption,
theNationalGovernmentshallpromotetheactionofthestatetofosteracultureoftransparency
acrossthecountry’sterritories,asanelementlookingtowardsguaranteeingthefuture,effective
compliance with the accords, guarantees of security across the country’s territories and
democraticparticipation.
3.4.11.1.Instrumentsofinstitutionaloversightandverification
On the basis of the legal framework in force in relation to the fight against corruption, the
NationalGovernmentshallputinplacethefollowingmeasurestocertifythetransparencyand
effectivenessoftheactionfordismantlingtheorganisationsandconductthatarethesubjectof
thisagreement.TheNationalGovernmentshallpromotethefollowingmeasures,amongothers:
• Checksonthesuitabilityofpublicservantssoastoensurethattheyhavethecompetences
fortheuprightexerciseofpublicoffice.
• Certification of the integrity and performance of public servants, so as to guarantee
transparency and commitment to the application of the law bymeans of evaluation and
verificationoftheirrésumésandcriminalanddisciplinaryrecords.
• Guaranteestomaintainoversightandmonitoringofthefinancialassetsofpublicservants
andchecksoftheirincomesoastoensurethatthistallieswiththeirlegalactivitiesandsalary.
Evaluationandmonitoringoftheirperformanceinthefightagainsttheorganisationsthatare
thesubjectofthisagreementandasafunctionofthecreationoftrustwiththecommunities.
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3.4.11.2. Measures for action to contain the penetration of the criminal conduct and
organisationsthatarethesubjectofthisagreementintotheexerciseofpolitics
Amultidimensionalapproachappliedtothefightagainsttheorganisationsandconductthatare
thesubjectofthisagreement,enablingprogresstobemadeinthecreationandmaintenanceof
securityguarantees,requirestheadoptionofaseriesofmeasurestotacklethepenetrationof
criminal organisations, including the organisations that have been labelled as successors of
paramilitarismandtheirsupportnetworks,intopolitics.
Thepenetrationofthecriminalconductandorganisationsthatarethesubjectofthisagreement
into politics –which have given rise to expressions such as parapolitics (parapolítica) – in ademocraticsystem,affects thetransformationof thepolitical fabric, insofaras itaffects local
democratic leaders, undermines participation processes, increases the risk of penetration of
mafiasintoinstitutions,affectspublictendering,constrainsdemocraticdeliberationandleadsto
thediversionofresourcestofundviolence.
Itisnecessarytodevelopmeasuresthatrelatenotonlytopeopleinvolvedinthisconduct–who
mustbe subject to criminal, disciplinaryand financial sanctions–but also to theparties and
communitieswhoseleadersorelectedofficialsengageinsuchpractice.
Consequently, from what has been agreed in section 2.3.4 of the Agreement on Political
Participation:Ademocraticopportunitytobuildpeace,theNationalGovernmentshallensure
that theSpecialElectoralMissionwhich is createddiscusses thepointsproposedby thenew
politicalmovementthatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivityin
ordertotacklethisproblem.
TheNationalGovernment shalldrive forward the legislative reformsnecessary toensure the
existenceofsanctionsforpoliticalmovementsorpartieswhosecandidatesorpersonselectedto
publiccorporationsorsingle-memberconstituencies,havebeenconvictedof linkstocriminal
organisations, includingorganisations thathavebeen labelledas successorsofparamilitarism
andtheirsupportnetworks,foractsoccurringduringtheirtermofoffice.Thesesanctionsmay
beimposedevenwhenthepersonsconvictedhavebeenconvictedsubsequenttotheexercise
oftheofficesforwhichtheywereendorsesorelected.
Similarly, and in the same cases as above, the National Government shall drive forward the
legislative reforms necessary to make it possible to impose sanctions on the persons who
endorsedthecriminallysanctionedcandidatesorelectedpersons.
Thelegislativeamendmentsshallinvolveadisciplinaryandfiscaloversightofcontractingandthe
administrationofpublicfundsindepartmentalandmunicipaladministrations,inparticularinthe
areaswheretherearecriminalorganisationsthatarethesubjectofthisagreement.
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3.4.12.OtherprovisionsforthepurposesofGuarantees
The National Government shall prioritise the actions and strategies necessary in terms of
intelligence within the plans and programmes developed by the state for the purpose of
dismantlingandprosecutingtheconductandorganisationsdescribedinthepresentagreement.
TheNationalGovernment shalldrive forward themeasuresnecessary for removing from the
databases of security and intelligence agencies, the names and information relating to the
membersofhumanrightsorganisations,membersoftheoppositionandthemembersofthe
newpoliticalmovementthatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivity
andtheirfamilies,whereincluded,forthesolereasonofbeingsuch.
3.4.13.Pleaagreementswiththeaforesaidorganisations
Withintheframeworkoftheordinaryjurisdictionandinordertocontributetothefightagainst
thecriminalorganisationswithwhichthispointisconcerned,tostrengthentheguaranteesof
securityacrossthecountry'sterritoriesandfacilitatethecreationoffavourableconditionsfor
peacebuilding,theNationalGovernment,coordinatingwiththejudiciary,willpresentadraftlaw
topromotepleaagreementswiththeaforesaidorganisationsbymeansofthespeciallegislative
processforpeace.
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4.SolutiontotheIllicitDrugsProblem
The internal conflict in Colombia has a long history spanning a number of decades, which
predatesandhascausesotherthantheappearanceofcropsusedforillicitpurposesonalarge
scaleandtheproductionandsaleofillicitdrugacrossthecountry’sterritories.
The persistence of the crops is in part linked to the existence of conditions of poverty,
marginalisation,weakpresenceofinstitutions,aswellastheexistenceofcriminalorganisations
dedicatedtodrugtrafficking.
Inordertocontributetotheaimoflayingthefoundationsfortheconstructionofastableand
long-lastingpeaceitisnecessary,interalia,tofindadefinitivesolutiontotheproblemofillicit
drugs,includingcropsusedforillicitpurposesandtheproductionandsaleofillicitdrugs.
Weaspiretobeacountryatpeaceandwithouttheproblemofillicitdrugs,andweareaware
thattheachievementofthisaimalsodependsonagreementsanddefinitionswithaglobalscope
byallofthestates,inparticularbythosewhichhavebeendirectlyorindirectlyaffectedbythis
transnationalproblem.
Onthebasisoftheforegoing,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPconsider:
Thatmanyregionsandcommunitiesacrossthecountry,especiallythoseinconditionsofpoverty
andneglect,havebeendirectlyaffectedbythecultivation,productionandsaleofillicitdrugs,
leadingtoadeepeningoftheirmarginalisation,inequality,gender-basedviolenceandalackof
development.
Thattheproductionandsaleofillicitdrugsandcriminaleconomieshavehadseriouseffectson
theColombianpeople,inbothruralandurbanareas,impairingtheirenjoymentandexerciseof
theirrightsandliberties,andthatwomenandyoungpeoplehavebeenparticularlyaffectedby
thesecriminaleconomies.
That thesephenomenahaveasevere influenceonspecific formsofviolencethatparticularly
affectwomen,victimsofhumantrafficking,sexualexploitationandviolenceresultingfromthe
useof illicit drugs, amongothers,which requires the trainingofwomen in theplanning and
monitoringofactiontocombatthiskindofviolence.
Thatthecultivation,productionandsaleofillicitdrugshavepenetrated,fuelledandfinancedthe
internalconflict.
That institutions at both national and local level have been affected, in their integrity and
performarnce,bythecorruptionassociatedwithdrugtrafficking.
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Thatvarioussectorsofsocietyhavebeendirectlyor indirectlyengagedintheproductionand
saleofillicitdrugs.
Thatalltheforegoinghascontributedtounderminingvaluesandpeacefulcoexistenceandhas
constitutedafactorthatharmsthepossibilityofprogressingtowardssocialinclusion,equalityof
opportunitybetweenmenandwomenandtheexpansionofdemocracy.
Thatinviewofthissituationtheendoftheconflicthastorepresentanopportunitytoconstruct
acollectiveandcomprehensivesolutiontotheillicitdrugsproblem.
Thatasaresultofalltheforegoingitisnecessarytoplananewvisionthatdealswiththecauses
and consequences of this phenomenon, especially by presenting alternatives that lead to
improvingthewell-beingandqualityof lifeofcommunities—menandwomen—acrossthe
country’sterritoriesthathavebeenaffectedbycropsusedforillicitpurposes;thattacklesdrug
use with a public health focus and that intensifies the fight against criminal organisations
dedicated todrug trafficking, including activities related to illicit finances,money laundering,
traffickingofchemicalprecursorsandthefightagainstcorruption,dismantlingtheentirevalue
chainofdrugtrafficking.
Thatthisnewvisioninvolvesseekingevidence-basedalternativesandprovidingadifferentand
differentiatedtreatmenttotheissueofdruguse,theproblemofcropsusedforillicitpurposes
andorganisedcrimeassociatedwithdrugtrafficking,whichundulyexploitsyoungpeople.Inthat
respect, new policies are required that reflect this new vision and differentiated treatment,
always within the framework of a comprehensive and balanced approach to counteract the
globalproblemofillicitdrugs.
Thatthesepoliciesmustbegovernedbytheexerciseoftheprinciplesofsovereignequalityand
non-interventionintheinternalaffairsofotherstatesandmustensurecoordinatedactionwithin
theframeworkofinternationalcooperation,insofarasthesolutiontotheproblemofillicitdrugs
isthecollectiveresponsibilityofallstates.
That thesenewpolicieswillhaveageneral focusonhumanrightsandpublichealth,withan
equity-based and gender-based approach, and must be adjusted over time on the basis of
evidence, lessons of best practice and the recommendations of national and international
specialistorganisationsandexperts.
Thattheelementsofthepublicpoliciestacklingthedrugsproblemmusthavetheflexibilityto
allowtheincorporationofnewknowledgethatrendersthemmoreeffectiveandmustidentify
undesirablecostsandharm.
Thatthesepolicieswillgivespecialtreatmenttotheweakestlinksinthedrugtraffickingchain,
namelythepeoplethatcultivateanduseillicitdrugs,andwillintensifytheeffortsatdismantling
criminalorganisations.
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That,inordertoconstructsustainablesolutions,safeguardtherightsofcitizensandensurethe
non-recurrence of the problem, the policymust have a territorial-based approach based on
citizenparticipationandthepresenceandstrengthening,intermsofeffectiveness,efficiencyand
transparency,inparticularoftheinstitutionsresponsibleforsocialcareandthoseresponsible
forthesecurityandprotectionofcommunities.
Thatthepolicymustmaintaintherecognitionoftheancestralandtraditionalusesofthecoca
leaf,aspartofthecultural identityoftheindigenouscommunityandthepossibilityofuseof
cropsusedforillicitpurposesformedicalorscientificpurposesandotherlegitimateusesthat
areestablished.
Thatoneaspectofthesolutiontotheillicitdrugsproblemisthedefinitivesolutiontotheproblem
ofcropsusedforillicitpurposes,forwhichpurposeitisnecessarytoestablishanewprogramme
that,asapartofthestructuraltransformationofthecountrysidetargetedbytheComprehensive
RuralReform(ReformaRuralIntegral,CRR),contributestoimprovingthewell-beingandquality
oflifeofthepopulationsaffectedbythesecrops.
Thatitisnecessarytoseeknewoptionsfocussedonprocessesofsubstitutionofcropsusedfor
illicitpurposesandtheimplementationofComprehensivePlansfortheSubstitutionofCropsand
Alternative Agrarian Development (Planes Integrales de Sustitución y Desarrollo Alternativo,CPSAD)whichwillformpartofanewNationalComprehensiveProgrammefortheSubstitution
ofCropsUsedforIllicitPurposes(ProgramaNacionalIntegraldeSustitucióndeCultivosdeUsoIlícito,NCPS)whichwillhaveanewinstitutionalstructure.
Thatthedefinitivesolutionispossibleif itconstructedcollectivelybythecommunities—men
andwomen—andtheauthoritiesbymeansofprocessesforparticipativeplanning,onthebasis
of theGovernment’s commitment toeffectively implement theComprehensiveRuralReform
and the Comprehensive Plans for the Substitution of Crops and Alternative Agrarian
Developmentandthecommitmentofthecommunitiestomakingprogressintheprocessesof
voluntary substitution. This commitment to voluntary substitution on the part of the
communitiesisafundamentalfactorinachievingtheobjectives.
That thesolutionto theproblemofcropsused for illicitpurposesbymeansof thestructural
transformationacrossthecountry’sterritoriesandthecreationofwell-beingconditionsinvolves
theapplicationandrespectoftheprinciplesandregulationsoftheruleof lawonthepartof
institutionsandcitizens.
Thatthesolutiontotheillicitdrugsproblemalsorequiresthetacklingofthesubjectofdruguse
on the basis of the commitment and joint work between the authorities, communities and
familiesaroundapolicyforpromotinghealth,prevention,harmreduction,comprehensivecare
andsocialinclusionofusers,whichmusthaveanequity-basedandgender-basedapproach.
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That thedefinitivesolution to the illicitdrugsproblemrequiresan intensificationof the fight
againstthecriminalorganisationsdedicatedtodrugtraffickingandmoneylaundering,whichwill
also contribute to the creation of the conditions necessary for the implementation of the
Agreement across the country’s territories and the construction of a stable and long-lasting
peace.
Thatwithout prejudice to the limitations of the country to provide a definitive solution to a
transnationalproblem,everyeffortwillbemadetotransformtheconditionsofthecommunities
acrossthecountry’sterritoriesandtoensurethatColombiaisacountrywithoutcropsusedfor
illicitpurposesandwithoutdrugtrafficking.
Thatinanycasethedefinitivesolutiontotheillicitdrugsproblemisadynamicprocessthathas
torespondtotheconsensusofsocietyandtheinternationalcommunity,forwhichpurposeitis
necessarytoopenspacesforreflectionanddiscussionthatcapturethefeelingsofthepeople
affected,includingthecommunities.
ThatalltheforegoingisonlypossiblewiththegenuinecommitmentoftheGovernmentandthe
contributionofthecommunitiesandsocietyasawholeincludingthecommitmentoftheFARC-
EPtocontributeindifferentwaystothedefinitivesolutionoftheillicitdrugsproblem,whichis
anaimforallofColombiansociety.
Thatalloftheforegoingisonlypossiblewiththegenuinecommitmentofeveryone:
• ThecommitmentoftheNationalGovernmenttoputinplacepoliciesandprogrammesinthis
respect,tointensifyandtackleinadecisivemannerthefightagainstcorruptionininstitutions
causedbytheillicitdrugsproblem,andtoleadanefficientnationalprocesstodefinitelybreak
anykindofrelationshipbetweenthisscourgeandthevariousspheresofpubliclife.
• The commitment of the FARC-EP to contribute in an effectivemanner, with the greatest
determination and in different forms and bymeans of practical actions, to the definitive
solution to the illicit drugs problem, and in an end-of-conflict scenario, terminating any
relationshipwhichmayhavearisenwiththisphenomenonasaresultoftherebellion.
• Allthepersonswhohavebeeninvolvedinconductsassociatedwithanylinkinthechainof
cropsusedforillicitpurposesandtheirderivativeswithinthecontextoftheconflictandwho
appearbeforetheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,mustcommittofurnishingtheJudicialPanel
forAcknowledgementofTruth,ResponsibilityandDeterminationofFactsandConductofthe
SpecialJurisdictionforPeace,inathorough,detailedmanner,withwhatevernecessaryfacts
they know concerning the acts committed and the circumstances in which they were
committed,aswellasnecessaryandsufficientinformationthattheyholdinordertoattribute
liability.Theforegoingmusthelpguaranteetherightsofvictimstoreparationsandguarantees
ofnon-recurrence.
• TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPdeclaretheirfirmcommitmenttothedefinitive
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solutiontotheillicitdrugsproblem.
• Thecommitmentofallofsocietyasawhole, includingall itsdifferentformsofpoliticalor
socialorganisations,torejectanyrelationshipwiththeillicitdrugsproblemandthemoney
originatingtherefrom.
• Lastly,theconstructionofastableandlong-lastingpeaceinvolvesthedispositiononthepart
ofeveryonetocontributetotheclarificationoftherelationshipbetweentheconflictandthe
cultivation,productionandsaleofillicitdrugsandthelaunderingofmoneyresultingfromthis
problem,sothatdrugtraffickingneveragainthreatensthefutureofthecountry.
4.1. Programmes for substitution of crops used for illicit purposes. Comprehensive
development plans with the participation of communities — men and women — in the
planning, implementation and evaluation of the programmes for crop substitution and
environmentalregenerationoftheareasaffectedbysuchcrops.
Within the contextof theendof the conflict and thebuildingofpeace, andwith theaimof
creating both material and intangible welfare and well-being conditions for the populations
affectedbycropsusedforillicitpurposes,inparticularforsmall-scalefarmersinasituationof
povertythatcurrentlydependonthesecropsfortheirsubsistence,andtotherebyalsofinda
sustainableanddefinitivesolutiontotheproblemofcropsusedforillicitpurposesandtoallthe
problemsassociated therewith across the country’s territories, theNationalGovernmentwill
createandimplementanewNationalComprehensiveProgrammefortheSubstitutionofCrops
Used for IllicitPurposes (ProgramaNacional IntegraldeSustitucióndeCultivosdeUso Ilícito,NCPS).
The new National Comprehensive Programme for the Substitution of Crops Used for Illicit
Purposeswillbethecompetentnationalauthority,headedbythePresidencyoftheRepublic,in
coordination with the departmental and municipal authorities and will be civilian in nature
without prejudice to its coordination with the state authorities required to ensure its full
development,includingthoseresponsibleforthesecurityandprotectionofthecommunitiesin
accordancewiththeconceptofsecuritysetoutintheFinalAgreement.
The NCPS will initiate a process of participative planning to ensure the active and effective
participationofcommunities—menandwomen—inthedecision-makingprocessandinthe
collective construction of solutions. After signing the Final Agreement and under the terms
agreedinChapters3and6oftheAgendaoftheGeneralAgreementtheFARC-EPwillparticipate
intheProgrammeandcontributetosolvingtheproblemsofcropsusedforillicitpurposes.
TheProgrammewillcontributetothestructuraltransformationsofruralsocietyresultingfrom
theimplementationoftheComprehensiveRuralReform(CRR),ofwhichitformspart,andtothe
establishmentofthecitizenparticipationmechanismsagreedupon.
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The agreements reachedhereinwill be implementedwithout prejudice to the commitments
madebytheGovernmentandtheauthoritieswithcommunitiesandtheirorganisationswithin
thecontextof spaces fordirectdialogue, inwhich theproperachievement thereofhasbeen
agreed.
4.1.1. Principles
InsofarastheNationalComprehensiveProgrammefortheSubstitutionofCropsUsedforIllicit
Purposes(NCPS)formspartoftheComprehensiveRuralReform(CRR),itwillbegovernedbythe
followingprinciples,inadditiontotheprinciplesagreedwithintheframeworkofsaidReform:
• Integration in the Comprehensive Rural Reform (CRR): the NCPS is a component of the
Comprehensive Rural Reform. It deals with populations and territories with specific
characteristicsthatconsequentlyrequireadditionalspecialmeasureswithrespecttoother
ruralcommunities.Theterritoriesaffectedbycropsusedforillicitpurposesmayoverlapwith
prioritised areas wherein the Development Programmes with a Territorial-Based Focus
(ProgramasdeDesarrolloconEnfoqueTerritorial,DPTFs)areimplemented,inwhichcasethe
acts and implementationof theProgrammemustbepromotedwithin the contextof the
Action Plan for Regional Transformation of the territory in question. In cases where the
territories do not overlap with the DPTFs, comprehensive development plans will be
implementedinagreementwithcommunities,withintheagriculturalfrontier,ortheplans
and programmes dealt with under the third sub-heading of section 1.1.10 will be
implemented,withtheaimofcontributingtoclosingtheagriculturalfrontier.
Integrationalsoinvolvestheinter-relation,engagementandlinkingoflocal,territorialand
nationalmatters.Inthatrespect,theNCPSwillbeintegratedintothedevelopmentplansat
thedifferentlevelsofterritorialplanning.
• Concerted andparticipative collective construction: the transformationof the territories
andthealternativesforcommunitiesthatinhabittheareasaffectedbycropsusedforillicit
purposes,whetherornottheyaredirectlyinvolvedinthesecrops,willworkonthebasisof
participative and collective construction between such communities and the national,
departmental and municipal authorities in solving the problem of crops used for illicit
purposes and overcoming conditions of poverty. The collective constructionwill proceed
fromthedecisionofthecommunities—menandwomen—toabandonthesecropsand
makethetransitiontoothereconomicactivitiesbymeansofcropsubstitution.Consultation
with the communities is an essential priority for planning and establishing guidelines for
implementationandmonitoringoftheProgrammeintheterritory.
• Equity-basedapproachaccordingtotheconditionsineachterritory:theNCPSimplemented
musthaveaterritorial-basedandgender-basedapproachunderthetermsdefinedintheCRR
(Chapter1),i.e.itmustrecogniseandtakeaccountoftheeconomic,culturalandsocialissues,
characteristicsandneedsoftheterritoriesandruralcommunities,inparticularofindigenous
communitiesandcommunitiesofAfricandescent,andofwomeninthesecommunitiesand
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territories, and ensure socio-environmental sustainability. The participative nature of the
NCPSwillmake it possible todrawupplans in accordancewith the specific features and
socioeconomicnatureoftheproblemasitpresentsitselfinthevariousregionsacrossthe
country’sterritories.
• Respectandapplicationoftheprinciplesandregulationsoftheruleoflawandcoexistence
ofcitizens:theachievementofthestructuraltransformationsoftheterritoriesguaranteeing
thewell-beingandqualityoflifeofthecommunitiesaffectedbythepresenceofcropsused
forillicitpurposesandthetransitiontowardslegaleconomiesinvolvestheapplicationand
respect,byinstitutionsandcitizens,oftheprinciplesandregulationsoftheruleoflaw,the
strengtheningofdemocraticvalues, coexistenceof citizensand theobservanceofhuman
rights.
• Voluntary substitution: On the basis of the decision and commitment of cultivators to
abandoncropsusedforillicitpurposes,voluntarysubstitutionisafundamentalprincipleof
theProgramme,inordertobuildtrustamongcommunitiesandcreateconditionsthatcan
contributetosolvingtheproblemofcropsusedforillicitpurposes,withoutdetrimenttothe
economic,socialandenvironmentalsustainabilityofthecommunitiesandtheterritoriesin
question.This involvesaction forpromotingvoluntary substitutionanddefining, together
withthecommunities,cropsubstitutionalternativesthataresustainablefromaneconomic
and socio-environmental perspective and sufficient to strengthen family-run economies,
ensuringdecentlivingconditions.Theaforesaidisontheunderstandingthattheprocessof
substitutionandthesustainabilitythereofrequiresthesupportoftheGovernmentunderthe
termsagreedwiththecommunities.(Seeitemrelatingto“Agreementwiththecommunities”
and“Participativeconstructionanddevelopmentofcomprehensivecommunity-basedand
municipalplansforsubstitutionofillicitcropsandalternativeagrariandevelopment(CPSAD).
4.1.2. Aims
TheNationalComprehensiveProgrammefortheSubstitutionofCropsUsedforIllicitPurposes
willbe implementedwithintheframeworkandasapartoftheComprehensiveRuralReform
(CRR)andmustachievethefollowingaims:
• Overcomingtheconditionsofpovertyinruralcommunities,andinparticularthefamilycores
thatformsuchcommunities,whichhavebeenaffectedbycropsusedforillicitpurposes,by
creating conditions of well-being and quality of life across the country’s territories; and
contributing to the structural transformations of rural society resulting from the
implementation of the Comprehensive Rural Reform (CRR) and from the initiation of the
componentsofChapter2“PoliticalParticipation”.
• Promotingthevoluntarysubstitutionofcropsusedforillicitpurposesbydrivingforwardthe
comprehensivecommunity-basedandmunicipalplansforsubstitutionofcropsusedforillicit
purposes and alternative agrarian development, drawn up in dialoguewith andwith the
directparticipationofthecommunitiesinvolved.
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• Creating policies and productive opportunities for growers —men and women— by
promotingassociativepracticesandsolidarity-basedeconomies;andcreatingemployment
opportunitiesandpoliciesforharvestersandandshare-croppers4associatedwithcropsused
forillicitpurposes,withintheframeworkoftheCRRandwiththepossibilityofchoosingto
bebeneficiariesunderthetermsofsection1.1.3thereof.
• Contributing to the closure of the agricultural frontier, regeneration of ecosystems and
sustainabledevelopment,underthetermsagreedinsection1.1.10oftheCRR.Withthisaim,
theNCPSwill support the development plans of the Peasant Enterprise Zones (Zonas deReservaCampesina,PEZ)establishedandwhichmaybeestablished,aswellasotherforms
oforganisationorassociation,incaseswheretheseoverlapwithareasaffectedbycropsused
for illicit purposes. As established in Item 1, the Peasant Enterprise Zones are agrarian
initiatives that contribute to the construction of peace, the safeguarding of the political,
economic, social and cultural rights of small-scale farmers, to development with socio-
environmentalandfoodsustainabilityandtothereconciliationofColombiancitizens.Asa
consequence, itwillbeconsideredaprioritytodealwiththemeasures laidout insection
1.1.10oftheCRRandinparticularthoserelatingtoPEZs.
• Strengthening the participation and capabilities of small-scale farmer’s organisations,
including rural women’s organisations, to provide support (technical, financial, human
support,interalia)fortheirprojects.• Involving women as active subjects in the agreement processes in relation to voluntary
substitution,recognisingtheiractiveroleintheprocessesofruraldevelopment.
• Strengtheningtherelationshipsoftrust,solidarityandcoexistence,andreconciliationwithin
communities.
• ContributingtotheaimsoftheSystemfortheprogressiverealisationoftherightto food
(Sistemaparalagarantíaprogresivadelderechoalaalimentación),accordingtotheterms
establishedinsection1.3.4oftheCRR.
• Ensuring that the national territory is free from crops used for illicit purposes, whilst
respectinghumanrights,theenvironmentandwell-being.
• Strengtheningthepresenceofstateinstitutionsintheterritoriesaffectedbycropsusedfor
illicitpurposes,promotingthecomprehensivedevelopmentandsatisfactionoftherightsof
all citizens; ensuring the security, coexistence and observance and protection of human
rights; and ensuring the provision of infrastructure, public services, education, access to
media,interalia,suchthatrespectandapplicationoftheprinciplesandregulationsoftherule of law are ensured. Security across the territories affected by crops used for illicit
purposeswillbeensuredinconsiderationofthefoundationsandguaranteeslaiddowninthe
FinalAgreementandincompliancewiththeprinciplesandobligationsthatinspirearuleof
law.
• Strengtheningthemanagementcapabilitiesofcommunitiesandtheirorganisationsbymeans
ofthedirectparticipationthereofinthepreparation,implementation,monitoring,evaluation
andcitizencontrolandoversightoftheNCPS,asadevelopmentoftheprincipleofcollective,
participativeandconcertedconstructionbetweenthecommunities—menandwomen—
andtheauthorities.
4Share-cropper(amediero):aruralinhabitantortenantfarmerwhogivesapartofeachcropasrent.
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• EnsuringthesustainabilityoftheNCPSacrossthecountry’sterritoriesasaguaranteeofthe
definitivesolutiontotheproblemofcropsusedforillicitpurposesbymeansofcontinuous
andpersistentinterventionbythestate,whichmustbedemonstratedinconditionsofwell-
being and quality of life for the communities; and by means of the participation and
commitmentofallpartiesincludingtheFARC-EPaftersigningoftheFinalAgreementwithin
theframeworkoftheirsocialandeconomicreincorporation.
• Promotingandstrengtheningprojectsforinvestigation,reflectionandanalysisofthereality
forwomeninrelationtocropsusedforillicitpurposes,inordertotackletheissuefroman
equity-basedpointofview.
4.1.3. Description and elements of the National Comprehensive Programme for the
SubstitutionofCropsUsedforIllicitPurposes
TheNationalComprehensiveProgrammefortheSubstitutionofCropsUsedforIllicitPurposes
will be a special section of the Comprehensive Rural Reform (CRR) laid out in the present
Agreementandwillrespondtotheparticularneedsoftheterritoriesaffectedbycropsusedfor
illicitpurposes.
InthiscontextandinaccordancewiththeprinciplesandaimsoftheCRR,theNCPSwillcontribute
tothecreationofconditionsenablingthecommunitiesthatinhabittheareasaffectedbycrops
usedforillicitpurposestoenjoyconditionsofwell-beingandqualityoflifeandtoallowpersons
directlylinkedtocropsusedforillicitpurposestohavetheopportunitytodisengagefullyfrom
thisactivity.
Tothatend,theNCPScomplementsandisintegratedwiththeplansandprogrammesagreed
within the frameworkof theComprehensiveRuralReform (CRR)ofChapter1with regard to
accessandlandaccessandtitling,landimprovement,housing,technicalassistance,stimulifor
solidarity-based and cooperative economies, subsidies, generation of income and credit,
marketingandsales,publicprocurementprogrammesaswellastheprovisionofpublicservices
andassets.
TheNCPSwillpromote thevoluntary substitutionof cropsused for illicitpurposesbydriving
forwardthecomprehensivecommunity-basedandmunicipalplansforsubstitutionofcropsused
for illicit purposes and alternative agrarian development within the framework of the
Comprehensive Rural Reform (CRR), planned in consultation with and with the direct
participationofthecommunitiesinvolved—menandwomen.
Itwill beensured thatwomenare involved in theplanning, implementation,monitoringand
evaluationofthecomprehensiveplansforthesubstitutionofcropsusedforillicitpurposesand
alternative agrarian development, and thatwomen receive training to prevent gender-based
violenceassociatedwithdrugs.
InordertostrengthenthecapabilitiesoftheNCPSandcontributetotheeffectivenessthereofin
achieving the aim of creating conditions of well-being and quality of life for the population
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affectedbycropsusedforillicitpurposesandensuringadefinitivesolutiontotheproblemof
cropsusedforillicitpurposes,theNCPSmaylinkupcommunityleaders.
TheformsofparticipationandcontributionbytheFARC-EPwillbedefinedinthediscussionof
Chapters3and6oftheAgendaoftheGeneralAgreement.
TheNationalComprehensiveProgrammefortheSubstitutionofCropsUsedforIllicitPurposes
willincludethefollowingelements:
4.1.3.1.Securityconditionsforthecommunitiesandterritoriesaffectedbycropsusedforillicit
purposes:
In addition to the creation of conditions for fulfilling the economic and social rights of the
populationandforcomprehensivedevelopment,thesustainabilityoftheNCPSandcompliance
withitsaimsatthesametimerequiretheprovisionofsecurityconditionsandguaranteesforthe
communities and territories affected by crops used for illicit purposes, by strengthening the
presenceofstate institutionsandtheircapabilities toprotectcommunities, inparticularwith
regardtoanykindofcoercionorthreat,andtheir interdictionandprosecutioncapabilitiesof
territorial-baseddrugtraffickingnetworksinaccordancewiththesecurityconceptlaidoutinthe
FinalAgreement.
Theprotectionofcommunities,thesafeguardingoftherightto lifeandthewell-beingofthe
rural population also require ensuring the performance of demining, for which purpose the
NationalGovernment,after thesigningof theFinalAgreementandwithin thecontextof the
implementationthereof,willestablishaprogrammefordeminingandclearingtheareasofthe
nationalterritorythathavebeenaffectedbythelayingofanti-personnelminesandunexploded
ordnance.
ThisisajointaimtowhichtheGovernmentandtheFARC-EPwillcontributeindifferentwaysand
ascorrespondstoeachparty,includingtheprovisionofinformation,underthetermssetforth
intheFinalAgreementandaspartofthemutualcommitmentwiththeaimofendingtheconflict
andbuildingastableandlong-lastingpeace.
Theforegoingiswithoutprejudicetotheagreementsreachedwithregardtofulfillingtherights
ofvictims.
ThiscommitmentinparticularinvolvestheterritorieswheretheNCPSisbeingdrivenforward.
4.1.3.2.Agreementswithcommunities:
An indisputable foundation of the definitive solution to the problem of crops used for illicit
purposesisthatitisvoluntaryandcarriedoutbymutualagreementandthereforethatitisthe
manifestwillofthecommunities—menandwomen—topursuealternativepathstocropsused
forillicitpurposes,aswellasthecommitmentoftheGovernmenttocreateandensuredecent
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living and working conditions for well-being and quality of life. In order to formalise that
commitmentandthedecisiontosubstitutecropsusedfor illicitpurposes,agreementswillbe
concludedbetweencommunities,theNationalGovernmentandterritorial-basedentities,prior
totheimplementationoftheProgrammeinaterritory.
The agreement includes the formalisation of both the commitment of communities to the
voluntary substitution agreed upon, to refrain from replanting, the full commitment not to
cultivateorbeinvolvedinworkassociatedwiththecultivationofcropsusedforillicitpurposes
andnottoparticipateintheillegalsaleofrawmaterialsderivedfromthem,andthecommitment
oftheGovernmenttothe implementationoftheImmediateAttentionPlan(Plandeatencióninmediata)andtheestablishmentoftheprocessofparticipativeandconcertedjointconstruction
ofthecomprehensivecommunity-basedandmunicipalplansforsubstitutionofcropsusedfor
illicitpurposesandalternativeagrariandevelopment.
Theagreementswiththecommunitieswilldefinethetimeframesforfulfillingthecommitments
made by the Government and the communities within the framework of the process of
substitution.Itisaquestionofreachingagreementstokeepterritoriesfreefromcropsusedfor
illicitpurposes.Coexistencebetweenbeingabeneficiaryofasubstitutionprogrammeandbeing
linkedtoeconomiesrelatedtocropsusedforillicitpurposesisnotacceptable.
Incaseswhere,inthecontextofconcludingagreementswithcommunitieswithintheframework
oftheNCPS,therearesomegrowerswhodonotdeclaretheirdecisiontosubstitutecropsused
for illicit purposes or fail to comply with the commitments made without the existence of
unforeseeablecircumstancesorforcemajeuredespitethebesteffortsoftheProgrammeandthe
communities topersuadethem,theGovernmentwillproceedtoremovethecropsmanually,
priortoaprocessofsocialisationandinformationwiththecommunities.
Incaseswherethereisnoagreementwiththecommunities,theGovernmentwillproceedto
removethecropsusedforillicitpurposes,prioritisingmanualremovalwherepossible,bearing
inmindrespectforhumanrights,theenvironment,healthandwell-being.Ifsubstitutionisnot
possible,theGovernmentdoesnotwaivetheinstrumentsthatitbelievestobemosteffective,
includingaerialsprayingtoensuretheeradicationofcropsusedforillicitpurposes.TheFARC-EP
considerthatinanycaseofremovalthismustbeeffectedmanually.
4.1.3.3.Prioritisationofterritories:
TheNCPSwillhavenationalcoveragebuttheimplementationthereofwillbeinitiallylaunched
intheterritoriesprioritisedaccordingtothefollowingcriteria:
• Areas prioritised within the framework of the DPTFs, bearing in mind the principle of
integrationintheComprehensiveRuralReform;
• Densityofcropsusedforillicitpurposesandpopulationdensity;
• NationalNaturalParks(ParquesNacionalesNaturales,NNP);
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• Cases where communities that are not situated within the territories identified in the
precedingcriteriahavereceivedspecialjudicialtreatment.Inthosecases,specialassistance
measureswillbesetupincoordinationwiththeregionalandlocalauthorities,whichinclude
accesstotheGovernment’ssocialsupportprogrammeswithoutprejudicetothepossibilities
for access to the national plans agreed within the framework of the CRR and being
beneficiariesunderthetermsestablishedinsection1.1.5oftheCRR.
In placeswhere the substitution plans do not overlapwith the DPTFs, the communitieswill
benefit from the national plans of the CRR and special programmes on the part of the
departmentalandmunicipalauthoritiesincoordinationwiththeNCPS.
4.1.3.4.Specialjudicialtreatment:
Withinthecontextofendingtheconflictandasaresultofitscontributiontotheconstructionof
peaceandthemosteffectiveuseof judicialresourcesagainstcriminalorganisations linkedto
drug trafficking andon thebasis of a comprehensive vision for thedefinitive solutionof the
problemofcropsusedforillicitpurposes,whichhasmultiplecausesasitsorigin,includingsocial
ordercausesandinordertofacilitatethestart-upoftheNCPS,theGovernmentundertakesto
processthelegislativeamendmentsrequiredtoallowthewaiveronatransitionalbasisofthe
exerciseofpenalactionorproceedtotheterminationofthepenalsanctionagainstsmall-scale
farmerswhoareorhavebeenlinkedtothecultivationofcropsusedforillicitpurposeswhen,
withinatimelimitof1year,startingfromtheentryintoforceofthenewregulation,theyformally
declare before the competent authorities their decision to renounce the cultivation or
maintenanceofcropsusedforillicitpurposes.TheGovernmentwillguaranteethedeployment
oftheNCPSinallareaswithcropsusedforillicitpurposesthisyearsothatagreementscanbe
entered into with communities and so that their effective implementation can begin. The
regulatoryamendmentmustestablishthecriteriaforidentifyingsmallfarmersofcropsusedfor
illicitpurposes.
Thevoluntarydeclarationtorenouncethecultivationofcropsusedforillicitpurposesandfrom
thecontinuationof saidactivitymaybegivenonan individualbasisorwithin thecontextof
substitutionagreementswiththecommunities.
Thistreatmentmayberevokedduetoanyrepetitionofconductassociatedwithanylinkinthe
chainofcropsusedforillicitpurposesandtheirderivatives.Priorityintheimplementationwill
begiventoprogrammesforthesubstitutionofcropsusedforillicitpurposes.
4.1.3.5.Participativeconstructionanddevelopmentofthecomprehensivecommunity-based
andmunicipalplansforthesubstitutionofillicitcropsandalternativeagrariandevelopment
(Planesintegralescomunitariosymunicipalesdesustituciónydesarrolloalternativo,CPSAD):
In consideration of the political, economic, social, environmental and cultural nature of the
problemtobetackledandtheeffectsresultingfromthelackofdevelopmentinruralareas,illegal
economiesandtheviolenceassociatedwithcropsusedforillicitpurposes,thebroadestpossible
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participationfromcommunities—menandwomen—isrequired,includingthosecommunities
directly involvedwithcultivation, inorder to formulate, implementandmonitor theCPSADs,
therebyachieving theaimsof theNCPS.For thesepurposesand inorder to strengthen local
democracy,themunicipalityandtheauthoritiesthereofhavetoplayacentralroletogetherwith
thecommunities.
ThisprocessofparticipativeplanningbycommunitiesjointlywiththeNationalGovernmentand
the local authorities must be the result of the formulation and implementation of the
comprehensivesubstitutionplanssoastoachieveastructuraltransformationoftheterritory
andthusthedefinitivesolutiontotheproblemofcropsusedforillicitpurposes.
• Communityassemblies:
Inordertoestablishthebottom-upparticipativeplanningprocess,communityassemblieswillbe
supportedandstrengthened,wheretherewillbeeffectiveparticipationofmenandwomenin
thecommunity,andmonitoringunitswillbesetupatmunicipal levelandbythecommunity
assemblies.
Thecommunityassembliesformthebasisoftheparticipativeplanningscheme.Thisbeginswith
thedraftingofaproposalcontainingacomprehensivevisionfortheterritoryandidentifyingthe
needs,opportunitiesandpriorities,withintheframeworkoftheNCPSandinaccordancewith
thecontentthereof.Thecommunityassemblieswillincorporateallthecommunitiesinthearea
affected,includingtheproducersofcropsusedforillicitpurposes,andwillensuretheeffective
participationofwomeninthesespaces.Thenecessaryassemblieswillbeformed,togetherwith
thecommunities,ineachmunicipality,inaccordancewiththecharacteristicsoftheterritoryand
thepopulation,specifyingtheterritorial-basedscopeofsuchassemblies.
The participative construction of a comprehensive vision for the territory firstly requires the
preparationofaproposalonthebasisofacollectivediagnosisenablingtheestablishmentofthe
social, economic andenvironmental characterisationof the territory, the fundingneeded for
physical, social and institutional infrastructure, the prioritisation of projects thatmeet these
needs,theopportunitiesforproductiveactivitiesandtheidentificationofareaswithcropsused
forillicitpurposesandtheirdistributionacrosstheterritory.
The NCPS, as the competent national authority, will define and implement a participative
planning methodology, guided by the methodology for the construction of the DPTFs and
reflectingthecontributionsmadebytheassemblies.TheNCPSwillprovidetechnicalassistance
to communities in the process of constructing the comprehensive vision and the proposal,
identifyingtheprojectsandpriorities,incoordinationwiththemunicipalities.
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• Comprehensivecommunity-basedandmunicipalplansforsubstitutionofillicitcropsand
alternativeagrariandevelopment
Thevariousproposalsofthecommunityassemblieswillformthebasisfortheconstructionof
the comprehensive municipal plan for substitution of crops used for illicit purposes and
alternativeagrariandevelopmentfortheareasaffectedbycropsusedforillicitpurposes,which
willbepreparedandimplementedwiththeactiveparticipationofthecommunities, including
thesocial territorial-basedorganisationsthereof.Withintheframeworkofthemunicipalplan
andbearinginmindtheproposalsoftherespectiveassemblies,thecommunity-basedplanswill
beprepared,whichwillformanintegralpartofthemunicipalplan.Boththemunicipalplansand
the community-based plans will be constructed between the communities, the national,
departmentalandmunicipalauthoritiesandtheNCPS,asthecompetentnationalauthority.
Inorder toensure that thevariousproposalsof theassembliesare incorporated,prioritised,
validatedandcoordinatedinamunicipalplanforsubstitutionofcropsusedforillicitpurposes
and alternative agrarian development, the NCPS must set up municipal committees for
participativeplanningwiththemunicipal,departmentalandnationalauthoritiesinvolvedinthe
implementationoftheNCPSandwiththedelegateselectedbytheassemblies.
The municipal plan incorporating the proposals of the communities and formed of the
community-basedplanswillformthebasisforimplementationoftheNCPS.
Themainunits forparticipativeplanningat local levelarethecommunityassembliesandthe
municipalparticipativeplanningcommittees,ofwhichthedelegatesoftheassembliesforma
structuralcomponent.Thestructureandcontentoftheplansareconstructedonabottom-up
basis,fromthelevelofthecommunityassemblies,withthemethodologyoftheNCPSandthe
technicalassistancenecessarytakingintoaccountthelocaltechniciansandthosesuggestedby
thecommunities.Intheconstructionofthemunicipalplan,themethodologymustensurethe
greatest possible participation and inclusion and the greatest possible faithfulness to the
proposalsoftheassemblies,themaximumconsensuspossibleandtheoptimisationandgreatest
degree of fairness in the use of the resources. The NCPS will have direct contact with the
communitiesinthedefinitionandimplementationofitsguidelines.
Themunicipalplanthatresultsfromtheexerciseofparticipativeplanningwithintheframework
of the municipal committees will be disclosed in an appropriate manner at the community
assembliesinordertoensureunderstandingandsocialownershipthereof.
Thecommunityassemblieswillelecttheirdelegatesandiftheydeemitnecessarymayformthem
asboards,committees,councilsoranyformoforganisationthatmakedecisionsbymeansofa
vote, inordertoparticipateinthemunicipalcommitteesforparticipativeplanningandinthe
councils for evaluation and monitoring of the plans for substitution of crops used for illicit
purposes and alternative agrarian development, and to facilitate coordination between the
assemblies and the authorities of the NCPS. The delegates will be accountable for their
managementandactivitiestothecommunityassembliesthattheyrepresent.
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For the implementation of the substitution plans, preference shall be given to contracting
community organisations and the creation of jobs in the areas related to the NCPS shall be
promoted, for which purpose social and community organisations and cooperatives, also
including ruralwomen’s organisations, shall be strengthened and solidarity-based associative
practicesandtechnicaltrainingshallbepromoted.
Thecropsubstitutionplansshallbeincorporatedinthemunicipal,departmentalandnational
developmentplans.
• IntegrationwiththeDPTFs
IncaseswheretheNCPSoverlapswiththeareasprioritisedbytheDevelopmentProgrammes
with a Territorial-Based Focus DPTFs, (see Chapter 1), the integration necessary for the
substitutionplansandtheactionplanforregionaltransformationshallbeeffectedbearing in
mindtheparticipativemethodologyestablishedwithintheframeworkofwhathasbeenagreed
in Chapter 1 for the construction of the action plans for regional transformation. The
methodology shall ensure the effective participation of the delegates from the community
assemblies,andtheconsensusshallbethefoundationforthedecision-makingprocess.
• Monitoringandevaluation
Themonitoringandevaluationoftheimplementationandachievementofthecommunity-based
plansshallbecarriedouttogetherwiththeauthorities,withintheframeworkofthecommunity
assemblies,andshallserveasthebasisforthemonitoringandevaluationatmunicipallevelwith
theparticipationofthedelegatesfromthecommunityassemblies.
Themonitoringandevaluationoftheimplementationandachievementofthemunicipalplans
shallbecarriedoutperiodicallywithintheframeworkofthemunicipalcouncilsforevaluation
andmonitoringof theplans for substitutionof cropsused for illicitpurposesandalternative
agrarian development, which shall be composed of the delegates from the community
assemblies and the national, departmental and municipal authorities involved in the
developmentoftheNCPS.TheCouncilmayinvitetheparticipationofothersocialandeconomic
sectorsof themunicipality suchas ruralorganisations,businesspeople, churches,educational
institutionsandnon-governmentalorganisations.
The councils and community assemblies shall be spaces for accountabilityon thepartof the
NCPS,theauthoritiesandthecommunitiescarryingoutprojects.
4.1.3.6.Componentsofthecomprehensiveplansforthesubstitutionofcrops:
Giventhespecificconditionsofthecommunitiesthatareparticularlyaffectedbycropsusedfor
illicitpurposes,inadditiontoprojectsfortheimplementationoftheNationalPlansagreedunder
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Chapter 1 (adaptation of land, road and communications infrastructure, social development,
technical assistance, credit and financing, marketing, government purchases, etc.), where
appropriate, thecomprehensiveplans for the substitutionof crops in thesecommunitieswill
includethefollowingcomponents:
a. Immediateattentionplananddevelopmentofruralproductiveprojects
Onceacommitmenthasbeenmadetosubstitutionandtorefrainfromreplantingcropsusedfor
illicitpurposes,andwithaviewtohelpinggrowers,harvestersandshare-croppers—menand
women— to switch to a legal activity, through immediate supportmeasures to ensure their
livelihoodand foodsecurity for theirhouseholds;and toensure, forgrowers,harvestersand
share-croppersandforcommunitiesingeneral,incomeandconditionsofwell-beingandquality
of life, by putting in place sustainable, long-term rural productive projects, the following
measureswillbeimplemented:
• Forthehouseholdsofgrowersinvolvedwithcropsusedforillicitpurposes:
o Immediatefoodassistanceconsistingofdirectdeliveryofgroceries,ortheequivalentin
vouchersoranyothersystemestablishedaccordingtotheparticularrequirementsofthe
territoryinquestion,foruptooneyear,dependingonthesizeofeachhouseholdandthe
particularcharacteristicsandneedsofeachpopulationandregion,andthedevelopment
ofincome-generatingprojects.Prioritywillbegiventolocalsuppliersfortheprovisionof
thegroceriesandsolidarityassociationswillbefosteredsothattheycancontractwith
theGovernmenttheprocurementoffoodstuffs.
o Establishmentofvegetablegardensanddeliveryofsmallerspeciesofanimalswiththe
necessarytechnicalsupport,provisionofsuppliesandanimalfeed, inaccordancewith
thepreferenceofeachhousehold.
o Projects for generating rapid income, such as short-cycle crops, fish farming, poultry
farming,interalia,withthenecessarytechnicalsupport,targetedtomeettheimmediate
needs of households and replace, expediently and to a sufficient degree, the income
previously obtained from crops used for illicit purposes, in accordance with the
preferenceofeachhouseholdandtheconditionsandpotentialofthearea.
Atthesametime,aspartoftheComprehensiveRuralReform(CRR),long-termruralproductive
projectswillbestructuredtogetherwithgrowersandsmall-scaleproducers intheterritory—
menandwomen—toprovidefamilieswithbetterincomeanddecentlivingconditions.Priority
willbegiventofoodproductionandthecreationofaddedvalueandproductionchainssoasto
meetinthefirst instancethedemandofthecommunitiesthemselves,butalsotorespondto
nichesinthedomesticorinternationalmarket.Inadditiontoagriculturalandlivestockactivities,
craft,industrialandservicebusinesseswillbepromoted,especiallythosethatgenerateadded
valuewithrespecttowhatisproducedbycommunities,andothersofcommunityinterestinline
withthepotentialofeachregion,soastoensureaguaranteedincomeanddecentemployment
forthoseinruralcommunities–themenandwomen–whoareespeciallyaffectedbycropsused
forillicitpurposes.Therewillbespecialmeasurestopromoteacooperativesystemandsolidarity
economy.These initiativesmustbeguidedby theprinciplesunderlying theCRR, inparticular
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environmental sustainability andwell-being and quality of life, and,where appropriate, help
closing theagricultural frontierandpromoteregenerationof theenvironment. In thecaseof
share-cropperswhoaresettledandopttoremainintheregion,thesamepackageofimmediate
assistancewillbeprovided.
• Forthosemenandwomenwhoworkontheharvest,theinitiativeswillinclude:
o FoodAssistanceforharvesterslivingintheterritorieswheretheNCPSisimplemented:
thiswillconsistofdirectdeliveryofgroceries,ortheequivalentinvouchersoranyother
systemestablishedaccordingtotheparticularrequirementsoftheterritoryinquestion,
forup tooneyear,perhousehold5,according to theparticular characteristicsofeach
populationandregion.
o Temporaryemploymentopportunitiesforharvesters,boththosewhohavesettledinthe
region and those who have not: the identification of community projects and other
sourcesofemploymentarisingasaresultoftheComprehensiveRuralReform(CRR),in
whichprioritywillbegiventomembersofthehouseholdsofharvesters’families.This
doesnotexcludethepossibilityofoptingtobeabeneficiaryunderthetermsofsection
1.1.3.oftheCRR.
Theseinitiativeswillbegearedtowardsharvesters,boththosewhohavesettledintheregion
andthosewhohavenot,andsettledshare-croppers–menandwomen–livingintheregionthat
are identified in the census of the community assemblies and the NCPS carried out in a
participativeway.
• Forthecommunityingeneral:
o Earlychildhood:inordertofacilitateaccesstoemploymentopportunitiesforwomenwho
are heads of households and to contribute to food security in early childhood, a
programmeofruralnurserieswillbedevelopedinthevillagesaffectedbycropsusedfor
illicitpurposes.
o Schoolpopulation: inorderto improvethefoodsecurityofchildrenofschoolageand
maximise the numbers staying in education, a programme to build and fit out school
canteensandsupplyfoodwillbedevelopedtoensurethateverychildattendingschool
in theterritoriesaffectedbycropsusedfor illicitpurposesreceivesbreakfast,without
prejudicetotheagreedinsection1oftheSpecialPlanforRuralEducation,inparticular
theemergencyplans referred to in section1.3.4of theComprehensiveRuralReform,
Systemfortheprogressiverealisationoftherighttofood.�
o Jobopportunities:mechanismswillbeput inplacetoprovide informationtofacilitate
access to job opportunities arising as a result of the CRR and in particular the
comprehensiveplansforthesubstitutionofcropsandalternativeagrariandevelopment,
which will enable communities living in territories affected by crops used for illicit
purposes to identifyandaccess theavailable jobmarket,with the inclusionof special
measuresforruralwomen.
5Onlyonememberperharvesterhouseholdmayreceivedirectfoodassistancefortheirfamily.Ahouseholdmayconsistof
justoneperson.
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o Theelderly: implementationofprogrammestoeradicatehungeramongtheelderlyas
per section 1.3.4 of the Comprehensive Rural Reform, System for the progressive
realisationoftherighttofood.
o Povertyalleviationandincomegenerationprogrammeswillbeimplemented.
o Teamstoprovidebasichealthcarewillbesetup,withoutprejudicetotheprovisionsof
section1.3.2.1.NationalRuralHealthPlan.
o Toensuretheviabilityandsustainabilityofruralproductiveprojectsforthesubstitution
ofcropsusedforillicitpurposes,theGovernmentmustimplementtheplansreferredto
insection1.3.3oftheCRRregardingstimulatingthecooperativeandsolidarityeconomy,
technicalassistance,subsidies,generationofincomeandcredit,andmarketing.
Support measures under the NCPS will be conditional on compliance with the schedule of
commitments made by growers in the agreements on substitution and refrainment from
replanting.Thisisontheunderstandingthattheprocessofsubstitutionandthesustainability
thereofrequirethesupportoftheGovernmentunderthetermsagreedwiththecommunities.
Thedecisiontovoluntarilystopgrowingcropsusedfor illicitpurposesandtorenouncebeing
involvedinthisactivity,maybeexpressedindividuallyorthroughvoluntarysubstitutionpactsor
agreementswithcommunities. Inanycase,theremustbeafullcommitmenttoabstainfrom
growingorbeinginvolvedinworkassociatedwithgrowing,orparticipatingintheillegaltradeof
rawmaterialsderivedfromcropsusedforillicitpurposes.
b. Fast-tracksocialinfrastructureworks
Inordertorespondrapidlytotheneedsofcommunities,fast-tracksocialinfrastructureworks
willbeidentifiedwithintheplansandwillbeprioritisedbythecommunities;thesewillinclude
ruralroads,improvementstoschools,healthcentresandcommunalbuildings,withoutprejudice
totheimplementationofotherinfrastructureplansandprogrammesundertheCRR.
c. Componentrelatingtosustainabilityandenvironmentalregeneration
Tohelpclosingoftheagriculturalfrontierandpromoteenvironmentalrecovery,especiallyinthe
municipalities bordering areas of special environmental interest, the plans will include a
componentrelatingtosustainabilityandenvironmentalprotection,whichshallinclude:
• Actionsaimedatrecoveryandsoiladaptationfortheestablishmentoflegalcrops.
• Actionstomitigateenvironmentaldamageinareasofspecialenvironmentalinterest,fragile
ecosystemsandvulnerablehydrographyandtopromotetherecoveryofforests.
• Environmentallysustainableruralproductiveprojectsandenvironmentalprotectionprojects
in areas of special environmental interest, such as silvopasture projects and other
programmesreferredtoinsection1.1.10.
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d. Landtitlingplan
In order to promote access to land for men and women and to encourage the process of
substitutionofcropsusedforillicitpurposesinareaswherethecommitmentsmadebygrowers
undertheNCPSarefulfilled,landtitlingprocesseswillbespedupunderthetermssetoutinthe
Large-ScaleTitlingPlandiscussed in section1.1.5of theCRR.TheGovernmentwill adapt the
regulations to allow titling land to such beneficiaries, subject to the prior fulfilment of the
commitmentsthatguaranteethatthepropertyisfreefromcropsusedforillicitpurposesand
thatnocropsofthattypewillbere-sown.
e. Plansforremoteareasandareaswithlowpopulationdensity
Inareaswithlowpopulationdensityandareaswhicharedifficulttoaccessowingtolocationand
distance,makingitdifficulttosupplygoodsandservicestoensurethewell-beingandqualityof
life for the people and the territorial-based integration thereof, special measures will be
developedforthesubstitutionofcropsusedforillicitpurposes,recoveryofecosystems,creation
of new employment opportunities related to river transport, environmental regeneration
programmes, protection of forests and wildlife, etc., without prejudice to alternatives for
relocation of communities settled there, where possible and necessary, in consultationwith
communities,toimprovetheirlivingconditions.
f. Timescales,targetsandindicators
Thecomprehensiveplansforthesubstitutionofcropsandalternativeagrariandevelopment,like
the Agreements, must include timescales for implementation with targets and indicators,
includingthecommitmentsmadebythecommunity,soastobeabletomeasuretheimpactof
projectsontheconditionsofwell-beingofcommunities–childrenandadults–andmonitorthe
plan.
4.1.4.ImplementationoftheNationalComprehensiveProgrammefortheSubstitutionofCrops
UsedforIllicitPurposesinNationalNaturalParks(NNP)
Tosolve theproblemposedby thepresenceofcropsused for illicitpurposes inNNP,andto
ensurethewell-beingandqualityoflifeofcommunitiesandthepreservationandconservation
of NNP, mechanisms for direct dialogue with communities will be established to construct
agreements for the eradication of these crops that will ensure the control, restoration and
effectiveprotectionoftheseareas.
Forthesepurposes,theagreementsetoutundersection1.1.10oftheCRR,inparticularthethird
subheadingthereof,shallbeusedasabasis.
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4.1.5. Communicationstrategy
A communication campaign will be launched to promote the substitution agreements and
motivate communities and build confidence regarding participation in the processes of joint
constructionofmunicipal and community comprehensiveplans for the substitutionof crops,
whichshouldhelpimprovelivingconditionsandqualityoflifeandconstituteadefinitivesolution
to the problem of crops used for illicit purposes; and to highlight the commitment of the
GovernmentandtheFARC-EPtocontributingandsupportingthisgoal.InformationontheNCPS
and mechanisms for community participation in the various phases will be communicated
directly throughcommunitymeetingsand indirectly throughthemedia,particularly localand
communitymedia.
4.1.6. Financing
NCPSresourceswillbeallocatedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheimmediateattention
plans and municipal and community comprehensive plans for the substitution of crops and
alternative agrarian development and every effort will be made to ensure efficiency,
effectivenessandtimelinessinitsimplementation.
4.2.PublicHealthandDrugUsePreventionProgrammes
Illicitdruguseisamulti-causalphenomenonassociatedwiththespecificeconomic,social,family
andculturalconditionsofthesocietyorenvironmentofeachperson,andmustbetreatedasa
public health issue. The solution requires commitment and collaboration between the
authorities, the community and the family, based around a policy of health promotion,
prevention,comprehensivecare6andsocialinclusion,withparticularemphasisonchildrenand
adolescents.
Initiatives implemented in this regardmust be underpinned by democratic and participatory
principleswiththeinvolvementofsocietyingeneraland,inparticular,socialworkersspecialising
inthisfield.
Thepolicytotackleillicitdrugusemustbeapriorityandastatepolicythatrequires,interalia,thestrengtheningofcapacities,bothnationalandterritorial-based,aspartofthesystemofsocial
protection,andthecorrespondingprovisionofresources.
6Comprehensivecareincludestreatment,rehabilitationandharmreduction.
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4.2.1.National Programme for Comprehensive Intervention into Illicit DrugUse (ProgramaNacionaldeIntervenciónIntegralfrentealConsumodeDrogasIlícitas):
TheGovernmentwillsetuptheNationalProgrammeforComprehensiveInterventionintoIllicit
Drug Use as a high-level body to coordinate the institutions with authority in this area and
overseeaparticipatoryprocessforthereview,adjustmentandimplementationofthepolicyto
tackledruguse.
4.2.1.1.Principles:
Thenationalpolicytotackleillicitdrugusewillbeguidedbythefollowingprinciples:
• Humanrights-basedapproach:actionsaimedatpreventingandtacklingdruguse,aswellas
reducing risks and harm, must be set against a background of respect for and effective
enjoyment of the rights of the persons involved, including non-stigmatisation and non-
discriminationagainsttheuseranddecisionsnottoprosecuteowingtodruguse.
• Public health-based approach: actions to tackle illicit drug use must be comprehensive,
effectiveandsustainableovertime,andincludethepromotionofahealthylifestyleandliving
conditions,preventionofdruguse,treatmentandrehabilitation,basedontheidentification
oftheneedsofthepopulationfromthehealthperspective.
• Equity-basedandgender-basedapproach:againstabackgroundofrespectforhumanrights,
toensuretheactionstotackledruguseimplementedactuallymeettheneedsofusersand
areeffectiveandsustainable,itisnecessarytoidentifyvulnerabilityfactorsassociatedwith
age,gender,disabilitystatus,socioeconomicstatusandgeographicallocationormembership
of theLGBTIpopulation,etc.Suchactionsshouldpayparticularattentionto theneedsof
adolescentsinruralandurbanareas.
Thisapproachshouldtakeintoaccounttherelationshipbetweenillicitdruguseandviolence
againstwomen,especiallydomesticviolenceandsexualviolence.Measureswillbeprovided
forwomen,andadolescentandyounggirls.
In any case, the actions implementedmust respect the ancestral use of the coca leaf by
indigenouscommunities.
• Community participation and coexistence: to increase the effectiveness of actions to
tackleillicit drug use, the community must be involved in the construction and
implementationofsolutionstocreatestronglinksbetweenpeopleandtheircommunity.
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• Evidence-based:theactionsimplementedtotackleillicitdrugusemustbebasedonevidence,
andfoundedonvalidatedandevaluatedknowledge.
4.2.1.2. National Attention System for Illicit Drug Users (Sistema Nacional de Atención alConsumidordeDrogasIlícitas):
Withtheaimofimprovingthecarereceivedbydruguserswhorequireprogressivetreatment
andrehabilitation,theNationalGovernmentwilldrawupandimplementaNationalAttention
System for Illicit Drug Users that includes additional actions for rehabilitation and social
integrationwithagender-basedapproach.
4.2.1.3.Participatoryreviewandadjustmentofthepublicpolicytocombatillicitdruguse:
TheProgrammewillcoordinatetheparticipatoryrevisionofthepolicytotackledrugusewitha
focusonthepromotionofhealth,thepreventionandtacklingofdruguseandthereductionof
risksandharm,basedontheevaluationandreviewoftheactionsimplementedsofarandtaking
intoaccountthespecificitiesandneedstargetedbyagegroup,sex,socioeconomicstatusand
geographiclocation.
Toensureparticipatory reviewandadjustmentof thepolicy to tackledrugusebasedon the
abovementionedprinciples,theGovernmentwillsetupanationalbodywithrepresentativesof
the relevant authorities, scientific institutions, specialised centres, educational institutions,
parents’associations,religiouscommunitiesanddrugusers.
Tofulfilitsfunction,thisbodyshalltakeintoaccount:
• Thereviewandevaluationofpoliciesandstrategiesthathavebeendevelopedatnational
andlocallevelintheareaofpreventionandtacklingofdruguseandthereductionofrisks
andharm,withtheparticipationofcommunitiesandexpertsinthefield.
• Territorial-based analyses of drug use, in collaboration with departmental andmunicipal
authorities, to identify and place in context the problems, risks, vulnerabilities, trends,
consequencesandnewdynamicsofillicitdruguse.
• Experience gained both internationally and nationally and recommendations issued by
internationalorganisations.
4.2.1.4.Participatoryactionplanswithterritorial-basedandpopulation-focusedapproach:
Basedonthepolicyandtheterritorial-basedanalysesofillicitdruguse,theProgrammewillfoster
the development of capacitieswithin local authorities and support them in the participatory
design and implementation of departmental and municipal action plans to tackle drug use,
accordingtothespecificcharacteristicsofterritoriesanddifferentpopulationgroups.
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Theseplansshallcontainatleast:
• Evidence-basedactionsaimedatthepromotionofhealthandpreventionofdruguse,that
respondtothespecificcharacteristicsandlevelsofriskofeachterritoryandhelpstrengthen
safeguards(psychosocialsupport,self-esteem,conflictresolution,managementoffreetime,
strengtheningofthefamilyunit,promotingacommitmenttoeducation,healthylifestyles,
development of cultural and sporting skills and recreational activities) against the risks
identified.Specialattentionwillbegiventopreventioninchildrenandadolescents.
• Actionstostrengthenandempowercommunities–menandwomen–inordertocontribute
tothepromotionofhealthandthepreventionofdruguse.
• Actions to support and strengthen youth leadership processes so as to make a positive
differenceinvarioussituations(schools,clubs,neighbourhoods,etc.).
• Specialpreventionprogrammesineducationalinstitutionsatdifferentlevels,tobeextended
tourbancentresandruralareas,byinvolvingheadteachers,teachers,parents,andstudents,
throughcomprehensivetraininginitiatives.
• Evidence-basedactionstoreduceharm,aimedatminimisingthenegativeimpactofdruguse
on the user him/herself, on the family and on the community, giving priority to more
vulnerablegroupssuchasthehomeless,women,andtheprisonpopulation.Inthecaseof
femaleusers,actionsshouldtakeintoaccounttherelationshipbetweenillicitdruguseand
violenceagainstwomen,especiallydomesticviolenceandsexualviolence.For the female
prison population, special measures will be taken in terms of health, protection and
prevention,includingmeasurestopreventHIV/AIDS.
• Actions to raise awareness and guide the community and institutions to prevent
stigmatisationofdrugusers, taking intoaccount inparticular thedifference in impacton
womenandtheLGBTIpopulation.
• Actionstoexpandandimproveaccesstoandtherangeofcareandassistanceprovidedby
qualifiedpersonstodrugusers, includingtreatmentandrehabilitation,andthatpromote,
interalia,affirmativeactionforwomenandtheLGBTIpopulation.Thisofferwilltakeinto
accountvariousspecialistinitiativesofcivilsocietywithqualifiedexperienceintheprocesses
ofrehabilitationandsocialintegrationofconsumers,includingbodiesandorganisationsfrom
thereligioussectorandtheorganisationsofthevariouscommunities.
• ActionsbytheGovernment,families,communitiesandtheeducationcommunitytoprotect
childrenandadolescentsfromconsumptionofillicitdrugs.
4.2.1.5.Evaluationandmonitoringoftheactionsimplementedtotackledruguse:
For thepurposesofongoingmonitoringof theactionsundertaken to tackledruguseand to
assesstheirimpactandidentifynewrequirements,theProgrammewilldeviseandimplementa
monitoringandevaluationsystem.
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This systemwill involve participatory bodies formonitoring and evaluation atmunicipal and
departmental level, including the authorities, scientific institutions, specialised centres,
educational institutions, parents’ associations, religious communities, social organisations,
expertsanddrugusersthemselves,etc.
4.2.1.6.Creationofapoolofknowledgeonillicitdruguse:
Toensuretheavailabilityofsufficient,up-to-dateinformationonhealthpromotion,prevention
andcomprehensivecareintheareaofillicitdruguse,tocontributetodecision-makingandserve
asinputforthedesign,implementation,monitoring,evaluationandadjustmentoftheevidence-
basedpolicy,thefollowingmeasureswillbeimplemented:
• Specialisedresearchandstudiesonthesubjectofillicitdruguse,includinganequity-based,
age-basedandgender-basedapproach.
• Monitorindicatorsofconsumptionandimpactofactionscarriedout.
• In collaboration with departmental and municipal authorities, regular territorial-based
analysesoftheuseofillicitdrugs,bothsyntheticandnatural,soastoidentifyandplacein
contexttheproblems,risks,vulnerabilities,trends,consequencesandnewdynamicsindrug
use.
• Creationofmechanisms fordisseminating informationondruguse, takingaccountof the
variousdifferenttargetaudiences.
4.3.Tacklingtheproductionandsellingofnarcotics:
The problemof illicit drugs is a transnational problemwhose solution involves simultaneous
action both within the country and in coordination with and with the commitment of the
internationalcommunity.
Withtheendoftheconflictinsight,bothtofacilitatetheimplementationoftheagreementsand
ingeneral toovercomethechallengeoforganisedcrimeassociatedwithdrug traffickingand
moneylaundering,itisnecessarytoimplementpoliciesandprogrammestodisablethefactors
andmechanismsthatgiverisetoandmaintaintheproblemofproductionandsellingof illicit
drugs and profiting therefrom. The primary aim is to disrupt the criminal organisations that
perpetuatethisscourge,includingnetworksdedicatedtomoneylaundering.
Wedreamofacountryfreefromdrugtrafficking,somethingwhichshouldbeacommongoalof
allpeopleandrequireschangesatpoliticalandinstitutionallevel,andinsocietyingeneral, in
ordertoconsolidateaculturebasedonvaluesagainstdrugtraffickingandmoneylaunderingthat
will allow us to eradicate and overcome the impact of this phenomenon, including the
stereotypesassociatedwithdrugtraffickingthatleadtoviolenceagainstwomen.
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Lastly, building a stable and long-lasting peace will require clarification of the relationship
betweenproductionandsellingofillicitdrugsandconflict,includingtherelationshipbetween
paramilitaries and drug trafficking, and the willingness of everyone to contribute to this
clarification.
4.3.1. Effectiveprosecution:
Aspartofthecommitmenttosteppingupthefightagainstorganisedcrimeandtheirsupport
networks(item3.4oftheGeneralAgreement), inanend-of-conflictscenario,and inorderto
safeguardbothcommunitiesandtheproperdevelopmentoftheNPCSandtheimplementation
oftheagreementsintheterritoriesfromthethreatoforganisedcrime,andgenerallytodisrupt
the networks of these organisations, the National Government will launch a criminal policy
strategy.Parallelwiththeimplementationofacomprehensivestrategytofightcorruption,this
criminalpolicystrategywillstrengthenandqualifythepresenceandeffectivenessofinstitutions
andconcentrate their capabilities in the investigation,prosecutionandpunishmentofcrimes
associatedwithanyorganisationorcriminalgroupinvolvedintheproductionandsellingofillicit
drugs,alwaysmindfulofthedifferenttreatmentthatshouldbegiventothesmall-scalefarmers
andruralinhabitantscaughtupintheexploitationofcropsusedforillegalpurposes.
Moreover,soastoensureeffectiveprosecutionofmembersoforganisedcrime,especiallythose
atthetop,theNationalGovernmentwillpromotetheimprovementandstrengtheningofjudicial
capacities,bydevisingandimplementinganationalstrategythatincludesregionalstrategiesfor
strengthening and coordinating agencies and mechanisms for investigating and prosecuting
criminalnetworkslinkedtodrugtrafficking,includingthefollowingmeasures:
• Creation of interagency groups to carry out structural investigationswithmechanisms to
recogniseandunderstandlocal,regional,nationalandtransnationaldynamicsofcrimeinall
itsdimensionsandpreventtheemergenceofnewgroupsdedicatedtoorganisedcrime,in
closecoordinationwithotherstateagenciesandincorporatingcontributionsfromspecialised
centres,academiaandthegeneralpublic,andthedifferentorganisationalformsthereof,as
partofacomprehensivestrategy.
• Reinforcementandextensionofregionalandinternationalcooperationtoidentifynetworks,
sellingsystemsandroutesusedbycriminalorganisationsinvolvedindrugtrafficking.
4.3.2. Strategytodealwiththeassetsinvolvedindrugtraffickingandmoneylaundering
Inordertofullyeradicatetheproductionandsellingofillicitdrugsandeliminatethefactorsthat
stimulate illegal economies, facilitate the financing of organised crime networks, yield illegal
profits,inducecorruptionanddisruptcitizencoexistence,andalsoinordertocontributetothe
buildingofpeace,theNationalGovernmentwillimplementastrategytoresolutelypursuethe
propertyandassetsinvolvedindrugtraffickingandpreventandcontrolmoneylaundering.This
strategywillincludethefollowingmeasures:
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• Identificationofthedrugtraffickingvaluechain:theNationalGovernmentwillcarryouta
processofmappingcrime,atall levels includingregional,to identifysystemsforfinancing
organisedcrime,howthoseresourcesareused,thepeoplewhomanagethismoney,national
andinternationalmoneylaunderingstrategies,typesandchannels,propertyacquiredwith
these funds and networks of front organisations for criminal structures, and the level of
penetration thereof in the state and its institutions. To this end, a groupof national and
international experts, including delegates from international and regional organisations
specialisinginthisfield,willbeestablishedtomakerecommendationsanddrawupapublic
reportonillicitfinancingnetworks,howtheyoperateandtheirimpactonlifeinColombia.
• Regulatory amendments and the improvement and strengthening of institutional
capacitiesforthedetection,monitoringandreportingofillegalfinancialtransactions:the
National Government will set up a committee of experts, including academics and
researchers,bothnationalandinternational,aswellasworkingtablesacrossthecountry’s
territories,withtheaimofdevelopinganewStatuteforthepreventionandcombattingof
illegal financing,soas to, interalia,adjustwherenecessary,ordefineandcoordinatetheregulations on this subject,with an emphasis on going after the strong links in the drug
trafficking chain, such as the organisations engaged in production, selling and money
laundering.Theregulationswillbeextendedtoallsectorsthatareatriskofbeingusedfor
money laundering. The committee will take into consideration the results of the crime
mappingexercise.
• Investigation bodies: the National Government will also promote the improvement and
strengthening, and where necessary, the redesign or creation of bodies tasked with
investigatingandmonitoringfinancesandmoneylaunderingsoastoidentifythefinancial
systems of organised crime networks involved in drug trafficking, the dynamics thereof
accordingtothevaluechainatnationalandlocallevel,andlinksonaninternationalscale.
Thepeoplewhoheaduptheseinvestigationbodiesshallproduceregularpublicreportsfor
thepurposesofaccountabilityintheirmanagement.
• Anti-money laundering culture: the National Government will launch a new national
campaigntopromotevalues,raiseawarenessofnewformsofmoneylaunderingandfoster
citizenparticipationandcapability,inlinewithChapter2oftheFinalAgreement,toexercise
controlandauditmeasurestotacklethecorruptionassociatedwithmoneylaunderingand
irregularorsuspicioustransactions,inordertopreventpeopleandinstitutionsfrombeing
usedformoneylaundering.
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• Strategy for the effective implementationof the administrative expropriationof illicitly
acquiredassets:theNationalGovernmentwillputanewstrategyinplacetoensureeffective
implementationoftheadministrativeexpropriationofillicitlyacquiredassets,includingthe
resourcesandregulatoryandinstitutionalmodificationsneededtoimproveandstrengthen
the capacities of state agencies responsible for identification of assets, investigation and
prosecution,whichwillbeaccompaniedbytheimplementationofacomprehensivestrategy
tocombatcorruption.
Inaddition,bymakingthenecessaryregulatoryandinstitutionalmodifications,theNational
Governmentshallensuretransparentandefficientmanagementofpropertyintheprocess
ofrecoveryandshalldoallitcantoensuretheassetsandfundsrecoveredarechannelled
intotheplansandprogrammescoveredbytheFinalAgreement.
4.3.3. Controlofinputs:
TheNationalGovernmentwillreviewandestablishstrictstatecontrolsontheproduction,import
andsellingofchemicalsprecursorandinputsrequiredfortheproductionofillicitdrugs,aswell
asincreasingmonitoringandcontrolbythestate.Itshallputinplacerulesandmechanismsto
engagecompanieswhoproduce,importandselltheabovetoadoptmeasuresoftransparency
andcontrolsontheendpurposeofinputs.Soasnottoaffectlegalproductionactivities,special
protocolswillbedrawnuptoidentifytheuses,frequenciesandlocationswherethereisdemand
forinputs.
4.3.4. Strategytocombatcorruption
As part of the comprehensive strategy to combat corruption (Item3.4 of theAgenda of the
GeneralAgreement),aspecificstrategywillbedrawnuptocombatcorruptionassociatedwith
drugtrafficking,takingintoaccounttheresultsandrecommendationsofthegroupofexperts
calledupontoperformthemappingofthedrugtraffickingvaluechain.
In parallel with the fight against corruption, institutional capacities will be improved and
strengthened.
Thestrategymustincludetheestablishmentofspecialisedinter-agencygroupsinordertotackle
the various expressions of corruption and those responsible and help improve institutional
performance.
4.3.5. InternationalConferenceandforumsforregionaldialogue
Inanend-of-theconflictscenarioandtohelpeliminate,onceandforall,theproblemofillicit
drugs,theNationalGovernmentwillpromoteaninternationalconferenceundertheauspicesof
theUnitedNationstodiscussandperformanobjectiveassessmentofthepolicytocounterdrugs
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andmakeprogressinreachingagreementonthechangesthatmustbemade,takingintoaccount
thediscussionandnewinternationaldevelopmentsonthissubjectaswellastheperspectiveof
countrieswheredrugsareusedandproduced,particularlytheexperiencesandlessonslearned
inColombia,andidentifyinggoodpracticesbasedonevidence.
The National Government will promote in this forum a discussion on commitments and
responsibilitiesand,ingeneral,thesharedresponsibilitybetweenproducerandusercountries
whenaddressingtheproblem.
The participation of academic and research institutions, producers of coca leaf, poppy and
marijuana,andorganisedusersatthisconferencewillbepromoted.
Inparallel, theGovernmentwillpromoteopportunities fordialoguewithin the frameworkof
regionalorganisations,OAS,USANandCELAC,soastomakeprogressinreachingagreementon
thepolicytocounterdrugs.
For thepurposesof promotion, preparation andholdingof the international conference and
regionalvenues,theNationalGovernmentshallconveneforumsfordialogueanddiscussionat
nationalandlocallevel.
4.3.6. Under section 5.1.1.1.2 "Mandate" of the Truth, Coexistence and Non-Recurrence
Commission,theCommission’smandatewillbetoclarifyandpromoterecognitionofthe
relationship between production and selling of illicit drugs and conflict, including the
relationship between paramilitaries and drug trafficking (aspect of Item 3.7. of the
AgendaoftheGeneralAgreement).
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5.AgreementregardingtheVictimsoftheConflict:
“ComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence”,includingthe
SpecialJurisdictionforPeace;andCommitmentonHumanRights
RedressforvictimsisatthecoreoftheAgreementbetweentheNationalGovernmentandthe
FARC-EP.Inthisregard,attheNegotiationTableinHavanawediscussedandreachedagreement
onItem5oftheAgenda,“Victims”,includingSub-Items1.Victims’humanrightsand2.Truth,
withtheaimofdraftingacontentthatwillsatisfytheclaimsofthosewhohavebeenaffectedby
the long conflict. Now, in the pursuit of a political solution, through these new accords and
importantde-escalationmeasuresandagreements,wehavetakenamajorstepforwardtowards
buildingastableandlong-lastingpeaceandbringinganendtoawarthathastornthecountry
apartformorethanhalfacentury.
We,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP,giventhatcomprehensivenessmustnecessarily
beensuredwhendevelopingthepointsincludedundertheChapteron“Victims”,shallbeginour
analysisofthissectionbytakingonboardthe“DeclarationofPrinciples”of7June2014.These
principlesformedthebackboneofalltheworkthatwentintodraftingthisChapter5–Victims,
andmustalsounderpinitsimplementation:
• Recognitionofthevictims:Allthevictimsoftheconflictmustberecognised,notonlyintheir
conditionasvictims,butalsoandprimarilyintheircapacityascitizenswithrights.
• Acknowledgement of responsibility: Any discussion of this item must be based on
acknowledgementofresponsibilityvis-à-visthevictimsoftheconflict.Wewillnotexchange
impunitymeasures.
• Realisationofvictims’rights:Therightsofthevictimsoftheconflictarenon-negotiable;the
issueistoagreeonhowtheyshouldbeaddressedinthebestpossiblemannerwithinthe
contextoftheendoftheconflict.
• Victimparticipation:Thediscussionontherealisationoftherightsofthevictimsofserious
humanrightsviolationsandbreachesofinternationalhumanitarianlawduringtheconflict
necessarilyinvolvestheparticipationofthevictims,throughdifferentmeansandatdifferent
times.
• Historicalclarificationofthetruth:Uncoveringthetruthaboutwhathappenedthroughout
theconflict,includingthemultiplecauses,originsandeffectsthereof,isfundamentaltothe
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realisation of the rights of victims and of society in general. Trust can only be regained
throughfullelucidationandrecognitionofthetruth.
• Reparationsforthevictims:Victimshavetherighttobecompensatedfortheinjuryandloss
sufferedbecauseof the conflict. Restoring victims’ rights and changing their lives for the
better,inanend-of-conflictscenario,isafundamentalaspectofbuildingastableandlong-
lastingpeace.
• Guaranteesofprotectionandsecurity:Protectingthelivesandthepersonalintegrityofthe
victimsisthefirststeptowardsrealisationoftheirotherrights.
• Guarantees of non-recurrence: The end of the conflict and the implementation of the
reformsensuingfromtheFinalAgreementarethemainguaranteeofnon-recurrenceandthe
waytoensurethattherewillbenofurthergenerationsofvictims.Themeasuresadopted
bothinChapter5andintheotheritemsoftheAgendashouldbeaimedatguaranteeingnon-
recurrenceinordertoensurethatnoColombianwilleverbecomeavictimorfacetheriskof
becomingoneagain.
• Principleofreconciliation:Oneofthegoalsofrealisingvictims’rightsisthereconciliationof
all Colombian citizens to enable them tomove towards a future of civility and peaceful
coexistence.
• Rights-basedapproach:All theagreementswe reachon the itemsof theAgenda,and in
particular on Item 5 - “Victims”, should contribute to protecting and guaranteeing the
effectiveenjoymentofrightsbyall.Humanrightsareequallyinherenttoallhumanbeings,
meaningthatthelatterareentitledtotheserightsbyvirtueoftheirstatusashumans,and
consequently the recognition of human rights is not a concession; they are universal,
indivisible and interdependent and they must be considered globally and in a fair and
equitablemanner.Consequently,thestatehasthedutytopromoteandprotectallrightsand
fundamental liberties, andall citizenshave theduty to restrain fromviolating thehuman
rights of their fellow citizens. Acknowledging the principles of universality, equality and
progressivity, and for the purposes of redress, accountwill be taken of infringements of
economic,socialandculturalrightsasaresultoftheconflict.
Onthebasisoftheseprincipleswehavereachedcoreagreementsregarding:1.Comprehensive
System for Truth, Justice, Reparations and Non-Recurrence and 2. Commitment to the
promotion,respectandguaranteeofhumanrights.
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These commitments include transcendental agreements such as the creation of the Truth,CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommission;theSpecialUnitfortheSearchforPersonsdeemedasMissing inthecontextofandduetotheconflict;theSpecial JurisdictionforPeaceandthespecific reparation measures. All these components have been combined within a
ComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence,whichalsoincludesnon-recurrence measures; with regard to the latter, it is worth noting that, besides the
coordinatedimplementationofalloftheabovemeasuresandmechanisms,aswellasofallthe
itemsoftheFinalAgreementingeneral,additionalmeasureswillbeimplemented,whichwillbe
agreedunderItem3–“EndoftheConflict”oftheAgendaoftheGeneralAgreement.
DuringthecourseofthediscussionsonChapter5“Victims”,theHistoricalCommissionofthe
ConflictanditsVictims(ComisiónHistóricadelConflictoysusVíctimas)wassetinmotion,which
cameupwithimportantconclusionscoveringmanydifferentaspectsasregardstheoriginsand
multiplecausesoftheconflict,themainfactorsandconditionsthatfacilitatedorcontributedto
thelongevityoftheconflict,andthemostnotoriouseffectsandimpactsoftheconflictonthe
population, all of which have been considered as essential input for the work of the Truth,
CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommission.OtherprimarymeasurestakenwithintheframeworkofthediscussionsonChapter5“Victims”
were: the signature of measures and protocols to implement programmes for the
decontamination and removal from the country’s territories of anti-personnelmines (APMs),
improvisedexplosivedevices(IEDs),unexplodedordnance(UXO)orexplosiveremnantsofwar
(ERWs);immediatehumanitarianmeasuresforthesearch,location,identificationanddignified
deliveryoftheremainsofpersonsdeemedasmissinginthecontextofandduetotheconflict.
***
Thearmedconflict,whichhasmultiplecauses,hasinflictedsufferingandlossonthepeopletoa
degree unparalleled in our history. Millions of Colombians have been victims of forced
displacement,thedeadnumberintheirhundredsofthousands,tensofthousandsofpeopleof
allkindshavedisappeared,andvastnumbersoffamilies,groupsandcommunitieshavebeen
affected throughout the length and breadth of the country, including rural communities,
indigenous peoples, the Afro-Colombian, black, palenquero, raizal and Roma communities,
personsduetotheirreligiousbeliefs,politicalparties,socialandtrade-unionmovements,the
LGBTIpopulationandeconomicassociations,interalia.Therehavealsobeenother,lessvisiblebutnolesspainfulformsofvictimisation,suchassexualviolence,psychologicaldamageorsimply
livinginfear.
Inrecognitionofthisnationaltragedy,startingfromtheExploratoryMeetingof2012,weagreed
thatcompensatingthevictimshadtobeatthecoreofanyagreement;andthattheagendafor
endingtheconflictshouldincludeanitemonthevictims,assetforthintheGeneralAgreement
dated26August2012.
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For that same reason, before addressing this item of the Agenda we agreed on the
abovementioned“DeclarationofPrinciples”,whichreflectsthiscommitmenttothevictimsand
which has served as the compass for discussions in order to ensure that the comprehensive
realisationof their rights to thetruth, justice, reparationsandnon-recurrenceremainsat the
coreoftheagreement.
Atthesametime,webroadenedthemechanismsforparticipation.Morethan3,000victimstook
part in four forums held in Colombia, organised by the United Nations and the National
University, and sixty victims travelled to Havana to deliver their testimonies directly to the
Negotiation Table and offer their recommendations, with the support of the Episcopal
Conference,theUnitedNationsandtheNationalUniversityofColombia.Inaddition,morethan
17,000proposalswere submittedby thevictimsandothercitizens,byvariousmeans, to the
NegotiationTable.All theproposals thatwe received fromthevictimswere fundamental for
achievingtheagreements.
Lastly,wewanttothankthevictimsfortheirresoluteparticipation,theirnobletestimoniesand
theirproposals,withoutwhichitwouldnothavebeenpossibletoconstructthisAgreement,and
weencouragethemtoactivelyparticipateinitsimplementationandinpeacebuilding.
WehopethatwiththeimplementationofthisandalloftheAgreements,thedignityofvictims
willberestored,justicewillbedone,andthefoundationswillbelaidtobringanend,onceand
forall,totheviolenceoftheconflictinthecountry,andtoensurethatnobodyinColombiaever
becomesavictimagain.
5.1. ComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence
IncompliancewithourcommitmenttoplacethevictimsatthecoreoftheAgreement,andin
response to victims’ testimonies, proposals and expectations, which we heard directly from
them,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC–EPhaveagreedtoestablishtheComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence(SistemaIntegraldeVerdad,Justicia,ReparaciónyNoRepetición),andforthisveryreasonwehaveadoptedthemeasuresdescribed
above.
TheunderlyingprinciplesonwhichtheComprehensiveSystemisfoundedaretherecognitionof
the victims as citizens with rights; the acknowledgement that the full truth about what has
happenedmustbeuncovered;theacknowledgmentofresponsibilitybyallthosewhotookpart,
directlyorindirectly,intheconflictandwereinvolvedinonewayoranotherinserioushuman
rightsviolationsandseriousinfringementsofinternationalhumanitarianlaw;therealisationof
victims’rightstothetruth,justice,reparationsandnon-recurrence,basedonthepremiseofnon-
negotiation on impunity, additionally taking into account the basic principles of the Special
JurisdictionforPeace,oneofwhich isthat“damagecausedshallberepairedandmadegood
wheneverpossible”.
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Theendoftheconflictmustcontributetoensuringtheendofviolationsandinfringements,while
alsobeinganopportunitytoguaranteetherealisationofvictims’rights.Thedefinitiveendof
hostilitiesleadstoasituationinwhichvictimscanexpressthemselveswithoutfearandreceive
therecognitiontheyareentitledto;anopportunityforallofthosewhobearresponsibilityfor
humanrightsviolationsorinfringementsofinternationalhumanitarianlawtoacknowledgethat
responsibilityaccordingly;andconsequently,anopportunityformoreeffectiveimplementation
ofmeasuresaimedatensuringtruth,justice,reparationsandnon-recurrence.
Internationalexperience shows that theeffectivenessof suchmeasures is greater if theyare
applied in a coordinated, complementarymanner. To this end, the System is intended tobe
comprehensive,inorderforthemeasurestoachievethemaximumjusticeandaccountabilityfor
the human rights violations and the IHL infringements that have occurred throughout the
conflict.ThecomprehensivenatureoftheSystemalsocontributestotheelucidationofthetruth
abouttheconflictandtoconstructionofthehistoricalmemory.
We understand that a broad, genuine response to the rights of victims – alongside the
implementationofalltheotheragreements,whichalsoguaranteerights–formsthebasisfor
justice.
Inordertofulfilthispurposeandmoveforwardinthefightagainstimpunity,theComprehensive
Systemcombines judicialmechanismsforthe investigationandpunishmentofserioushuman
rightsviolationsandseriousinfringementsofinternationalhumanitarianlaw,undertheterms
setforthbytheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,withcomplementaryextrajudicialmechanismsthat
maycontributetotheelucidationofthetruthaboutwhathappened,thesearchformissingloved
ones,andthereparationofthedamagecausedtopeople,communitiesandentireterritories.
Furthermore,judicialmechanismswillbecreatedoutsideoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,
such as a unit for investigating and dismantling criminal organisations, including criminal
organisations deemed to be the successors to paramilitaries, and their support networks,
referredtoinItem3.4oftheAgendaoftheGeneralAgreement.
TheComprehensiveSystemhasanequity-basedandgender-basedapproach,whichadaptsand
responds to the particular characteristics of the victimisation in each territory and each
population,andinparticulartotheneedsofwomenandchildren.
TheComprehensiveSystemplacesspecialemphasisonrestorativeandreparativemeasures,and
seekstoachievejusticenotonlythroughretributivesanctions.
The System must also concurrently guarantee the legal certainty of all of those who have
recoursetojusticemeasures,asanessentialelementofthetransitiontopeace.
The success of the Comprehensive System is also dependent on achieving the broadest
acceptanceacrosssociety.
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Lastly, the comprehensive nature of the System contributes to laying the foundations for
regainingtrust,forcoexistenceinapeacebuildingscenario,andforarealreconciliationamong
alltheColombianpeople.
a. Goals:
In summary, the various measures and mechanisms of the Comprehensive System shall
contributetotheachievementofthefollowinggoals:
• Realisation of victims’ rights, through the combination of judicial and extrajudicial
mechanisms.
• Accountability, through the establishment of responsibilities, everyone involved in the
conflict,directlyorindirectly,ascombatantsornon-combatants,shallassumetheirshareof
responsibilityfortheseriousviolationsandinfringementscommittedinthecontextofand
duetothearmedconflict.
• Guaranteesofnon-recurrence,throughtheapplicationofallthemeasuresoftheSystem–
as well others to be agreed on Item 3 of the Agenda – to prevent re-victimisation and
recurrence,toencouragesociety’srejectionofwaranditseffects,tosecurethetermination
oftheconflict,andtopreventtheemergenceofnewformsofviolence.
• Territorial-based, equity-based and gender-based approach, through the differentiated
treatmentofterritoriesandpopulations,inparticularofwomenandchildrenvictims,andof
themostdeprivedandmostvulnerablepopulationsandcommunities,andthereforethose
mostaffectedbytheconflict.
• Legalcertainty,throughthefulfilmentoftheconditionsoftheComprehensiveSystem,and
inparticulartheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,withthenecessarydueprocessguarantees.
• Coexistenceandreconciliation,bybuildingmutualtruststartingfromthepositivechanges
instigatedwithinsocietybythepeaceagreements,inparticularthroughtherecognitionof
thevictims,theacknowledgementandtheestablishmentofresponsibilitiesand,ingeneral,
theacknowledgementbysocietyasawholeoftheneedtotakeadvantageofthisopportunity
tobuildafuturebasedonsocialjustice,respectandtolerance.
• Legitimacy,respondingtotheexpectationsofthevictims,andsocietyingeneral,andtothe
nationalandinternationalobligationsoftheColombianstate,includingcompliancewiththe
covenantssetforthintheFinalAgreement.
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b. Components:
TheComprehensiveSystemwillcomprisethefollowingfivemechanismsandmeasures:
• Truth,CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommission:Thiswillbeatemporary,extrajudicial
bodyseekingtouncovertheTruthaboutwhathappenedandcontributetotheelucidation
ofviolationsandinfringements,andtoofferabroadexplanationtosocietyasawholeabout
the complexity of the conflict; to promote the recognition of the victims and of the
responsibilitiesofthosewhodirectlyandindirectlytookpartinthearmedconflict;andto
promotecoexistenceacrossthecountry’sterritoriesinordertoguaranteenon-recurrence.
• SpecialUnitfortheSearchforPersonsdeemedasMissinginthecontextofandduetothe
conflict: This will be a high-level special unit of a humanitarian and extrajudicial nature,
whosegoal istodirect,coordinateandcontributetothe implementationofhumanitarian
actionsforsearchingforandidentifyingallthepeopledeemedasmissingduetotheconflict
whoarestillalive,andinthecasesofthosedeceased,wheneverpossible,forthelocation
anddignifieddeliveryoftheirremains.TheUnit’sactivitiesmaynotsubstituteorprevent
judicialinvestigationstobecarriedoutinfulfilmentofthestate’sobligations.
• Special Jurisdiction forPeace:Anumberof judicial panels for justice, including a Judicial
PanelforAmnestyandPardonandaTribunalforPeace,toadministerjusticeandinvestigate,
clarify,prosecuteandpunishserioushumanrightsviolationsandserious infringementsof
international humanitarian law. The Special Jurisdiction for Peace forms part of the
ComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrenceand,sinceitdeals
exclusivelyandtemporarilywithconductrelatingdirectlyandindirectlytothearmedconflict,
doesnotmeansubstitutionofordinaryjurisdiction.
• Comprehensivereparationmeasuresforpeacebuilding:Thesemeasuresseektoensurethe
comprehensivereparationofthevictims,includingtherightstorestitution,indemnification,
rehabilitation,realisationandnon-recurrence;andthecollectivereparationoftheterritories,
thepopulations and the communitiesmost affectedby the conflict andmost vulnerable,
alongside the implementation of the other agreements. For this purpose, the existing
mechanismswill be strengthened,newmeasureswill be adopted,with thepromotionof
everybody’scommitmenttothereparationofthedamagecaused.
• GuaranteesofNon-Recurrence:Theguaranteesofnon-recurrencearetheresult,ontheone
hand, of the coordinated implementation of all of the abovementioned measures and
mechanisms,aswellas,ingeneral,allthechaptersoftheFinalAgreement;andontheother
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hand,oftheimplementationofnon-recurrencemeasuresagreedwithintheframeworkof
Chapter3–“EndoftheConflict”.
The various mechanisms and measures for truth, justice, reparations and non-recurrence,
inasmuchastheyarepartofasystemthatseeksacomprehensiveanswerforthevictims,cannot
beinterpretedinisolation.Theywillbeinterconnectedthroughrelationshipsofconditionality
andincentivestogainaccesstoandmaintainanyspecialjusticetreatment,alwaysbasedonthe
acknowledgmentofthetruthandresponsibilities.Compliancewiththeseconditionalprovisions
willbeverifiedbytheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
NoonemechanismoftheSystemshallprevailoveranother.Eachmechanismshallfulfilitsmain
functioninthemostexpeditiousmannerpossible,andwithoutduplicatingthefunctionsofother
mechanisms;forthispurpose,thenecessarycollaborationprotocolswillbeestablished.
5.1.1. Truth: Truth, Coexistence andNon-Recurrence Commission and Special Unit for the
SearchforPersonsdeemedasMissinginthecontextofandduetotheconflict
5.1.1.1. Truth, Coexistence and Non-Recurrence Commission (Comisión para elEsclarecimientodelalaVerdad,laConvivenciaylaNoRepetición)
TheendoftheconflictisauniqueopportunitytosatisfyoneofthegreatestdesiresofColombian
societyandof thevictims inparticular: touncoverand learnthetruthaboutwhathappened
duringtheconflict.Colombianeedstoknowwhathappenedandwhatmustneverhappenagain
soastobeabletoforgeafutureinwhichthewell-beinganddignifiedqualityoflifeofeveryone
isguaranteed,thushelpingtobreak,onceandforall,thecyclesofviolencethathavescarred
Colombianhistory.
By starting over again we can contribute to the construction and preservation of historical
memoryandgainabroadunderstandingofthemultiplefacetsofthetruthabouttheconflict,
including thehistoricaldimension, soasnotonly to realise the right to the truthbutalso to
contributetolayingthefoundationsforcoexistence,reconciliationandnon-recurrence.
With this aim in mind, we, the N0ational Government and the FARC-EP, have reached an
agreementtosetinmotion,oncetheFinalAgreementhasbeensigned,theTruth,Coexistence
andNon-RecurrenceCommission(hereinaftertheCommission),whichwillbeanindependent,
impartialmechanismofanextrajudicialnature.
TheCommissionwillformpartoftheComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,Reparationsand
Non-Recurrencewhichhasbeenagreedtorealisevictims’rights,putanendtotheconflictand
achieve peace. Therefore, the Commission can only be considered as one part of the
Comprehensive System which includes judicial and extrajudicial mechanisms to guarantee
victims’righttothetruth,justiceandreparations,aswellastohelpensurethattheColombian
people never have to experience such a conflict again. This Commissionwill respond to the
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ethical,politicalandhistoricalneedtocontribute,alongwithother initiatives, tocreatingthe
conditions,commitmentsandguaranteesofnon-recurrence.
The Commission shall fulfil three fundamental purposes, which together contribute to
guaranteesofnon-recurrence.
First,theCommissionshallhelpuncoverthetruthaboutwhathashappened,inaccordancewith
the aspects of the mandate described below, and offer an extensive explanation of the
complexityoftheconflict,soastopromoteasharedunderstandingamongsociety,inparticular
asregardstheleastknownaspectsoftheconflict,suchastheimpactoftheconflictonchildren
andadolescentsandgender-basedviolence,interalia.
Second,theCommissionshallpromoteandcontributetorecognition.Thismeanstherecognition
ofvictimsascitizenswhoserightswereinfringedandaspoliticalsubjectswhoarevitalforthe
transformation of the country; the voluntary acknowledgment of individual and collective
responsibilitiesbyallthosewhodirectlyorindirectlytookpartintheconflict,asacontribution
towards truth, justice, reparations and non-recurrence; and, in general, the recognition by
society as awhole of this legacy of violations and infringements as something thatmust be
rejectedbyallandthatcanneverandmustneverberepeated.
And third, theCommission shall promote coexistence across the country’s territories, on the
understandingthatcoexistencedoesnotmeansimplysharingthesamesocialandpoliticalspace
butthecreationofanopportunityforchangetofacilitatepeacefulresolutionofconflictsandthe
establishmentofthedeepestcultureofrespectandtoleranceindemocracy.Tothisend,itwill
foster an environment of dialogue andwill establish forums for restoring the dignity of the
victims, for individual and collective acknowledgment of responsibility, and, in general, for
strengthening people’s respect for and trust in each other, cooperation and solidarity, social
justice, equality of opportunity betweenmen andwomen, and a culture of democracy that
fosterstolerance,promoteswell-being,andridsusofindifferencetotheproblemsofothers.The
Commission must lay the foundations for peace based on truth and the revelation and
recognitionofablood-stainedpastthatmustbeacknowledgedbeforeitcanbeputbehindus.
Throughout its work the Commission will take an appropriate approach to learn about the
different ways in which the conflict affected women, children, adolescents, youths and the
elderly,personswithdisabilities,indigenouspeoples,ruralcommunities,personsonthebasisof
theirreligion,theiropinionsortheirbeliefs, theAfro-Colombian,black,palenqueroandraizalcommunities,theRomacommunity,theLGBTIcommunity,displacedandexiledpersons,human
rightsadvocates,tradeunionists,journalists,farmers,ranchers,tradersandbusinessmenand-
women,interalia.ThisshouldalsohelptoraiseawarenessinColombiansocietyofthespecific
waysinwhichtheconflictreproducedhistoricalmechanismsofdiscrimination,asafundamental
firststeptowardsamorejustandinclusivesociety.
AllofthisshouldhelptocreatestructuralconditionsforcoexistenceamongColombiansandlay
thefoundationsfornon-recurrence,reconciliationandbuildingastableandlong-lastingpeace.
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Forthesereasonsitisnecessarytounderstandtheconstructionoftruthalsoasanessentialpart
ofpeacebuilding.
Lastly,thesuccessoftheCommissionwilldependontherecognitionofresponsibilitiesbythose
whodirectlyorindirectlytookpartintheconflictandonthecommitmentofallsectorsofsociety
totheprocessofconstructionoftruthasanexpression,interalia,oftheirrejectionofindolence.
Therefore, the National Government and the FARC-EP, as part of their moral and political
commitment to contributing to the realisation of victims’ rights, undertake to make a real
contribution to the process of clarifying the truth and to acknowledge their respective
responsibilitiestotheCommission,invitingallsectorsofsocietytoparticipateinthiseffort.
5.1.1.1.1. Guidingcriteria:
• Focus on victims: The Commission’s efforts shall be focused on guaranteeing the
participation of the victims of the conflict, ensuring the restoration of their dignity and
contributingtotherealisationoftheirrighttothetruthinparticular,andingeneraloftheir
rightstojustice,comprehensivereparationsandguaranteesofnon-recurrence,alwaystaking
pluralismandequity intoconsideration.Alloftheforegoingshouldalsohelpchangetheir
livingconditionsforthebetter.
• Impartiality and independence: The Commission shall be an impartial and independent
mechanismwithfullautonomytocarryoutitsmandateandfulfilitsfunctions.
• Temporarynature:TheCommissionshallbeaspecialbodythatwilloperatefora limited
period of time in order to enable its conclusions and recommendations to effectively
contributetowardsbuildingastableandlong-lastingpeace.
• Participation:TheCommissionwillsetinmotionabroad,pluralistandbalancedparticipatory
processwheredifferentvoicesandviewswillbeheard;inthefirstplace,thoseofthevictims
of the conflict, who are considered as victims due to their relationshipwith any kind of
circumstanceoftheconflict,bothindividualandcollective,andalsothoseofpersonswho
directlyandindirectlytookpartintheconflict,aswellotherrelevantstakeholders.
• Territorial-based approach: The Commission shall be a national body but shall take a
territorial-based approach in order to achieve a better understanding of the regional
dynamicsoftheconflictandthediversityandparticularitiesoftheterritoriesaffected,aimed
at promoting the truth-building process and contributing to the guarantees of non-
recurrence in the various territories. The territorial-based approach will also take into
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consideration the people and populations that were forcefully displaced from their
territories.
• Equity-basedandgender-basedapproach: In carryingout itsmandateand functions, the
Commissionwilltakeintoaccountthedifferentexperiences,differentimpactsandindividual
conditions of people, populations and sectors being discriminated against or that are
vulnerableorparticularlyaffectedbytheconflict,interalia.Specialattentionwillbeaffordedtovictimisationsufferedbywomen.
• Coordinationwithotherpeacebuildingmeasures:TheCommissionwillworkincoordination
withthemechanismsadoptedfortheimplementationoftheFinalAgreement.Inparticular,
wherepertinent,itwillworkincoordinationwiththepeacebuildingplansandprogrammes
setinmotionacrossthecountry’sterritoriesasaresultoftheimplementationoftheFinal
Agreement.
• Guarantees for the commissioners: With regard to their work for the Commission,
commissionerswillnotbecompelledtomakestatementsinjudicialprocesses,theywillbe
exempt fromtheduty to reportoffences,and theiropinionsandconclusionsmaynotbe
judiciallychallenged.
• Safety conditions: The Commission will assess the safety conditions necessary for the
performanceofitsworkandwillcoordinate,withstateauthorities,theadoptionofthesafety
measuresnecessarybothforcommissionersandforthosewhotakepartintheCommission’s
work.
• Coexistence and reconciliation: In order to contribute to the goal of non-recurrence and
reconciliation,theCommission’sworkintheperformanceofitsmandatewillhavetheaimof
promoting coexistence among the Colombian people, particularly in the territories most
affectedbytheconflictandviolence.Forthatpurpose,theCommissionwillseektoensure
thattheforumsorhearingsitholdshelptostrengthenrespectandtoleranceandcitizens’
trustinoneanotherandintheregulationsthatensuretheenforcementofandtherespect
forhumanrights.Inthismanner,theCommissionwillalsohelptolaysolidfoundationsfor
peacebuilding.
• Procedural rules: The Commission will first establish procedures aimed at ensuring the
properguaranteesandfair,honourableandnon-discriminatorytreatmentforthosewhotake
partinit.
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• Methodology: The Commission will take all necessary measures to ensure the utmost
possibleobjectivityandimpartialityincarryingoutitswork,forwhichpurposeitwilladopt
procedures to compareand verify thequalityof the information it collects, including the
reliabilitythereof,andtoidentifyfalseinformationthatmaybeprovidedtotheCommission
inbadfaith.TheCommissionwillpubliclydiscloseitsmethodology.
• Extrajudicialmechanism:TheCommissionwillbeanextrajudicialmechanism.Inthisregard,
itsworkwillnotbeofajudicialnatureandmaynotleadtocriminalchargesagainstthose
whoappearbeforeit.TheinformationreceivedorproducedbytheCommissionmaynotbe
handedoverbyittothejudicialauthoritiesforthepurposesofattributingliabilityinjudicial
processes and it shall be of no probative value; likewise, the judicial authoritiesmaynot
demandthatitdoso.
TheCommissionmayrequesttheinformationrequiredforthefulfilmentofitsmandatebefore
magistrates, judgesand investigativebodies, inaccordancewiththeprotocolsestablishedfor
thatpurpose,alwayswithrespectfortheguaranteesofdueprocess.
DocumentsreceivedbytheCommissionwhichmayconstitutedocumentaryevidenceandare
notverbalorwrittenversionsortestimoniesthatapersongivestotheCommission,shallnot
losetheirprobativevalueandtheusethereofbytheCommissionshallnot interferewiththe
judicialproceedingsunderway.
5.1.1.1.2. Mandate:
TheCommission’smandatewillbetoelucidateandpromotetherecognitionof:
• Practicesanddeedsconstitutingserioushumanrightsviolationsandseriousinfringements
ofinternationalhumanitarianlaw(IHL),inparticularthosereflectingpatternsoronamass
scale,whichtookplaceinthecourseoftheconflict,aswellasthecomplexityoftheterritorial
contextsanddynamicswherethesehappened.
• Thecollectiveresponsibilities–ofthestate,includingthoseoftheGovernmentandtheother
publicauthorities,oftheFARC-EP,oftheparamilitaries,aswellasthoseofanyothergroup,
organisationorinstitution,domesticorinternational,thattookpartintheconflictinanyway
–forthepracticesanddeedsreferredtointheprecedingparagraph.
• Thehumanandsocial impactof theconflictonsociety, including its impactoneconomic,
social,culturalandenvironmentalrights,andthedifferentwaysinwhichtheconflictaffected
women,children,adolescents,youthsandtheelderly,personsonthebasisoftheirreligion,
opinionsorbeliefs,personswithdisabilities,indigenouspeoples,ruralcommunities,theAfro-
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Colombian, black, palenquero and raizal communities, the Roma community, the LGBTI
community, displaced and exiled persons, human rights advocates, trade unionists,
journalists,farmers,ranchers,tradersandbusinessmenand-women,interalia.
• Theimpactoftheconflictontheexerciseofpoliticsandtheoperationofdemocracyasa
whole,includingtheimpactonpoliticalandsocialpartiesandmovements,particularlythose
inopposition.
• Theimpactoftheconflictonthosewhodirectlytookpartinitascombatants,andontheir
familiesandsurroundings.
• Thehistoricalcontext,theoriginsandmultiplecausesoftheconflict,takingintoaccountas
input,interalia,thereportsoftheHistoricalCommissionoftheConflictanditsVictims.
• The factors and conditions that facilitatedor contributed to the longevity of the conflict,
takingintoaccountasinput,interalia,thereportsoftheHistoricalCommissionoftheConflict
anditsVictims.
• Thedevelopmentof the conflict, particularly theactsof the state, guerrillas,paramilitary
groups,andtheinvolvementofdifferentsectorsofsociety.
• Thephenomenonofparamilitarism,includingitscauses,originsandformsofexpression;the
organisation thereof and the various forms of cooperation with paramilitaries, including
funding;andtheimpactofparamilitaryactsontheconflict.
• Displacementanddispossessionoflandduringtheconflictandtheconsequencesthereof.
• The relationship between conflict and crops used for illicit purposes, the production and
sellingofillicitdrugsandmoneylaunderingassociatedwithdrugtrafficking.
• Processes for strengthening the social fabric in communities and individual or collective
experiencesofresilience.
• Positivechangesinorganisationsandinstitutionsoverthecourseoftheconflict.
5.1.1.1.3. TimeperiodstudiedbytheCommission:
Inordertoaddressthevariousaspectsofitsmandate,thetimeperiodstudiedbytheCommission
willbethedurationoftheconflict.Sincethisisalengthyperiodoftime,itwillbenecessaryfor
theCommissiontoestablishinvestigativeprioritieswithinthisperiod.However,inordertofulfil
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thepurposeoffullyelucidatingtheoriginsandmultiplecausesoftheconflict,theCommission
mayexplorehistorical eventsprior thereto, taking intoaccountasbasic input, interalia, thereportsoftheHistoricalCommissionoftheConflictanditsVictims.
5.1.1.1.4. Duties:
Inordertofulfilitsmandate,theCommissionshallhavethefollowingmainduties:
• Investigateallaspectsofthemandateusingthemethodologiesandformsof information-
gatheringand-analysisnecessaryforthatpurpose,includingthosegenerallyacceptedbythe
socialsciences,andtakingintoaccountpreviouseffortstoestablishthetruth,includingas
basicinput,interalia,thereportsoftheHistoricalCommissionoftheConflictanditsVictims.
• Holdpublicforumsatnational,regionalandterritoriallevel,particularlythematic,territorial-
basedandinstitutionalhearings,hearingsrelatingtoorganisationsandlandmarksituations
andcases,interalia,inordertolistentothedifferentvoices,primarilythoseofthevictims,
both individual and collective, and to promote theparticipationof the various sectors of
societyincontributingtoajointdiscussionoftheeventsandthecausesandeffectsofthe
seriousviolenceexperiencedbyColombia.
• Theseforumsmayincludevenuesforpublicdiscussionandreflectionorculturalceremonies,
enabling those who directly or indirectly took part in the conflict to engage in acts of
acknowledgementofresponsibilityandaskforforgiveness, initsvariousdimensions,both
forthedamageandsufferingcausedtothepeople,andforthepoliticalandsocialimpactof
theiractions;andconsequently,toofferexplanationsfortheactscarriedout,contributeto
reparations,andcommittoguaranteesofnon-recurrenceandpeacebuilding,interalia.Thisshall help uncover the truth and promote peaceful coexistence across the country’s
territories.
• Prepare a final report that takes account of the different contexts, reflects on the
investigationscarriedoutintoalltheaspectsofthemandate,andcontainstheconclusions
and recommendations resulting from itswork. TheCommission’s report shall beofficially
submittedbypublicacttothepublicauthoritiesandtoColombiansocietyasawhole.
• OfferguidancetothevictimsandvictimisedcommunitieswhotakepartintheCommission
regardingthehelpavailabletothemfrominstitutions,etc.fortherealisationoftheirrights
andthemechanismstoachievethis.
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• RelationshipsbetweentheCommissionandthevictimsandtheirorganisations:Deviseand
setinmotionastrategyforactiveliaisonwiththevictimsandtheirorganisations.
• Implement a strategy fordissemination, informationandactive liaisonwith themedia to
report,duringitswork,progressanddevelopmentsinthefulfilmentofalltheCommission’s
duties,and toensure themaximumpossibleparticipation.TheGovernmentwilladoptall
necessarymeasures for the Commission to have broad access to publicmedia. The final
report,inparticular,shallbepublishedinthemostwide-rangingandmostaccessiblemanner,
includingthroughculturalandeducationalinitiatives,suchasthepromotionofexhibitions,
with recommendation of its inclusion in the academic curriculum. In any case, the
Commission’sconclusionsshallbetakenonboardbytheNationalMemoryMuseum.
• Adopt measures to archive the information collected in the course of its work and, on
termination of itsmandate, take the necessarymeasures to ensure its preservation. The
Commissionshalldecidewhoshalltakepossessionandactascustodianofthesearchives.The
Commissionshallsetoutguidelinesforthelattertoadopttherelevantmechanismstoallow
victimsandsocietyingeneraltoaccessthearchivesofinformationcollected.
• Ensure that the gender-based approach runs through each and every aspect of the
Commission, by creating a gender-based task force in charge of specific technical tasks,
investigation and holding of hearings, inter alia. This task forcewill not be the only oneaddressingthistopic,butitshallbeartheresponsibilityforreviewingmethodologiesinorder
toensurethatalltheCommission’sinstrumentsincludethisapproach,andforliaisingwith
women’sandLGBTIorganisations.Thisshallbeachievedwithoutprejudicetothenecessary
autonomyoftheCommissionindeterminingitsstructureandworkingmethodology.
• Publishregularreports,atleastbiannually,ontheactivitiesandoperationscarriedoutinthe
fulfilmentofallitsduties.
• Establishitsownworkrulesandprogramme.
5.1.1.1.5. Selectionprocess:
TheCommissionwillhave11commissioners.Theirselectionwillbebasedonanominationand
selection procedure ensuring guarantees of legitimacy, impartiality and independence for
Colombiansocietyasawhole,andvictimsinparticular.Thecandidatenominationprocesswill
be wide-ranging and pluralistic, ensuring that all sectors of society, including victims’
organisations,interalia,maynominatecandidates.
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The“MechanismfortheselectionofthemagistratesoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace”agreed
bythepartieson12August2016forselectingthemagistrates,prosecutorsandothermembers
of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace, shall be tasked with selecting and appointing the 11
commissionersoftheTruth,CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommission,includingtheChair.
Allmembersoftheselectioncommitteeshallinspiretrustamongthepeople.
The selection will be based solely on nominations and the election will take into account
individualselectioncriteriasuchasethicalsuitability,impartiality,independence,commitment
tohumanrightsandjustice,absenceofconflictsof interest,andknowledgeaboutthearmed
conflict,internationalhumanitarianlawandhumanrights,andarecognisedbackgroundinany
ofthesefields.Theselectionofthecommissionersshallalsotakecollectivecriteriaintoaccount,
suchasequalparticipationbetweenmenandwomen,pluralism, interdisciplinarynatureand
regionalrepresentation.
Theselectioncommitteemayselectforeigncommissioners,butinnocasemorethan3.
The selection committee shall have up to 3months for the selection of the commissioners,
startingasoftheclosingofthenominationphase.
Theselectionofthecommissionersmustbeadoptedbyamajorityof2/3ofthemembersofthe
selectioncommittee.
5.1.1.1.6. ChairoftheCommission:
TheChair of theCommission shall be Colombian, and shall be electedbymutual agreement
between theNationalGovernmentand theFARC-EPbymeansofanagreedmechanism.The
ChairoftheCommissionshallbeitsprimarypublicspokesperson,whowillcoordinatethework
of the commissioners, facilitate its proper internal operation, and direct its tasks, preferably
seeking consensus in the internal decision-making process. The role of the Chair of the
Commissionisimportantbecausehe/shewillbebothanationalandinternationalfigurehead.
5.1.1.1.7. Term:
The Commission shall have a 3-year term, including the preparation of the final report. The
Commission shall have6months toprepareeverythingnecessary for its operation. The final
reportwillbepublishedwithinonemonthfollowingtheconclusionoftheCommission’swork.
5.1.1.1.8. Commitmenttocontributetowardshistoricalclarification
TheNationalGovernment,asexecutivepower,andtheFARC-EP,undertaketomakeagenuine
contribution to the process of clarifying the truth and to acknowledge their respective
responsibilitiesbeforetheCommission.
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TheGovernmentwilladoptallnecessarymeasurestoguaranteethecontributionofotherstate
entitiesandwillfosterthirdpartyparticipationintheCommission,soastocontributetowards
elucidationandtheacknowledgementofresponsibilities,aspartofthenecessaryguaranteesof
non-recurrence.
Pursuant to the applicable laws, theGovernmentundertakes to facilitate consultationof the
informationrequiredbytheCommissionforthefulfilmentofitsduties,andtheCommission,in
turn,willaffordsuchinformationthecorrespondinglegaltreatment.
5.1.1.1.9. Financing:
The National Government undertakes to guarantee the timely financing of all of the
Commission’s operations such that it is able to fully accomplish itsmandate and tasks in an
autonomousanduninterruptedmanner,includingthepublicationandwidespreaddissemination
of theFinalReport.TheCommissionwillneed to take thenecessarymeasures toensure the
transparentuseofitsresources,guaranteeingausterityinitsexpenditure.Citizenoversightof
resourceimplementationwillbeencouraged,withthenecessaryguaranteesbeingprovidedfor
this.
5.1.1.1.10.Committee toMonitor and Follow up the Implementation of the Commission’s
Recommendations:
FollowingthepublicationoftheFinalReport,acommitteewillbecreatedtomonitorandfollow
upontheimplementationoftheCommission’srecommendations.Inordertofulfilitsmission,
discussionswillbeencouragedwithdifferentvictims’andhumanrightsbodiesandorganisations,
among others. This committee will comprise representatives of different sectors of society,
includingvictims’andhumanrightsorganisations.TheCommissionwillestablishtheperiodof
timeforwhichthecommitteewilloperate.Thecommitteewillsubmitregularrecommendation-
monitoring reports. These reports will need to take a territorial-, equity- and gender-based
approach.Thecommitteewilltakethenecessarystepstodisseminateitsreportswidelyviathe
nationalandregionalmedia.TheNationalGovernmentwillguaranteefinancingofthecommittee
suchthatitisabletofulfilitstasks.
5.1.1.2. SpecialUnitfortheSearchforPersonsdeemedasMissinginthecontextofanddueto
thearmedconflict(UnidadparalaBúsquedadePersonasdadasporDesaparecidasenelcontextoyenrazóndelconflicto)
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPagreethatwiththeaimofdeterminingthefateof
peopledeemedasmissingasaresultofactsofstateagents,membersoftheFARC-EPorany
otherorganisationinvolvedintheconflict,andthuscontributingtorealisingthevictims’rights
totruthandreparations,theNationalGovernmentwillestablish,inthecontextoftheendofthe
conflictandfollowingthesigningoftheFinalAgreement,atransitoryandhigh-levelspecialunit,
with the strong participation of the victims, to search for persons deemed asmissing in the
contextofandduetothearmedconflict(hereinaftertheSUSPM).ThisUnitwillbehumanitarian
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bynatureandwillformpartoftheComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,Reparationsand
Non-Recurrence. It will enjoy the necessary independence and financial and administrative
autonomytoensurecontinuityofitsworkovertime.
TheSUSPMwilldirect,coordinateandcontributetotheimplementationofhumanitarianactions
inthecontextoftheCS,aimedatsearchingforandfindingpersonsdeemedasmissinginthe
contextofandduetothearmedconflictandwhomaystillbealiveor,inthecaseofthosewho
aredeceased,whereverpossibleidentifyingthemandprovidingforthedignifiedreturnoftheir
remains.
TheSUSPMwill,inallcases,providerelativeswithanofficialreportcontainingtheinformation
thatwasobtainedonthefateofthepersonorpersonsdeemedasmissing.
The SUSPM and the processes and procedures it implements will be of a humanitarian and
extrajudicial nature. Victims’ and human rights organisations will be involved in its design,
implementationandoperations,anditwillenjoythesupportofspecialistinstitutionsaimedat
incorporatinginternationalbestpracticeandtheexperiencesoftheNationalSearchCommission
fortheDisappeared(Comisióndebúsquedadepersonasdesaparecidas).
TheSUSPMwillhavethefollowingfunctions:
• Togatherallinformationnecessarytoestablishtheuniverseofpeopledeemedasmissingin
thecontextofandduetothearmedconflict.
• Tostrengthenandspeeduptheprocessesforidentifyingremains,incoordinationwiththe
National Instituteof LegalMedicine and Forensic Science (InstitutoNacional deMedicinaLegalyCienciasForenses).
• To coordinate and conduct processes to search for, identify, locate and provide for the
dignifiedreturnofremains,forwhichitwillneedto:
o Activelysearchfor,compareandanalyseallinformationavailablefromdifferentsources,
including confidential and voluntary interviews with those who, having participated
directlyorindirectlyinthehostilities,mayhaveinformationonthefateofpeopledeemed
asmissingduetotheconflict,aswellasinformationonthelocationofgraves,cemeteries
andsiteswheretheremainsofpeopledeemedasmissingmaybefound.
o Designandputinplaceanationalplantoestablishprioritiesfortheimplementationof
itswork,alongwiththecorrespondingregionalplans,forwhichitwillbeprovidedwith
thenecessarystaffandequipmentandwillcoordinateandworkwiththerelevantbodies.
The involvementof victims’ andhuman rightsorganisationswill beguaranteed in the
designandlaunchoftheplans.
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• The SUSPM will have the necessary powers and capacity to fulfil these functions, in
coordination with the state institutions, the Truth, Coexistence and Non-Recurrence
Commission,andwiththeactiveinvolvementofvictims’andhumanrightsorganisations.
• TheSUSPMwillhaveaccesstoofficialdatabasesandwillbeabletosignagreementswith
victims’andhumanrightsorganisations inorder toobtainaccess to the information they
hold. Inaccordancewiththe lawscurrentatthetimetheAgreement is implemented,the
NationalGovernmentundertakestofacilitatetheSUSPM’sconsultationoftheinformationit
requirestofulfil its functions,andtheSUSPM,for itspart,willaffordthis informationthe
correspondinglegaltreatment.
• To promote interinstitutional coordination for the guidance and psychosocial care of the
relativesofthosedeemedasmissinginthecontextofandduetothearmedconflict.
• To promote alliances with specialist national and international organisations in order to
facilitatethefulfilmentofitsfunctions.
• Wheneverpossible, toprovidefor thedignifiedreturntotheir relativesof theremainsof
peopledeemedasmissinginthecontextofandduetothearmedconflict,alwaysensuring
thisisinaccordancewiththeirdifferentethnicandculturaltraditions.
• Toguaranteetheparticipationoftherelativesofpeopledeemedasmissinginthecontextof
andduetothearmedconflictinprocessestosearchfor,identify,locateandprovideforthe
dignifiedreturnofremains.
• Toprovidefamilieswithanofficialreportcontainingtheinformationthathasbeenobtained
onthe fateof thepersondeemedasmissing,oncompletionof thecorrespondingsearch
plan.Remainsthatareunidentifiedorunclaimedbytheirrelativeswillbepreservedandwill
bemadeavailabletothecompetentauthoritiesinordertorealisethevictims’rights.
• TosubmitacopyofthereportdescribedintheaboveparagraphtotheTruth,Coexistence
andNon-RecurrenceCommission.
• Toregularlyandpubliclyreport,atleasteverysixmonths,ontheimplementationofactivities
forthesearch,identification,locationanddignifiedreturnofremains,alwaysrespectingthe
victims’righttoprivacy.
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• Toplan,coordinateanddirecttheimplementation,togetherwiththecorrespondingbodies
andwiththeparticipationofthevictims’andhumanrightsorganisations,ofanationalplan
andregionalplansfortracking,searchingandidentification.
• Toproduceandimplementanationalregistryofgraves,illegalcemeteriesandburialgrounds.
• Inordertofulfil itsfunctions,theSUSPMwilladoptprocedurestocompareandverifythe
qualityoftheinformationgathered,includingitsreliability,andtoidentifyfalseinformation.
The SUSPM’s humanitarianwork of searching for, locating, identifying and providing for the
dignifiedreturnofremainswillbeimplementedwithinthecontextoftheCS,asacomplement
toitsworkandwithouttakingonthetasksofitsothercomponents.TheSUSPM’sactivitieswill,
inparticular,neitherreplacenorhinderinvestigationsofajudicialnaturethatmaytakeplacein
fulfilmentofthestate’sobligations.
TheSUSPM’ssearchforremainswillnotpreventtheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace(JurisdicciónEspecial para la Paz) or other competent bodies from undertaking the investigations they
considernecessaryinordertoclarifythecircumstancesandresponsibilitieswithregardstothe
victimisationinthecasetakenupbytheSUSPM.
Inallcases,boththetechnicalforensicreportsandthematerialelementsassociatedwiththe
body that may be found at the place of the exhumations may be required by the Special
JurisdictionforPeaceandothercompetentbodies.Inordertoensuretheeffectivenessofthe
SUSPM’s humanitarian work and realise the victims’ maximum possible rights to truth and
reparationsand,aboveall,toalleviatetheirsuffering,informationreceivedorproducedbythe
SUSPMmaynotbeusedforthepurposesofattributingresponsibilitiesinjudicialprocessesor
foritsevidentiaryvalue,withtheexceptionoftechnicalforensicreportsandmaterialelements
associatedwiththebody.
InformationprovidedtotheSUSPMmaybetakenintoconsiderationinordertoreceivespecial
treatmentwithregardtojustice.
TheSUSPM’sofficialswillnotbeobligedtotestifyincourtcasesandwillbeexemptfromthe
duty to reportontheworkbeingundertakenby theUnit. If requiredtodosoby theSpecial
Jurisdiction for Peace, other competent authorities or the Truth, Coexistence and Non-
RecurrenceCommission, thoseproducingthetechnical reportswillneedtoratifyandexplain
withregardtothesereportsandthematerialelementsassociatedwiththebody.
During the Truth, Coexistence and Non-Recurrence Commission’s period of operations, the
SUSPMwillbeattentivetotheCommission’srequirementsandguidance.TheSUSPMandthe
Commission will establish a protocol for cooperation and exchange of information that will
contributetoachievingtheobjectivesofbothbodies.ItwillcoordinateitsactionswiththeTruth,
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CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommission,whichitwillinformofitsactionsandoutcomes,
andwhichitwillprovidewithanyinformationitrequires.
Inthecontextoftheendoftheconflict,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPundertaketo
providetheSUSPMwithallinformationattheirdisposalinordertoestablishthefateofpersons
deemedasmissinginthecontextofandduetotheconflict.
Inorder todesignand launch this SpecialUnit, the recommendationsof theNational Search
CommissionfortheDisappearedwillbetakenintoconsideration,asaresultoftheworkdoneto
developtheagreementon“Measuresthatcontributetothesearch,location,identificationand
dignifiedreturnofthosedeemedasmissinginthecontextofandduetotheconflict”.
• Formation:
The SUSPM will form part of, and will implement its tasks within the context of, the
ComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence.
TheSUSPMwillhaveadirectorwhowillneedtobeColombianandwhowillbechosenbythe
“MechanismforselectingJusticesoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace”agreedbythepartieson
12 August 2016 for the selection of justices, prosecutors and othermembers of the Special
JurisdictionforPeace,onthebasisofcriteriaofsuitabilityandexcellencedrawnupbearingin
mind the suggestions of the International Committee of theRedCross and the International
CommissiononMissingPersons.
In terms of how the SUSPM is structured, the director will receive recommendations and
suggestionsfromtheNationalSearchCommissionfortheDisappeared,victims’organisations,
the International Committee of the Red Cross and the International Commission onMissing
Persons.
Incarryingoutimmediatemeasurestobuildconfidenceinthesearch,location,identificationand
dignifiedhandingoverofremainsofpersonsdeemedasmissinginthecontextofandduetothe
armedconflictandtherefore,aspartoftheoperationsoftheUnitfortheSearchforPersons
deemedasMissing,wehaveagreedtostartupaspecialprocessofcontributionandcollection
of strictly humanitarian information between the National Government, the FARC-EP, the
victims'organisations,includingtheCommitteeonEnforcedDisappearancesoftheColombia-
Europe-UnitedStatesCoordination,FEVCOL,PAISLIBRE,ASFADDES,ECIAF,theVisibleVictims
Foundation,MOVICE,theNydiaErikaBautistaFoundationandwithpermanentcoordinationby
theICRCinordertocontinueandspeedupthesearchandcollectionofinformationonpersons
deemedasmissinginthecontextofandduetotheconflictonwhomnoinformationisheldas
to theirwhereabouts. For thesepurposes, immediatemeasureswill beadopted toallow the
National InstituteofLegalMedicinetocontributetothedevelopmentoftheprocedures.The
NationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPrepeattheircommitmenttocontinuingtoprovidethe
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ICRCwithinformationthattheyholdandtofacilitatetheimplementationofthesehumanitarian
measures.
5.1.2. Justice:
Withregardtojustice,ithasbeenagreedtoestablishaSpecialJurisdictionforPeace(JurisdicciónEspecialparalaPaz).
SPECIALJURISDICTIONFORPEACE
I. BASICPRINCIPLESOFTHEJUDICIALCOMPONENTOFTHECOMPREHENSIVESYSTEMFOR
TRUTH,JUSTICE,REPARATIONSANDNON-RECURRENCE(CS)
1.-“Stateshavealegalobligationtoaddresstherightsofthevictimsand,withthesameintensity,
theobligationtopreventfurtheractsofviolenceandtoachievepeaceinanarmedconflictby
themeansatitsdisposal.Peaceasaproductofanegotiationisofferedasamorallyandpolitically
superior alternative to peace as a result of the annihilation of the opponent. Therefore,
internationalhuman rights law should consider thatpeace is a right and that the statemust
achieveit.”7.
2.-ThejudicialcomponentoftheComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-
Recurrence(hereinafterreferredtoastheCS)isnamedtheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.The
objectivesofthejudicialcomponentoftheComprehensiveSystemaretorealisethevictims’right
tojustice,offertruthtotheColombiansociety,protectvictims’rights,contributetoachievinga
stable and lasting peace, and take decisions that offer full legal certainty to those who
participateddirectlyorindirectlyintheinternalarmedconflictwithregardtoactscommittedin
thecontextofandduringsaidconflictandwhich represent seriousbreachesof international
humanitarianlawandseriousviolationsofhumanrights.
3.-AguidingparadigmofthejudicialcomponentoftheCSistheideathatthepoliticalcommunity
is not simply a union of contemporary peers but also a link between generations over time.
Justice is forward-looking insofaras it considers thatoneperiod in time inevitably influences
subsequentones.Thisisaforward-lookingjusticethatisrespectfulofthevaluesofthepresent
and,atthesametime,concernedtoputanendtoconflictsthatmustnotbeperpetuated,with
theaimofdefendingtherightsoffuturegenerations.
4.-Thestatehastheautonomytoestablishspecialjurisdictionsorlegalsystems,derivingfrom
theprovisionsoftheUNCharteronthesovereigntyandself-determinationofnations,andfrom
principlesof international law, including internationalhumanitarian law, international lawon
humanrightsandinternationalcriminallaw.
7ConcurringOpinion,Inter-AmericanCourtofHumanRights,CaseoftheMassacresofElMozoteandnearbyplacesv.ElSalvador
(Judgmentof25October2012)
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5.-Inexercisingthisautonomy,acceptedandrecognisedbyinternationalhumanrightslaw,the
stateisabletoassessandevaluatethecomplexity,durationandseverityoftheinternalarmed
conflictwiththeaimofdesigningandadoptingjusticemechanismstoachievepeace,respecting
theparametersestablishedbyinternationallaw,inparticulartheguaranteeofhumanrights.
6.-Redressingvictims’rightsisatthecenteroftheGeneralAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeacesignedinHavanaon26August2012.Therightsofthevictims
andtheseverityofsufferinginflictedbyseriousbreachesofinternationalhumanitarianlawand
serious violationsof human rights occurringduring the conflictwill be taken into account as
centralthemesofallactsundertakenbythejudicialcomponentoftheCS.Suchviolationscause
seriousandlong-termharmtothevictims’lifeprojects.Harmcausedwillneedtoberepaired
andrestoredwhereverpossible.
Therefore, one of the guiding paradigms of the Justice component of the CS will be the
applicationofrestorativejusticethatpreferablyseekstherestorationofthedamagecausedand
reparations for the victims affectedby the conflict, particularly to end the situationof social
exclusiongeneratedby theirvictimisation.Restorative justice isprimarily concernedwith the
needsand thedignityof thevictimsand is appliedusingaholistic approach thatguarantees
justice,truthandguaranteesofnon-recurrenceofwhathasoccurred.
7.-Inaddition,theconsequencesofsuchviolationsaremostseriouswhentheyarecommitted
against women or when victims belong to the most vulnerable groups, subjects of special
protection,whodeservereparationsandspecialprotection,includingindigenouspeoples,Afro-
Colombian communities and other ethnically distinct groups, religious communities, rural
communities,thepoorest,thedisabled,thedisplacedandrefugees,children,andadolescents,
theLGBTIpopulationandtheelderly.
8.-Thejudicialcomponentwillfunctioninawaythatemphasisestheneedsofwomenandchild
victims, who suffer the disproportionate and differentiated effects of serious breaches and
violationscommittedbecauseofandduringtheconflict.Reparationsmustbein linewiththe
UnitedNations’callforallpeaceagreementstoadoptagenderfocus,recognisingreparativeand
restorativemeasures,thespecialsufferingofwomen,andtheimportanceoftheiractiveandfair
participationinthejudicialcomponentoftheCS.
9.-TheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace(SJP)isaspecialjurisdictionthatexercisesautonomousand
preferentialjudicialfunctionsoverissueswithinitsjurisdiction,particularlywithregardtoacts
consideredseriousbreachesof internationalhumanitarian laworseriousviolationsofhuman
rights.ItwillenterintoforceinthetermsestablishedintheFinalAgreement.Itwillapplyonlyto
actscommittedpriortoitsentryintoforce.
IntheeventofanyconflictofjurisdictionbetweenanyjurisdictionandtheSpecialJurisdiction
forPeace,itwillberesolvedbyanIncidentalJudicialPanelcomposedof3judgesoftheSupreme
CounciloftheJudiciary,electedbythatCouncil,and3judgesoftheChambersorSectionsofthe
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Special Jurisdiction for Peace not affected by the said conflict of jurisdiction, elected by the
plenaryof the Special Jurisdiction forPeace.Decisions in the Incidental Judicial Panelwill be
adoptedbyasimplemajorityand,ifnomajorityisachieved,inviewofthepreferentialnatureof
theSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,itwillberesolvedbythePresidentofthatJurisdiction.
Crimescommittedbecauseof,atthetimeofordirectlyorindirectlyrelatingtothearmedconflict
consistofpunishableconductwheretheexistenceofthearmedconflictwasthereasonwhythey
werecommittedorhasplayedasubstantialroleintheabilityoftheperpetratortocommitthe
punishableact,inhisorherdecisiontocommitit,inthewayinwhichitwascommittedorinthe
purposeforwhichitwascommitted.
ThedeadlinefortheconclusionofthefunctionsoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceconsisting
ofthepresentationofaccusationsbythe InvestigationandProsecutionUnit,officiallyorasa
resultofthereportsdealingwithsub-paragraphsb)and(c)ofItem48,willbe10yearsfromthe
effectiveentryintooperationofallJudicialPanelsandChambersoftheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peace,withasubsequentperiodofafurther5yearsinwhichtocompleteitsjudicialactivity.This
latter termmaybeextended tocomplete itsactivities ifnecessary.TheStabilityandEfficacy
ChamberprovidedforinthelastparagraphofItem52maybeconstitutedwhenevernecessary
withoutanylimitationwhatsoeverintermsoftime.
WithregardtomembersoforganisationsthatsignpeaceagreementswiththeGovernment,the
specialtreatmentofjusticewillalsoapplywithregardtoconductthatiscloselyrelatedtothe
processoflayingdownarmstakingplacefromtheentryintoforceoftheFinalAgreementupto
thecompletionoftheprocessoflayingdownarms.
10.-Onterminationofthehostilities,theamnestyforrebelswillbeconditionalsolelyuponthe
endoftherebellionoftheirrespectivearmedorganisationsandfulfilmentoftheprovisionsof
theFinalAgreement,withoutprejudice to theprovisionsof Items23and27.Theend to the
rebellion, for the purposes of obtaining an amnesty or pardon, will be set out in the Final
Agreement.
11.-Inothercasesnoteligibleforanamnestyorpardon,inordertoestablishtheindictmentor
toreceiveandimplementthesanctionsestablishedintheCS, itwillbenecessarytofulfil the
conditionsontruth,reparationsandnon-recurrenceestablishedtherein,onceallcomponentsof
theCShavebeenputintooperation.
12.-TheresponsibilityofthoseatwhomtheCSisaimeddoesnotrelievethestateofitsdutyto
respect and ensure full enjoyment of human rights or its obligations, in accordance with
internationalhumanitarianlawandinternationalhumanrightslaw.
13.-InordertoaccessthespecialtreatmentsetoutinthejudicialcomponentoftheCS,itwillbe
necessarytoprovidethefulltruth,reparationsforthevictimsandguaranteesofnon-recurrence.
Providingthefulltruthmeans,whereitisavailable,givinganexhaustiveanddetailedaccountof
actsandthecircumstancesinwhichtheywerecommitted,aswellasnecessaryandsufficient
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informationtobeabletoattributeresponsibilities,andthusensurethatthevictims’rightsto
reparationsandguaranteesofnon-recurrencearerealised.Thedutytoprovidethetruthdoes
notimplytheobligationtoacceptresponsibility.Specialtreatmentisunderstoodasmeaningthe
specialandalternativesanctionssetoutinItem60.
14.-InaccordancewiththerulesapplicabletotheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,allactswithin
thejudicialcomponentwillrespectfundamentalrightsofdueprocess,defence,legalassistance,
presumptionofinnocence,andtheindependenceandimpartialityoftheJusticessittingonthe
judicialpanelsandinthechambers,aswellasthemembersoftheInvestigationandProsecution
Unit.TheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacewillapplytheprincipleofapplyingthemostfavourable
law in all its actions, particularlywith regard to the treatment to be receivedby any person
subjecttothisjurisdiction.Alljudicialdecisionsontheresponsibilitiesandsanctioningofpeople
willbedulysubstantiatedandbasedonreliableevidencethat isadmissible incourt.Whena
witnesstestifiesagainstanypersonforconductthatfallswithinthejurisdictionoftheSpecial
JurisdictionforPeaceinexchangeforproceduralorpunitivebenefitsofanykind,theevidential
value of his or her testimony will be conditional on the contents of that testimony being
corroboratedbyotherevidence.Thejudgmentsandrulingsofthejudicialpanelsandchambers
maybesubjecttoadministrativeorgeneralappealattherequestoftheirrecipients.
15.- The functioning of the judicial component of the CS is indivisible and will be applied
simultaneouslyandcomprehensivelytoall thosewhoparticipateddirectlyor indirectly inthe
armedconflict;itsdecisionswillofferguaranteesoflegalcertaintytoalloftheabove.Itsscope
ofapplicationissetoutinItems9and32.
Should laws or rules be approved following the signing of the agreement on the Special
Jurisdiction for Peace that grant differentiated treatment to state agents or others for acts
directly or indirectly related to the armed conflict, whether they be combatants or non-
combatants, thatwill result in the above being removed from the jurisdiction of the Special
JurisdictionforPeace,orinthenon-applicationofthisjurisdictionorthenon-applicationofthe
conditions referring to sanctions as set out in this text regarding these people, the Special
TribunalforPeacewillexerciseitspreferentialjurisdictionintheareaswithinitsjurisdictionin
linewiththeprovisionsofthisdocument.
16.- The state will guarantee the administrative autonomy and competence and budgetary
autonomyof theCSandparticularly the judicial component.AnExecutive Secretariatwill be
establishedtoberesponsiblefortheadministration,managementanduseoftheresourcesof
theSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,undertheguidanceofitsPresidency.TheSecretariatwillbegin
functioningsufficientlyinadvancetoensurethattheinfrastructureoftheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peace is available from its commencement. The state will establish economic and financial
mechanisms for the timely and effective use of resources, which may come from different
nationalandinternationalsources.TheExecutiveSecretariatwillbeappointedbyamechanism
asdeterminedbythepartiestothepeacetalks,callinguponindividualswithwideexperienceof
administrationandofhighmoralstanding.
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II.CONTENT,SCOPEANDLIMITSOFTHEAMNESTIESANDPARDONSTOBEGRANTED,ALONG
WITHOTHERSPECIALTREATMENT
17.-TheComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrencewillhavethe
overridingaimsofconsolidatingpeaceandrealisingtherightsofvictims.
18.- The final outcome of the application of the Comprehensive System for Truth, Justice,
ReparationsandNon-Recurrencemustbe toguarantee legal certainty inorder topromotea
stableandlastingpeace.
19.-ForthepurposesoftheCS,thereferencelegalframeworksareprimarilyinternationalhuman
rights law(IHRL)and internationalhumanitarian law(IHL).Whenadoptingtheir judgmentsor
rulings,thechambersoftheTribunalforPeace,thepanelsandtheInvestigationandProsecution
Unitwillpresenttheirownindictment.ThisassessmentwillbebasedontheColombianPenal
Codeand/or the rulesof International Law in the fieldofHumanRights (IHRL), International
Humanitarian Law (IHL) or International Criminal Law (ICL), always applying the principle of
applyingthemostfavourablelaw.
Theresultingassessmentmaydifferfromthepreviousassessmentcarriedoutbythejudicial,
disciplinaryoradministrativeauthoritiestoassesssuchactssinceInternationalLawisconsidered
tobeapplicableasareferencelegalframework.
20.-Victimsshallenjoyrightstothetruth,justice,reparationsandguaranteesofnon-recurrence.
In order to guarantee these rights, they will participate in the CS in accordance with the
implementingregulationsofthejudicialcomponentand,amongotherthings,mustbeconsulted
regardingtheconditionsforprioritisingandselectingcases.Theregulationswillneedtorespect
thevictims’righttoprompt,fullandefficientjustice.
21.-TheColombianstatealsohasadutytoensure,byanyreasonablemeanswithinitspower,
truth,justice,reparationsandguaranteesofnon-recurrencewithrespecttoseriousbreachesof
IHLorserioushumanrightsviolations.
22.- With regard to justice, in accordance with IHRL, the Colombian state has a duty to
investigate,clarify,prosecuteandsanctionseriousviolationsofIHRLorseriousbreachesofIHL.
23.-Onterminationofthehostilities,inaccordancewithIHL,theColombianstatewillbeableto
grant“thebroadestpossible”amnesty.Thebroadestpossibleamnestywillbegrantedtorebels
belongingtoorganisationsthathavesignedafinalpeaceagreement,asestablishedinItem10,
alongwith those accused or convicted of politicallymotivated crimes bymeans of decisions
passedby the justice system, in linewith theprovisions established in this document in this
regard,inaccordancewithItem38.
24.-TheConstitutionallowsamnestiesorpardonstobegrantedforthecrimeofrebellionand
otherpoliticallymotivatedcrimes.
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25.-Somecrimeswillbeineligibleforanamnestyorapardon,inaccordancewithItem40and
41of this document.Neither crimes against humanity nor other crimes set out in theRome
Statuteareeligibleforanamnesty.
26.-Forthepurposesoflegalcertainty,itwillbenecessarytoclearlydeterminewhichcrimesare
eligibleforanamnestyorpardonandwhicharenot.Tothisend,theamnestyrulestobeadopted
willfollowtheprinciplessetoutinthisdocumentcreatingtheSJP.Whendeterminingwhether
anactioniseligibleforanamnestyorpardon,themostfavourablelawwillapplyfortherecipient
oftheamnestyorpardon,providingthereisnoprohibitiongoverningtheamnestyorpardonin
internationallawinrelationtotheconductofwhichtherebels,orotherpersonsaccusedofbeing
rebels,areaccusedofhavingundertaken.Theapplicationofthemostfavourablelawshallbe
giventoallofthoseforwhomtheSJPisapplicable.
27.-Thegrantingofamnestiesorpardonsoraccesstoanyspecialtreatmentdoesnotrelieve
people of the duty to contribute, individually or collectively, to clarification of the truth as
establishedinthisdocument.
28.-Thetreatmenttobereceivedinthejudicialcomponentwillbeproportionatetothedegree
ofvoluntaryorcollectivecontributionofeachpersontothetruth.
29.-Thescopeofeverycrimethatisorisnoteligibleforanamnestywillbeclearlydetermined
forthepurposesoflegalcertainty.
30.- Crimes that are ineligible for an amnesty or pardon must be subject to the judicial
componentoftheComprehensiveSystemforTruth, Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence
(CS)agreedbytheparties.
31.-Sanctionswillbeestablishedinthejudicialcomponentforthosewithresponsibilityincases
thatareruledasineligibleforanamnestyorpardon.
32.-ThejudicialcomponentoftheCSwillapplytoallthosewhoparticipateddirectlyorindirectly
inthearmedconflict.Itwillapplytothoseinvestigatedorconvictedofthecrimeofrebellionor
othercrimesrelatedtotheconflict,whethertheybelongtothearmedorganisationsinrebellion
ornot.
Withregardtocombatants in illegalarmedgroups,the judicialcomponentoftheSystemwill
onlyapplytothosesigningafinalpeaceagreementwiththeNationalGovernment.
TheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacewillalsohavejurisdictionoveractsoffinancingorcollaborating
withparamilitarygroups,orwithanyprotagonistintheconflict,whentheywerenottheresult
ofcoercion.Thisrelatestopeoplewhohadanactiveorsignificantinvolvementincommitting
crimesfallingwithinthisarea,asestablishedinItem40,unlesspreviouslyconvictedbythejustice
system for these same acts. The judicial chambers and panels of the SJP will decide the
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appropriateprocedure,accordingtothecase.InaccordancewithItems48(t)and58(e),people
whomayhavehadasignificantinvolvementinoneoftheactslistedinItem40andwhohave
not previously appeared before the Judicial Panel for Acknowledgment of Truth will be
summonedbytheReviewChamberoftheTribunaltoappearbeforetheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peace.
Thejudicialcomponentwillalsoapplytostateagentswhomayhavecommittedcrimesrelated
toorduringthearmedconflict;thisapplicationwillbeinadifferentiatedmanner,providingfair,
balanced, simultaneous and symmetrical treatment. This treatment will need to take into
accountthestate’sroleasguarantorofrights.
In the case of state agents, the application of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace is based on
recognitionthattheessentialpurposeofthestateistoprotectandguaranteetherightsofall
citizensandithasanobligationtocontributetothestrengtheningofinstitutions.Therefore,its
agents,inparticularthemembersoftheColombianStateArmedForces(whichincludeboththe
Military Forces and the National Police), have the power to legitimately use force and their
actionsarepresumedtobelegal.
"Stateagent"isconsideredtomean,forthepurposesoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,any
personwho, at themomentwhen the alleged criminal actwas committed,was serving as a
memberofapubliccorporation,asanemployeeorworkerofthestateorofitsdecentralised
bodies,intermsofterritoryandservices,whowasinvolvedinthedesignorimplementationof
criminalactsrelatingdirectlyorindirectlywiththearmedconflict.Inorderforittobeconsidered
thatsuchactsmaybeheardbytheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,theymusthavebeencarried
outbymeansofactsoromissionscommittedwithinthecontextandatthetimeoftheinternal
armedconflictandmustnothavebeencarriedoutforthepurposeofpersonalenrichmentor,if
anysuchpurposeexisted,itmustnothavebeenthedeterminingfactorforthecriminalact.
The creation and functioning of the Special Jurisdiction for Peacewill have no effect on the
current rules applicable to those who have held the office of President of the Republic, in
accordancewiththeprovisionsofArticle174ofthePoliticalConstitutionofColombiaatthetime
of approving this document. Should the SJP be apprised of information that compromises a
personhavingheldtheofficeofPresidentoftheRepublic,thisinformationwillbereferredtothe
HouseofRepresentativesofCongressforissueswithintheirjurisdiction,saidreferralwilltake
place whenever considered appropriate by the SJP, once it has undertaken the relevant
verifications.
33.-InaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheFinalAgreement,thejudicialcomponentoftheCS
will take precedence over criminal, disciplinary or administrative proceedings for conduct
committedduring,becauseof,ordirectlyorindirectlyrelatedto,thearmedconflictgiventhatit
willhaveexclusivejurisdictionoversuchconduct.
With regard to disciplinary or administrative sanctions or investigations, including financial
sanctions imposed on private individuals in any jurisdiction, the jurisdiction of the Special
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JurisdictionforPeacewillbelimitedeithertoanullingorextinctionofcriminalliabilityorofany
disciplinaryoradministrativesanctionsimposedforconductrelateddirectlyorindirectlytothe
armed conflict, or to reviewing said sanction, all at the request of the person sanctioned or
investigated.Innocasemaytherequestresultinthereopeningofacriminalinvestigationfor
saidacts.Shouldareviewofthesanctionimposedberequestedortheextinctionofthesanction
orresponsibility,theReviewChamberoftheTribunalforPeacewillbecompetent.Withregard
to the people investigated, the Judicial Panel for Determination of Legal Situations will be
competent.
34.-ThejudicialcomponentformembersoftheFARC-EP,foragentsofthestateandforother
actorsthathaveparticipatedintheconflict,eitherascombatantsorasnon-combatants,when
theyhavecommittedcrimes,maybedifferentbutbalancedandfair.
35.-Peacefulprotest,defenceofhumanrightsandleadershipofcivilsocietygroupscannotin
themselvesbeclassifiedascriminaloffencesandsanctioned.Iftherehavebeencasesofsuch
sanctioning, special treatment mechanisms will be granted that may extend as far as the
extinctionofcriminalliability.TheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon,theJudicialPanelfor
Determinationof Legal Situations and theReviewChamber of the Tribunal for Peacewill be
competenttodecidewhetherthesanctions,investigationsorsentencesimposedintheprevious
situationsshouldbeextinguished,revisedorannulled.
36.- The imposition of any sanction in the CS will not legally hinder a person from political
participationor limit theexerciseofany right,activeorpassive, topoliticalparticipation, the
partieswillagreetherelevantconstitutionalreformsinthisregard.
37.-Article6.5ofProtocolIIAdditionaltotheGenevaConventions,towhichColombiaisaState
Party,willapply.Itstatesthefollowing:“Attheendofhostilities,theauthoritiesinpowershall
endeavour to grant the broadest possible amnesty to personswho have participated in the
armed conflict, or those deprived of their liberty for reasons related to the armed conflict,
whethertheyareinternedordetained.”
38.-Inaccordancewiththeabove,politicallymotivatedcrimescommittedinthedevelopment
oftherebellionbypersonsformingpartoftherebelgroupswithwhichapeaceagreementhas
been signedwill be granted amnesties and pardons. In line with the provisions of the Final
Agreementandthisdocument,theamnestyruleswillclearlyandpreciselydeterminethecrimes
eligibleforamnestiesandpardonsandthecriteriafordeterminingrelatedacts.Themembership
tosaidgroupwillbedeterminedbytheprovisionofalistbyeachrebelgroup,thepartieswill
determine how verification should proceed. Politically motivated crimes will, for example,
includerebellion,seditionandviolentrioting,aswellastheillegalcarryingoffirearms,killingsin
combat when compatible with international humanitarian law, criminal conspiracy for the
purposesofrebellionandotherpoliticallymotivatedcrimes.Todecideregardingtheconnection
between political crime and crimes related to crops used for illicit purposes, the criteria
established by Colombian domestic case law shall be taken into account, applying themost
favourable law. The same amnesty or pardon criteria will apply to persons investigated or
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sanctionedforcrimesofrebellionorsimilar,withoutthembeingobligedtorecognisethemselves
asrebels.
BeforetheentryintoforceoftheFinalAgreement,itwillbenecessarytoestablishhowthelaying
downofarmsandreincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivillife,theentryintoforceofthejudicial
componentoftheCSandeffectiveaccesstotheamnestywillbecoordinated.
Inthecaseof theFARC-EP,participation intheCSwillbesubject tothe layingdownofarms
agreedinpoint3.2oftheGeneralAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeaceof26August2012.
39.-Therewillbetwocriteriafordeterminingactsrelatedtoapoliticalcrime,oneinclusiveand
theotherrestrictivebynature.Thefirstcriterionwillconsistofincludingaspoliticallymotivated
crimes: 1.- those crimes specifically linked to the development of the crime of rebellion
committed due to the armed conflict, such as for example apprehending combatants during
military operations; 2.- crimes inwhich the passive subject of the action is the state and its
current constitutional system; and 3.- conduct aimed at facilitating, supporting, financing or
concealingthedevelopmentoftherebellion,forwhichthecontentofeachoftheprevioustypes
ofactionwillneedtobedefined.Anycrimeswhichhavenotresultedinthepersonalenrichment
oftherebelsandarenotdeemedtobecrimesagainsthumanity,seriouswarcrimesorgenocide
shallberegardedasconductintendedtofinancetherebellion.
TheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardonshalldeterminetheconnectionwithpoliticalcrime
onacase-by-casebasis.
Thesecondcriterion,ofarestrictivenature,willexcludeinternationalcrimes,inaccordancewith
theprovisionsof Items40and41,asestablished in international law inaccordancewith the
RomeStatute.Withregardtoapplyingthecriteriafordeterminingrelatedactstoanythingthat
hasnotbeendefinedpreciselyintheAmnestyLaw,thedoctrineadoptedwhentheJudicialPanel
forAmnestyandPardonandtheReviewChamberoftheTribunalforPeaceinterpretthisLaw
willbeborneinmind.
40.-Crimesagainsthumanity,genocide,seriouswarcrimes–thatis,anyviolationofinternational
humanitarian lawcommittedaspartofa systematicattack–hostage takingorother serious
deprivationsoffreedom,torture,extrajudicialexecutions,forceddisappearances,rapeandother
formsofsexualviolence,childabduction,forceddisplacementandtherecruitmentofminorswill
allbeineligibleforanamnestyorpardon,ineverycaseasestablishedintheRomeStatute.
TheAmnesty Lawwill determine the acts classified in national legislation as ineligible for an
amnesty,providedtheycorrespondtotheabovelist.
Theruleswillspecifythescopeandreachoftheseactsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe
RomeStatute,internationalhumanrightslawandinternationalhumanitarianlaw.
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41.-Commoncrimesunrelatedtotherebellionshallalsobeineligibleforanamnestyorpardon
throughtheCS,inaccordancewiththeAmnestyLaw.
42.- Investigations underway and disciplinary and/or administrative sanctions will also be
extinguishedwhentheyhavebeenimposedforconductoractsrelatedtothearmedconflictor
rebellion.Inapplicationofthis,considerationwillbegiventoactsthatcouldbeeligibleforan
amnestyorpardon,accordingtotheAmnestyLaw.
43.- The granting of amnesties or pardons does not extinguish the victims’ right to receive
reparations.
44.-Inaccordancewiththeabove,aspecial,simultaneous,balancedandfairtreatmentwillbe
established for state agents, based on international humanitarian law. This differentiated
treatmentwilltakeintoaccounttheprovisionsofoperationallawgoverningtheColombianState
ArmedForces(whichincludeboththeMilitaryForcesandthePolice)inrelationtoIHL.Innocase
maycommandresponsibilitybebasedexclusivelyonrank,hierarchyorscopeofjurisdiction.The
responsibility of members of the Colombian State Armed Forces for the actions of their
subordinateswillneedtobebasedoneffectivecontroloftherespectiveaction,knowledgebased
oninformationavailabletothembefore,duringandaftertheactionwascommitted,aswellas
themeanswithintheirpowertopreventitand,ifhavingtakenplace,topromotetheappropriate
investigations.
III.PROCEDURE,BODIESANDSANCTIONSOFTHEJUDICIALCOMPONENTOFTHECS
45.-Twoprocedureswillbeappliedinthejudicialcomponent:
1.Procedureinthecaseofacknowledgementofthetruthandresponsibility.
2.Procedureinthecaseofalackofacknowledgementofthetruthandresponsibility.
46.- In order to realise the victims’ right to justice, the judicial componentwill comprise the
followingbodies:
a. JudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruth,ResponsibilityandDeterminationofFacts
andConduct,
b. TribunalforPeace,
c. JudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon,
d. JudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations,forcasesotherthanthoseaboveor
inotherunforeseensituationsand,
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e. InvestigationandProsecutionUnit,whichmustrealisethevictims’righttojusticewhen
thereisnocollectiveorindividualacknowledgementofresponsibility.
Judmentsandrulingswillneedtobedulysubstantiatedandbasedonlaw.Theymaybebriefin
thepartcorrespondingtoverificationoftherequirementsoftheCS.
Everybodyhastherighttoexercisetheirrightofdefencethroughanyofthebodiesofthejudicial
componentoftheCS,astheyprefer,whetherindividuallyorcollectively,forexampleasformer
membersofanorganisation,orthroughtheorganisationtowhichtheybelonged.Anylawyer
accreditedassuchbythecorrespondingbodiesofhisorhercountryofresidencemayactas
defencelawyerbeforetheCS.Thestatewillofferanautonomoussystemofadviceanddefence
-freeofchargeiftheapplicantlacksresources-andthiswillcomprisedulyqualifieddefence
lawyersselectedviaamechanismtobeagreedbythepartiesbeforethejudicialcomponentof
theCSentersintooperation.Iftheinterestedpartysowishes,theymayusethejudicialdefence
systemsalreadyexistinginColombia.
TheJusticesofthePanelsandChambersoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceshall,inexerciseof
theirautonomy,adopttheoperatingandorganisationalregulationsoftheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peace, in line with principles of impartiality, independence and guarantees of due process,
avoiding any revictimisation and providing due support to victims in accordance with the
provisions of the relevant international standards. These regulations will also establish the
groundsandproceduresforchallengingandlegallyhinderingJustices.Theseindividualswillhave
theflexibilitytobeallocatedtodifferentchambersandpanelsdependingontheworkloadof
eachone,andinaccordancewiththecriteriasetoutintheregulations.
TheJusticesofthepanelsandchambersoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceshalldrawupthe
proceduralrulesgoverningtheproceedings,whichmust,ataminimum,provideforthefollowing
principles: the System must be adversarial and respect due process and the principle of
impartiality,itmustprovideforduepublicityandguaranteetheprinciplethatbothsidesmust
beheardinassessingevidenceandthedefence,aswellastherighttoasecondhearing,andit
mustcomplywiththeprinciplesprovidedfor in Item14.Theaboveproceduralrulesmustbe
incorporatedintoColombiandomesticlaw.
TheTribunalforPeacewillbethefinalbodyoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacecreatedwithin
theCS.
47.-Acknowledgementoftruthandresponsibilityforactsmaybeindividualorcollective,oralor
bymeansofalettersenttotheSJP’sJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruth,Responsibility
andDeterminationofFactsandConduct,once theReports referred to in Item48havebeen
receivedandthePanelhasbeenestablished.ThetimelimitforreceivingtheReportsreferredto
inItem48shallbe2yearsandmaybeextended,inapublicandadequatelyreasonedmanner,
forsuccessiveperiodsofthreemonths,uptoamaximumof3yearsfromwhenallofthePanels
andChambersoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacehavebeenestablished,exceptinexceptional
anddulyreasonedcircumstances,inwhichthetimelimitmaybeextendedmoderatelybythe
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Judicial Panel for Acknowledgement of Truth and Responsibility. In the case of collective
acknowledgement,subsequentindividualattributionofresponsibilitywillbeforthemembersof
the organisation that issued the acknowledgement. Persons who are attributed individual
responsibility will be able to accept this responsibility or state their disagreement with this
individualattribution.Iftheydonotacceptordenytheindividualattributionofresponsibility,
thecontentofthestatementinwhichtheyarementionedwillneedtobecommunicatedtothe
personconcerned,forthesakeofrespectfordueprocess.Ifapersonwhohasremainedsilent,
acceptsresponsibilityoncetheyarelocated,thentheywillbesubjecttothesanctionsalready
imposed,provided theymeet theSystem’s conditions. If theydonotaccept responsibilityor
remainsilent,theywillbereferredtotheInvestigationandProsecutionUnit.
TheJudicialPanelmayagreethatacknowledgementofthetruthandresponsibilityshouldtake
placeinaPublicHearing,inthepresenceofinvitedvictims’organisations,onthedateindicated,
withoutprejudicetothefactthatthisrecognitionmaybeinwriting.
48.-TheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruth,ResponsibilityandDeterminationofFacts
andConductwillhavethefollowingfunctions:
a. To decidewhether the events and conduct attributed to different people fall within the
system’sjurisdiction,thatis,werecommitteddirectlyorindirectlyinrelationtoorduringthe
internalarmedconflict.
b. ToreceivereportssubmittedtoitbytheOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalíaGeneraldela Nación), the relevant bodies of the military criminal justice system, the Accusations
Commission of the House of Representatives or any body replacing it, the Office of the
InspectorGeneral(ProcuraduríaGeneraldelaNación),theOfficeoftheComptrollerGeneral
(ContraloríaGeneraldelaNación)oranyotherjurisdictionoperatinginColombiawithregard
toall investigationsunderway in relation to conduct committedduringorbecauseof the
armedconflict,includinganywhichmayhavealreadybeenbroughttotrialorconcludedby
theInspectorGeneralorComptrollerGeneralorbyanyotherjurisdiction.Thereportswill
classifytheactionsaccordingtotheallegedperpetratorsandgrouptogethersimilarconduct
intoasinglecategory,withoutindictment.Areportontherelevantrulingshandeddownby
thejusticesystemwillalsobesenttotheJudicialPanel,bytheAdministrativeBodyofthe
JudicialBranchorbythoseconvicted.Thecompetentbodiesofthemilitarycriminaljustice
systemwillalsosendthedecisionshandeddown.Anyadministrativebodythathaspassed
sanctionsforconductrelatedtotheconflictwillalsosendtheresolutionsinwhichtheseare
noted.Inalltheabovecases,reportsoftherulingsorresolutionswillbeattached.
AlongwiththereportssubmittedbytheOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral,thisinstitutionwill
includethecertificationsofreportsthathavebeenreferredbytheJusticeandPeace(JusticiayPaz)jurisdictioncreatedbyLaw975of2005,sothattheSJPcandeterminewhetherthe
relatedactsfallwithinitsjurisdictionornot,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthethird
paragraphofItem32.
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c. ToreceivereportsfromColombianvictims’andhumanrightsorganisationswithregardto
acts committed during or because of the armed conflict, as well as from judicial or
administrativesources.Theprocedureprovidedforinparagraghh)ofthisItemshallapplyto
thosereports.
d. The reportswill group together the acts by perpetrators or allegedperpetrators andwill
grouptogethersimilarconductintoasinglecategory,withoutindictment.Thereportswill
needtoberigorous.TheJudicialPanelmayorderthereportstobeorganisedbythemost
representativecrimes.
e. Whenapersonhasbeencompromisedinareportorastatementofacknowledgement,the
Panelwillnotifythemsothattheyhavetheopportunitytovoluntarilyprovidetheirversion
oftheevents.Thepersonwillbeable,atthistime,toacknowledgetruthandresponsibility
ortodenytheconductorsubmitthatitwasunrelatedtotheconflict.Anypersonconvicted
in a judgment of the ordinary courts, for conduct falling within the jurisdiction of the
ComprehensiveSystem,mayappearvoluntarilytoacknowledgethecomplete,detailedand
exhaustivetruthincaseswhichdonothavetobereferredtotheJudicialPanelforAmnesty
andPardonortheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations.
f. Tosetthedatesanddeadlinesforreceivingreportsandformakingtheseavailabletothe
personsororganisationsnoted in them,taking intoaccountthetime limitsestablished in
Item47.
g. Once the reports have been received, a reasonable and sufficient timescale will be
establishedforthestatements,oralorwritten,acknowledgingtruthandresponsibility.
h. Once all reports established in paragraphs b) and c) describing the conduct have been
receivedtheywillbecomparedand,oncetheversionnotedinsub-paragraphe)hasbeen
takenintoaccount,shouldtherebesufficientgroundstobelievethattheeventstookplace,
thatthepersonmentionedparticipatedinthemandthattheactioncorrespondstocriminal
offencesineligibleforanamnestyorpardon,theywillneedtobemadeavailabletothose
allegedlyresponsiblesothattheycandecidewhetherornottocomeforwardtoacknowledge
truthandresponsibilityorwhethertocomeforwardtodefendthemselvesfromthecharges
made.
The Judicial Panelmay refer the reports established inparagraphsb) and c) of this Item,
where there are indications that theymay contain accusations, references to conduct or
complaintswhichareapparentlyfalseandfraudulentlymade,orwhereitthinkstheywere
submittedwiththeintentionofcausingmaliciousprosecution.Thereportswillbereferred
tothecourtsof theordinaryColombian justicesystem,whichmustactaccordingtotheir
jurisdiction,applyingtheprovisionsofdomesticcriminal lawandregardingthereportsas
complaintsmadeintheordinarycriminal justicesystem.Everysixmonths,thecompetent
courts must inform the Judicial Panel for Acknowledgement of Truth, Responsibility and
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DeterminationofFactsandConductregardingthestatusoftheproceedingsrelatingtoeach
reportreferred.
i. Toreceivethestatementsofacknowledgementoftruthandresponsibility,bothindividual
and collective. For the imposition of sanctions, the highest-ranking officials, through
commandresponsibility,willneedtobeindividuallyidentified.
j. TheOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalíaGeneraldelaNación)ortheinvestigatingbodyofanyotherjurisdictionoperatinginColombiawillcontinuetheinvestigationsuntilthePanel
publiclyannouncesthatithasconcludedthepreviouslyestablishedsteps-withtheexception
ofthereceiptofacknowledgementsoftruthandresponsibility,whichwillalwaysneedtobe
subsequent to the Panel’s receipt of all the investigations carried outwith regard to the
conductinquestion-andwillpresentitsresolutionofconclusionstotheTribunalforPeace
inthreemonths’time.Atthispoint,theOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneralortheinvestigating
bodyinquestionwillneedtosendthePanelalltheinvestigationsithasonsaideventsand
conduct,atwhichpointtheauthorityoftheOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneralortherelevant
investigatingbodytocontinueinvestigatingeventsorconductfallingwithinthejurisdiction
oftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceshallcease.
IftheOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneralortherelevantinvestigatingbodyidentifiesacasethat
shouldhavebeensubjecttothereportnotedinparagraphb)ofthisItem,itwillneedtosend
it to the JudicialPanel forAcknowledgement immediately.Nonetheless, theOfficeof the
AttorneyGeneralortherelevantinvestigatingbodywillcontinuetoinvestigateconductor
actsthatdonotfallwithinthejurisdictionofthejudicialcomponentoftheCSandwillprovide
supporttoitsbodieswhentheyrequestit.
k. OncethereportfromtheOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalíaGeneraldelaNación),from
victims’andhumanrightsorganisations,orfromtherelevant investigatingbodyhasbeen
received,thePanelmayaskthemorothercompetentstatebodiestoreportonactsforwhich
thereisinsufficientinformation.
l. Aspromptlyaspossibleandatanymomentconsideredappropriate,tosendtheJudicialPanel
forAmnestyandPardonalistofthepeoplebenefitingfromthesemeasures,basedonthe
list drawnupby the FARC-EP, crosscheckedby the Judicial Panel forAcknowledgmentof
TruthandResponsibility.
m. TopresentresolutionsofconclusionstotheTribunalinaccordancewiththelistofsanctions
andinlinewiththerespectiveacknowledgedconduct.Alsotopresentinasingleresolution
and, as soon as possible, any conclusions regarding the same person which are in the
possessionofthePanelonaccountofanyconductwhichisknownabout.
n. As promptly as possible and at anymoment considered appropriate, to decide whether
conduct that has not been acknowledged will be referred to the Investigation and
ProsecutionUnitsothat,ifappropriateandthereisvalueindoingso,courtproceedingscan
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beopenedbeforetheTribunal.ItmayalsodecidetoreferconducttotheJudicialPanelfor
DeterminationofLegalSituations.
o. Forthepurposesofissuingitsresolutions,itwillneedtofocusinitiallyonthemostserious
casesandthemostrepresentativeconductorpractices.
p. TorefertwokindsofpersontotheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations:the
firstconsistingof thosepersonsoracts thatare ineligible foramnestyorpardonandnot
includedintheresolutionofconclusions,andasecondconsistingofthosewhowillnotneed
tobeheldtoaccountbeforetheTribunal,forwhateverreason.
q. Whentheacknowledgementoftruthandresponsibilityisconsideredincomplete,tosummon
thedeclarantssothattheycancompleteit,indicatingtheconductwhich,shouldfulltruth
notbeprovided,wouldbe referred to the InvestigationandProsecutionUnit todecide if
thereisvalueinitbeingreferredtotheTrialChamber.Thesummonssenttodeclarantswill
needtoindicatetheconcreteaspectsthatneedcompleting.
r. Shouldapersonindividuallyattributedresponsibilityinacollectivestatementmakeknown
theirdisagreementwiththis,tosendthecasetotheInvestigationandProsecutionUnitto
decideifthereisvalueinitbeingreferredtotheFirstInstanceChamberoftheTribunalasa
caseofabsenceofacknowledgmentoftruthandresponsibility.
s. Inordertoensuretheefficient,effectiveandpromptfunctioningofthejudicialcomponent,
thisJudicialPanelwillhavethewidestpowerstoorganiseitstasks,formworkingcommittees,
set priorities, combine similar cases and establish the sequence in which these will be
addressed,aswellas toadoptselectionanddecongestioncriteria.Whenexercisingthese
powers, it will take into account the need to avoid impunity for the most serious and
representativecrimeswhilealsopreventingtheTribunalfrombecomingoverloaded.
t. If,threemonthspriortosubmittingtheresolutionofconclusions,thePanelconsidersthata
person for whom there is clear and sufficient grounds to presume that their decisive
involvement in one of the acts listed in Item 40 should be included in the resolution of
conclusionsorreferredtotheInvestigationandProsecutionUnitbutsaidpersonhasrefused
tocomeforward,thePanelwillneedtoasktheReviewChamberoftheTribunaltorequire
saidpersontoappearbeforetheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
49.-TheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardonwillapplythisspeciallegaltreatmenttocrimes
eligibleforamnestyorpardon,bearinginmindtherecommendationsoftheJudicialPanelfor
Acknowledgement of Truth, Responsibility and Determination of Facts and Conduct.
Notwithstandingtheabove,theJudicialPanelwillfirstgrantanamnestyorpardontopersons
convictedofor investigated for crimeseligible foramnestyorpardon,automaticallyorupon
request,andalwaysinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheAmnestyLaw.Shouldtherequest
forpardonoramnestyrelatetoactsthatareineligibleforpardonoramnesty,theJudicialPanel
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forAmnestyandPardonwillreferthecasetotheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruth
andResponsibility.
Forthepurposesofgrantinganamnesty,itwillassesstheextenttowhichtheactionislinkedto
therebellionandotherpoliticalcrimes.
50.-TheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationswillhavethefollowingfunctions:
a. TodefinethejudicialstatusofallthoseaccessingthejudicialcomponentoftheCS,inrelation
totwoscenarios:personswhowillbeineligibleforamnestyorpardonandwhowillnotbe
includedintheresolutionofconclusions,andpersonswhodonotneedtobeheldtoaccount
beforetheTribunal,onaccountofbeingeligibleforamnestyorpardon,inwhichcasethe
matterwillbereferredtotheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon.
b. Todefinethetreatmenttobegiventorulingsimposedpreviouslybythejusticesystemwith
regardtopersonscoveredbythejudicialcomponent,inaccordancewiththerequirements
oftheCS-Item3.3oftheGeneralAgreement- includingtheextinctionofresponsibilities
wherethesanctionhasbeencompleted.Anypersonconvictedinajudgmentoftheordinary
courtsmayappearvoluntarilytoacknowledgethecomplete,detailedandexhaustivetruth
incaseswhichdonothavetobereferredtotheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardonor
remainwiththeJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruthandResponsibility.
c. Withtheaimofadministeringpromptandfulljustice,todeterminethepossibleprocedural
mechanisms for selecting and prioritising those caseswhere an acknowledgement of the
truthandresponsibilityisabsent.Whenadoptingitsdeterminations,thisJudicialPanelwill
assessthedecisionstakenbytheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementwithregardtofocusing
itsworkonthemostrepresentativecases,asestablishedinparagraphsl)andp)ofItem48
ofthisdocument.
d. Intheexerciseofitsfunctions,toassesstheextenttowhichtheconductisrelatedtothe
armedconflict.
e. Toadoptotherresolutionsnecessarytodefinethe judicialstatusof thosenotgrantedan
amnestyorpardon,andwhohavenotbeenincludedintheresolutionofconclusions.
f. Attherequestofthepersonunderinvestigation,todefinethejudicialstatusofthosewho,
withoutbelongingtoarebelorganisation,maybeunderinvestigationforconductthatfalls
withinthejurisdictionoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.ThePanelwilldecidewhetherit
isappropriatetoreferthistotheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardonortotheJudicial
Panel for Acknowledgement and Responsibility or, in order to define the judicial status,
whetheritisappropriatetowaiveexerciseofcriminalordisciplinaryaction,inthislastcase
alsoinrespectofnon-combatantcivilians,orapplyanyotherlegalmechanismaccordingto
thecase. Itwillalsodefine the judicial statusofany thirdpartieswhosubmit themselves
voluntarilytothejurisdictioninthe3yearsafteritcomesintooperationandwhoarebeing
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triedfororhavebeenconvictedofcrimesfallingwithinthe jurisdictionoftheSJP,where
thosepartieshavenotplayedadecisiveroleinthemostseriousorrepresentativecrimes.
Oncethejudicialstatushasbeenestablished, itwilladoptthenecessaryresolutions, interalia abandoning criminal proceedings or in some otherway terminating the proceedings
early, provided that they make an effective contribution to the measures of the CS, in
particular toclarifying the truth in thecontextof theSystem.The resolutiondefining the
judicialstatuswillbecomeresjudicata.
g. Inordertoensuretheefficient,effectiveandpromptfunctioningofthejudicialcomponent,
theJudicialPanelwillhavethewidestpowerstoorganiseitstasks,formworkingcommittees,
set priorities, combine similar cases and establish the sequence in which they will be
addressed,aswellas toadoptselectionanddecongestioncriteria.Whenexercisingthese
powers, it will take into account the need to avoid impunity for the most serious and
representativecrimeswhilealsopreventingtheTribunalfrombecomingoverloaded.
51.-TheInvestigationandProsecutionUnitwillberesponsibleforrealisingthevictims’rightto
justicewhenthereisnocollectiveorindividualacknowledgementofresponsibility.Itwillhave
thefollowingfunctions:
a. To investigate and, if necessary, prosecute through the Tribunal for Peace those persons
whose cases have been referred by the Judicial Panel for Acknowledgement and
Responsibility,theJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationsortheReviewChamber
oftheTribunalforPeace.
b. Todecideontheprotectionmeasuresapplicabletovictims,witnessesandother involved
parties.
c. Incasesofanabsenceofacknowledgementoftruthandresponsibility,torequestthatthe
FirstInstanceChamberoftheTribunalforPeaceadoptremandandprecautionarymeasures
toguaranteethegoodoutcomeoftheprocess.
d. Toorganiseitstasks,formworkingcommittees,setpriorities,gathertogethersimilarcases
andestablishthesequenceinwhichtheywillbehandled,aswellastosetcriteriaforselection
anddecongestion.Whenexercisingthesepowers,itwilltakeintoaccounttheneedtoavoid
impunityforthemostseriousandrepresentativecrimeswhilealsopreventingtheTribunal
frombecomingoverloaded.
e. When, by virtue of the decisions it has adopted, it considers that it is not necessary to
investigateorprosecuteacase,itmayreferittotheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegal
SituationsortheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon.
TheUnitwillhaveaninvestigativesupportteamchosenbytheUnitDirector;thisteamwill
workindependentlyandwithintegrity,underthedirectionoftheDirector.
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52.-TheTribunal forPeacewillhavedifferentchambers.Morespecifically, itwillhaveaFirst
InstanceChamber inCasesofAcknowledgementofTruthandResponsibility,whichwillhand
down rulings. It will have another First Instance Chamber in Cases of Absence of
AcknowledgementofTruthandResponsibility,wherecaseswillbeheardand rulingshanded
down, either acquitting or convicting the person. In this case, the corresponding ordinary or
alternativesanctionswillbeimposed.
ItwillhaveaReviewChamber,withthetaskofreviewingrulingshandeddownbythejustice
system, in accordance with the provisions of Item 58. At the request of the person being
sanctioned,itwillreceivecasesalreadyheardbyjurisdictionalbodiesorsanctionedbytheOffice
oftheInspectorGeneral(ProcuraduríaGeneralde laNación)ortheOfficeoftheComptroller
General(ContraloríaGeneraldelaNación),providedtheyarenotgoingtoformtheobjectofan
amnestyorpardon.Itwillexerciseanyotherfunctionexpresslyestablishedinthisdocument.
ItwillalsohaveanAppealsChambertodecideonobjectionstorulingspassedbyeitherofthe
FirstInstanceChambers.Itwillnotbepossibletoincreasethesentenceatthesecondinstance
whenthesoleappellantisthepersonsanctioned.
Theresolutionsofthepanelsandchambersofthejudicialcomponentmaybeinternallyappealed
before thePanel thatpassed themorappealedbefore theAppealsChamberof theTribunal,
solelyattherequestofthepersononwhomtheresolutionorrulingwashandeddown.
Shouldthesentencesofthechambersbeinviolationofthefundamentalrightsofavictimwith
a direct and legitimate interest, this latter may submit a request protection to the Appeals
Chamber,whichwillneedtoberesolvedwithin10days.
OncetheTribunalforPeacehasconcludeditstasks,theregulationsgoverningthejurisdiction
willestablishamechanismtoincorporateoneofitschambers,themaintaskofwhichwillthen
be to ensure the stability and efficacy of the resolutions and rulings passed by the judicial
componentoftheCS,aswellastheirfulfilment.
OncetheTribunalforPeacehasconcludeditswork,shouldjudicial,administrativeordisciplinary
resolutionsorrulingsbepassedthatinvolveaccusationsofconductfallingwithinthejurisdiction
ofthisSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,themechanismanticipatedintheaboveparagraphwillbe
re-established(shouldithaveceasedtoexist)and,oncetherelevanceandmeritofthestated
accusationshavebeenassessedbythisbody,theUnitforInvestigationandProsecutionand/or
the chambers or panelswhich in its opinionmay be required to process the alleged case in
accordancewiththeprovisionsofthegoverningregulationsoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace
will,ifnecessary,bere-established.Onceithasbeenassessed,ifitconsidersitunnecessaryto
re-establishtheInvestigationandProsecutionUnitand/orthechambersandpanels,itwillpass
a resolution defining the judicial status in question. If they have not attempted to evade its
jurisdiction,theChambernotedinthepreviousparagraphwillassesswhethertheaccusedmeets
therequirementsestablished inthesystemforaccessingtheanticipatedspecial treatment. If
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theyhave,thentheywillnothavetheoptiontoacknowledgetruthandresponsibilitybeforethe
Panel.
Paragraph:Actiontoenforceconstitutionalrights(accióndetutela)maybetakenagainstthe
actionsorommissionsofanybodiesoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacewhichhaveviolated,
violateorthreatenfundamentalrights.
Actionstoenforceconstitutionalrightsagainstcourtdecisions issuedbytheSJPshallonlybe
appropriateonaccountofamanifestlyunlawfulactorwheretheaffectonthefundamentalright
isadirectconsequenceofthedecision,onaccountofbeinginferredfromitsoperativepart,and,
allavenuesofappealwithintheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacehavingbeenexhausted,thereisno
suitable mechanism for defending the right which is violated or threatened. In the case of
violationsaffectingdueprocess,theactiontoenforceconstitutionalrightsmustbebroughtafter
theappropriateavenueofappealbeforethebodiesoftheSJPhasbeenexhausted.
ThepetitionforactionstoenforceconstitutionalrightsmustbefiledintheTribunalforPeace,
whichistheonlycourtcompetenttohearit.ItwillbedecidedinthefirstinstancebytheReview
Chamberand, in thesecond instance,by theAppealsChamber.The judgmentrelating to the
petitionmaybereviewedbytheConstitutionalCourtinaccordancewiththefollowingrules:
Thedecisionregardingtheselectionofthejudgmenttobereviewedinrelationtoenforcement
ofconstitutionalrightsshallbemadebyapanelcomprisingtwojusticesoftheConstitutional
Court, chosen by drawing lots, and two justices of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace. The
judgmentwillbeselectedifallfourjusticesvoteinfavourofitsselection.
ReviewjudgmentsshallbehandeddowninaplenarysessionoftheConstitutionalCourt.Ifthe
Courtfindsthattheinvokedrighthasbeenviolated,itwilldeclarethatfactandspecifythenature
oftheviolation,withoutoverturning,invalidatingorsettingasidethedecisionofthebodyofthe
Special Jurisdiction for Peace, or excluding the facts and conduct examined in the action to
enforce constitutional rights from the jurisdiction of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace. The
judgment shall be referred to the Tribunal for Peace for it to issue the appropriate decision
regardingtheprotectedright.Thedecision,rulingororderissuedbytheSJPbodyincompliance
withthejudgmentoftheConstitutionalCourtmaynotbethesubjectoffurtheractiontoenforce
constitutionalrights.
53.-TheFirstInstanceChamberoftheTribunalforPeaceinCasesofAcknowledgementofTruth
andResponsibilitywillhavethefollowingfunctions:
a. Toevaluatethelinksbetweentheacknowledgedconduct,thoseresponsibleforitandthe
sanctionsonthebasisoftheresolutionpassedbytheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementof
Truth, Responsibility and Determination of Facts and Conduct. It will verify whether the
resolutioncorrespondstothelegaldescriptionsofacknowledgedactsthatareineligiblefor
amnesty or pardon. Should it decide that there is no such correspondence, it will
communicatethisdecisiontothosewhomadetheacknowledgementsothattheycanbe
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heard,oncetheJudicialPanel forAcknowledgementofTruthandResponsibilityhasbeen
heard.Oncetheabovehavebeenheard,itsrulingwillbehandeddown.
b. Ifitisdecidedthatthereissuchacorrespondence,toimposetherespectivesanctionfrom
thelistofsanctions,bearinginmindtheproposedsanctionincludedintheresolutionofthe
JudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruthandResponsibility.
c. Tosettheconditionsandmethodsforimplementingthesanctionasestablishedinthelistof
sanctions,bearinginmindtheproposedsanctionincludedintheresolutionoftheJudicial
PanelforAcknowledgmentofTruthandResponsibility.
d. Tosuperviseandcertifyeffectivefulfilmentofitsruling,withthesupportofthemonitoring
and verification bodies and mechanisms of the comprehensive system designed for this
purpose,whichwillneedtosubmitregularcompliancereports.
54.- The First Instance Chamber of the Tribunal for Peace in Cases of Absence of
AcknowledgementofTruthandResponsibilitywillhavethefollowingfunctions:
a. Toprosecutepersonsand,whereappropriate, convictoracquit them.TheChambermay
orderthetrialtotakeplaceinapublichearingandinthepresenceofvictims’organisations.
b. Toimposeordinarysanctionsonthosewhodonotacknowledgetruthandresponsibility,if
theyareconvicted.
c. Ifatrialcommenceswithoutacknowledgementoftruthandresponsibility,andduringthat
trial,beforesentence ispassed, thedefendantacknowledges truthandresponsibility, the
alternativesanctionsgiveninthelistofsanctionswillbeimposed.Thesewillbeharsherthan
thoseimposedonpersonswhoacknowledgedtruthandresponsibilityinfrontoftheJudicial
PanelofAcknowledgement.
d. Whenadoptingdecisions,theTribunalwillendeavourtoplacetheconductinthecontextof
thearmedconflict.WithoutprejudicetotheauthorityoftheCouncilofStateinmattersof
monetary redress, it may impose symbolic reparatory obligations on the State or
organisations, respectingdueprocessandprovidedtheorganisationorStatedidnot take
effectivestepstopreventthepunishableconduct.Itmayalsoestablishguaranteesofnon-
recurrence, as has been the case in both national and international law, and always in
accordancewiththeprovisionsoftheFinalAgreement.
e. ToheartheaccusationssubmittedbytheInvestigationandProsecutionUnit.
f. At therequestof the InvestigationandProsecutionUnit, toadoptremandandprotective
measurestoensurethegoodoutcomeoftheprocess.
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g. When adopting decisions, the Tribunal may state that the conduct analysed meets the
requirementsforanamnestyorpardon, inwhichcase itwillreferthecasetotheJudicial
PanelforAmnestyandPardon;orconsiderthatthedefinitionofthejudicialstatusshouldbe
somethingotherthananacquittalorconviction,inwhichcaseitwillreferittotheJudicial
PanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations.
55.-ThefinalrulingspassedbytheTribunalforPeacewillbeimmediatelypassedtotheTruth,
CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommission.
56.-AllrulingsoftheTribunalforPeace,aswellastheresolutionsofthepanelsofthejudicial
componentthatdefinejudicialstatusandgrantamnestiesorpardonswillbecomeresjudicatawhentheyarefinalandtheirimmutabilitywillbeensured.Theserulingsmayonlybeinvalidated
orstruckdownbytheTribunalitselfonrestrictivegroundsexpresslysetoutintheregulations.
57.-Anydecisionadoptedbya jurisdictionalbodyorotherauthority that isaimedatstriking
downtheamnesty,pardonorothermeasureadoptedinthesystemwillneedtobesubmittedto
theTribunalforPeacesothatthisbodycanverifywhetherornotthedecisionisinviolationof
theprinciplesoftheCS.
58.-TheReviewChamberoftheTribunalforPeacewillhavethefollowingfunctions:
a. At the requestof the JudicialPanel forDeterminationof Legal Situations, theconvictions
imposedbythe justicesystemwillbereferredtotheReviewChamberoftheTribunal for
Peacesothat,iftheconditionsaremet,thislattercandecideonthecorrespondingsanction,
in accordance with the list of sanctions, and establish whether this has already been
effectivelyfulfilled,withoutprejudicetotherealisationoftherightsofvictimstoreparations
andnon-recurrence.Thisrulingmayneverincreasethesanctionpreviouslyimposedbythe
justicesystem.
b. Attherequestoftheconvictedperson,toreviewrulingspassedbythejusticesystem:on
accountofachangeinlegalclassificationundertheprovisionsofItem19;onaccountofthe
appearanceofnewfactswhichcouldnotbetakenintoaccountbeforehand;orwherenew
evidenceorevidencewhichwasnotknownaboutatthetimeoftheconvictionarises.Allof
the foregoing relates to acts committed during or because of the conflict, or the social
protest,providedthattheComprehensiveSystem’sconditionsaremet.
InnoeventshallthereviewbytheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceofdecisionsissuedbythe
justicesystemresultinthejudgeswhoissuedthosedecisionsbeingheldaccountableinany
wayasaresultoftheircontent.
The Supreme Court of Justice shall be competent to review decisions that it has issued.
ReviewoftheabovedecisionsbeforetheReviewChamberoftheSJPmayonlyberequested
for those convicted taking into account the definition of combatants according to
internationalhumanitarianlaw.
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c. Withregardtoconductandactsthatarecoveredbythejudicialcomponent’sproceduresand
regulations,attherequestofanyChamberorPanelandwhentherearedoubts,todetermine
whetherconductrelatedtofinancingwasapoliticallymotivatedcrimeornot,inaccordance
withthecriteriaestablishedintheAmnestyLaw.
d. Exceptionally,toreviewresolutionsorrulingsimposedbythejudicialcomponentwhenthere
isvalueindoingsoduetothereasonsestablishedintheimplementingregulationsofthe
judicialcomponentoftheCS,providedthatsuchareviewdoesnotworsenthesituationof
thesanctionedindividual.
e. To rule on requests made by the Judicial Panel for Acknowledgement of the Truth and
ResponsibilityaskingthatapersonbeorderedtoappearbeforetheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peace,anddecidingtheparticularbodybeforewhichtheywillneedtoappear.
f. To resolve conflicts of jurisdiction between Judicial Panels, and between Panels and the
Investigation and Prosecution Unit, or any other conflict or clash arising in the Special
Jurisdiction for Peace. This Chamber may only resolve said conflict or clash once the
PresidentsofthePanelsortheDirectoroftheUnitinquestionhavemettoseekanagreed
solutiontotheconflictorclasharisingandhavenotmanagedtoreachone.
g. Toexamineanddecideonanydecisionadoptedbyajurisdictionalbodyorotherauthority
aimedatstrikingdownanamnesty,pardonorothermeasureadoptedinthesystem,verifying
amongstotherthingswhetherornotthedecisionisinviolationoftheprinciplesoftheCS.
59.-WhenconsideringtheresponsibilityofmembersoftheFARC-EP,thelegalreferencepoints
to be used will be international humanitarian law, international human rights law and
internationalcriminallaw.ThejudicialcomponentoftheCSwill,whererelevant,bearinmind
the relevance of decisions taken by said organisation when analysing responsibilities. The
responsibilityofFARC-EPofficersfortheactionsoftheirsubordinateswillneedtobebasedon
effectivecontroloftherespectiveconduct,knowledgeof itbasedoninformationavailableto
theminadvanceof,duringandaftertheactionwascommitted,aswellasthemeanswithintheir
powertopreventitand,ithavingtakenplace,totakethecorrespondingdecisions.Command
responsibilitycannotbebasedexclusivelyonrankorhierarchy.
Effectivecontroloftheconductinquestionshallbeunderstoodtomeantherealpossibilitywhich
thesuperiorhadofexercisingappropriatecontroloverhisorhersubordinates,inrelationtothe
criminalbehaviouroccurring,aslaiddownininternationallaw.
60.-Thesanctionswillhavetheoverallaimofrealisingtherightsofvictimsandconsolidating
peace.Theywillneedtohavethegreatestrestorativeandreparativefunctioninrelationtothe
harm caused, and will always correspond to the degree of acknowledgement of truth and
responsibilitydemonstratedinfrontofthejudicialcomponentoftheCSthroughindividualor
collectivestatements.
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Withregardtocertainveryseriousoffences,theSJP’ssanctionstobeimposedonthosewho
acknowledgetruthandresponsibilitybeforetheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementwillbeofa
minimumdurationoffiveyearsandamaximumofeight,inaccordancewiththereparatoryand
restorativefunctionsofthesanction.ThemaximumtermofsanctionsimposedbytheSJP,taking
into account all sanctions imposed, including sentencing formultiple offences, shall be eight
years. Theywill include the necessary effective restrictions on freedoms and rights for their
implementation,suchasfreedomofresidencyandmovement,andtheywillalsoneedtogive
guaranteesofnon-recurrence.
Effectiverestrictionrequiressuitablemonitoringandsupervisionmechanismsinordertoensure
good faithcompliancewith the restrictionsorderedby theTribunal, so that this latter is ina
positiontoprovidetimelysupervisionofcompliance,andtocertifythatcompliance.TheSJPwill
establishtheconditionsforanyeffectiverestrictionoffreedomthatmaybenecessarytoensure
fulfilmentofthesanction,conditionswhichinnocaseshallbeunderstoodasjailorprison,nor
theadoptionofequivalentformsofdetention.
Thejusticesmustapplythefollowingcriteria:
a) Theymustspecificallyestablishtheterritorialareaswherethesanctionedindividualsareto
be located during the time periods inwhich sanctions imposed by the System are being
implemented and complied with, which shall have a maximum size equivalent to the
TransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation.
b) Theymustestablishthetimetablesforcompliancewithrestorativesanctions.
c) During the time periods in which the sanction is being implemented, any travel by the
sanctionedindividualtodealwithmattersotherthancomplyingwiththesanctionmustbe
authorisedbytheFirstInstanceChamberoftheTribunalforPeace.
d) Thejudgmentshalldeterminetheplaceofresidenceoftheindividualwhoistobesubjectto
thesanction,foraslongasthesanctionistobeimplemented.
e) If, during the termof the sanction, the sanctioned individual is ordered to carry out any
activity, the Tribunal shall determine the different places of residence of the sanctioned
individualonacase-by-casebasis.
f) Compliancewiththesesanctionsmustbecompatiblewiththesanctionedinvidualscarrying
outothertasksorcomplyingwithotherobligationsarisingfromtheFinalPeaceAgreement.
g) Theymustinformthebodywhichverifiescompliancewiththesanctionsregardinghowoften
itmustreportontheimplementationofthesanction.
IncasesofacknowledgementoftruthandresponsibilitybeforetheJudicialPanel,therestrictions
ontheaboverightsandfreedomswillbelessthanincasesofacknowledgementoftruthand
responsibilitybeforetheTribunalorcaseswherethereisanabsenceofacknowledgement.
Thealternativesanctionsforveryseriousoffencestobe imposedonthosewhoacknowledge
truth and responsibility before the First Instance Chamber, prior to the ruling, will be of an
essentiallyretributivenatureinvolvingdeprivationof libertyforbetweenfiveandeightyears.
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Themaximumtermofalternativesanctions,takingintoaccountallsanctionsimposed,including
sentencingformultipleoffences,shallbeeightyears.
Intheabovesituations,theimplementingregulationswilldeterminetheprecisesentencingand
thecasesinwhichsanctionsoflessthanfiveyearswillapplytothosewhodidnotplayadecisive
roleinthemostseriousandrepresentativeconduct,despitebeinginvolvedinit.Inthiscase,the
minimumsanctionwillbe twoyearsand themaximumfive, taking intoaccountall sanctions
imposed,includingsentencingformultipleoffences.
The ordinary sanctions to be imposed when there is no acknowledgement of truth and
responsibilitywillperformthefunctionsprovidedforincriminallegislation,withoutprejudiceto
the fact that reductions in the deprivation of libertymay be obtained, provided the person
convictedundertakestocontributetotheirsocialrehabilitationthroughwork,trainingorstudy
duringthetimetheyaredeprivedoftheirliberty.Inanycase,theactualdeprivationofliberty
willbenolessthan15yearsandnomorethan20.Themaximumtermofordinarysanctions,
takingintoaccountallsanctionsimposed,includingsentencingformultipleoffences,shallbe20
years.
Theso-calledalternativeandordinarysanctionswillincludeeffectivedeprivationoflibertysuch
asjailorprisonand/oranyotherformofdetention.
Intermsofimplementingthesanctions,inthecaseofagentsofthestate,therelevantprison
jurisdictionshallapplyaccordingtowhethertheyareciviliansormembersoftheColombianState
Armed Forces (which include both the Military Forces and the National Police), subject to
monitoringbythesystemitself.SanctionsimposedbytheSystemandapplicabletostateagents
shallbedecidedbythestate,respectingeverythingalreadyestablishedintheSJPwithregardto
itsown,alternativeandordinarysanctions.
AsregardsthemembersofanorganisationsigningapeaceagreementwiththeGovernment,the
periodoftimeforwhichtheyremaininTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)shall
beregarded,whereapplicable,astimespentcomplyingwiththesanction,providedthatduring
thattimeperiodtheyhavecarriedouttasks,workoractivitieswithareparativecontent.Atthe
endoftheperiodforwhichtheyremainintheTLZNs,thetasks,workoractivitieswithreparative
contentcarriedoutbyindividualsatthedisposaloftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceshallalso
beregardedastimespentcomplyingwithanysanctionwhichmaybeimposedonthem,provided
thatthosetasks,workoractivitiesarecarriedoutinaperfectlydefinedandverifiableterritorial
location.VerificationofeverythingsetoutinthisparagraphshallbecarriedoutbytheExecutive
SecretaryoftheSJP,whomayrequesttheassistanceoftheOfficeoftheUnitedNationsHigh
Commissioner forHumanRights inColombia,and,oncetheSpecial JurisdictionforPeacehas
beenestablished,bytheTribunalforPeace.
61.-Theresolutionsandrulingsimposedinaccordancewiththespecialregulationsofthejudicial
componentoftheCSwillclearlystatethecontentofthesanction,theplaceofimplementation
ofthesanction,andtheconditionsandeffectsofsanctionsforcrimesineligibleforanamnesty.
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62.-TheinternationalmechanismsupportingtheTribunalforPeaceinverifyingcompliancewith
thesanctionsprovided for in Item53d) shallbea specific componentof theUnitedNations
politicalmission forverification,whichwill come intooperationonce theworkof theUnited
Nationsmission taskedwith verifying thebilateral anddefinitive ceasefirehas concluded. To
fulfill this task, it will work in coordination with the Office of the United Nations High
CommissionerforHumanRightsinColombia.
TheplacesinwhichthesanctionswillbeimplementedshallalsobesubjecttotheSystem’sown
monitoring,aswellasasystemofsecurityandvigilancethatwillguaranteethelifeandphysical
integrityofthosesanctioned.
Movements in order to undertake activities that are in compliancewith the sanctionwill be
monitored by the above mechanism, which shall also grant the relevant authorisations for
movementswhicharenotrelatedtocompliancewiththesanction,wheneverthosemovements
arenot expressly authorised in the judgment,withoutprejudice to the authority of the First
InstanceChamberoftheTribunalforPeace.
63.-Personswho,withoutformingpartoftheorganisationsorarmedgroups,havecontributed
directlyorindirectlytocrimescommittedinthecontextoftheconflictwillbeabletousethe
mechanismsofthejusticesystem,withoutprejudicetotheprovisionsofItems32,48t)and58
e)ofthisdocument,andtoreceivewhateverspecialtreatmenttheregulationsmaydetermine,
providedtheymeettheconditionsestablishedoncontributingtotruth, reparationsandnon-
recurrence.
64.-TheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationswillbeabletoapplymechanismsto
terminate proceedings, with a view to extinguishing criminal liability, when this relates to
contextslinkedtoexercisingtherightofprotestorinternaldisturbance.Thestateauthorities,
social organisations, unions, human rights organisations and processes that formpart of the
Rural,EthnicandPopularSummit(CumbreAgraria,ÉtnicayPopular)willpresentinformationto
thePanelwhenitrelatestothefollowingcrimes:conspiracy,obstructionofthepublichighway,
release of hazardous substances, violence against public servants, disruption of the public
transportsystem,damagetothird-partyproperty,personalinjuryandothercrimescommitted
inthecontextofthePublicSafetyLaw.
65.-TheTribunalforPeaceshallbemadeupofColombianJusticiesinchamberswith5members.
Exceptionally,attherequestoftheindividualssubjecttoitsjurisdictionorexofficio,thechamber
whichisgoingtohearthecasemayrequesttheparticipation,asamicicuriae,ofupto2foreignjuristsofrecognisedstanding.TwentysittingColombianJusticesaswellasfourforeignjurists
mustbechosen.The roleof the latter shallbe solely toprovideanopinionoramicus curiaeregarding the subjectmatter of the case under consideration, in order to obtain aspects of
opinionorinformationrelevanttothecase.Whentheparticipationofforeignjuristsisrequired,
theyshallparticipateinthedebatesofthechamberinwhichtheirparticipationisrequired,under
thesameconditionsastheJustices,butwithouthavingtherighttovote.
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Alltheseindividualswillneedtobehighlyqualifiedandtheymustincludeexpertsindifferent
areas of law,with a focus on knowledge of international humanitarian law, human rights or
conflictresolution.TheTribunalwillneedtobeformedaccordingtocriteriaofequalparticipation
bymenandwomenandrespectforethnicandculturaldiversity,andmemberswillbeelected
throughaselectionprocessthatreassuresColombiansocietyanditsdifferentsectors.
To be elected as a Justice of the Tribunal for Peace, a person will need to meet the same
requirementsasaJusticeoftheConstitutionalCourt,theSupremeCourtofJusticeortheState
CouncilofColombia.Undernocircumstancesshallacareerstructurebeapplied.
Theremayalsobeanadditionalnumberofupto3reserveJusticesperchamber,availabletothe
TribunalshouldtheirparticipationberequiredinordertoactassubstitutesforthesittingJustices
ortosupporttheoperationofthosechambers, intheopinionofthegoverningbodiesofthe
SpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
Thegroundsforlegalhindrancelaiddowninarticle56ofLaw906of2004,oranysuchlegislation
asreplacesisitinthefuture,shallapplytoJusticesoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
66.-EachJudicialPanelwillcompriseaminimumofsixhighlyqualifiedColombianJusticesand
will need to include experts from different areas of law, with a focus on knowledge of
internationalhumanitarianlaw,humanrightsorconflictresolution.Theywillneedtobeformed
accordingtocriteriaofequalparticipationbymenandwomenandrespectforethnicandcultural
diversity,andmemberswillbeelected througha selectionprocess that reassuresColombian
societyanditsdifferentsectors.
Exceptionally,attherequestoftheindividualssubjecttoitsjurisdictionorexofficio,theJudicialPanelwhichisgoingtohearthecasemayrequesttheparticipation,asamicicuriae,ofupto2foreign jurists of recognised standing, to provide an opinion or amicus curiae regarding thesubject matter of the case under consideration, in order to obtain aspects of opinion or
informationrelevanttothecase.Whentheparticipationofforeignjuristsisrequired,theyshall
participateinthedebatesofthePanelinwhichtheirparticipationisrequired,underthesame
conditionsastheJustices,butwithouthavingtherighttovote.
Theremayalsobeanadditionalnumberofupto3reserve Justicesavailable toeachJudicial
Panel,shouldtheirparticipationberequiredinordertoactassubstitutesforthesittingJustices
ortosupporttheoperationofthosePanels,intheopinionofthegoverningbodiesoftheSpecial
JurisdictionforPeace.
TobeelectedaJusticeonaJudicialPanel,individualswillneedtomeetthesamerequirements
asJusticesofthehigherdistrictcourts(TribunalSuperior).Undernocircumstancesshallacareer
structurebeapplied.
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Panel Justices and Justices making up the Tribunal for Peace shall be subject to the same
disciplinaryrulesasthoseestablishedbyColombianlawforthejudiciary.Decisionsrelatingto
disciplinarymeasures,aswellastheirapplicationandverification,shallbetheresponsibilityofa
committeemadeupofaJusticefromeachPanelandaJusticefromeachchamberoftheTribunal
for Peace, chosen according to the regulations on the functioning and organisation of the
Jurisdiction,inanyeventwithouttheparticipationoftheJusticeaffectedbytherequestforthe
applicationofthedisciplinaryrules.
Panel Justices and Justicesmaking up the Tribunal for Peace shall be subject to the special
criminalrulesestablishedbyColombianlawforJusticesoftheSupremeCourtofJustice,except
asregardsthecontentoftheirdecisions.
67.- The Investigation and Prosecution Unit will be formed of a sufficient number of legal
professionalswhoarehighlyqualifiedininvestigationandprosecution,andwillneedtoinclude
expertsfromdifferentareasoflaw,withafocusonknowledgeofinternationalhumanitarianlaw
orhumanrights.Itwillneedtohaveatechnicalforensicinvestigationteamthatwillbeableto
draw on international support, particularly in the area of exhumations and identifying the
remainsofmissingpersons.Itwillbeformedaccordingtocriteriaofequalparticipationbymen
andwomenandrespectforethnicandculturaldiversity,andmemberswillbeelectedthrougha
selectionprocessthatreassuresColombiansocietyanditsdifferentsectors.
TheUnitwillhaveaspecialinvestigationteamforcasesofsexualviolence.Specialprovisionson
handlingevidencewillbeestablishedforactsofsexualviolence,asgivenintheRomeStatute.
TheUnitmaycallonothercompetentstatebodiesorhumanrightsandvictims’organisationsto
provideinformationwithregardtoeventsforwhichithasinsufficientinformation.Inthecontext
ofitsfunctionsandpowers,itmayrequestsuchassistanceasitdeemsnecessaryfromtheOffice
of the Attorney General (Fiscalía General de la Nación) and also enter into cooperationagreementswiththatbody.
68.- The parties will establish, by mutual agreement and prior to the signing of the Final
Agreement,thecriteriaandmechanismsforselectingandappointingtheJusticesofthePanels
andChambers,theforeignjuriststoactasamicicuriae,themembersoftheInvestigationand
ProsecutionUnitandtheExecutiveSecretariat;theabovemaynotbeelectedbythepartiesto
theNegotiationTable.TheselectionmechanismestablishedwillappointaninitialPresidentof
theSpecial JurisdictionforPeace,aDirectorofthe InvestigationandProsecutionUnitandan
ExecutiveSecretary,bearinginmindtheregulationsofthisjurisdiction,thetermsfortheabove
postsandtheprocedureforelectingsuccessivePresidents,DirectorsandSecretaries.
69.-TheJusticesoftheJudicialPanelsandoftheTribunalforPeaceandtheprosecutorsofthe
InvestigationandProsecutionUnitwillbeabletoaccessdocumentsandinvestigativesourcesas
established in the Colombian laws which, at all times, regulate access to documents and
investigativesourcesforjustices,judgesandprosecutorsoftheRepublic.TheExecutiveSecretary
of the Special Jurisdiction for Peacemay take early interimmeasures before the Panels and
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ChambersofthisJurisdictioncomeintooperation,inordertopreservedocumentsrelatedtothe
conflictheldinpublicorprivatearchives,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofColombianlaw.
70.-ThestatewillneedtoestablishthejudicialcomponentoftheCSassoonaspossibleafter
signingtheFinalAgreement.ThePanelsandtheInvestigationandProsecutionUnitwillneedto
beginfunctioningnolaterthanthreemonthsaftertheentryintoforceoftheFinalAgreement,
unlessthis latterestablishesanearlierdate.Nomorethanonemonthmaypassbetweenthe
commencementofthejudicialpanelsandthecommencementofthechambers.
71.- TheCSwill envisage thenecessaryguarantees fornon-recurrence.The statemust, inall
cases, guarantee thenon-recurrenceof crimes committedwith regard to thePatrioticUnion
(UniónPatriótica)politicalparty.
72.-Extraditionmaynotbegrantednordetentionmeasurestakenwiththeaimofextradition
with regard to events or conduct covered by this system, caused by or occurring during the
internalarmedconflictorbecauseofitupuntilitstermination,whetheritrelatestocrimesthat
are eligible or ineligible for amnesty, and particularly not for political crimes, the crime of
rebellionorpoliticallymotivatedcrimes,whethercommittedinsideoroutsideColombia.
This non-extradition guarantee covers all members of the FARC-EP and persons accused of
formingpartofthisorganisation,inrelationtoanyconducttakingplacebeforethesigningofthe
FinalAgreement,forthosepeoplepresentingthemselvesbeforetheCS.
When it is alleged,with regard to amemberof the FARC-EPor apersonaccusedof being a
memberof thatorganisation, that theconduct stated in the request forextraditionoccurred
afterthesigningoftheFinalAgreement,thentheReviewChamberoftheTribunalforPeacewill
evaluatetheconductstatedinordertodeterminetheprecisedateonwhichittookplaceand
decidetheappropriateprocedure.Intheeventthattheconductoccurredpriortothesigningof
theFinalAgreement,itwillbereferredtotheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementasregardsits
jurisdiction,inthiscasealwaysexcludingextradition.IfitoccurredafterthesigningoftheFinal
Agreement, it will be referred to the competent judicial authority for investigation and
prosecutioninColombia,withoutexcludingthepossibilityofextradition.
For conduct committed prior to the signing of the Final Agreement only, when there is an
extraditionrequestinvolvingrelatives,uptotheseconddegreeofconsanguinityorfirstdegree
bymarriage,ofmembersoftheFARC-EPorapersonaccusedofornotedinanextraditionrequest
ofbeingamemberofthatorganisation,thissituationmaybesubmittedtotheReviewChamber
oftheTribunalforPeacetodecidewhethertherequestinvolveseventsorconductrelatedto
saidmembership,orallegedmembership,oftheFARC-EPonthepartoftherelativeoftheperson
whoseextraditionisbeingcalledfor.Shouldthisbethecase,becauseitrelatestoanaccusation
orindictmentofconductthathasneverbeforebeentheobjectofanextraditionrequestand
doesnotmeettheconditionsforthis,theChamberwillbeabletorefusetheextraditionand,in
thiscase,decidewhethertheactionorconductisthejurisdictionoftheCSorwhetheritneeds
tobe investigatedorprosecutedthroughColombia’sordinarycriminal jurisdiction.Theabove
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situationwillneedtobesubmittedtotheReviewChamberforanyoftheformermembersofthe
FARC-EPthathavesignedtheFinalPeaceAgreement.
TheSJPwillneedtoresolveissuesraisedwithregardtoextraditionwithinaperiodofnomore
than120days,exceptinjustifiedcasesthatdependonthecooperationofotherinstitutions.
TheFinalPeaceAgreementwillestablishadditionalmeasurestoguaranteeandprovideforthe
above,aswellastopreventotherswhoareofferingtruthtotheCSfrombeingextraditedbefore
theyhavefinisheddoingso.
73.- The state will need to consult with the indigenous peoples regarding the form and
opportunity inwhichthedecisionsadoptedor tobeadoptedby their respective jurisdictions
regarding conduct covered by this judicial component can be transferred to this latter’s
jurisdiction.Thiswillbeunlessthereispriorandexpressacceptanceofthejurisdictionofthe
judicialcomponentoftheCS.
74.-TheCSwillneed toemphasiseanend to impunity through itswork.Outside theSpecial
JurisdictionforPeace,judicialmechanismswillbecreatedasdeterminedbytheparties,including
for example a unit to investigate and dismantle criminal organisations, including criminal
organisationsconsideredsuccessorstoparamilitarism,andtheirsupportnetworksreferredtoin
Item3.4of theGeneralAgreementof26August2012. Thesewill be createdaspromptly as
possibleand,inallcases,priortothesigningoftheFinalAgreement.
Inaddition, theGovernmentwill initiateeffectivestrategiesand instrumentstocontributeto
clarifyingthephenomenonofparamilitarism,asfollows:inthecontextoftheagreementonthe
Truth,CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommission,itwillpromotemeasurestoguaranteethe
participationofformermembersofparamilitarygroupsintheCommission,asacontributionto
clarifying the phenomenon of paramilitarism; in turn, the National Government will take
measurestoimproveclarificationofthephenomenonintheJusticeandPeace(JusticiayPaz)processes and Law 1424 of 2010. The National Government will also put in place other
instrumentswiththeaimofclarifyingthisphenomenon.
Inallcases,theSpecialJurisdictionforPeacewillbeabletoautonomouslyestablishcooperation
mechanisms and protocols for accessing information that exists in the justice administration
bodiesoftheJusticeandPeaceprocessesandLaw1424of2010.
75.-AlloperatorsinthejudicialcomponentoftheCSwillneedtointerprettherelevantrulesand
taketheirdecisionsinlinewiththeguidingprinciplethatpeace,asarightthatisthebasisofall
otherrights,isanecessaryconditionfortheexerciseandenjoymentofallotherrights.
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LISTOFSANCTIONS.
ThislistsetsoutthesanctionstheTribunalforPeacemayimpose.
InaccordancewiththedocumentontheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,particularlynumbers60
to63thereof,thislistofsanctionshasbeendrawnupinlightofthefollowing:
1. thedegreeoftruthexpressedbythepersonconcerned;
2. thegravityofthesanctionedact;
3. thelevelofparticipationandresponsibility;thecircumstancesforgreaterorlessercriminal
liablity,and
4. undertakingsastoreparationstovictimsandguaranteesofnon-recurrence.
Activitiesorworkcarriedoutfromthemomentofadoptionoftheagreementon"Unexploded
ordnance,explosiveremnantsofwarandanti-personnelmineclearanceanddecontamination"
on a personal and direct basis by any individual fallingwithin the jurisdiction of the Special
JurisdictionforPeaceshall,attherequestoftheinterestedparty,beconsideredbytheJudicial
Panel for Acknowledgement of Truth and Responsibility and the Tribunal for Peace when
sanctionsareimposedupontheapplicant,providedthefollowingrequirementsaremet:
1. Theactivitycarriedouthasprovidedreparationsorredresstovictimsorhashadarestorative
impact;
2. Itsimplementationhasbeenrecognisedbytheverificationmechanismsagreedbytheparties
foreachactivityorworkorbytheverificationmechanismsagreedbythepartiesinItem6.1
oftheGeneralAgreementof26August2012regardingcompliancewiththeconditionsofthe
CS;
3. Ttiscompatiblewiththelistofsanctions.
Therearethreetypesofsanction:
I.-Sanctionsapplicabletopersonswhoacknowledgeexhaustive,completeanddetailedtruth
beforetheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruthandResponsibility:
Thespecialsanctionsofthesystem,assetoutinItem60,shallfocusonredressandreparations,
aswell as restrictionson freedomsand rights, suchas freedomof residenceandmovement,
whicharerequiredfor its implementation.Thepersonspenalisedshallprovideguaranteesof
non-recurrence.
Thislistsetsoutthespecialsanctionsconcerningcompliancewiththeagreementsreached,interalia,inChapters1.ComprehensiveRuralReform,2.PoliticalParticipationand4.Solutiontothe
IllicitDrugsProblemoftheAgendaofTalks.Sanctionsrelatingtoharmorinjurycausedtominors,
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womenandotheraffectedpartiesarealso included,bearing inmindtheneed for the fullest
possiblereparationsandredresstovictimsofthearmedconflict.
Sanctionsmay be applied during a pre-established period or while awaiting results, such as
completionoftheconstructionofparticularinfrastructure,withoutprejudicetothedurationof
thesanctionimposedbytheTribunalwhereapplicable.
PersonsappearingbeforetheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruthandResponsibility
maysubmitadetailedindividualorcollectiveprojectforworkoractivitiesprovidingreparations
andredress.Suchprojectswillsetouttheobligations,objectives,phases,timetables,placesof
implementation and the persons who are to carry them out and their place of residence.
Sanctions imposed by the Tribunal will pre-establish where the persons who will carry the
projectsoutaretolive.Suchplaceswillhavedignifiedandappropriatelivingconditions.
Projectsmustestablishamechanismfordiscussionwithrepresentativesofvictimswholivein
the area of implementation in order to hear their opinion and to ensure that they are not
opposedtotheproject.ThediscussionmechanismmustbeapprovedbytheJudicialPaneland
shallbecarriedoutunderitssupervision.Ifthevictimsconsideritappropriate,theymaymake
the Tribunal aware of their opinion on the proposed programme. The Tribunal shall be
completelyindependentintakingdecisionsconcerningsuchprojects.
Projectsmusthavebeenapproved in advanceby the Judicial Panel forAcknowledgementof
Truth and Responsibility andmust have been drawn up by the Judicial Panel if the persons
appearingdonotpresentthem.
Intheeventofcollectiveacknowledgement,theorganisationsorbodiestowhichthepersons
appearing belong will be responsible for ensuring proper execution and fulfilment of the
sanction, without prejudice to the function to be attributed to a national or international
monitoringmechanismagreedbytheparties.
The First Instance Chamber in Cases of Acknowledgment of Truth and Responsibility shall
determinetheeffectiveexecutionofthesanction.
WithrespecttotheFARC-EP,sanctionswillbeexecutedinaccordancewithagreementsonthe
layingdownofarmsandreincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivilianlife.
The projectmay include, inter alia, thework or activities set out below,whichmust not be
incompatiblewithrelevantstatepublicpolicies,providedtheyareconsistentwiththeethnicand
culturaltraditionsandcustomsofthecommunities:
A.-Inruralareas.
1. Participation in/implementation of effective reparation programmes for displaced rural
people.
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2. Participationin/implementationofenvironmentalprotectionprogrammesforForestReserve
Areas.
3. Participation in/implementationof infrastructurebuildingand repairprogrammes in rural
areas:schools,roads,healthcentres,housing,communitycentres,municipalinfrastructure,
etc.
4. Participationin/implementationofruraldevelopmentprogrammes.
5. Participationin/implementationofwastedisposalprogrammeswherenecessary.
6. Participationin/implementationofprogrammestoimproveelectrificationandconnectivity
incommunicationsinagriculturalareas.
7. Participationin/implementationofprogrammestosubstitutecropsusedforillicitpurposes.
8. Participationin/implementationofenvironmentalrecoveryprogrammesforareasaffected
bycropsusedforillicitpurposes.
9. Participationin/implementationofprogrammestobuildandimprovetheroadinfrastructure
requiredtomarketagriculturalproductsfromillicitcropsubstitutionareas.
B.-Inurbanareas.
1. Participationin/implementationofprogrammestobuildandrepairinfrastructureinurban
areas: schools, public roads, health centres, housing, community centres, municipal
infrastructure,etc.
2. Participationin/implementationofurbandevelopmentprogrammes.
3. Participation in/implementationofdrinkingwateraccessprogrammesandconstructionof
waste-watertreatmentnetworksandsystems.
C.- Clearance and disposal of explosive remnants of war, unexploded ordnance and anti-
personnelminesfromareasofnationalterritoryaffectedbysuchitems.
1. Participationin/implementationofprogrammestoclearanddisposeofexplosiveremnants
ofwarandunexplodedordnance.
2. Participationin/implementationofprogrammestoclearanddisposeofanti-personnelmines
andimprovisedexplosivedevices.
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II.-Sanctionsapplicabletopersonswhoacknowledgetruthandresponsibilityforthefirsttime
inadversarialproceedingsbeforetheFirstInstanceChamberoftheTribunalforPeacepriorto
deliveryofjudgment.
Alternativesanctionsforveryseriousacts imposeduponpersonswhoacknowledgetruthand
responsibilitybeforetheprosecutingchamberpriortodeliveryofjudgmentshallconsistof5to
8years’imprisonment.
1. IfthepersonhasappearedafterthechargewasfiledwiththeInvestigationandProsecution
Unitwhentheacknowledgementoftruthandresponsibilityhasbeenexhaustive,complete
anddetailed,theTribunalshallassessthereasonswhythepersonconcerneddidnotpresent
themselves to the Judicial Panel for Acknowledgement of Truth and Responsibility at an
earlier opportunity. The sanction to be imposedmay be adjusted if such an omission is
deemedtobefullyjustified.
2. WheretheTribunalforPeaceconsidersthattheacknowledgementoftruthandresponsibility
set out before it has not been exhaustive, complete and/or detailed, it shall apply for
alternativesanctionsinaccordancewiththeproceduresetoutbelow.
ThecompetentChamberoftheTribunalforPeaceshallestablishtheappropriatesanctionfor
thecrimes,conductoroffencescommittedinaccordancewiththerulesoftheColombianPenal
Code.
ThecompetentChamberoftheTribunalforPeacewillthenimposeanalternativepenaltyofa
minimumoffive(5)andamaximumofeight(8)years’imprisonment,adjustedaccordingtothe
gravityofthecrimesandthedegreeofacknowledgementoftruthandresponsibilityandtheir
effectivecooperationinclarifyingtherespectivefacts.
Tobeeligibleforthealternativepenalty,thepersonconcernedmustundertaketocontributeto
their reincorporation into society by means of work, training or study during their term of
imprisonment,andshallwhereappropriateengageinactivitiesensuringnon-recurrence.
Whenthealternativesanctionandconditionsimposedinthejudgmenthavebeencompleted,
theywillbereleased.
Innoevent shall substitutepenalties,additionalbenefitsor supplementary reductions to the
alternativesanctionbeapplied.
III.- Sanctions applicable to persons who do not acknowledge truth and responsibility in
adversarialproceedingsbeforetheFirstInstanceChamberoftheTribunalforPeacewhoare
foundguiltybythelatter.
The ordinary sanctions to be imposed when there is no acknowledgement of truth and
responsibility shall fulfil the functions provided for in the Colombian Criminal Code, without
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prejudicetotheobtainingofremission,providedtheconvictedpersonundertakestocontribute
to their reincorporation intosocietybymeansofwork, trainingorstudyduring their termof
imprisonment.Theeffectiveimprisonmentshallinnoeventbelessthan15years,ormorethan
20yearsincasesofseriousoffencesorviolations.
Convicted persons may be given substitute penalties or additional benefits provided they
undertaketocontributetotheirreincorporationintosocietybymeansofwork,trainingorstudy
duringtheir termof imprisonmentandtoengage inactivitiesensuringnon-recurrenceof the
harmorinjurycausedoncetheyarereleased.
Whenthesanctionimposedinthejudgmenthasbeenserved,theywillbereleasedonprobation
if theyhaveundertakentoengage inactivitiesensuringnon-recurrenceoftheharmor injury
causedupontheirreleaseandthiswasareasonforgrantingareductioninthedurationofthe
penaltyimposed.Theperiodofreleaseonprobationwillexpireandthesentencewillbedeemed
tohavebeenservedwhenit isverifiedthatactivitiesensuringnon-recurrenceoftheharmor
injurycausedhavebeencarriedoutandinanyeventoncompletionofthetermofimprisonment
imposedbytheTribunalforPeace.
AGREEMENTTODEVELOPITEM23OFTHE“AGREEMENTTOCREATEASPECIALJURISDICTION
FORPEACE”OF15DECEMBER2015
Ontheirentry intoforce,theamnestyrulesshallcoverthereleasefromprisonofallpersons
indicatedinthefirstparagraphofItem23ofthe“AgreementtocreateaSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peace”(SJP)of15December2015–rebelswhoaremembersoforganisationswhichhavesigned
a final peace agreement and persons who have been accused or convicted of political or
politicallymotivated crimes through decisions delivered by the courts – and shall define the
authoritythatwilldeterminetheirrelease.Formerdetaineesshalldeclarethattheywillsubmit
totheauthorityandremainatthedisposaloftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceonconditional
releasedecidedbytheSJPinaccordancewiththeconditionslaiddownintheComprehensive
SystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence(CS)andverifiedbytheSJPwhenit
comesintooperation.
Should the person have been accused of or sentenced for crimes which are not subject to
amnesty,theprecedingparagraphshallbeappliedinrelationtotheirreleasefromprisonand
submissionto theSJP toappearbefore the JudicialPanel forAcknowledgementofTruthand
Responsibility,theJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardonortheReviewChamber,oruntilthe
SJPimposesthecorrespondingsanctions,whereapplicable,andtheyshallremainatthedisposal
oftheSJPunderthefollowingconditions:
a. IftheSJPhasbeguntooperate,fromthetimeitcomesintooperationasprovidedforinthe
followingpointthedecisiontorelease,thetransferandthesupervisionofthespecialSJP
controlandguaranteemeasuredeterminedbythelatterwithrespecttoformerdetainees
willbedeterminedbytheReviewChamberof theTribunal forPeaceandenforced in the
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sameplaceswherereincorporationintocivilianlifeoccurs,asagreedforothermembersof
theFARC-EP,orinotherplacesofresidenceproposedbyformerdetainees.
b. IftheSJPhasnotbeguntooperate,theauthoritydeterminingtheAmnestyLawwilldecide
onthereleasefromprisonandonthespecialSJPcontrolandguaranteemeasuresandwill
provideforthespecialSJPverificationmechanismagreedbythepartiesunderItem6ofthe
GeneralAgreementofAugust2012toensurethatsuchpersonsareatthedisposaloftheSJP
in thesameplaceswhere reincorporation intocivilian lifeoccurs,asagreed for theother
membersoftheFARC-EP,orinotherplacesthatmaybeproposedbyformerdetaineesonce
theauthorityhasgivenitsapproval.Theforegoingasawholewillbeconfirmedbythesame
specialSJPverificationmechanismagreedbythepartiesundertheaforesaidItem6ofthe
GeneralAgreementofAugust2012.TheauthorityormechanismestablishedintheAmnesty
Lawwillberesponsibleforthetransferofformerdetaineestotheplacesinwhichtheywill
remainatthedisposaloftheSJP.Attheirownchoiceandoncethecompetentauthorityhas
givenitsapproval,formerdetaineeswillgototheirplaceofresidence,totheplaceswhere
reincorporationintocivilianlifeofmembersoftheFARC-EPistooccurortoanyotherplace
proposedtothemechanismorauthoritycompetenttodecidethereupon.Bothmembersof
the FARC-EP and persons who do not acknowledge that they are members of that
organisation shall remain under the supervision of the above-mentioned verification
mechanismdeterminedbythepartiesuntiltheSJPcomesintooperation.
Personsaccusedoforsentencedforcrimeswhicharenotsubjecttoamnesty,membersofthe
FARC-EPwhoarereleasedorpersonswhoarereleasedwhodonotacknowledgethattheyare
membersoftheFARC-EPshallremainonreleaseatthedisposaloftheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peace.
WhentheSJPhasbeguntooperate,allpersonswhohavebeenreleasedorformerdetaineeswill
appearbeforethatbodytoallowtheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon,theJudicialPanel
forAcknowledgementofTruthandResponsibility,theJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegal
Situations,theReviewChamberoftheTribunalforPeaceoranyothercompetentchamberto
resolve their situation. Their liberation or release from prison will not mean that they are
dischargedfromtheirresponsibilitiesuntiltheSJPresolvestheindividualsituationofeachperson
ineachcase.
Thefollowingpersonsshallalsobereleased:thoseconvictedorinvestigatedforviolentrioting,
blocking public roads, throwing dangerous substances, using violence against public officials,
disruptingthepublictransportservice,damagingthird-partyproperty,causingpersonalinjuries
orcommittingothercrimeswithintheframeworkoftheLawonPublicOrder,incasesrelatingto
theexerciseof the right toprotestor internaldisturbances,whoexpress theirwillingness to
submittotheauthorityoftheSJPandtoappearbeforetheJudicialPanelforDeterminationof
Legal Situations to call for theapplicationofmechanisms to stayproceedingswitha view to
dischargingtheirresponsibility,allaslaiddowninItem64oftheAgreementtocreatetheSJP.In
that event they shall also remain under the supervision of the SJP when it has come into
operationoroftheverificationmechanismdeterminedbythepartiesassetoutabovewhenthe
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SJPhasnotyetbeguntooperate.TheSJPshalldefinethesituationofconditionalrelease,the
schemegoverningthelatterandthesupervisionofsuchsituationsbytheSJPuntilthesituation
isresolvedbytheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationsortheappropriateJudicial
PanelorChamberoftheSJP.
Inalltheabovecasesandinaccordancewiththeprincipleofapplicationofthemostfavourable
lawgoverningtheSJP,thevariousauthoritieswhicharerequiredtotaketheabove-mentioned
decisionsshalltakeintoaccountperiodsofimprisonmentservedbyformerdetaineesunderthe
sanctionsthatmaybeimposedbytheSJP.
5.1.3. Reparations:comprehensivereparationmeasuresforpeacebuilding
5.1.3.1.Actsofearlyacknowledgmentofcollectiveresponsibility
Tocontributetorealisingvictims’rights,markasymbolicnewbeginningandcreateafavourable
environmentforpeacebuildinginthecontextoftheendoftheconflict,theGovernmentandthe
FARC-EP have agreed that in developing this Agreement following the signature of the Final
Agreement,theNationalGovernmentwillassoonaspossiblesupportactsofacknowledgement
andcontritioninwhichtheGovernment,theFARC-EPanddifferentsectorsofsocietythatmay
havebornesomeresponsibilityintheconflictacknowledgetheircollectiveresponsibilityforthe
harmorinjurycausedandapologise,eachpartyassumingtheirresponsibilityasanexpressionof
theirwillingnesstocontributetowardsadefinitiveNeverAgain.Suchactionwillnotprejudice
voluntaryactsofacknowledgementofindividualresponsibilitythatmaytakeplaceinthisinitial
period.
Collectiveactswillbe formal,publicandsolemnandwillbecarriedoutatbothnationaland
regional level. The National Episcopal Conference (Conferencia Nacional Episcopal) willcoordinatetheseactswiththesupportofInter-churchDialogueforPeace(DiálogoIntereclesialporlaPaz,DIPAZ)andotherchurches,indiscussionwithvictims’andhumanrightsorganisations,
amongothers.Thecoordinatorsmustensurethattheactsmeettheexpectationsbothofvictims
andofcommunities,avoid re-victimisation,empowervictimsandhelp to lay the foundations
underpinningcoexistenceandnon-recurrencetobedevelopedbytheTruth,Coexistenceand
Non-RecurrenceCommission.
In addition to acknowledgement of responsibility and a public apology, these actsmay also
includeundertakingstotakespecificactiontocontributetowardsensuringfullreparationsto
victims, coexistence and guarantees of non-recurrence, and to contribute in general to the
peacebuildingprocess.
The foregoing will not prejudice the possibility of acts of acknowledgement of collective
responsibilitywhichtheGovernment,theFARC-EPoranyothersectorofsocietydecidetotake
priortosignatureoftheFinalAgreement.
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5.1.3.2. Concretecontributionstoreparations
Inthecontextoftheendoftheconflict,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPhaveagreed
thattheNationalGovernmentwillpromoteandputintooperationthemeasuresnecessaryto
ensurethatanypersonswhocausedharmorinjuryduringtheconflictandwhoexpresstheir
willingnessandcommitmenttocontributedirectlytosatisfyingvictimsandcommunitiesmaydo
so by taking part in specific reparation acts. Thiswill result from early acknowledgement of
responsibility, where applicable, in coordination with collective territorial-based reparation
programmeswherenecessary.
Under the Comprehensive System for Truth, Justice, Reparations and Non-Recurrence, all
personswhohavecausedharmor injuryduringtheconflictshallhelptomaketherespective
reparations.Suchcontributionswillbetakenintoaccountifanyspecialjudicialtreatmentisto
begranted.
UndertheComprehensiveSystem,theNationalGovernmentwilltakethenecessaryactionsto
promotetheparticipationinvariousreparationmeasuresofstateagentsandotherswhoplayed
adirectrole intheconflictwhomayhavecausedharmor injuryasaconsequenceofserious
breachesofinternationalhumanitarianlaworseriousandgrosshumanrightsviolations,andof
anyonewhomayhavebornesomeresponsibilitybecauseoftheirindirectparticipationinthe
conflict.
TheNationalGovernmentwillalsoadoptmeasurestopromoteand,whereapplicable,toensure
thatcollectivereparationmeasuresaretakenbythevariousstatebodiesthatmayhavebeen
responsibleforharmorinjurycausedduringtheconflict.
TheFARC-EParecommittedtoreincorporationintocivilianlifeandtotakingactionaspartof
thatprocesstohelptoredresstheharmorinjurycaused.Suchactionmayinclude, interalia,participatingininfrastructurerebuildingworkintheareasmostaffectedbytheconflictandin
programmestoclearsuchareasofanti-personnelmines (APM), improvisedexplosivedevices
(IED), unexploded ordnance (UXO) or explosive remnants of war (ERW), participating in
programmestosubstitutecropsusedforillicitpurposes,contributingtothesearchfor,location,
identificationanddignifiedreturnofremainsofdeceasedpersonsorpersonsdeemedmissingin
the context of and due to the armed conflict, and participating in programmes to repair
environmentaldamage,e.g.reforestation.
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPinviteanyonewhomayhavetakenpartdirectlyor
indirectly in theconflictandwhomayhavecausedharmor injuryat thetimetotakepart in
specificactstoensurereparationsunderthecomprehensivesystem.
5.1.3.3. Collectivereparationsattheendoftheconflict
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Inthecontextoftheendoftheconflict,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP,haveagreed
thattheNationalGovernmentwillstrengthencollectivereparationprocessesandensurethat
comprehensiveruralreformplansandprogrammeswillbereparations-basedwhereapplicable.
5.1.3.3.1. Reparations-basedapproachofDevelopmentProgrammeswithaTerritorial-Based
Focus(DPTFs)
Theaimofafocusonthelevelofvictimisationanditsimpactasacriteriondefiningareaswhere
theDPTFswillbeputintoeffectistoprovideredress.Theirimplementationwillaccordinglyseek
toprovideredressforvictimsandcommunities.
5.1.3.3.2. Collectivereparationplanswithaterritorial-basedfocus
Inordertoacknowledgetheharmorinjurycausedtocommunitiesbytheconflictandtohelp
transformtheirlivingconditionssothattheycanrebuildtheirplansinthecontextoftheendof
the conflict, the National Governmentwill strengthen collective reparation processeswith a
territorial-basedfocusinaccordancewiththisAgreement.
Tothatend,allDPTFswillincludecollectivereparationplans,whileinareaswheretheseplans
arenotput intoeffect,plans forcommunitieswhichhavebeenparticularlyvictimisedwillbe
strengthened,prioritisingcommunityinitiatives.
Inbothcasessuchcollectivereparationplanswithaterritorial-basedfocusmustincorporatethe
followingaspects:
• Materialandsymbolicmeasurestoaddressharm:Measuresaimedatdirectindividualand
collective victims, such as acts to dignify, commemorate and pay homage to them,
infrastructurebuildingandcommemorativearchitecture.
• Coexistence and reconciliationmeasures:Measures to address the damage done to the
social fabric and to promote coexistence within communities, including victims, former
members of paramilitary organisations, members of the FARC-EP in the process of
reincorporation intosocietyandthirdpartieswhomayhaveparticipated intheconflict in
some way, as well as measures to build and strengthen confidence between the public
authoritiesandcommunities.
• Coordination:Collectivereparationplansmustbecoordinated,whereapplicable,withthe
DPTFS,thevariousplansandprogrammesagreedandthedifferenteffortstoachievetruth
andjustice.
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• Actionplans:Acollectivereparationactionplanwillbedrawnupbymeansofparticipation.
Theseplansshallinclude:i)adiagnosisofthecollectiveharmorinjury;ii)identificationofthe
materialandsymbolicmeasurestobeprioritised;andiii)thetimetableforimplementation.
• Participationmechanisms:Theactiveparticipationofvictimsandtheirorganisationswith
the regional authorities will form the basis for the collective reparation plans with a
territorial-basedfocus.Forumsforparticipationwillbecreatedtothatendtodefinepriorities
in implementing the collective reparationmeasures, ensuring community participation in
their implementation and establishing project follow-up and oversight mechanisms. The
participationofwomeninthisapproachwillbeensured.
• Measures to contribute to reparations: Where applicable, collective action plans shall
involvetheparticipationofanyonewhomayhavecausedharmorinjuryduringtheconflict
indevelopingspecificactscontributingtothereparationsreferredtointhisAgreement.
5.1.3.3.3. Nationalcollectivereparationplans
In the context of the end of the conflict, the National Government will strengthen national
collectivereparationplansindevelopingthisAgreement.Theseplanswillbegender-basedand
willbeaimedatcommunitiesconsisting,interalia,ofgroupsandorganisationssuchaswomen's
and trade organisations, unions, human rights organisations, political and social parties and
movements,particularlythoseoftheopposition,andorganisationsofthereligioussector,with
aviewtoacknowledgingthespecialnatureoftheirvictimisation,recoveringtheiridentityand
theirorganisationalpotentialandrebuildingtheirabilitytohaveanimpactonthedevelopment
of local and national policies within a legal framework. These plansmust also contribute to
coexistence,guaranteesofnon-recurrenceandreconciliation.
Inthecontextoftheseplans,stresswillbelaidonacknowledgingtheresponsibilityofthestate,
theFARC-EP,paramilitariesandanyothergroup,organisationorinstitutionthatcausedharmor
injuryduringtheconflict.
TheColombiangovernmentandtheFARC-EPagreethattheNationalGovernment,togetherwith
the Patriotic Union (Unión Patriótica) political party will seek an amicable outcome to the
litigationcurrentlypendingintheInter-AmericanCommissiononHumanRightsconcerningthe
UniónPatrióticapoliticalparty.
Accordingly,theColombianGovernmentundertakestodevelopaSpecialReparationsPlanand
tomake the adjustments and carryout the reformsnecessary to ensure theparticipationof
victims, considered individually and collectively, and the provision of guarantees of non-
recurrence.
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5.1.3.4. Psychosocialrehabilitation
5.1.3.4.1. Emotionalrecoverymeasuresatindividuallevel
Inordertoaddressandhelptoalleviatethesufferingofvictimsinthecontextoftheendofthe
conflict, the National Government and the FARC-EP have agreed that in developing this
agreementtheNationalGovernmentwillundertaketobroadenthepubliccoverageandregional
scopeandimprovethequalityofpsychosocialcaretoensuretheemotionalrecoveryofvictims
inaccordancewiththespecificharmorinjurytheyhavesuffered,includingtheparticularimpact
of sexual violence. To do this the number of local centres providing care for victimswill be
increasedandmobilestrategiestoreachthemostisolatedplaceswillbepromoted.
InfulfillingtheagreementsreachedtheNationalGovernmentwillalsoimproveaccesstomental
healthservicesforvictimswhorequirethem.
5.1.3.4.2. Psychosocialrehabilitationplanforcoexistenceandnon-recurrence
Within the framework of the collective reparation plans and bearing local reconciliation
initiatives in mind, in developing this Agreement the National Government undertakes to
increasethecoverageandraisethequalityofcommunityrehabilitationstrategiestorebuildthe
social fabric. These strategies will be developed throughmedium and long-term community
processeswhosekeyaimsaretogeneratefutureprojectsforlivingtogether,buildconfidence
amongcitizensandinstitutionsandachievepeacefulcoexistencewithincommunities,including
victims,formermembersofparamilitaryorganisationsandformermembersoftheFARC-EPwho
are in the process of reincorporation into society, as well as third parties who may have
participatedintheconflictinsomeway.Thestrategieswillbeequity-andgender-basedandwill
involvethefollowingcomponents:
• Creationofspacesforcommunitydialogueandcollectivemourningallowingexpressionsof
individualandcollectivesuffering.
• Rediscovery and generationof social, cultural, artistic, recreational and sporting activities
associatedtoexchangesbetweencitizensandcoexistenceincommunities.
• Boostingoflocalinitiativesfocusingonreconciliation,dignityandacknowledgement.
• Reflectionon collective attitudes regarding future life projects allowing reparations tobe
transformativeandpeacefulcoexistencetobefostered.
• Creation of learning environments to strengthen the social rejection of violations and
infringementsthattookplaceinthepast,leadingtochangesintheattitudeswhichallowed
themorjustifiedthem.
• Rediscoveryofsocialpracticesabandonedasaresultoftheconflict.
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• Promotionofagreementsforpeacefulcoexistencewithincommunities,whichincludevictims
andpersonswhomayhaveparticipateddirectlyorindirectlyintheconflict,andconfidence-
buildingbetweenthepublicauthoritiesandcommunities.
• Strategies for rebuilding family ties affected as a result of the conflict which, respecting
religious, ethnic and cultural differences andapplying theprincipleofnon-discrimination,
seek tohelpvictims to recover theirenvironmentand theirbondsofaffection, solidarity,
respectandsupport.
Psychosocialrehabilitationstrategiesforcoexistencewillbecoordinatedwithandsupportedby
theworkoftheTruth,CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommissionwhenitisinoperation.
5.1.3.5. Collective processes of return of displaced persons and reparations of victims
abroad
In developing this Agreement and in the context of the end of the conflict, the National
Governmentwillintroducespecificcollectiveterritorial-andgender-basedprogrammestoreturn
andrelocatedisplacedpersonsontheonehand,andaccompaniedandassistedreturnplansfor
victimsabroadontheother.Thecoordinationofsuchplanswillbestrengthenedatterritorial
levelbyotheraspectsoftheVictimReparationPolicy,particularlycollectivereparationandland
restitutionprogrammes,andbyimplementationoftheagreement"TowardsaNewColombian
Countryside:ComprehensiveRuralReform",whereapplicable.
Measureswillbetakenaccordinglytoguaranteecollectiveorindividualreturnsandrelocations
in conditions of safety anddignity according to a voluntary approach involving the following
elements:
• Identification of territories: return and relocation planswill prioritise areas inwhich the
DPTFs are implemented and other territories in which collective reparation plans are
developedandwillbecoordinatedwithlandrestitutionprocesses.
• Interinstitutional coordination: return and relocation plans will be coordinated, where
applicable, with the various plans and programmes agreed, particularly the DPTFS, rural
housingandwaterplans,measurestoprovideaccesstoland,incomegeneration,boostingof
thesmall-scalefarmereconomyandprogrammestoclearanddecontaminateareasofAPM,
IED,UXOorERW,andwithlandrestitutionprocesses.
• Security in territories for return: in areas inwhich return and relocationplans are to be
prioritised,theGovernmentwillsetupthesecuritymeasuresnecessarytoguaranteelifeand
personalintegrityincommunities,whichwillalwaysparticipateinthisprocess.
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• Strengtheningofcommunityadvocates:TheGovernmentwilltakethenecessarymeasures
to strengthen the community advocates (defensores comunitarios) programme, and in
particular their functions of protection and promotion of human rights, so that they can
effectively monitor the processes of land restitution, return and relocation of displaced
persons and victims abroad, including refugees and exiles, which form part of these
processes, and can support and assist the victims in order to guarantee access to the
institutionalservicesofferedwithregardtorealisationoftheirrights.
Theimplementationoftheseprocessesofreturnsandrelocationswillrequirethecooperation
ofspecialisedandinterdisciplinaryteams,capableofensuringtheparticipatoryprocessanduse
oflocalresources.
Withregardtothelargenumberofvictimswhohadtoleavethecountryasaconsequenceof
differenthumanrightsviolationsandbreachesofinternationalhumanitarianlaw(IHL)duringthe
conflict, the National Government, in fulfilment of this Agreement, will strengthen the
programme of recognition and reparation of victims abroad, including refugees and exiles
victimised during the conflict, by means of the implementation of “supported and assisted
return”plans.Theassistedreturnwillconsistofpromotingconditionstofacilitatetheirreturnto
the country and the construction of their life project, including decent reception conditions
through the coordination of these plans with the specific institutional services offered, to
progressively guarantee access to basic rights, decent employment, housing, health and
educationatalllevelsaccordingtoeachperson’sindividualneeds.Prioritywillbegiventotheir
relocationtotheplacestheyhadtoleave,respectingthewishesofthevictim.TheGovernment
will adopt the necessary measures to coordinate these plans, where appropriate, with the
differentplansandprogrammesagreed,inparticulartheDPTFs.
Allthisiswithoutprejudicetothedifferentmeasuresthat,inanend-of-conflictscenario,have
tobeadoptedtodriveforwardandpromotethereturnofexilesandotherColombianswholeft
thecountrybecauseoftheconflict.
5.1.3.6. Landrestitutionmeasures
In order to strengthen and invigorate the processes of land restitution in an end-of-conflict
scenario,aswellasguaranteeingcoordinationbetweentheprocessesoflandrestitutionandthe
processes of collective reparation, the development programmes with a territorial-based
approachaswellas theotherplansandprogrammesarising fromthe implementationof the
FinalAgreement,wehaveagreedthat:
In an end-of-conflict scenario, in order to strengthen and invigorate the processes of land
restitution, we have agreed that the coordination of these and the processes of collective
reparation,thedevelopmentprogrammeswithaterritorial-basedapproachandtheplansand
programmesarisingfromtheimplementationoftheFinalAgreement,willbeguaranteed,and
alsothat:
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• The political application of land restitution will, inter alia, meet the technical criteria of
historicaldensityofthedispossessionandtheconditionsforthereturn,takingintoaccount
the recommendations, including those concerning territorial prioritisation, made by the
victims’ organisations and experts on the subject. The territorial-based entities must
participateactivelyintheimplementationofthelandrestitutionpolicyandcontributefrom
thetimeofdrawinguptheirterritorialdevelopmentplanstothecomprehensivecareforthe
population benefiting from the processes of restitution, including investment in
infrastructureworksandpublicservices.
• The population benefiting from the processes of restitution will receive technical and
financial support for the reconstruction of their life projects and strategies for income
generation, strategies for substitution of crops used for illicit purposes, strategies for
recoveryandreconstructionofthesocial fabric;strengtheningoforganisationalprocesses
andconstructionofthehistoricalmemoryforreconciliation.
• The information resulting from the entries in the register of dispossesed and forcibly
abandonedlandandthesubsequentrulingsorderinglandrestitution,willbeincludedinthe
UniqueRegisterofVictims(RegistroÚnicodeVíctimas)forpurposesofharmonisationofthe
recordsandaccesstothedifferentreparationmeasures.
5.1.3.7. Participatory adaptation and strengthening of the Policy of caring for and
comprehensivereparationofvictims,inthecontextoftheendoftheconflictand
contributiontomaterialreparationforthevictims
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPagreethatinthecontextoftheendoftheconflictit
isnecessarytostrengthenthePolicyofcaringforandcomprehensivereparationofvictims,to
adaptittotheneedsandopportunitiesofthisnewcontext,andtoensurethat itcontributes
effectivelytocoexistence,guaranteesofnon-recurrenceandreconciliation.
For this, theNational Governmentwill set inmotion an effective processwith the broadest
possibleparticipationofvictimsandtheirorganisations,promotingspacesforthediscussionof
theirproposalswiththecompetentauthorities.Thisprocesswillbecarriedoutintheframework
oftheexistingforumsforvictimparticipation,whichwillbeexpandeduponandstrengthened
for this purpose, so that victims’ organisations and victims not involved in these forums can
participateinthisprocess.
Inordertoimplementthis,aneventwithbroad-basedparticipationwillbeannouncedandheld
withvictims’organisationsandvictimsincludingthosethatarenotinvolvedintheseforumsfor
participation. Invitations will be issued to academic experts, specialised organisations and
organisationsofhumanrightsadvocates.
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Asaconsequenceofthisprocessofparticipationanddiscussionoftheproposalsofthevictims
and their organisations, the Government will set in motion the necessary adjustments and
reformsofregulationsandpolicyinorderto:adaptthePolicytothatagreedinthesub-itemon
reparations;guaranteecoordinationwiththeimplementationoftheplansandprogrammesat
localandinter-institutionallevelresultingfromthesigningoftheFinalAgreement;overcomethe
difficultiesandtakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesaffordedbytheendoftheconflict;andmake
theadjustmentstotheprioritiesofdeliveryofresources,totheplansforachievementofgoals,
andtothecriteriaofpopulation-andterritorial-basedprioritisationfortheirexecution.
The process of strengthening and adaptation of the Policy of caring for and comprehensive
reparationof victimswill seek to guarantee greater levels of territorial-based coverage in its
implementation.
Theprocessfortheadaptationandparticipatorystrengtheningofthepolicyofcaringforand
comprehensivereparationofvictimswillbeoverseenbytheexistingforumsforparticipationof
victims, at local and national level. For this purpose these forums will be expanded and
strengthened by means of the participation of other victims and victims’ organisations and
humanrightsorganisations.
Inaddition,inthecontextoftheendoftheconflict,theGovernmentundertakestoimplement
thefollowingagreedmeasures:
• Toconstructanindividualandcollectivevictimisationmap,whichwillserveasasourceof
informationandaninstrumentforacknowledgementandmemoryofactscommittedduring
the conflict that are not within the realm of victims registered in the Programme of
ComprehensiveReparationforVictims,incoordinationwiththeTruth,CoexistenceandNon-
RecurrenceCommissionandtheUnitfortheSearchforPersonsdeemedasMissinginthe
contextofandduetotheconflictandwiththeSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
• Torecognisethedirectandindirectvictimsofserioushumanrightsviolationsorbreachesof
IHLwhohavealsobeencombatants.ThereparationmeasuresformembersoftheFARC-EP
whohavebeenvictimswillbediscussedintheitemoftheAgendarelatingtotheprocessof
reincorporation.Inparallel,theNationalGovernmentwillstrengthenthemeasuresofcaring
forandreparationofthemembersoftheColombianStateArmedForces(whichincludeboth
theMilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice)whowerevictimsofseriousviolationsofhuman
rightsorbreachesofIHL.
• TotakeallthenecessarymeasuresforthefullandeffectivefinancingofthePolicyofcaring
forandcomprehensivereparationofvictims,includingthestrengtheningoftheReparation
FundfortheVictimsofViolence, theexpansionof itssourcesof fundingandof thefund-
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raising mechanisms, as well as the promotion of the mechanisms of participation and
oversight as a device for victims’ control over the Fund. The state will contribute, in a
subsidiarymanner,tothereparationofvictimswhentheindividualswhocausedtheinjury,
loss or damage in the context of the conflict do not have sufficient resources to provide
reparationforthem.
For its part, within the context of the end of the conflict andwithin the parameters of the
ComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence,theFARC-EP,asan
insurgentorganisationthatactedinthecontextoftherebellion,undertakestocontributetothe
materialreparationofthevictimsandingeneraltotheircomprehensivereparation,onthebasis
ofthefactsidentifiedbytheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
DuringthetimethattheFARC-EPremainintheTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)
intheprocessoflayingdownarms,authorisedrepresentativesofthatorganisationshallagree,
withrepresentativesoftheNationalGovernment,theproceduresandprotocolsformakingan
inventoryofallkindsofpropertyandassetsincludedinwhathasbeenreferredtoasresources
for war and for reporting on them, all in accordance with the provisions of section 3.1.1.3
“Provision of information” of the Agreement on the Bilateral and Definitive Ceasefire and
CessationofHostilitiesandLayingdownofArms.
InaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisAgreement,theFARC-EPshallmakematerialreparation
tothevictims,usingtheabove-mentionedpropertyandassetsandwithintheframeworkofthe
comprehensivereparationmeasures, followingthecriteriaestablishedbythecase lawof the
ConstitutionalCourtwithregardtowarresources.
Once the process of laying down arms has concluded, any property and assets forwhich an
inventoryhasnotbeenmadeshallbedealtwithinaccordancewithordinarylegislation.
Thetermsandproceduresforthatmaterialreparationshallbespecifiedwithintheframework
of the Commission forMonitoring, Promoting and Verifying the Implementation of the Final
Agreement.
In any case, the approval and implementation of the foregoing measures cannot involve
limitation,annulmentorrestrictionofthevictims’rightscurrentlyacquired.
5.1.4. Guaranteesofnon-recurrence
TheprimaryobjectiveofthedifferentmechanismsandmeasuresoftheComprehensiveSystem
forTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-RecurrenceagreedbytheNationalGovernmentandthe
FARC-EPistocontributetothepreventionandguaranteeofnon-recurrenceoftheviolationsand
oftheconflictitself,indifferentways.
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TheComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrencecontributesto
guaranteeingnon-recurrence, inthefirstplace,bymeansof therecognitionof thevictimsas
citizenswhohaveseentheirrightsviolated.Themeasuresforreparationsandthemeasuresin
respectoftruthandjustice,inparticulartheattributionofresponsibilitiesandtheimpositionof
sanctions on the part of the Tribunal for Peace of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace, must
contributetothispurpose.
Secondly,bymeansoftherecognitionofwhathasoccurredinthecontextoftheconflictandof
theclarificationandrejectionoftheseriousviolationsofhumanrightsandseriousbreachesof
internationalhumanitarian law, includingthosethathavebeenhistorically lessvisiblesuchas
those committed against women, children and adolescents, as well as the rejection of the
violenceagainstcollectives,socialandtradeunionmovements,andpoliticalparties,especially
theoppositionpartiesthatwereseverelyvictimised,inorderforittobeasharedaimofsociety
thatthiswillneverhappenagain.
TheNationalGovernmentwilltakeallthemeasures,includingthosestipulatedinthisagreement
andanyothersthatarenecessary,toensurethatnopartyorpoliticalmovementinColombiais
evervictimisedagainandthatwhathappenedwiththePatrioticUnion(UniónPatriótica)partywillneverhappenagain.
Thefollowingitemsmustallcontribute,inordertorecognise,clarifyandencouragetherejection
ofwhatoccurred:thefinalreportandtherecommendationsoftheTruth,CoexistenceandNon-
RecurrenceCommission;theresultsoftheUnitfortheSearchforPersonsdeemedasMissingin
thecontextandduetotheconflict;theacknowledgementsofresponsibility;thejudicialtruth
and the decisions made by the Special Jurisdiction for Peace; and also the measures for
reparations,includingthemeasuresforcollectivereparations.
Thirdly, by means of the fight against impunity, contributed to especially by the Special
JurisdictionforPeaceandalsothemeasuresofclarificationof thetruthandreparations.The
accountabilityforwhathappened,onthebasisoftheimplementationofthesemeasures,must
contribute to the prevention of and dissuasion from committing new violations, and it is a
fundamentalguaranteeofthenon-recurrenceoftheviolationsandbreachesandofthedefinitive
terminationoftheviolencethatthecountryhassufferedduetotheconflict.
In order to fulfil this purpose, judicial mechanisms will also be created, outside the Special
JurisdictionforPeace,suchasaunitforinvestigationanddismantlingofcriminalorganisations,
includingthecriminalorganisationsthathavebeendeemedassuccessorsofparamilitarism,and
theirsupportnetworks,referredtoinItem3.4oftheAgendafortheGeneralAgreement.
Andfourthly,bymeansofthepromotionofcoexistenceonthebasisoftheacknowledgements
of responsibility made in the framework of the Truth, Coexistence and Non-Recurrence
Commission,oftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceandofthemeasuresforreparations.Insofaras
theseacknowledgementsarealsooftherulesandrightsbreachedandconstitutecommitments
tonon-recurrence,theycontributetothestrengtheningoftrustbetweencitizensandconfidence
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intherulesthatguaranteethevalidityandrespectofthoserights.Thusthebasesareestablished
forcoexistence,whichinturnisthefoundationforreconciliationandthebuildingofastableand
long-lastingpeace.
Furthermore,theprimaryobjectiveoftheComprehensiveSystem,andofeverythingagreedin
respect of victims, to contribute to non-recurrence, essentially requires fulfilment and
implementationofthatagreedinthecontextofItem3oftheAgendaoftheGeneralAgreement
“EndoftheConflict”,whichmustguaranteethedefinitiveendtothearmedconflict,aswellas
theimplementationofeverythingagreedinrespectofhumanrights,withavisionofterritorial-
baseddevelopmentandimplementation.
The guarantees of non-recurrence of the conflict also require the implementation of all the
agreementsreachedhere,whichintheopinionoftheGovernmentcontributetoreversingthe
effectsof the conflict and to changing the conditions thathave facilitated thepersistenceof
violence in the country; andwhich in theopinionof theFARC-EP contribute to resolving the
historical causes of the conflict. To that extent they are a fundamental guarantee of non-
recurrence.
Theguaranteeofrights,includingeconomic,social,culturalandenvironmentalrights,oftherural
population by means of the implementation of the Comprehensive Rural Reform which
contributestotheirwell-beingandqualityoflife;thestrengtheningoftheexerciseofpolitical
rights, the promotion of a democratic culture and of human rights and guarantees for
reconciliation, coexistence, tolerance and non-stigmatisation, and the guarantees for
mobilisationandsocialprotest,bymeansoftheimplementationofaDemocraticOpportunityto
Build Peace; the measures to protect and guarantee the rights of the population living in
territoriesaffectedbygrowingofcropsusedforillicitpurposesandtocontributetoovercoming
the conditions of poverty, marginalisation and weak institutional presence by means of the
implementationof theprogrammesandmeasuresagreed for theSolution to the IllicitDrugs
Problemandtheeffectivejudicialcontrolofthecriminalorganisationsandnetworksassociated
withnationalandregionaldrugtrafficking;andthemeasuresagreedinChapter5“Victims”and
inChapter3“EndofConflict”,correspondabovealltoalogicofnon-recurrenceoftheconflict
and a guarantee of human rights for all. The Government reiterates its commitment to the
implementationoftheseagreements.
In conclusion, the guarantees of non-recurrencewill be the result, on the one hand, of the
coordinatedimplementationofalltheforegoingmeasuresandmechanisms,aswellasingeneral
ofalltheitemsoftheFinalAgreement;and,ontheotherhand,oftheimplementationofthe
additionalmeasures of non-recurrence that are agreed in the framework of Item 3 “End of
Conflict”oftheAgendaoftheGeneralAgreement.
5.2. Commitmenttothepromotion,respectandguaranteeofhumanrights
IntheGeneralAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeace,signedbytheGovernmentandtheFARC-EPon26August2012,itisspecificallystipulatedthat“respect
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for human rights in all corners of the national territory, is an aim of the state thatmust be
promoted.”
TheNationalGovernment,representingtheColombianstate,reiteratesitscommitmenttothe
protectionofhumanrightsandof thosewhoareworking for thiscause. It is thedutyof the
Colombianstatetopromote,protect,respectandguaranteehumanrights,includingeconomic,
social, cultural and environmental rights, with an equity-based and gender-based approach,
following the principles of equality and progressivity, and to guarantee the right to peace,
especiallyintheterritoriesmostaffectedbytheconflict.
Foritspart,theFARC-EPreiteratesitsunrestrictedcommitmenttohumanrightsandundertakes
toensurethatbothitsmembersandtheorganisationthatemergesfromitstransitiontolegal
politicallifewillpromoteandrespecttheindividualfreedomsandthehumanrightsofall,aswell
aspeacefulcoexistenceacrossthecountry.
TheAgreementasawholemustcontributetobuildingasharedvisionoftheneedforrespectof
all human rights. The statewill work to guarantee full realisation of these in terms of their
universality, comprehensiveness, indivisibility and interdependence, as abasis for justice and
materialisationoftherecognitionofhumandignity.
Inthenewscenarioofpeacebuildinganddemocraticopportunity,citizenparticipationandthe
exercise of rights will not just be items on a list, but will contribute to the realisation of
everybody’srights.
AnotheraimistoensurethatallColombiansareawareoftherightsofallotherColombians,and
thatwearecommittedtorespectingthemandtothepromotionofrelationsofsocialharmony
andcoexistence,onthebasisoftoleranceandrespectfordifferences,especiallydifferencesof
thinking,includingcriticalthinking,inorderthustoestablishthebasesforreconciliation,non-
recurrence,andpeacebuilding.
The commitment to respect and promotion of human rights in the process of reconciliation
pursued as part of the achievement of peace, involves the recognition of the need tomove
forwardwithpublicpoliciesofpromotionofapolitical,democraticandparticipatorycultureof
respectforhumanrights.Suchcommitmentalsoimpliesrespectforculturalandethnicdiversity.
Theendof theconflictconstitutesthebestopportunitytorealisetherightsof thevictimsto
truth,justice,reparationsandnon-recurrence,andingeneraltoensurethefullrealisationofthe
human rightsofall, including thoseofwomen, children,adolescents, youthsand theelderly,
personswithdisabilities,indigenouspeoples,ruralcommunities,membersofchurches,religious
faiths,faith-basedandreligiousorganisations,theAfro-Colombian,black,palenqueroandraizalcommunities, the LGBTI community, human rights advocates, trade unionists, journalists,
farmers, ranchers, traders and businessmen and businesswomen; which also implies the
adoptionofmeasuresofaffirmativeaction,toguaranteefullytherightsofthoseindividualswho
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havebeenmostaffectedbytheconflict.Peaceasafundamentalrightofallcitizensisanecessary
conditionfortheexerciseandenjoymentofallotherrights.
Theend-of-conflictscenariowillmakeitpossibletoguaranteethecultureoflegality,freedebate
ofideas,theeffectiveparticipationofcitizensandtheirorganisationsinthetakingofdecisions,
respectforpeoplewhothinkdifferentlyandfortheexerciseofopposition,thedeepeningofthe
cultureofhumanrights,protectionofculturaldiversityandautonomy,thepromotionofpeaceful
conflict resolution, the strengthening of access to justice in conditions of equality, social
inclusion,thewell-beingandqualityoflifeofthepopulation,socialjustice,theovercomingof
poverty,protectionoftheenvironmentandaterritorial-basedapproachintheimplementation
ofpublicpolicies.
Inthecontextoftherespectandpromotionofhumanrights,thecommitmentisreiteratedto
realisetherightsinthisareacontainedinthePoliticalConstitutionof1991,theCovenantoncivil
and political rights, the Covenant on economic, social and cultural rights, and the other
internationaltreatiesonhumanrightsratifiedbyColombia.
Inparticular,theNationalGovernmentwillsetinmotionthefollowingmeasures:
5.2.1. Strengtheningofthemechanismsforpromotionofhumanrights:
• Promotionofrespectforhumanrightsandofacultureofhumanrightsforthebuildingof
peaceandreconciliation.
• Strengtheningofthesystemofinformationonthehumanrightssituation,takingintoaccount
theprogressoftheNationalSystemofHumanRights.
• Strengthening of the systemofmonitoring of the human rights situation at national and
regionallevel,takingintoaccounttheearlywarningsystem.
• Strengthening of the process of implementation of the National Plan for Human Rights
Educationbymeans,interalia,of:
o TheinclusionoftheFinalAgreementandoftheFinalReportoftheTruth,Coexistenceand
Non-RecurrenceCommissionintheNationalPlanforHumanRightsEducation.
o Coordinationwiththeprogrammesforpromotionofademocraticandparticipatorypolitical
cultureofChapter 2 “Political Participation:Ademocratic opportunity tobuildpeace”, in
particularforovercomingthestigmatisationassociatedwiththeconflict.
o Thestrengtheningofthemeasuresofnon-formaleducationthroughthelaunchingofpublic
campaignsforrecognitionofhumanrightsandpreventionofviolationofsuchrights.
5.2.2. Strengtheningofthemechanismsforprotectionoftheworkperformedbyhumanrights
advocatesandtheirorganisations
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Furthermore, the National Government, recognising the work of human rights advocates,
undertakes to contribute to the strengthening of human rights defence organisations, in
particularthosethatworkinruralcontexts,intheframeworkofthatalreadyagreedinChapter
2inrelationtotheguaranteesforsocialorganisationsandmovements,guaranteesofsecurity,
recognitionandnon-stigmatisation;andtomaintainwiththemanongoingdialoguetorespond
totheirreports,diagnosesandrecommendations.Forthis,andintheframeworkofthatagreed
inChapter2“Politicalparticipation”,aprotocolforcomprehensiveprotectionwillbedrawnup
incollaborationwithhumanrightsadvocates’organisations,includingthosethatcarryouttheir
workinruralenvironments.
The National Government will strengthen the coordination with the Office of the Attorney
General (Fiscalía General de la Nación), for driving forward and following up, case-by-case,accusations and investigations of violations of the rights of human rights advocates. Public
progressreportswillbeissuedeverythreemonths.
5.2.3. Preventionandprotectionofhumanrights
• Design,drawingupandexecutionof aNationalPlan forHumanRightswith theeffective
participation of human rights advocates’ organisations and social organisations and
movements which, taking into account the different existing policy efforts, will make it
possibletoadjustthemtotheneedsofapeacebuildingscenario.
• In accordancewith that approved in the Chapter on Political Participation, the necessary
regulatory measures and adjustments will be adopted to give full guarantees for social
mobilisation and protest, as part of the constitutional right to freedomof expression, to
assemblyandtoopposition,favouringdialogueandcivilityinthetreatmentofthistypeof
activities.
• CreationofanadvisorycommitteeconvenedbytheOfficeoftheOmbudsman(Defensoríadel Pueblo) to advise andmake recommendations to the National Government, to state
institutionsandtohumanrightsorganisations,withregardtohumanrightsandpeace.The
OfficeoftheOmbudsmanandrepresentativesofhumanrightsorganisationswillagreeonits
compositionandfunctioning.
5.3.Additionalagreementonthe“ComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,Reparationsand
Non-Recurrence”
IntheTribunalforPeace,justicewillbeadministeredbyaminimumof20ColombianJustices.
Four(4)expertforeignjuristsshallalsobechosentoactasamicicuriae.
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Onthe JudicialPanelsof theSpecial Jurisdiction forPeace, justicewillbeadministeredby18
ColombianJustices.Six(6)expertforeignjuristsshallalsobechosentoactasamicicuriae.TheJusticeswillnothavetobecareerjudgesandnoagelimitwillbeapplied.
Theselectionmechanismestablished in Item68will choose theaforementioned Justicesand
foreignjurists-atotalof38Justicesand10foreignjurists-anduptoathirdmore-thatis,13
JusticeswhomustbeavailableasreserveorsubstituteJusticesand4foreignjuristswhomustbe
available as amici curiae. The President will formalise the appointment of and swear in the
Justices of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace, the foreign jurists and the Director of the
InvestigationandProsecutionUnit.Ifneedbe,theplenaryofJusticesoftheSpecialJurisdiction
forPeacewillmakethenecessaryappointmentsfromthelistofdeputyorsubstituteJusticesor
thelistofdeputyorsubstituteforeignjuristsselectedbytheselectionmechanism.
TheInvestigationandProsecutionUnitoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacewillbemadeupofa
minimumofsixteen(16)prosecutorsofColombiannationality.
Theprosecutorswillnothavetobecareerprosecutorsandnoagelimitwillbeapplied.
Theforegoingprosecutors-16intotal-anduptoafurtheronethird-5prosecutorswhomust
beavailableasdeputyorsubstituteprosecutors-willbeappointedandsworninbytheDirector
oftheInvestigationandProsecutionUnit,whowillhavefullautonomytoselectandappointthe
otherprofessionalsrequiredtoformpartoftheUnit.
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6.Implementation,verificationandpublicendorsement
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPadoptthefollowingagreementonthecreationofthe
“Commission for Monitoring, Promoting and Verifying the Implementation of the Final
Agreement (CMPVI)”, complyingwith the provisions of theGeneral Agreement of 26August
2012.
Generalprinciplesforimplementation
Withoutprejudicetothespecificprinciplesestablishedfortheimplementationofthedifferent
agreements, the National Government and the FARC-EP have agreed the following guiding
principlesfortheimplementationoftheFinalAgreement.
• Rights-basedapproach:Theimplementationofalltheagreementsreachedmustcontribute
totheprotectionandguaranteetheeffectiveenjoymentoftherightsofeveryone.Human
rightsareinherentinallhumanbeingsequally,whichmeansthattheybelongtothemsimply
onaccountofbeinghuman.Consequently,recognisingthemisnotaconcession,sincethey
areuniversal,indivisibleandinterdependentimperativesandmustbeconsideredinaglobal,
justandequitablemanner.Itis,therefore,thedutyofthestatetopromoteandprotectall
fundamental rights and liberties, without any form of discrimination, respecting the prohomineprinciple,anditisthedutyofallcitizensnottoviolatethehumanrightsoftheirfellow
citizens,applyingtheprinciplesofuniversality,equalityandprogressiveness.
• Respectforequalityandnon-discrimination:The implementationofthisAgreementshall
respectequalityinallitsaspectsandequalityofopportunityforeveryoneinaccessingthe
different plans and programmes provided for in this Agreement, without any form of
discrimination.NothingcontainedintheFinalAgreementshallbeunderstoodorinterpreted
asdenying,restrictingorinfringingtherightsofindividuals,regardlessoftheirgender,age,
religious beliefs, opinions, ethnic identity, on account of their membership of the LGBTI
community,orforanyotherreason;norshall itbeunderstoodor interpretedasdenying,
restrictingorinfringingtherighttounhindereddevelopmentofthepersonalityortheright
tofreedomofconscience.
• Gender-basedapproach: InthisAgreement,theapproachtogendermeansrecognitionof
equalrightsformenandwomenandthespecialcircumstancesofeachperson,especially
those of women, regardless of their marital status, life cycle and family and community
relationships,asenjoyingrightsandspecialconstitutionalprotection.Inparticular,itimplies
theneedtoguaranteeaffirmativemeasurestopromotethatequality,activeparticipationby
women and their organisations in peacebuilding and recognition of the victimisation of
womenasaresultoftheconflict.
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Toguaranteetrueequality,itisnecessarytoputforwardaffirmativemeasureswhichrespond
to thedisproportionate impactwhich thearmedconficthashadonwomen, inparticular
sexual violence.With regard to the rightsof victims, theirprotection includesdifferential
treatmentwhichrecognises thecausesandthedisproportionateeffectswhich thearmed
conficthashadonwomen.Moreover,differentialactionmustbetakentoenablewomento
accesstheplansandprogrammescontainedinthisAgreementonequalterms.Participation
by women and their organisations and the equitable representation of women in the
differentareasofparticipationmustbeguaranteed.Thegender-basedapproachmustbe
understood and applied in a cross-cutting manner in implementing the whole of the
Agreement.
• Respectforfreedomofreligion: impliesrecognitionofandrespectforthepracticeofany
expression of religiosity, worship, belief or faith, without any form of discrimination or
stigmatisation.TheimplementationoftheFinalAgreementshallpromoteactiveparticipation
by churches, religious faiths, faith-based organisations and organisations of the religious
sectorinpeacebuilding.Itshallalsoseektotakethemeasuresnecessarytorestore,onequal
terms, the rights of those individuals or groupswhowere victimised on account of their
religiousbeliefduringoronaccountofthearmedconflict.
• Territorialintegrationandsocialinclusion:themeasurestakenduringtheimplementation
must promote the integrationof territorieswithin the regions and the integrationof the
regions within the country, as well as the inclusion of the different populations and
communities,inparticularthosemostaffectedbytheconflictandthosewhichhavelivedin
conditionsofpovertyandmarginalisation.
• Strengthening and coordinating institutions: to build a stable and lasting peace and in
generaltoguaranteethedemocraticprotectionoftherightsofallcitizens,itisnecessaryto
strengthentheinstitutionalpresenceofthestateintheterritory.
Public policymust promote the strengthening of institutions and ensure that the state’s
response in the territory is comprehensive and effective,with the active participation of
regional and local authorities in the decision-making processes and in monitoring the
implementationoftheFinalAgreementintheirterritories.
The constitutional basiswhereby the Colombian state is administratively decentralised is
reaffirmed, as is the autonomy of the regional bodies, according to the principles of
concurrence,coordinationandsubsidiarity;theimplementationshall,therefore,becarried
outincoordinationwithandwiththesupportoflocalauthorities.Theimplementationofthe
Agreementmustbecarriedoutwithfullrespectforthepowersoftheregionalauthorities,
withoutdetrimenttoitscontent.
In particular, the measures must help to strengthen the management capacities of
departments,municipalitiesandotherregionalbodies,toenablethemtoprovideleadership
incoordinatingtheplansandprogrammesnecessarytobuildpeace;theymustalsopromote
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thecoordinationofthenational,departmentalandmunicipalauthoritiestoensurethatthey
actinanintegrated,coordinated,joined-upandorganisedmanner.
• Strengtheningdemocracyand“buildingonwhathasalreadybeenbuilt”:Implementingthe
agreedplansandprogrammesmusttakeintoaccountdevelopmentinitiativesandprocesses
andrecognisetheeffortsofsociety inpeacebuilding intheregions,to“buildonwhathas
already been built” and strengthen democracy, eradicating corruption, any lack of
transparency,cronyismandanyotheractionwhichdegradestheotherprinciples.
TheimplementationoftheAgreementshallbeledandcarriedouttakingfulladvantageof
the existing institutional structure and recognising the powers of the different levels of
government. The organisations and institutional coordination mechanisms created at
differentpointsintheFinalAgreementshallseektostrengthenthatinstitutionalstructure
andtherebystrengthendemocracy.
• Efficacy,efficiencyandsuitability:towhichendthetimeandresourcesassociatedwiththe
implementation shall be optimised through special mechanisms and efficient public
administration, reducing formalities and simplifying processes and instruments. The
Government officials responsible for implementing the plans and programmes shall be
suitableandsatisfytherelevanttechnicalandmeritocraticrequirements.
• Prioritisation: the implementation of the agreements is a continuing and urgent process
starting with the definition of the plans and programmes for which there is the most
immediate need, according to an implementation timelimewhich takes into account the
socialprioritiesdefinedintheAgreement,institutionalcapacitiesandavailableresources.As
programmeswhich coordinate the implementation of the agreed plans and projects, the
DPTFsmustbeprioritisedinthecontextofimplementingtheFinalAgreement.
• Transparency, social control and fighting corruption: with clear, accesible and timely
informationregardingdecisions,fromtheallocationofresourcestotheirultimateapplication
(traceability),whichallowsthemtobemonitoredinasimplemanner,aswellasmechanisms
for accountability, distributing information, citizenoversight andoversight by supervisory
bodies (Office of the Attorney General, Office of the Inspector General, Office of the
ComptrollerGeneralandOfficeoftheOmbudsman),and,ingeneral,fightingcorruption.The
aim of all of the foregoing is to guarantee that all public resources allocated to
implementation are correctly applied and strictly comply with the terms of the Final
Agreement.
• Democraticprinciples:theinterpretationandimplementationofthisAgreementandofthe
regulationswhichincorprateitintothelegalsystemshallrespecttheunitarynatureofthe
ruleoflaw,politicalpluralism,individualfreedoms,theseparationofpowers,thepowersof
thedifferentbranchesofpublicauthority,territorialintegrity,economicfreedom,theright
of all citizens to own private property and the primacy of the inalienable rights of the
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individual,aswellassociety’sdifferentorganisationalendeavoursandprocesses,particularly
thoseoftherural,indigenousandAfro-Colombian,black,palenqueroandraizalcommunities.
6.1.Implementationandverificationmechanisms
a. ThedayafterthesigningoftheFinalAgreement,the“CommissionforMonitoring,Promoting
andVerifying the Implementationof the Final Agreement”will be created, comprisingof
threerepresentativesoftheNationalGovernmentandthreerepresentativesoftheFARC–EP
or the political party that emerges from its transition to legal life. The duration of the
Committeemaybeupto10years,andaninitialperiodofoperationisagreeduntilJanuary
2019,afterwhichthemembersoftheCommissionwilldecideonitsextension.
Its members will be high-level representatives of the Government designated by the
PresidentandplenipotentiariesoftheFARC-EPattheNegotiationTableinHavana.
b. Objectives of the Commission. Dispute resolution; follow-up of the components of the
Agreement and verifying their fulfilment; driving forward and follow-up of the legislative
implementationoftheagreements;follow-upreportsontheimplementation;receivinginput
fromagenciesinchargeofimplementation.
c. The implementationof theagreements reached in thepeaceprocessmustbeeffected in
goodfaith,addressingreciprocityinthefulfilmentoftheobligationsacceptedbytheparties,
promoting the integration of populations, communities, territories and regions of the
country, in particular of thosemost affected by the conflict and those that have lived in
conditionsofpovertyandmarginalisation.
d. Inordertoassistwithmonitoringtheapproachandguaranteeingtherightsofwomeninthe
implementationoftheFinalAgreement,aspecialforum(InstanciaEspecial)shallbesetupcomprisingrepresentativesfrom6nationalandregionalColombianwomen’sorganisations,
to maintain a permanent dialogue with the Commission for Monitoring, Promoting and
Verifying the Implementation of the Final Agreement (CMPVI). Its composition and
functioning shall be defined in consultation with the women’s organisations and in the
contextoftheCMPVI.
Theimplementationwillincludemeasuresandmechanismsthatenablecitizenparticipationto
haveaneffectiveinfluenceonthedecisionsofthecorrespondingpublicauthoritiesandpromote
dialoguebetweenthedifferentsectorsofsociety,thebuildingoftrustandsocialinclusion.
Itwillcountontechnicalsupport,informationandmethodologiestoensuretheefficacyofthe
participationinthedefinitionofprioritiesandintheformulationofprojects.
Itwillbetheresultofworkthat involvesthecooperationandcommitmentofeverybody:the
different state institutions, the territorial authorities, the social agents, organisations and
movements, the communities, the political parties including the political movement that
emergesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticalactivity,theex-combatantsofthe
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FARC-EPandthecitizensingeneral.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the National Governmentwill be responsible for the correct
implementationoftheagreementsreachedinthepeacetalksprocess,towhichenditundertakes
toguaranteeitsfinancingthroughdifferentsources.Theimplementationanddevelopmentof
the agreements shall be carried out in compliance with the current budgetary regulations,
ensuringthesustainabilityofthepublicfinances.
6.1.1.FrameworkPlanforImplementationoftheAgreements
After the signing of the Final Agreement and in order to guarantee the implementation of
everythingagreed - policies, regulations, plans, programmes - and to facilitate follow-upand
verification,theCommissionforMonitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementationofthe
Final Agreement (CMPVI) will discuss and approve, within four (4) months following its
constitution,aFrameworkPlanfortheImplementationoftheAgreementsonthebasisofthe
drafttobesubmittedbytheNationalGovernment.
The Framework Plan will contain the set of aims and objectives, goals and priorities and
indicators,thepolicyrecommendationsandthemeasuresneededfortheimplementationofall
the agreements, as well as their prioritisation and sequence - timeline - and responsible
institutions. The Framework Plan will contain the different sources of financing and the
institutionsresponsibleforimplementation,asappropriate.
The Framework Plan will include as a priority the practical and strategic needs of women,
identifying the multiple discriminations that must be addressed for the execution of the
agreements. Furthermore, in respect of the implementation of the agreements, it will drive
forward public policies, programmes and reforms that take into account the particular
requirementsofwomenandethnicpopulations,includingimpactindicatorsthatmakeitpossible
toidentifytheprogressofimplementationinthatregard.
TheFrameworkPlanwillremaininforceforten(10)yearsandwillhaveafirstphaseofpriority
implementationwhichwillrununtil20May2019;itwillbereviewedannuallybytheCommission
forMonitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementationoftheFinalAgreement(CMPVI)in
ordertomaketheappropriateadjustments.
Assoonaspossible,andinordertoallowthestartoftheimplementation,anNSEPCDocument
(DocumentoCONPES)ontheFrameworkPlanforImplementationwillbedrawnupandapproved
in the National Social and Economic Policy Council (NSEPC), in the terms approved by the
CommissionforMonitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementationoftheFinalAgreement
(CMPVI),whichwillalsocontainanindicationoftheresourcesnecessaryforitsfinancing,aswell
asthesourcesofsuchfunding.
OnthebasisofthatestablishedintheFrameworkPlan,fromnowonandforthefollowingtwo
presidentialtermsaftertheendofthecurrentone,aspartofthepreparationoftheNational
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Development Plan a Chapter must be included corresponding to the Four-Year Plan for the
ImplementationoftheAgreements.
Forthis,throughthespeciallegislativeprocedureforpeaceprovidedforinLegislativeAct01of
2016, the necessary constitutional or legal reforms will be processed for the Multi-Year
InvestmentPlantobeincorporatedintheNationalDevelopmentPlanfortherespectiveperiod.
Inthesamevein,thenecessaryadjustmentswillbemadetothecurrentNationalDevelopment
Plan.
Inordertoguaranteetheimplementationofthefirstmeasuresasfromtheentryintoforceof
the Final Agreement, the National Government will draw up a list of early implementation
measures(D+1toD+180)whichitwillsubmittotheCommissionforMonitoring,Promotingand
Verifying the Implementation of the Final Agreement (CMPVI), within 15 days following the
signingoftheFinalAgreement.
6.1.2.Measurestoincorporatetheimplementationoftheagreementswithterritorial-based
resources
In order to contribute towards guaranteeing the implementation of the agreements and to
coordinateeffortsbetweenthedifferentlevelsofGovernment:
• The necessary reforms will be processed in order to ensure that the departmental and
municipaldevelopmentplansincorporatemeasurestoguaranteetheimplementationofthe
agreements, including in the prioritised territories the action plans for the regional
transformationoftheDPTFs.
• MechanismsandmeasureswillbepromotedtoensurethatwithresourcesoftheGeneral
TransferSystem(SistemaGeneraldeParticipaciones)andoftheGeneralRoyaltiesSystem
(Sistema General de Regalías) a contribution is made toward the funding of the
implementationoftheagreements,includingintheprioritisedterritoriestheactionplansfor
theregionaltransformationoftheDPTFS.Royaltieswillprovideanothersourceofresources
fortheimplementationoftheAgreementintheregions,sothattheseprojectssupportthe
developmentoftheirmunicipalitiesanddepartments.
• Thedepartmentalandmunicipaldevelopmentplanswillbeinputsfortheformulationofthe
four-year plans and multi-year plans that form part of the Framework Plan for
implementation.Inthesameway,measureswillbeadoptedtoencouragetheincorporation
in the territorial development plans of those elements that ensure consistency with the
FrameworkPlanforImplementation.Incaseswheretheterritorial-basedstrategiesinvolve
twoormoredepartments,asisthecaseoftheDPTFS,therespectiveplanswillhavetobe
adjustedtoensurethateffortsandresourcescometogetherintheprioritisedzones.
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6.1.3.Othermeasurestocontributetoguaranteeingtheimplementationoftheagreements
• Participation of the business sector in the implementation of the agreements will be
promoted,tocontributetoguaranteeingproductivity,accesstomarketsandingeneralthe
sustainabilityoftheprojectscontemplated,interalia,intheComprehensiveRuralReform,
the National Comprehensive Programme for the Substitution of Crops Used for Illicit
Purposesandintheplansforreincorporationintocivilianlife.
• TheNationalGovernmentandtheCommissionforMonitoring,PromotingandVerifyingthe
ImplementationoftheFinalAgreement(CMPVI),willencouragethereceiptoffundsfrom
internationalcooperation.
• Theeconomicresourcesfortheimplementationcontributedbyinternationalcooperation,
multilateralbodiesandtheprivatesectorwillbeaddedtothefundsprovidedbytheNational
Governmentforthesepurposes.
• Withinthediscussionsonthemeasuresforreincorporation,themeasuresforcontribution
tothematerial reparationofvictimswillbedetermined, includingthecontributionofthe
FARC-EP.
• Intheimplementationofeverythingagreed,thebestinterestsofchildrenandadolescents
willbeguaranteed,aswellastheirrightsandtheirprevalenceovertherightsofeveryone
else.
6.1.4.Promotionoftheparticipationofsocialandcommunityorganisationsintheexecution
Recognisingthedifferentiatedcapacitiesoftheregionsandinordertopromotetheparticipation
ofthecommunitiesintheexecutionofprojectswithintheframeworkoftheimplementationof
theAgreements,theNationalGovernmentwillsetinmotionthenecessaryreformsinorderto
make possible the contracting with social and community organisations, with appropriate
technical support,especially in theareas thathavebeenprioritised for setting inmotion the
DPTFS.
6.1.5.IntegratedInformationSystemandmeasuresfortransparencyintheImplementation
In order to contribute to transparency, to facilitate the follow-up and verification of the
FrameworkPlanforimplementationandoftheresourcesinvested,inparticularthefollow-upon
thepartoftheCommissionforMonitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementationofthe
FinalAgreement(CMPVI),aswellasmakingthecorrespondingadjustmentsforachievementof
thegoals,theNationalGovernmentundertakestocreateanIntegratedInformationSystemand
toguaranteetransparencyintheimplementationoftheFinalAgreement,preventinganyform
ofcorruptionandgivingguaranteestocitizensonthedeliveryoftheresources.
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TheNationalGovernmentwillsetinmotionthefollowingmeasures:
• Interactivefollow-upmaps:awebsitewillbesetupwhichcontainsfollow-upmapswithall
the information on the implementation of the projects: their costs, their progress, their
geographicallocation,interalia,sothatanycitizencanseethedestinationoftheresourcesandprovidefeedbacktotheSystemintheeventthattheinformationdoesnotcorrespond
tothestateofimplementationoftheprojects.
• Periodic accountability mechanisms: different accountability mechanisms will be set in
motionincludingpublichearings,atthedifferentlevelsandonthepartofentitiesatnational
andterritoriallevel.Inparticular,themasscommunicationofinformationwillbepromoted
viathelocalmedia,includingcommunityradiostations,thedistributionofnewslettersand
thedisplayofresultsinpublicplaces.
• Citizenoversightboardsandpublic transparencywatchdogorganisations: inaccordance
with that agreed in section 2.2.5, a planwill be established to support the creation and
promotionofoversightboardsand transparencywatchdogorganisationsespecially in the
areaswheretheDPTFsareimplemented.
• Newinformationtechnologytools:associatedwiththeIntegratedInformationSystem,such
as,forexample,viamobilephones,toensurethatanycitizencanaccesspublicinformation,
andtoallowandpromotemechanismsforcollaborationandreporting.
• Corruptionriskmatrices,aswellasstrategiesofmitigation,raisingawarenessandprevention
ofmalpractice,cronyismandcorruption.
• Specialmechanismforcitizens’complaints:intheframeworkofthatagreedinsection2.2.5,
aspecialmechanismwillbecreatedforreceiving,processingandfollowingupreportsand
warnings made by citizens and by organisations and movements about possible acts of
corruptionrelatedtotheimplementationofthisAgreement.
• Strengtheningoftheinternalcontrolmechanisms:technicalassistancewillbeofferedtothe
territorial-basedauthoritiesforstrengtheninginternalcontrolmechanismsforthepurposes
ofimplementationofthatagreed.
• Specialsupportforthesupervisorybodies:Specialcontrolandsupportforthesupervisory
bodies (Office of the Attorney General, Office of the Inspector General, Office of the
ComptrollerGeneralandOfficeoftheOmbudsman)willberequestedforthedeliveryofthe
resourcesforimplementationoftheplansandprojectsprovidedforintheagreementsacross
thecountry’sterritories.
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6.1.6. Functions of the Commission for Monitoring, Promoting and Verifying the
ImplementationoftheFinalAgreement(CMPVI)
TheCMPVIwillhavethefollowingfunctions:
• Toresolveanydisputeorunforeseensituationthatmayarisebetweenthesignatoriestothe
Final Agreement in the interpretation of the agreements that cannot be resolved by the
mechanisms agreed in the corresponding item, if any. The guarantor countries may
contributetofacilitatethesolutionofthedisputeswhensorequired.
• Toserveasaspacetohandleofanysituationordisputebetweenthepartiesthatmayarise
after the signing of the Final Agreement, which does not involve the United Nations
MonitoringandVerificationMechanism(MVM).
• TofollowupallthecomponentsoftheFinalAgreementandverifytheirfulfilment,respecting
that established in respect of international accompaniment andwithout prejudice to the
functionsoftheMVM.Inparticular,theCMPVImust:
o Followupandverifythefulfilmentofthecommitmentsestablishedinthetimelineofthe
FinalAgreement,whichdoesnotaffectthepowersofthedifferentbranchesofpublic
authorityorofstatebodies.
o Ensurethatthecontentofallthedraftdecrees,lawsorlegislativeactsthatarenecessary
toimplementtheFinalAgreement,correspondstotheAgreement,beforetheyareissued
bythePresidentofthetheRepublicorpresentedtoCongress,asthecasemaybe.For
thesepurposes,thenon-exhaustivelistofdraftsincludedinthisAgreementshallbetaken
into account. The foregoing is subject to the powers of the Colombian legislature
(CongresodelaRepública).TheCMPVIshallmaintaindialoguewiththedonoragencies,
states and organisations which contribute financially to the implementation of the
agreements and/or form part of its international backing. The CMPVI may request
monitoring and implementation reports relating to the different programmes and
projects which receive international cooperation in the context of implementing the
peaceagreements.
o ProposeanydraftrulesthataredeemednecessaryfortheimplementationoftheFinal
Agreement,withoutprejudicetotheordinarypowersoftheColombianlegislature.
o Organise a system of thematic and territorial-based commissions in order to do its
functions,whichwillallowcitizenparticipation.
o Produce periodic reports showing a breakdown of the progress of implementation.
Occasionally,itmaygeneratethematic,specialistorterritorial-basedreportsrelatedto
thecomponentsoftheagreements.
• TheCMPVImayreceiveinputfromthedifferentagenciesinchargeoftheimplementationof
theagreementsaswellasfromorganisations,universities,researchcentresandmonitoring
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bodies,bothnationalandterritorial.
• Anymandateor functionwhich, for itsordinaryorpriority fulfilment, isdelegated to the
CMPVIintheFinalAgreement.
6.1.7.Composition
The CMPVI will be made up of three delegates from the National Government and three
delegates from the FARC-EP in process of reincorporation into civilian life, andwill have the
accompanimentduringthebilateralanddefinitiveceasefireandcessationofhostilitiesandthe
layingdownofarms(D+180)byonedelegatefromeachoftheguarantorcountries,Cubaand
Norway,andonedelegatefromeachoftheobservercountries,ChileandVenezuela.
The CMPVI will have a technical secretariat made up by common agreement between the
NationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP,toproducetheperiodicreportsandperformanyother
taskthatmayberequired.
The spokesmen and spokeswomen of the FARC-EP in the Congress may be invited to the
Commissionmeetings.
6.1.7.1.ExpandedCMPVI
In order to ensure the participation of civil society in the follow-up and verification of the
agreements,theCMPVIwillholdperiodicexpandedsessionstowhichitmayinvitetheNational
Council forReconciliationandCoexistenceandanyagreedrepresentationofcivilsociety.The
CMPVIwillpresenttotheCouncilandtotheotherrepresentativesofcivilsocietytheprogressin
theimplementationandwillreceivealltheinformationthattheywishtocontribute.
6.1.7.2.LocationandTime-scale
TheCMPVImaymeetinitiallyinHavana.ItwillbebasedinBogotá.
TheCMPVIwillmeetregularlywiththepresentformatuntiltheendoftheBilateralandDefinitive
Ceasefire and Cessation of Hostilities (D+180). Afterwards, it will continue operating for the
periodestablishedinthisagreement.
6.1.8.StartoftheimplementationoftheFinalAgreement
AsestablishedintheAgreementof11May2016,theFinalAgreementwillbesignedasaSpecial
Agreement under Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions and deposited, after its
signature,beforetheSwissFederalCouncilinBern.Then,thePresidentoftheRepublicwillmake
aunilateraldeclarationofthestatetotheUnitedNationscommunicatingthisFinalAgreement
and requesting its incorporation inadocumentof theUnitedNationsSecurityCouncil in the
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termsestablishedintheAgreementdated7November2016.
6.1.9.Prioritiesforregulatoryimplementation
In accordance with the provisions of the Final Agreement, the National Government will
guaranteethefollowingscheduleoflegislativeimplementation:
TheFinalAgreementshallbeincorporatedinaccordancewithconstitutionalrequirements.
Asapriority, the followingdraft legislationwillbeprocessedurgently inaccordancewiththe
procedureestablishedinLegislativeAct1of2016orbymeansofsomeotherLegislativeActin
theeventthattheforegoingprocedureisnolongervalid:
a. AmnestyLawandLegislativeActofincorporationoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,into
thePoliticalConstitution,accordingtotheagreementof7November2016.
b. LegislativeActtoincorporateatransitionalarticleintothePoliticalConstitution,accordingto
theagreementof9November2016.
c. Law or Legislative Act creating the Unit for the investigation and dismantling of criminal
organisations, including the successors of paramilitarism, established in Item 74 of the
agreementcreatingtheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.IncorporationintotheConstitutionof
the prohibition of the promotion, organisation, funding or official and/or private use of
paramilitarystructuresorpractices.
d.Theabovethreeitemswillbeprocessedsimultaneously.
e. Lawsnecessary for theapprovalof theprocedural rulesgoverningtheproceedingsof the
Special Jurisdiction for Peace, as established in Item 46 of the agreement creating that
jurisdiction.Thoserulesmust,ataminimum,provideforthefollowingprinciples:thesystem
mustbeadversarialandrespectdueprocessandtheprincipleofimpartiality,itmustprovide
for due publicity and guarantee the principle that both sidesmust be heard in assessing
evidenceandthedefence,aswellastherighttoasecondhearing,anditmustcomplywith
theprinciplesprovidedforinItem14.
f. LegislativeActandorganisationalrules fortheUnit fortheSearchforPersonsdeemedas
MissinginthecontextofandduetothearmedconflictandfortheTruth,Coexistenceand
Non-RecurrenceCommission.
g. Lawofdifferentiatedtreatmentundercriminallawforcrimesrelatedtocropsusedforillicit
purposes, when those convicted or accused are rural persons not belonging to criminal
organisations;thislawwillincludedifferentiatedtreatmentundercriminallawforwomenin
a situation of poverty, with family responsibilities, convicted of drug-related crimes not
connectedwith violent crimes andwho do not form part of the leadership structures of
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criminalorganisations,inaccordancewiththerecommendationsmadebytheOrganisation
ofAmericanStates.
h. Suspension of orders to capture members of the FARC-EP or persons accused of being
members or of collaboratingwith that organisation and suspension of the procedures of
extradition of such persons until the entry into force of the Amnesty Law and of the
constitutionalruleontheprohibitionofextraditionestablishedinnumber72oftheSpecial
JurisdictionforPeace.Adoptionofmeasuresonthecivilandlegalstatusofallthemembers
oftheFARC-EPwhichwillenablethestrictapplicationofthatestablishedinnumber72ofthe
SpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
i. Constitutionalandlegalreformonguaranteesandparticipationforthenewpoliticalpartyor
movementthatarisesfromthetransitionoftheFARC-EPtolegalpoliticallife,includingthe
modificationofthesecondsentenceoftransitionalArticle67ofthePoliticalConstitutionin
ordertoguaranteepoliticalparticipation.
j. Rulesandmeasuresnecessaryfortheimplementationandverificationoftheagreements,
includingthatrelatingtofinancingrules.
k. Constitutionalor legal rulesor reformsnecessary for the Four-Year ImplementationPlan,
with its corresponding Multi-Year Investment Plan, to be incorporated in the National
DevelopmentPlanfortherespectiveperiod.
6.1.10.Scheduleofregulatoryimplementationduringthefirst12monthsafterthesigningof
thefinalagreement,asestablishedinLegislativeAct1of2016
a. Laws and/or rules for the implementation of that agreed in the framework of the
ComprehensiveRuralReformandthesubstitutionofcropsusedforillicitpurposes.
b. Law and/or implementing rules on political participation: creation of Special Transitory
Electoral Districts for Peace, expansion of spaces for outreach of political parties and
movementsincludingcommunicationanddisseminationmedia.
c. Lawand/orrulesofthesystemforfundingofpartiesincludingtheincreaseintheirfunding,
and especially, of the political organisation or movement that emerges from the peace
agreements.
d. Lawand/orimplementingrulesforreformofthelegalcessationofownership.
e. Reformoftheearlywarningsystem.
f. Lawand/orimplementingrulesforthereformoftheearlywarningsystem.
g. Lawand/orimplementingrulesontheComprehensiveSystemofSecurityGuaranteesforthe
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politicalorganisationthatemergesfromthepeaceagreements.
h. Amendments to Law1448of 2011, onVictims and LandRestitution, on thebasis of that
agreed in section5.1.3.7of the “Victims”agreement, taking intoaccount theprincipleof
universalityandinaccordancewithinternationalstandards,toextendtherecognitionofall
thevictimsofbreachesofinternationalhumanitarianlaworofseriousandflagrantviolations
ofinternationalhumanrightsstandards,occurringduringtheinternalarmedconflict.
i. Lawsand/orimplementingrulesoneconomicandsocialreincorporation.
j. Lawsand/orimplementingrulesonguaranteesandpromotionoftheparticipationofcitizens
andsociety,especiallyofthecommunitiesoftheSpecialElectoralDistrictsforPeace.
k. Lawand/orrulesfortheadoptionofmeasurestocombatcorruption.
l. OrganisationoftheTruth,CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommission.
m. Rulesforthecreation,promotionandstrengtheningofthemechanismsofcitizencontroland
oversightandoftransparencywatchdogorganisations.
n. Constitutionalandlegalreformsrelatingtotheelectoralsystemandorganisationwithspecial
emphasisonthebasisofrecommendationsmadebytheElectoralMission.
6.1.11.Priorityimplementation:
ForimplementationofthecommitmentsacquiredintheFinalAgreement,prioritywillbegiven
in the Commission forMonitoring, Promoting and Verifying the Implementation of the Final
Agreement(CMPVI),tothefollowingthemes:
a. InrespectoftheareasprioritisedbytheDPTFsandimmediateactionplans:
Todefineinaccordancewiththeestablishedcriteriatheareasinwhichthe16Development
ProgrammeswithaTerritorial-BasedFocuswillbeimplemented.
As progress is made in the implementation of the DPTFs in the prioritised areas, the
Governmentwill,subjecttotheavailabilityofresources,beabletobringotherDPTFsinto
operationinareasthatmeetthecriteriaestablishedintheagreement.Alltheforegoingis
without prejudice to the commitment to implement the national plans throughout the
nationalterritory.
InthosemunicipalitiesthatarenotprioritisedfornowfortheimplementationoftheDPTFs
where Transitional Local Zones for Normalisation and Transitional Local Points for
Normalisationareestablished,animmediateactionplanwillbeimplementedtocoordinate
andexecuteacts andprojects to reactivate these territories socially andeconomically. In
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coordinationwiththelocalauthorities,differentmeasureswillbesetinmotionwhichinclude
humanitarianactionsandtheidentificationandexecutionofprojectstoimprovetheliving
conditionsoftheruralpopulationswholive inthesemunicipalitiesandaredeemedtobe
extremelyvulnerable.Asanexception, and subject to theavailabilityof resources, in the
frameworkoftheCMPVI,othermunicipalitiesorcommunitieswithavulnerablepopulation,
whichmeetthecriteriaoftheagreementfortheimplementationoftheseimmediateaction
plans,maybeproposed.
b. Definitionoftheinstitutionalityofthenon-prioritisedareas.
c. Delimitationofthespecialelectoraldistrictsforpeaceandcriteriafortheadoptionofthe
agreedspecialrules.
d. Schedulesofexecutionofimplementationactsforthefirst12monthsafterthesigningof
theFinalAgreement.
e. Creationofthemechanismfornationalorinternationalmonitoringofthesanctionsofthe
SpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
f. Creation of the autonomous system for free advice and defence provided for in the
AgreementofSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceandintheAmnestyLaw.
g. Conveningofaninternationalconferencetoreflectonthepolicyforthefightagainstdrugs.
h. InstallationoftheTechnicalCommitteeonSecurityandProtectionandImplementationof
theSecurityandProtectionProtocol,andoftherulesregulatingtheprotectionofmembers
ofthenewmovementorpoliticalpartythatemergesfromthetransitionoftheFARCEPto
legalpoliticallifeandoftheirfamiliesinaccordancewiththelevelofrisk,15daysafterthe
signatureoftheFinalAgreement.
i. DrawingupoftheSecurityProtocolfortheImplementationoftheJointEffortforVoluntary
SubstitutionofCropsusedforIllicitPurposes.
6.2.ChapteronEthnicPerspectives
6.2.1.Considerations
That the National Government and the FARC-EP recognise that the ethnic peoples have
contributedtothebuildingofasustainableandlastingpeace,toprogress,totheeconomicand
socialdevelopmentofthecountry,andthattheyhavesufferedhistoricalconditionsofinjustice,
resulting fromcolonialism, slavery andexclusionand fromhavingbeendispossessedof their
land,territoriesandresources;thattheyhavealsobeenseriouslyaffectedbytheinternalarmed
conflictandthemaximumguaranteesneedtobefomentedforthefullexerciseoftheirhuman
andcollectiverightsintheframeworkoftheirownaspirations,interestsandworldviews.
Whereastheethnicpeoplesneedtohavecontroloftheeventsthataffectthemandtheirland,
territories and resources, maintaining their own institutions, cultures and traditions, it is
fundamentaltoincorporatetheethnicandculturalperspectiveininterpretingandimplementing
theFinalAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeaceinColombia.
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6.2.2.Principles
IninterpretingandimplementingallthecomponentsoftheFinalAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeaceinColombiawithanethnic-basedapproach,accountistakenoftheprinciplesenshrinedinlegislationattheinternationalandconstitutionallevels,
case law and legal regulations, especially the principle of non-regression, recognised in the
InternationalCovenantonEconomic, Social andCulturalRights, aswell as theprinciples and
rights recognised in theConventionon theEliminationofAll FormsofDiscriminationAgainst
Women–CEDAW(ratifiedbyColombiaon19January1982),InternationalConventiononthe
EliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination-CERD,DurbanDeclarationandProgrammeof
Action,theUnitedNationsDeclarationontheRightsofIndigenousPeoples,andILOConvention
169concerningtheRightsofIndigenousandTribalPeoples.
In interpretingand implementing theFinalAgreement toEnd theArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeace inColombia,withanethnic-basedapproach,accountwillbe taken,
amongothers,ofthefollowingprinciples:freedetermination,autonomyandself-government,
participation,consultationandpriorfreeand informedconsent;social,economicandcultural
identityandintegrity,rightsoverland,territoriesandresources,whichinvolvetherecognition
oftheirancestralterritorialpractices,therighttorestitutionandstrengtheningofterritoriality,
thecurrentmechanismsforlegalprotectionandsecurityofthelandandterritoriesoccupiedor
ownedancestrallyand/ortraditionally.
6.2.3.Safeguardsandguarantees
SubstantialsafeguardsfortheinterpretationandimplementationoftheFinalAgreementto
EndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeaceinColombia.
Theprincipalandnon-subsidiarynatureoffreeandinformedpriorconsultationandtherightto
culturalobjectionasaguaranteeofnon-recurrencewillberespected,wheneverappropriate.
Consequently, the phase of implementation of the agreements, as far as ethnic peoples are
concerned, should be carried out in guaranteeing the right to prior free and informed
consultationrespectingconstitutionalandinternationalstandards.
Across-cuttingapproachwillbeincorporated,encompassingethnicity,gender,women,family
andgeneration.
In no casewill the implementationof the agreements bedetrimental to the rights of ethnic
peoples.
a. InrelationtoComprehensiveRuralReform
TheimplementationoftheCRRChapterwillguaranteetheapplicationofanethnicandcultural
perspective,thecurrent legalconditionsofcollectiveownership,andthemechanismsforthe
legal protection and security of land and territories occupied or owned ancestrally and/or
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traditionally.Theholisticnatureofterritorialityanditsculturalandspiritualdimensions,andthe
heightenedprotection forpeoplesat riskofextinctionand their safeguardplans,willalsobe
observed.
AccesstolandincludingtheLandFund.Ethnicpeopleswillbeincludedasbeneficiariesofthe
differentmeasuresagreedforaccesstolandwithoutimpairmentoftherightsalreadyacquired.
Theallocationofplotsoflandandlandtitlingprocedureswillbeperformedwithaviewtothe
constitution, creation, expansion, entitlement, demarcation, restitution and resolution of
disputesoverlanduseandtenure.Itshallbeunderstoodforthecaseofethnicpeoplesthatthe
ecologicalfunctionofpropertyandtheirownancestralformsofrelationshipwiththeterritory
takeprecedenceoverthenotionofnon-exploitation.Theethnicpeoplesandcommunitieswill
participatewiththeirrepresentativeorganisationsincreatingmechanismstoresolvedisputes
about land tenure and use, and about strengthening of food production,when the disputes
concernedcompromisetheirrights.
• DevelopmentProgrammeswithaTerritorial-BasedFocus (DPTFs),whichareplanned for
implementation in the territories of indigenous and Afro-Colombian communities, must
includeaspecialmechanismofconsultationforimplementation,inordertoincorporatethe
ethnicandculturalperspectiveintheterritorial-basedapproach,aimedimplementingthelife
plans,ethno-development,plansforenvironmentalmanagementandland-useplanningor
theequivalentsoftheethnicpeoples.
b. Inrelationtoparticipation
The full and effective participation of representatives of the ethnic authorities and their
representativeorganisationswillbeguaranteedinthedifferentforumscreatedintheframework
oftheimplementationoftheFinalAgreement,inparticularthoseenshrinedinChapter2andthe
participatoryplanningforums.
Measureswillbetakentoguaranteetheinclusionofcandidatesfromtheethnicpeoplesinthe
lists of the Special Transitory Electoral Districts for Peace (Circunscripciones TransitoriasEspecialesdePaz,CTEP),whentheirelectoraldistrictcoincideswiththeirterritories.
c. InrelationtoSecurityGuaranteesofsection3.4.
Theethnicandculturalperspectivewillbeincorporatedinthedesignandimplementationofthe
SecurityandProtectionProgrammeforthecommunitiesandorganisationsacrossthecountry’s
territories.Thestrengtheningofethnicpeoples’ownsecuritysystems, recognisedatnational
and international level, such as the IndigenousGuard (Guardia Indígena) and the Cimarrona
Guard(GuardiaCimarrona),willbeguaranteed.
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d. Inrelationtosolutionoftheillicitdrugsproblem
• The effective participation and consultation of the communities and representative
organisationsoftheethnicpeopleswillbeguaranteedinthedesignoftheNCPS,including
theplansforimmediateattentioninrespectoftheterritoriesoftheethnicpeoples.Inany
case,theNCPSwillrespectandprotecttheculturaluseandconsumptionoftraditionalplants
classedasusedforillicitpurposes.Innoeventwillpoliciesontheuseofterritoryandthe
naturalresourcespresentinitbeimposedunilaterally.
• Intheprioritisationofterritories,therealitiesoftheterritoriesoftheethnicpeopleswillbe
addressed,andaccountwillbetakenoftheterritoriesofethnicpeoplesatriskofphysical
andculturalexterminationoratriskofextinctionthatareaffectedaffectedbycropsusedfor
illicit purposes, or the territories of ethnic peoples in a situation of confinement or
displacement.
• TheProgrammeofDe-miningandClearanceof theareasof thenational territorywill be
developedindialoguewiththeethnicpeoplesandtheirrepresentativeorganisations.Priority
will be given to the cases of the Embera people located in the municipality of Puerto
Libertador in Córdoba and Ituango in Antioquia, those of the Jiw people located in the
municipalityofSanJosédelGuaviare inGuaviare,theNukakpeople inthedepartmentof
Guaviare,inthemunicipalitiesofMapiripánandPuertoConcordiainMeta,aswellasinthe
municipalityofTumacoRíoChagüí,andtheAwápeopleinthedepartmentofNariño.Also
the cases of the Community Councils of Alto Mira y Frontera and Rio Chagüí and the
municipalityofBuenosAires,VeredaLaAlsaciainthedepartmentofCauca.
• Asagestureofgoodwillforpeace,reparationandhumanity,theNationalGovernment,the
FARC-EPandtherepresentativeorganisationsoftheethnicpeoplesundertaketodevelopa
programmeofsettlement,return,restorationandrestitutionoftheterritoriesoftheNukak
people,theEmberaKatíopeopleoftheCañaveralReserveinAltoSanJorge,aswellasthe
territory of the Community Council of Alto Mira and Frontera, and Curvaradó and
Jiguamiandó.
e. Inrelationtovictimsoftheconflict:“ComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,Reparations
andNon-Recurrence”
• ThedesignandexecutionoftheComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,Reparationsand
Non-Recurrencewill respect the exercise of the jurisdictional functions of the traditional
authorities within their territorial area in accordance with the current national and
internationalstandards.
• Theethnicandculturalperspectivewillbeincorporatedinthedesignofthedifferentjudicial
and non-judicial mechanisms agreed in respect of the ethnic peoples. The right to
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participationandconsultationinthedefinitionofthesemechanismswillberespectedand
guaranteed,whenappropriate.
• IntheframeworkoftheimplementationoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,mechanisms
willbecreatedforliaisonandcoordinationwiththeSpecialIndigenousJurisdictionaccording
to themandate of Article 246 of the Constitution and,when appropriate,with theAfro-
Colombianancestralauthorities.
• Aspecialharmonisationprogrammewillbedrawnupincollaborationwiththerepresentative
organisations of the ethnic peoples, for the reincorporation of demobilised individuals
belongingtosuchpeoples,whoopttoreturntotheircommunities,inordertoguaranteethe
restorationofterritorialharmony.Aneducationalandcommunicationstrategywillbeagreed
forthedisseminationoftheprinciplesofnon-racialandethnicdiscriminationagainstwomen,
youngstersandgirlsdemobilisedfromtheconflict.
f. InrelationtoImplementationandVerification
• A special high-level forum (Instancia Especial)will be createdwith Ethnic Peoples for thefollow-up of the implementation of the agreements, which will be agreed between the
National Government, the FARC-EP and the representative organisations of the Ethnic
Peoples. The functions of this agency will include acting as a primary consultative,
representativeandliaisonbodyoftheCommissionforMonitoring,PromotingandVerifying
theImplementationoftheFinalAgreement(CMPVI).
• This iswithout prejudice to the functions and duties of already existing government and
participatoryagencies.
• The sources of funding for the implementation of the agreementswill not involve those
agreements on budgetary matters that have already been made between the National
GovernmentandtheIndigenousandAfro-ColombianPeoples,setoutinthecurrentNational
DevelopmentPlanandotherpoliciesconsultedandagreed.
6.3.InternationalverificationcomponentoftheCommissionforMonitoring,Promotingand
VerifyingtheImplementationoftheFinalAgreement(CMPVI)(ComisióndeSeguimiento,ImpulsoyVerificaciónalaImplementacióndelAcuerdoFinal,CSIVI)
Item6oftheGeneralAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStableandLastingPeace,concerningimplementation,verificationandthepublicendorsement,determinesthat,onthe
signingofthefinalagreement,theimplementationofallthepointsagreedshallcommence.
Onthisbasis,theGovernmentandtheFARC-EPagreetheestablishmentofamechanismforthe
verificationoftheagreements,whichshallhaveaninternationalcomponent,which,inturn,is
partofthemechanismforimplementationoftheagreementswhichshallaimtoascertainthe
status and progress of the implementation of such agreements, to identify delays or
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shortcomings, to provide opportunities for continuous improvement and to contribute to
strengtheningitsimplementation.
Within thismechanism, verification shall consist of the analysis of the information gathered
duringthemonitoringprocess,forthepurposeofestablishingthefulfilmentorotherwiseofthe
agreements. It will establish the progress which has beenmade in the implementation, the
subjectareaswhichareintheprocessofdevelopmentandthepointsofdiscussionanddispute,
totheeffectthat,onthebasisofthischaracterisationandtheitemsofevidence,supportedby
theconfirmationofdataandfacts,itwillbepossibletoassessthefulfilmentofwhathasbeen
agreed and the measures for solution which have, as their final objective, the due
implementationofsuchmeasures.
6.3.1.Guidelinecriteriafortheverificationmechanism
The National Government and the FARC-EP agree the following criteria to regulate the
verificationprocedures:
• Verification:shallberigorousinthedeterminationofthestatusoftheimplementation
andpointsofdiscussionanddispute.
• Objectivity:everyreportorpronouncementwhichtheverificationmechanismproduces
shallberigorouslysupportedbydataandfacts.
• Correspondence:theverificationeffortundertakenbythemechanismshallcorrespond
preciselytotheelementsandcontentsincorporatedintheFinalAgreementandwhich
were agreed at theNegotiation Table, taking into consideration criteria of a bilateral
nature.
• Equity-based and gender-based approach: this approach shall be verified in the
implementationofeachoftheagreements.
• Comprehensiveandintersectoralapproach:theverificationprocessshallbesupported
by information issued by the international accompaniment component, the technical
component and that provided by the National Government and the FARC-EP
representativesandthespokespersonsforthesocialorganisations.
• Access to information: for the carrying out of the verification work, the verification
mechanism shall have access to the information required in respect of the
implementationoftheagreementswhichisheldintheagencies,statebodiesandinthe
technical informationgatheringmechanisms.Informationofaconfidentialnatureshall
behandledincompliancewiththeregulationsinforce.
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• Transparency: the international component shall, for the purposes of the verification
process, request from the National Government and the agencies undertaking the
international accompaniment, reports on the progress of the implementation of the
agreementsinrespectofthedesignateduseandinvestmentofthepublicresourcesfor
theimplementationofsuchagreements.Inthesamewayandforthepurposeoffulfilling
itsverificationtasks,theinternationalcomponentmayalsocoordinatewiththestate's
supervisory bodies (the Office of the Attorney General, the Office of the Inspector
General,theOfficeoftheComptrollerGeneralandtheOfficeoftheOmbudsman).
• Territorial aspect: the verification and monitoring mechanisms shall have special
emphasis placed on the regional, departmental and municipal application of the
agreements.
6.3.2.Compositionoftheverificationmechanismandfunctions
TheverificationmechanismshallcomprisethefollowingUnits:
• Notablepersons:thereshallbetwo(2)personswithaninternationalstatusoneselected
by the National Government and the other by the FARC-EP, who shall head up the
verificationmechanismandhavethefollowingresponsibilities:
a. Tomakepublicpronouncementsandproducereportsinrelationtotheprogress
recorded in the implementationofall theagreements,withoutaffecting those
which are to be verified by the United Nations Special Political Mission for
Verification,andinrelationtopointsofdiscussionanddispute,allincoordination
withtheCommissionforMonitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementation
oftheFinalAgreement,hereinaftertheCMPVI.
b. In relation to the points of discussion and dispute which draw attention to
difficulty in the implementation of the agreements, the notable persons, in
coordinationwiththeCMPVI,shallpresentrecommendationsfortheresolution
ofsuchdifficulties,towhichendtheymayconsultwithadelegatedobserverfrom
theUnitedNationsVerificationMechanism.Also,attherequestoftheCMPVI,the
guarantorcountriesmayfacilitatetheresolutionofdifferences.
c. To present their observations to the CMPVI during the first 18 months and,
subsequently, every sixmonths, basedon the reports of theKroc Institute for
InternationalPeaceStudies at theUniversityofNotreDame (USA) andonany
otherinformationwhichtheyreceive.
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• Technical Secretariat: The notable persons shall be supported by the Technical
Secretariatwiththefollowingfunctions:
a. Gathering, analysing and preparing the information necessary for the public
pronouncementsof thenotablepersons, towhichend itwill receive technical
supportfromtheKrocInstituteforInternationalPeaceStudiesattheUniversity
ofNotreDame(USA)basedontheoperationalcriteriaandscopeassignedtoitby
the CMPVI. It may also request information regarding progress with the
implementation from any of the organisations making up the international
accompanimentcomponent.
b. Coordinating its activities with the other components of the international
verificationprocess.
c. Consultingwith institutionswith competence in the area or other civil society
institutions and organisations which can contribute to the verification of the
implementationoftheagreements.
The Technical Secretariat shall comply with the protocols established by the CMPVI for the
verification of the implementation of the agreements. The CMPVI shall select a Technical
Secretary.
The Technical Secretariat shall coordinate all of its functionswith the CMPVI. Any additional
functionshallbeestablishedbytheCMPVI.
TheNationalGovernment shall undertake tomanage,with the international community, the
resourcesnecessarytoimplementtheverificationprocess.
• Technicalsupport:shallbeprovidedbytheKrocInstitute,subjecttothecriteriaandlines
ofactiondefinedbythemonitoringcommission(CMPVI),whichshallundertake,interalia,thefollowingactivities:
a Itshalldesignthemethodologyforidentifyingtheprogressoftheagreements.
b. It shall contribute good practices and experience for the effective follow-up to the
implementationoftheagreements.
c. Itshallprovidethetechnicalsupportforthefollow-up,verificationandmonitoringofthe
implementationoftheagreements.
d. Itwilldrawupwithmethodologicalstrictnessamodelforevaluationandfollow-upwhich
will enable fulfilmentof the agreements tobemeasuredwith sufficient accuracy and
whichwillallowdecisionstobetakenandadjustmentsmade,inrealtime,allwithinthe
frameworkofalogicofcontinuousimprovementoftheperformancecapabilitiesinthe
buildingofpeace.
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e. Itstechnicalworkeffortmaybesupplementedwiththegoodpracticesandexperienceof
other institutions and institutes which are agreed by the international verification
componentandapprovedbytheCMPVI.
f. Thereports,matricesandproductsgeneratedbytheKrocInstituteshallbeintendedfor
the International Verification Component and the CMPVI, in compliance with the
confidentialitycriteriaestablishedthere.
g. The international accompaniment activities and the reports of the subject area
componentsshallbetakenintoconsiderationasaninputtoensuretheobjectivefollow-
uptothefulfilmentoftheimplementationoftheagreements.
6.3.3.UnitedNationsPoliticalMissionforVerification
The National Government and the FARC-EP will request a Political Mission from the United
Nations,throughtheGeneralAssembly,withthemandatetoverifythereincorporationofthe
FARC-EPandtheimplementationofpersonalandcollectivesecurityandprotectionmeasures.
ThismissionwillstarttooperateonconclusionofthemandateoftheMissionforMonitoringand
VerificationoftheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities.Recognisingthe
importanceofhavinganinternationalverificationmechanismwhichensurestheimplementation
ofwhathasbeenagreed in respectof reincorporationand security guarantees, theNational
GovernmentandtheFARC-EPconsiderthattheverificationsystemwhichisimplementedmust
ensureitsoperationforaperiodofthree(3)years,renewableifnecessary.
TheNationalGovernmentwill senda communication to the Secretary-General of theUnited
NationsrequestingthesupportrequiredforthepurposesofthisAgreement.
ThecontentofthetextsoftheAgreementstobeverifiedareasfollows:
Agreement3.2.ReincorporationoftheFARC-EPintocivilianlife-economic,socialandpolitical-
incompliancewith its interests.Thecontentsof theAgreementwhichmust, inparticular,be
verifiedare:
a Politicalreincorporation
b. Guarantees for the new party or political movement which results from the
movementoftheFARC-EPintopoliticallife.
c. Economicandsocialreincorporation.
Agreement 3.4. Guarantees of security and the fight against the criminal organisations
responsible for murders and massacres or which attack human rights defenders, social
movementsorpoliticalmovements,includingthecriminalorganisationswhichhavebeennamed
as the successors of paramilitarism and their support networks and the pursuit of criminal
behaviourwhichthreatenstheimplementationoftheagreementsandthebuildingofpeace.The
contentsoftheAgreementwhichmust,inparticular,beverifiedare:
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a. Protectionmeasures,personalandcollectivesecurity
b. ComprehensiveSecuritySystemfortheExerciseofPolitics, inparticularforthe
membersoftheFARC-EPandtheirfamilies.
c. Comprehensive Security and Protection Programmes for the communities and
organisationsacrossthecountry'sterritories.
d. TheMissionmust be of a political nature andmust be composed of unarmed
personnelwithexperienceinhumanrights.
6.3.4.QualitiesoftheVerifier
The verifier, for the purposes of this agreement, is understood to be any participant in the
mechanism,andmustundertake tomaintain theconfidentialityof theentireprocess for the
implementationoftheagreements,mustbeoutsidethedisputeandpublicopinionconcerning
thecriteriaandguidelinesdeterminedbythemechanismforthecommunicationprocessand,in
allcases,shall seekto findsolutionswhichcancontributetocontinuous improvementof the
implementationoftheagreementsforpeacebuilding.
TheGovernmentof theRepublicofColombiashall renewthecurrentmandateof theUnited
NationsHighCommissionerforHumanRights(UNHCHR)foraperiodof3years,thatcouldbe
renewable. Itwill also request that,within the reportwhich hisOffice annually produces on
Colombia, a special Chapterbe included concerning the implementationof thehuman rights
agreements.
6.3.5.Durationoftheinternationalverificationcomponent
The CMPVI, following evaluation of the suitability and requirements for verification, will
recommendtothePresidentoftheRepublictheterminationoftheoperationofthiscomponent.
6.4.Internationalaccompanimentcomponent
The international accompaniment included in Item 6 of the General Agreement for Ending
Conflict, concerning implementation, verification and the public endorsement, shall be
understood to be direct or indirect support from the organisations, countries and agencies
definedforthatpurpose,withmaterialand/orhumanresources,forthedesign,implementation
andmonitoringoftheimplementationofthisAgreement.
Theinternationalaccompanimentisanendeavourtocontributetostrengtheningtheguarantees
forthefulfilmentoftheagreements.ItmustrespectColombia'sconstitutionalandlegalorder,
have respect for the internal sovereigntyand theduty toguarantee thehuman rightsof the
citizens. Its role is to support and endorse the joint efforts for the implementation of the
agreementstobesuccessfullyachieved.
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The international accompaniment in the terms asdefined in this agreement shallmaintain a
dialoguewiththeCommissionforMonitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementationof
theFinalAgreementandshallsupporttheTechnicalSecretariatoftheverificationmechanism
withsuchinformationasitrequests.
The National Government and the FARC-EP agree the following criteria to implement the
internationalaccompaniment.
6.4.1.Generalcriteria
Onthebasisoftheinternationalprinciplesforsovereignequality,peacefulresolutionofdisputes,
peace-keeping, respect for the internal jurisdictionof thestatesandrespect for international
humanrightslaw,theinternationalaccompanimentshallbeframedwithinthefollowinggeneral
criteria:
• Sovereignty:theinternationalaccompanimentshallbeunderstoodtoconstitutesupport
for theeffortsofColombia toachieve the implementationof theagreementsandthe
buildingofpeacesuccessfully, inallcasesrespectingandtaking intoconsiderationthe
principle of sovereignty in relation to its decisions in the implementation of the
agreements.Internationalaccompanimentshallalsocontributetotheeffectoftheduties
andresponsibilitiesofthestate,definedintheFinalAgreement,guaranteeingtherights
ofthecitizens.
• Impartiality:shallbebasedonrespectforandconfidenceintheinstitutions,thecontent
of the agreements and democratic values, as a guarantee to ensure that the
implementationofsuchagreementscontributestothebuildingofpeace.
• Provision of experience, technical capacity and resources: the support of the
international accompaniment is rooted in the preparedness to share good practices,
transfer of knowledge, experience and resources, to ensure success in the
implementationoftheagreementsandpeacebuilding.
6.4.2.Internationalaccompaniment
TheFARC-EPandtheNationalGovernmenthaveagreedthattheinternationalaccompaniment
ofthefollowingcountriesandinternationalorganisationsshallbesoughtfortheimplementation
oftheAgreements,ineachoftheItemsintheGeneralAgreementtoEndtheConflict:
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AgreementAgencyproviding
Internationalaccompaniment
1. Towards a New Colombian
Countryside: Comprehensive Rural
Reform
- EuropeanUnion- FAO- InternationalPeasantMovement(LaVíaCampesina)
- UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme(UNDP)
2. Political participation: a
democratic opportunity to build
peace
- TheUnionofSouthAmericanNations(USAN)
- Switzerland- NetherlandsInstituteforMultipartyDemocracy
(NIMD)
- CarterCenter3.2.Reincorporation - EuropeanUnion
- UNESCO- UNDP- LatinAmericanandCaribbeanContinental
OrganisationofStudents(OCLAE)
- OrganisationofIbero-AmericanStates(OEI)
The National Government shall
review the situation of persons
deprivedoftheirliberty,heldfortrial
or sentenced because of
membershipoforcollaborationwith
theFARC-EP.
- OfficeoftheHighCommissioneroftheUnited
NationsforHumanRights(OHCHR)
3.4. Combating and dismantling
criminalorganisations
- UnitedNationsOfficeonDrugsandCrime
(UNODC)- UnitedStatesofAmerica
3.4.SpecialInvestigationUnit - UnitedStatesofAmerica
- EuropeanUnion3.2.Securityguarantees - UnitedStatesofAmerica
- OfficeoftheHighCommissioneroftheUnited
NationsforHumanRights(OHCHR)
4.Solutiontotheillicitdrugproblem - UNODC- GlobalCommissiononDrugPolicy
5.Victims
Humanrightsofthevictims
- OfficeoftheHighCommissioneroftheUnited
NationsforHumanRights(OHCHR)
- InternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross(ICRC)
- InternationalCentreforTransitionalJustice(ICTJ)
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- UnitedNationsHighCommissionerforRefugees
(UNHCR)
- SwedenUnit for the Search for Persons
deemedMissing
- Sweden- ICRC- InternationalCommissiononMissingPersons
(ICMP)
Gender-basedApproach - UNWomen
- UnitedNationsSpecialRepresentativeoftheSecretary-GeneralonSexualViolenceinConflict
- Women’sInternationalDemocraticFederation
(WIDF)
- Sweden
Inordertoguaranteethegreatestpossibleeffectivenessof the internationalaccompaniment
component for the implementation of the Agreements, the following lines of action are
determined:
• The international accompaniment activities shallmeet the criteria and requirements laid
downbytheCMPVI.
• Inordertocarryoutthespecificaccompanimentactivities,thematicspecialisationandfull
cooperationoftheaccompanyingcountriesandorganisationsshalltakeprecedencethrough
theestablishmentofacoordinatingforumthatshallmeetthecriteriaoftheCMPVI.
• EachthematiccomponentshalldrawupperiodicreportsthatshallbesharedwiththeCMPVI,
notwithstandingthereportsthatthevariousorganisationsorinstitutionsmaysendtotheir
respectivebodies.
The reports produced by the thematic accompaniment components shall be systematically
suppliedtotheKrocInstitutefor InternationalPeaceStudiesattheUniversityofNotreDame
(USA),which theNational Government and the FARC-EP have agreed to have as one of the
componentsprovidingtechnicalobservationtodeveloptheassessmentandmonitoringmodel
oftheCMPVI.
This Agreement invites the countries, institutions and organisations, which are part of the
internationalaccompanimentcomponent,tocontributetothefinancingofthoseaspectsrelated
totheimplementationoftheAgreements.OnthesubjectofReincorporation,theOrganisation
of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture (Organización de EstadosIberoamericanos para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura, OEI) is asked to support thereincorporationprocessintocivilianlife.TheGermanGovernmentshallalsobeaskedtoform
partoftheaccompanyingcountriesthatwillsupporttheissuesreferredtoinChapter5,inregard
tothesubjectsofVictimsandSpecialJurisdictionforPeace(SJP).
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6.5.Disseminationandcommunicationtools
InordertoeducatethepublicaboutthecontentoftheFinalAgreementandpubliciseprogress
madewithitsimplementation,wehaveagreedthefollowingcommunicationanddissemination
tools:
• Radiostationsforcoexistenceandreconciliation:Twenty(20)FM,publicinterest,class“C”,
radiostationsshallbesetupintheareasmostaffectedbytheconflict,inthegeographical
locations andwith the power defined by the Commission forMonitoring, Promoting and
VerifyingtheImplementationoftheFinalAgreementtoprovideoptimumrangeforthesignal
emission.TheradiostationsshallbeallocatedtoNationalRadioandTelevisionofColombia
(RadioTelevisiónNacionaldeColombia,RTVC)withtheaimofeducatingthepublicaboutthe
contentoftheFinalAgreementandreportingonprogressmadewithitsimplementation.For
2 years, the Communications Joint Committee, made up of delegates from the National
GovernmentandfromtheFARC-EPtransitioningtocivilianlife,shall,bymutualagreement,
definetheeducationalcontentanditsproduction.Theradiostationsmayoperate24hours
aday.
All of the radio stations shall be set up and operational within twelve months of the
geographicallocationsbeingdefined,atthelatest.
Afterthefirsttwoyearsinoperation,NationalRadioandTelevisionofColombia(RTVC)shall
run the radio stations for fourmore years inwhich the programming shall be allocated,
according to theprinciples governingpublic interest radio, as follows: a third for victims’
organisations from those regions, a third for ECOMÚN and a third for community
organisationsfromthoseregions,withtheaimofpromotingcoexistence,reconciliationand
thebuildingofthepeace.Timeslotsshallbeallocatedtothethreesectorsinanequitable
manner.
Duringthefirsttwoyears,NationalRadioandTelevisionofColombia(RTVC)shalldefinea
technicaltrainingpathwaytotrainupto60individualsfromthethreesectors,inanequitable
manner,with20placespersector,asradiooperatorsandproducersfortheradiostations,
sothattheycanpassontheirknowledgetoothers.
After the radio stations have been operating for six years, the Ministry of Information
Technology and Communications (MINTIC), based on the opinion of the Commission for
Monitoring,PromotingandVerifyingtheImplementationoftheFinalAgreement(CMPVI),
mayextendtheclass“C”publicinterestlicencesforuptofourmoreyears,onthesameterms
onwhichtheyhavebeenoperatinguptothatpoint.
• Social networks: Based on the experience of the Negotiation Table website, the
CommunicationsJointCommitteeshalldesignastrategyfordistributinginformationabout
theimplemenationoftheAgreementsusingnewtoolsoversocialnetworks.
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• Spaceon institutional television: inorder topromotecoexistence, reconciliationand the
building of the peace, for two years, the Joint Communications Committee, made up of
delegatesfromtheNationalGovernmentandfromtheFARC-EPtransitioningtocivilianlife,
in coordination with RTVC and the National Television Authority (Autoridad Nacional deTelevisión,ANTV), shall havea slotofoneandahalf hoursperweekon the institutionalchannel(CanalInstitucional),withthecompletecontentofthatslotbeingrepeatedoncein
thesameweek,toeducatethepublicabouttheagreementsandreportonprogressmade
withtheirimplementation.TheNationalGovernmentshallensurethatthebroadcasttimeof
the programme is ideal, taking into account the target audience and the purpose of the
informationtobebroadcast.Untiltheprocessoflayingdownarmsiscompleted,theFARC-
EPtransitioningtocivilian lifeshalldesignatetworepresentatives totakepart ineditorial
boardmeetingschairedbytheGovernmentinthecontextoftheCommittee.Theprogramme
shall be broadcast based on the ANTV guaranteeing a percentage of the funding for its
productionandtransmission, inaccordancewiththeprovisionsof thecurrent regulations
issuedbytheANTVfortheordinarypublicinterestprogrammingofCanalInstitucional.The
two-yeartermofthearrangementshallbeginwiththefirstbroadcastoftheprogramme.
Alloftheforegoingshallnotaffectanyotheractivitiesthateachpartymaycarryoutseparately
for that purpose. The Joint Communications Committee shall be financed by the National
Government.
6.6.Agreementon“PublicEndorsement”
ThenewFinalAgreementtoEndtheConflictandBuildingaStableandLastingPeacemustreceive
publicendorsement,inaccordancewithItem6oftheAgendafortheGeneralAgreement.That
publicendorsementmaybegivenbymeansofsystemsforpublicparticipation,suchas, interalia, a plebiscite, legislative initiatives, consultation and open council meetings, or through
elected public bodieswhosemembers have amandate to represent the public, such as the
Colombian legislature(Congresode laRepública), thedepartmentalassembliesandmunicipal
councils. The National Government and the FARC-EP shall agree the mechanism for public
endorsement which must be implemented in accordance with the relevant regulations and
rulings.
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PROTOCOLSANDANNEXES
ProtocolandAnnexofthesectionentitledINTRODUCTIONoftheAgreementontheBilateral
andDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLayingDownofArms(LA)
ThisProtocolofthesectionentitledIntroductionoftheAgreementontheBilateralandDefinitive
Ceasefire andCessationofHostilities (BDCCH)and LayingdownofArms (LA), consistsof the
planningandexecutionphases,whichallows:thedeploymentoftheMonitoringandVerification
Mechanism (MVM)atnational, regionaland local level so that itmaycarryout itswork; the
adjustments to the numbers of personnel deployed in the field; the operation of the 20
Transitional Local Zones for Normalisation (TLZNs) and 7 Transitional Local Points for
Normalisation(TLPNs)thathavebeendefinedbymutualconsent;andthetechnicalprocedure
fortheLayingdownofArms;inaccordancewiththeBDCCH&LAAgreement.
1. Planning
PlanningisunderstoodtomeanalltheactivitiespriortothesigningoftheFinalAgreementthat
beginstheBCDCCH&LAondayDattimeT.
1.1.Provisionofinformationforplanningpurposes
Duringthisphase,themembersappointedbytheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPtoform
theMVMmustbetrainedandcertified,andtheymusthavetimetoadapttotheMVMpriorto
theirdeployment.Tothisend,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPshallhandoverthe
namesofitsmemberstobetrainedondayD-35totheInternationalComponentoftheMVM
(IC-MVM).
Theinformationneededtoguaranteethemovementandparticipationofthemembersofthe
FARC-EPinthetraining,adaptionandsubsequentdeploymentoftheMVMshallbehandedover
totheIC-MVM,whichshallcoordinatewiththeNationalGovernment,asrequired.
DayD-30marksthestartofthedeploymentofanyregionalunitsoftheMVM.
DayD-25marksthestartofthetrainingofMVMstaff.
DayD-20,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPshallprovidetheIC-MVMwithdetailsof
theunitsandstructuresinvolvedinthesetting-upofthefielddeployment,theTLZNsandthe
TLPNs.
DayD-15:
a. TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPshallprovidetheMVMwiththeinformationon
thecoordinatesoftheTLZNsandTLPNs.
b. TheNationalGovernment,theFARC-EPandtheIC-MVMshallpairupthelocalMVMteams.
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c. The National Government shall link up the protection teams with the MVM.
DayD-12,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPshalldeliverastatusreportontheTLZNs
andTLPNstotheMVM.
DayD-8marksthedeploymentofthelocalMVMunitstosetupthevariousLocalHeadquarters.
DayD-7,theLocalHeadquartersoftheMVMshallbesetup.
DayD-6,theNationalUnitoftheMVMshallbedeployed.
Day D-5, the deployment of theMVM shall be verified, ensuring that all the administrative,
technical,logisticalandinfrastructureconditionsareoptimal.
TheNationalGovernmentguaranteesthattheinformationgatheredbyitshallbeusedsolelyfor
purposesrelatedtotheBDCCH&LAprocess.
2. Execution
Execution is understood to mean all the activities that shall be carried out by the National
Government,theFARC-EPandtheMVMaftersigningtheFinalAgreementwhichmarksthestart
oftheBDCCHandDLondayDattimeT.
2.1.Announcementandstart
OnDayD,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP,makinguseofallmedia,shallannounce
thestartoftheBDCCHandDLtothecountry,whichimplies:
a. The definitive end to the offensives actions between the Colombian State Armed Forces
(whichincludeboththeMilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice)andtheFARC-EP,hostilities
andanyconduct thatmustnotbecarriedout, inaccordancewith theAnnex to therules
governingtheBDCCHandDLunderthisAgreement.
b. ThattherulesgoverningtheBDCCHandDLtakeeffect.
c. Thatthepreparationphasehasfinished,promptingthestartoftheoperationoftheTripartite
MonitoringandVerificationMechanism(MVM),whichcomprisestheNationalGovernment,
theFARC-EPandanInternationalComponentmadeupofanunarmedpoliticalmissionofthe
UnitedNations.
d. That itstartstherestrictiononmilitaryaircrafttoflyatanaltitudeof5,000feetoverthe
TLZNs,TLPNsandSecurityZones(SZ).
e. ThatboththeColombianStateArmedForcesandtheFARC-EPshalltemporarilyadjusttheir
staffinthefieldinordertomakethestart-upof23TLZNsand8TLPNsandtheverificationof
theBDCCH&DLAgreementviable.
f. That the Laying down of Arms process has started, as provided for in the BDCCH & DL
Agreement,wherebytheUnitedNations(UN)shallreceiveallFARC-EPweapons,whichare
tobeusedtobuildmonuments.
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2.2ProvisionofinformationintheexecutionoftheBDCCHandDL
DayD+1:
a. Adelegate(a)oftheNationalGovernmentandone(a)oftheFARC-EPshallhandovertothe
IC-MVMthecoordinatesofthelocationoftheColombianStateArmedForcesandFARC-EP
units,sothatthenecessarystepsmaybetakentoallowthesafemovementoftheFARC-EP
structurestotheTLZNsandTLPNs,monitoredandverifiedbytheMVM.
b. TheColombianStateArmedForcesreorganisesdeploymentof thetroopsto facilitatethe
movementof theFARC-EPstructures to theseZonesandPoints soas tocomplywith the
BDCCH&DLAgreement.
DayD+5:
a. TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPshallprovidetheinformationrequiredbytheIC-
MVMtoensurethemonitoringandverificationoftheprocesstomovethevariousmissions,
committeesandTacticalCombatUnits(TCU)(UnidadesTácticasdeCombate,UTC),includingthemilitiasoftheFARC-EPfronts,tothepreviouslyagreedTLZNsandTLPNs,followingthe
movementroutesestablishedbymutualagreementbetweentheNationalGovernmentand
theFARC-EP.
b. Themovement of the FARC-EP units to the TLZNs and TLPNs and the transportation of
personalweaponsstarts.ThisprocessendsnolaterthanDayD+30andshallbemonitored
andverifiedbytheMVM.
c. The FARC-EP shall provide the IC-MVM with the information that the IC-MVM deems
necessaryforthetransportation,registration,identification,monitoringandverificationof
theweaponsheld,collected,stored,removedandfinallydisposedof.
d. The FARC-EP shall handover a listwith the specific amounts and needs required for the
logistics of each TLZN and TLPN to the localMVMunit,with the aimof speeding up the
purchaseandsupplyprocessinatimelymanner.
e. OncetheFARC-EPhavebeenplacedintheTLZNsandtheTLPNs,theIC-MVMshallspecify
wherethecontainersforprotectingtheweaponsaretobeinstalled.
OnDayD+7,monitoredandverifiedbytheMVM,thetransportationofaccompanyingweapons,
weaponsofthemilitias,grenadesandammunitiontotheTLZNsandTLPNsbythemembersof
theFARC-EPstarts,subjecttoadherencetothesecurityprotocolforthetransportationofthe
weapons.ThisprocessendsondayD+30.
Theaccompanyingweapons,grenadesandammunitionwhichenter thecamps, includingthe
weaponsofthemilitias,remainintemporarygunstoresundertheresponsibilityoftheFARC-EP
untildayD+60,whentheyshallbestoredincontainersmadeavailableforthispurpose.
Day D+8, the FARC-EP shall hand over the information to the IC-MVMwith itsmembership
numbers.
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Day D+10, the FARC-EP shall hand over, the coordinates of the depots (caches) of unstable
weaponstotheIC-MVM,withthesebeinganyweaponssufferingexternaldamage:cracks,dents,
indentationsandrusting,weaponsoozingexplosivematerialandanyothersignthatmakes it
possibletodeterminethattheirtransportationmayprovedangerous,andhome-madeweapons
andexplosivesandcomponentsfortheirmanufacture,tostarttheprocesstodestroythem,in
accordancewiththecoordinatedeffortsoftheIC-MVMandtheFARC-EP,subjecttoadherence
tothesafetyprotocolsdefinedforthispurpose,whichshallbecoordinatedwiththeNational
Government.TheIC-MVMshallverifythatthisprocesshasbeencarriedout.
Thecollectionandstorageincontainersofthepersonalweaponsremaininginthepossessionof
themembersoftheFARC-EPinsidethecampsintheTLZNsandTLPNs,isdoneinsequenceand
inthreephases,asfollows:Phase1:D+90,30%;Phase2:D+120,30%;andPhase3:D+150,the
remaining40%,accordingtotheroadmap(eventstimetable)agreedbytheNationalGovernment
andtheFARC-EP,whichguidestheEndoftheConflictprocessaftersigningtheFinalAgreement.
WiththeweaponsreceivedondayD+150,theprocessofweaponremovalbytheUnitedNations
endsnolaterthandayD+180,inaccordancewiththeproceduresagreedinthismatterandit
certifiesthecompletionofthisprocess,informingtheNationalGovernmentandpublicopinion
ofthisfact.
DayD+180,theoperationoftheseZonesandtheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessation
ofHostilitiescometoaclose.
TheMVM certifies and announces each of the phases of the Laying down of Arms process
describedabove.
AlltheinformationmentionedinthisprotocolshallbehandedovertotheMVMortotheIC-
MVMinwrittenform,asappropriate,andincaseswhereitwarrants,theyshallrespondinthe
writtenform.
2.3.Disseminationandcommunication
WiththeFinalAgreementreached,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPrespectively,shall
ensurethatalltheunitsoftheColombianStateArmedForcesinvolvedintheBDCCHandDL,and
alsotheFARC-EPstructuresareinformedofthestartandcarryingoutofthisprocess.Tothis
end,allthemediarequiredtoputthiscommunicationintoeffectshallbeused.TheMVMshall
verifythatthisprocesshasbeencarriedout.
3. Timetable
AsprovidedforinAnnexF“TimetableofthepointintimeoftheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefire
andCessationofHostilitiesandLayingDownofArms”.
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ProtocolforthesectiononRULESTHATGOVERNTHEBILATERALANDDEFINITIVECEASEFIRE
ANDCESSATIONOFHOSTILITIES(BDCCH)ANDTHELAYINGDOWNOFARMS(LA)
RULES THAT GOVERN THE BILATERAL AND DEFINITIVE CEASEFIRE AND CESSATION OF
HOSTILITIES(BDCCH)ANDTHELAYINGDOWNOFARMS(LA).
• The acts described below are the main focus of the activities of the Monitoring and
VerificationMechanism(MVM).
• Therulesseektoavoidsituations thatcould jeopardise the fulfilmentof theBDCCH&LA
Agreement.
• SuchactsmustNOTbecarriedout,andtherulesseektoensurethattherightsofthecivilian
populationarenotaffected.
UnderthisAgreementtheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPundertakeNOTtoengagein
thefollowingacts:
1. Enterintoarmedcontact.
2. HinderorobstructtheworkoftheMVM.
3. Conceal information that may be material to the operation of the MVM and the
implementationoftheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
4. DeployarmedunitsandunauthorisedstaffintheTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation
(TLZNs),TransitionalLocalPointsforNormalisation(TLPNs)andSecurityZones(SZ),under
theconditionsdefinedintheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
5. Takeanyactionsthatpreventhumanitarianprotectionorassistance.
6. Usedefamatorylanguagebywhatevermedium.
7. Carryoutactsofviolenceormakeanythreatsthatcouldendangerthelivesandphysical
integrityofthecivilianpopulation,especiallyactsthataregender-based.
8. Carryoutactsthatunderminethephysicalormoralintegrityofthecounterparty.
9. CarryoutactsagainstthephysicalintegrityandsafetyofMVMstaff.
10. InterfereintheworkoftheInternationalComponentoftheMVM(IC-MVM)concerningthe
technicalproceduresfortheregistration,identification,monitoringandverificationofthe
possession,collection,storage,removalandfinaldisposaloftheFARC-EPweaponry.
11. UsetheMovementRoutes,thesetting-upofthefielddeployments,theTLZNs,theTLPNs
andtheSecurityZonesforanypurposeotherthanthoseagreedwithintheframeworkofthe
BDCCH&LAAgreement.
12. ViolatetheagreementsandprotocolsconcerningentrytoandexitfromtheTLZNsandthe
TLPNs.
13. Remain temporarily or permanently in the security zones defined previously by mutual
agreement.
14. ViolatethecommitmentsmadeundertheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
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15. Affecttherightsandfreedomsofthecivilianpopulation.
16. TheColombianStateArmedForces(whichincludeboththeMilitaryForcesandtheNational
Police)willcomplywiththeLaw,particularlyJudgmentT-455of2014handeddownbythe
ConstitutionalCourtregardingnewrecruits.Fortheirpart,theFARC-EPwillnotrecruitany
moremenorwomenintoitsranks(guerillasandmilitias).
UnderthisAgreementtheNationalGovernmentundertakesNOTtoengageinthefollowing
acts:
1. Practisediscriminationinitstreatmentofthepeopletowhomthisagreementrefers.
2. Design,planandcarryoutmilitaryflightsbelowaflightlevelof5,000feet.
3. Design,planandcarryoutoffensiveactionoperationsagainstthemembersoftheFARC-EP
(guerillas-militias)whoarecomplyingwiththeBDCCH&LAAgreement.
4. ControlthesupplyoffoodandmedicinaldrugsdestinedfortheareasdefinedintheTLZNs
andtheTLPNs.
5. AffectordamagethefacilitiessetupintheTLZNsandtheTLPNs.
6. EntertheTLZNs,TLPNsandsecurityzoneswithoutnotifyingorliaisingwiththeMVM.
7. DisseminatehostilepropagandaagainsttheFARC-EP.
8. ObstructthemovementofFARC-EPmemberstotheTLZNsandtheTLPNs.
9. ObstructthemedicalcareofFARC-EPmembers.
UnderthisagreementtheFARC-EPundertakeNOTtoengageinthefollowingacts:
1. Appeararmedandinuniformanywhereoutsidethecamps.
2. Leave the TLZNs or TLPNs without complying with the agreed security procedures for
movements.
3. Acquire,manufacture,carryortransportweapons,ammunitionandexplosivesthatarenot
authorisedundertheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
4. Interfereinthenormalperformanceofthecivil,militaryandpoliceauthorities’sduties.
5. Commit acts of destruction of or material damage to the buildings and installations,
infrastructure,governmentinstallationsandtheColumbianStateArmedForces.
6. Engageinunlawfulactivitiestofinancetheorganisation.
7. Increaseitsfightingcapacity.
8. Sellorprepareweaponscachesandsupplies.
9. ModifythenumberandlistsofindividualsandweaponsauthorisedtoremainintheCamps,
withoutjustification.
10. Violatetheagreedtechnicalprocedurefortheregistrationandstorageoftheweaponsof
the FARC-EP members who go out on peace process tasks and the FARC-EP members
assignedtotheMVM.
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ProtocolforthesectionontheDEPLOYMENTOFTHEMONITORINGANDVERIFICATION
MECHANISMoftheAgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationof
Hostilities(BDCCH)
RECRUITMENT AND DEPLOYMENT OF THE MONITORING AND VERIFICATION MECHANISM
(MVM)OFTHEBDCCH&LAAGREEMENT.
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPhaveagreedthisprotocolthatsetsoutthetimeline
fortherecruitmentanddeploymentoftheBDCCH&LAMonitoringandVerificationMechanism.
Itcoversthesetting-upofthefacilities,thetrainingofstaff,thecoordinationoftheteamsatthe
threelevelsofauthorityandthedeploymentoftheMVM.
Thefollowingtimelineidentifiesthemainactivitiesthatmustbecarriedoutinordertodeploy
theMVMintherelevantareasandheadquarters,sothattheycarryoutthefunctionslaiddown
inthemandate.
• Timeline
Day Sequenceofactivities
D-56 Definitionofregionalandnationalheadquarters.
D-35 ListsuppliedofNationalGovernmentandFARC-EPstafftobetrained.
D-30 Deploymentofsomeofthemechanism'sregional-levelunits(UN)begins.
D-25 TrainingofMVMstaffbegins.
D-20 TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPtoprovidetheIC-MVMwithdetails
oftheunitsandstructuresallocatedtothesetting-upofthefielddeployments,
theTLZNsandtheTLPNs.
D-15 Information-coordinatesoftheTLZNsandTLPNsasverifiedduringthevisits
andsuppliedbytheNegotiationTable-tobesuppliedtotheMVM.
D-12 Status reportontheTLZNsandTLPNspreparedby theGovernmentandthe
FARC-EPdeliveredtotheMVM.
D-9 Completionofmonitoringandverificationcourse.
D-8 Deploymentoflocal-levelMVMunitstosetuptheHeadquarters.
D-7 InstallationoflocalandregionalMVMHeadquarters.
D-7 Coordinationoflocalandregionalteamsbegins.
D-6 Installationofnationalheadquarters.
D FinalagreementsignedandMVMstartsoperating.
D+3 Communityoutreachforeducationonverificationandmonitoringbegins.
D+5 SecondbatchofinformationtobesuppliedtotheMVM.
Operationoffieldteams.
• Thelocal-levelunitconsistsof35people,15fromtheInternationalComponentoftheMVM,
10fromtheNationalGovernmentand10fromtheFARC-EP.Thesegroupsarelocatedineach
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of theTransitionalLocalZones forNormalisation (TLZNs)andTransitionalLocalPoints for
Normalisation(TLPNs).
• These35peoplearedividedintoteamstoperformthemonitoringfunctionsdescribedinthe
variousprotocolsoftheBDCCH&LAAgreement.Ateachheadquartersthere isateamin
chargeofcoordinatingthelocalmonitoringactivities.
• The20TLZNsand7TLPNsarelocatedin27municipalitiesand15departmentsasfollows:
Fonseca (Guajira), La Paz (Cesar), Tibú (Norte Santander), Remedios (Antioquia), Ituango
(Antioquia),Dabeiba(Antioquia),VigíadelFuerte(Antioquia),RioSucio(Chocó),TierraAlta
(Córdoba), Planadas (Tolima), Villa Rica (Tolima), Buenos Aires (Cauca), Caldono (Cauca),
Corinto(Cauca),Policarpa(Nariño),Tumaco(Nariño),PuertoAsís(Putumayo),Cartagenadel
Chairá (Caquetá), La Montañita (Caquetá), San Vicente del Caguán (Caqueta), Arauquita
(Arauca), Tame (Arauca), Mesetas (Meta), Vista Hermosa (Meta), La Macarena (Meta),
Mapiripán (Meta), Cumaribo (Vichada), San José del Guaviare 1 (Guaviare), San José del
Guaviare2,CalamarandElRetorno(Guaviare).
• At regional level there are 2 verification teams at each of the following headquarters:
Valledupar,Bucaramanga,Medellín,Quibdó,Popayán,Florencia,VillavicencioandSanJosé
delGuaviare.
• AtnationallevelthereisjustoneteamoperatingtheheadquartersofwhichareinBogota.
Thedates, timingandnumberof teamsandpeople included inthisprotocolare forplanning
purposesandmayundergochangesbymutualagreementbetweentheNationalGovernment,
theFARC-EPandtheUnitedNations.
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ProtocolforthesectiononMonitoringandVerification:FLOWOFINFORMATIONFROMTHE
MVMoftheAgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities
(BDCCH)andLayingdownofArms(LA)
FLOWOFINFORMATIONFROMTHEMONITORINGANDVERIFICATIONMECHANISM(MVM).
TheNationalGovernmentand theFARC-EPhaveagreed theprocedures forhow information
flows within the mechanism, and how internal and public reports are generated and
disseminated.
Internalreports
Internalreportsaredrawnupbythepeopleatthelocal,regionalandnationalunitlevels,and
theyarepresentedby the InternationalComponent that is in chargeof the respectiveunits.
Thesereportssetoutthe incidentsthatarise inthefieldandarehandledbytheMVM.They
include a description of the incident, the information gathered about it, an analysis of it,
information broken down by gender and a recommendation of how the incident should be
handled.Internalreportsareissuedtotheunitatthelevelabove.
Internalreportsreflectthepointsofviewofthedifferentcomponentsofeachunit.
Publicreports
PublicreportsareissuedbythenationalunitandarepreparedbythestaffoftheInternational
ComponentinliaisonwiththeNationalGovernmentandFARC-EPdelegates.Theygivedetailsof
theprogressmadeinthemonitoringandverificationprocess.Theinputsforthesepublicreports
arethemonthlystatementsofeventsdocumentedateachofthelocalandregionalunits,aswell
asthemaindevelopmentsobservedbytheMVM,andtheygiveananalysisoftheinformation
gathered.
Flowofinformationandgenerationofinternalreportsatlocal-unitlevel
At local-unit level internal reports are addressed to the regional-level verification unit. The
informationisgatheredbythemonitors,andassessedandanalysedbyallthreecomponentsof
theMVM at local-unit level. The International Component consolidates the information and
generatestheinternalreport.Thelocalunitanalysestheeventanddetermineswhetheritfalls
withinitsremit,orwhetheritshouldbereferredupforregional-levelverification.Inanycase,
thelocalMVMunitreportsalltheinformationgatheredtotheregionalunit.
Flowofinformationandgenerationofinternalreportsattheleveloftheregionalverification
unit
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At regional-unit level internal reportsareaddressed to thenational verificationunit.Whena
local-entityinternalreportreachestheregional-levelunit,thelatteranalysesit.Iftheinternal
report does not contain sufficient information, the regional verification unit asks for further
detailsfromthelocalunit;or, ifrequired, itsendsataskforceintothefieldtogatherfurther
elementsthatwillprovidethenecessaryinformation.
Once themembersof the regionalunithavecompleted theiranalysisandassessmentof the
information,theInternationalComponentconsolidatestheinternalreportandsendsittothe
nationalunit.
Flowofinformationandgenerationofinternalandpublicreportsatthelevelofthenational
verificationunit
Thenationalverificationunitpreparestwotypesofdocuments:internalandpublicreports.
a. The internal reports are sent to the representativesof theNationalGovernment and the
FARC-EP.
When a regional verification uthority internal report reaches the national unit, the latter
analysesandassessesit.Ifthereportdoesnotcontainsufficientinformation,theuniymay
request inputs from competent bodies, further details from the regional-level unit or, if
necessary, itmaysendataskforceintothefieldtoobtaintherelevantinformation.Once
thereisclarityaboutanincidentandtheinternalreporthasbeenanalysedbythemembers
of the national unit, the International Component in charge of the unit consolidates the
internalreportandissuestheappropriaterecommendationstotheNationalGovernment,
the FARC-EP, the United Nations, and other bodies committed to the BDCCH & LA
implementationprocess.
b. Thepublicreportsarepublishednationallyandinternationallyusingthechannelsestablished
bytheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.Publicreportsare issuedevery30days,or
sooner,asconsideredappropriatebythenationalunit.Onlythenationalunitmakespublic
statements.
Thenational,regionalandlocalunitsmaintainfluidandongoingcommunication,andthey
guarantee the timely flowof internal informationbetween them, forwhichpurpose they
havesufficienttechnical,administrativeandoperationalresources.
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ProtocolforthesectiononMonitoringandVerification:STRATEGICCOMMUNICATIONSof
theBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andtheLaying
downofArms(LA).
STRATEGICCOMMUNICATIONSOFTHEMONITORINGANDVERIFICATIONMECHANISM
(MVM)
This protocol sets out a standardprocedureonhow tooptimise communication actions and
products arising from the MVM activities. The document focuses efforts towards the main
audiencesofinterest:thenationalandinternationalcivilianpopulation,andthemembersofthe
NationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
Objective
TopublicisetheactivitiesoftheMVM,andanycontingenciesthatmayariseinimplementingthe
BDCCHandLAAgreement,withtheaimofkeepingnationalandinternationalpublicopinionas
fullyandtransparentlyinformedaspossible.
Bodiesandofficersinchargeofstrategiccommunications
National unit: the MVM has a team for handling strategic communications and appoints a
spokesperson from the International Component (IC-MVM)who is the person authorised to
makeofficialpublicstatementsonbehalfofthemechanism.Thiscanbearotatingappointment.
All units (national, regional and local): all levels play a role in disseminating and socialising
educational resourcesand inengaging indialoguewith thedifferentaudiences.Theyare the
visiblefaceoftheMVMindealingswiththecommunitiesandareinconstantcontactwiththe
pressandstrategiccommunicationsofficersofthevariousstateentitiesandtheFARC-EP,and
withthesocialorganisationsthathaveaconnectionwiththeMVM.
Communicationproducts
• The MVM is responsible for three types of communication products: the first is the
appropriatedisseminationofthemonthly(30days)publicreportsissuedbythenationalunit.
Itisthejobofthespokespersontodisseminatethesepublicreportsamongallthemechanism
unitsandtopublicopinion.
• The second product is educational and its purpose is to facilitate understanding of the
objectives of theMVM, its functions andworkmethodology. It is designed by theMVM
nationalunitanddisseminatedbyallthreeunits,asinstructedbythenationalunit.
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• Thethirdproductistheresultofhandlingcontingenciesandeventsorsituationsthatwarrant
commentbytheMVM.Inthesecasesitisthenationalunitspokespersonwhomakesapublic
statementonthem.
• Theseproductsmusthaveanappropriategender-basedapproach,bothintheinformation
theycontainandintheirdissemination.
Dissemination,frequencyanddurationofthestrategiccommunicationswork
Tofacilitatethedisseminationofmessages,theMVMnationalunitdefinesthechannelsthatit
considersmostappropriate.
• Themonthly(every30days)publicreportsaredisseminatedatallunitlevelsfromtheirdate
ofpublicationandduringthefollowingfortnight.
• TheeducationalproductsarecontinuouslycirculatedforaslongastheMVMisinoperation.
• Public statements resulting fromcontingenciesconcerning theoperationof theMVMare
madeasjudgedappropriatebythenationalunit.
ThestrategiccommunicationeffortswillcontinueforaslongastheMVMisinoperation.
Itisthenationalunit,throughitsspokesperson,whichmakesofficialpublicstatementsonbehalf
oftheMVM.MVMstaffatlocalandregionalunitlevelmayonlymakepublicstatementswith
theauthorisationofthenationalunit.
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ProtocolforthesectiononMonitoringandVerification:OBSERVATIONANDRECORDINGby
theMVMoftheAgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationof
Hostilities(BDCCH)andLayingdownofArms(LA).
OBSERVATION AND RECORDING BY THE MONITORING AND VERIFICATION MECHANISM
(MVM)
Monitoringobjectives
Informationplays a decisive role in theMVM;how it is obtained, gathered andprocessed is
crucial for theMechanism to performwell. Information that is wrongly obtained, biased or
unreliabledoesnotmeetthestandardrequiredforaneffectivevalidationprocess.
The main tasks of monitoring consist of observing, seeking, gathering and systematising
informationrelatingtoeventsthatconstituteaviolationoftheBDCCH&LAAgreement,orthat
representathreattoitsproperimplementation.Themonitorsdocumenteventsontheirown
initiativeorinresponsetoarequestorareportofaneventthatispresumedtobeaviolationof
orthreattotheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
Monitoringsources
Sourcescanbe:
• Directorprimarysources:thesemaybedirectconversationsorofficialreportsfromMilitary
Forces,thePolice,theFARC-EP,localauthorities,ombudspersons(personeros),theOfficeoftheOmbudsman(DefensoríadelPueblo)churches,socialleaders,civilianpopulation,socialandwomen'sorganisations,localhumanrightscommittees,NGOs,communityactionboards
(juntasdeaccióncomunal).• Secondarysources:documentsofpublicandprivateentities,complaintsorreportspublished
by social organisations and NGOs, media, surveys, academic analyses, press reports,
documentaries,newsbulletins.
Thefollowingconsiderationsapplytoinformationreceivedfromdirectsources:
• Enquiriesinvolvingpeoplefromthepopulation,unitsandpublicservantsarevoluntary;the
interviewee'sappearancebeforethemonitorsmustnotbeconsideredanadministrativeor
judicialformality.Atnotimemayamonitorrequirethepresenceofcitizensorlocalunits.
• Cases in whichmembers of the Colombian State Armed Forces (which include both the
MilitaryForcesand theNationalPolice)or theFARC-EPdonotwish togive themonitors
informationshouldbereported.
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• Inallcasestheidentityofthesourceisconfidentialandmayonlyberevealedwiththeexplicit
consentofthepersonconcerned,followingtheprocedurelaiddownforthispurposebythe
nationalunit.
Ongoingtasksofmonitors
Observationisanongoingtaskformonitors.Whenfacedwithanactionthatissuspectedtobe
aviolationoftheBDCCH&LAAgreement,theprocedureforrecording,analysingandpreparing
reportsisactivated.
Themonitorsprepareadailyfieldlogwhichcontains:
• Arecordofthedates,keydetails,numberandstatusofenquirieswithdirectandsecondary
sources.
• Field observations for subsequent verification, in accordance with the various MVM
protocols,including:theRulesthatGoverntheBDCCH&LAAgreement,securitymeasures,
deploymentsinthefieldandlogisticissues.
• Difficultiesofculturalorregionaladaptation.
• Themonitor'sviewoftheday'sobservations.
Thelocalunitcarriesoutthefollowingadministrativeandoperationalsupporttasks:
• It provides technical, logistic and technological resources with which to perform the
monitoringtasks.
• Itsupervisesthecompletionofthemonitors'recordslips.
• Itcoordinatesthedailymeetingsforplanningandassessingthemonitors'work.
• Itcompilesandissuesearlywarnings.
• It has specially trained monitors among its staff for receiving and analysing information
relating to violence againstwomen or against LGBTI individuals and, in particular, sexual
violence.
TasksofmonitorswhenfacedwithactswhichtheysuspectareinviolationoftheBDCCH&LA
Agreement
WhenreviewinganeventthatsuggestsaviolationoftheBDCCH&LAAgreement,itisassumed
thattheremaybedifferentsourcesandversionsofinformation,andthereforetheaspectsabout
whichthedetailsagreeanddifferarecollated.
InresponsetoasuspectedincidentorviolationoftheAgreement,thelocalmonitoringunits:
• RecordtheeventsinaccordancewiththeproceduresdefinedbytheMVMnationalunit.
• Makethenecessaryenquiriesandinvestigationsinthefield.
• Comparesourcesandversions.
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• Analysetheinformationgatheredabouttheevents.
Aspartof theirduties, themonitorscompletean information record form (seeRecord form,
below).
Recordform:
Formdescriptivedetails
Formcode
Local
headquarters
Monitor'sname
Source1 Source2 Source3 Assessment of
information
Sourcecode
Typeofsource
Sex
Witness
Description and
circumstances of
events
Parties allegedly
involved
Approximate
dateofevent
Approximate
timeofevent
Preliminary
classification of
thefacts
Handling of
information
MONITOR'SVIEWOFEVENT:
Recordformdefinitions
ROWS
• Form descriptive details: form code (unique record identifier); local headquarters
(geographicallocationoftheheadquarters);nameofmonitors.
• Sourcecode: unique identificationnumberof source; typeof source (director secondary
sources);sex;witness(whetherornotthesourcewasaneyewitness).
• Descriptionandcircumstancesofevents: anaccount,which isas faithfulaspossibleand
containsnointerpretationbythemonitor,oftheeventsexactlyasexpressedbythesource.
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Careshouldbetakentoincludethebasicquestionsoftheinformation:who;whatdidthey
do,orwhathappened;towhom(thoseallegedlyaffected);withwhat;when;andhow?Itis
unlikelythattherewillbeananswertothequestion“Why?”(anaspectthathastodowith
the internal intentions andmotivations of the perpetrator). However, if it is possible to
identify this aspect in the source's account, it should be noted. The following details are
extracted fromthis information forbetter tabulation:partiesallegedly involved,dateand
timeoftheevent.
• Preliminaryassessmentofthefacts:thisisthemonitor'sassessmentastowhethertheact
or action observed constitutes an alleged incident or violation of the Agreement. It is
tabulatedwithoptionssuchas:informationthatpredominantlysuggeststhattherehasbeen
aviolationoftheRulesthatgoverntheBDCCH&LAAgreement;informationthatprovides
evidenceofaviolationbutdoesnotconfirmit;informationthatrequiresfurtherreviewand
cross-checking;basicinformationwithoutanymajorsignificance;informationthatindicates
thattheactdoesnotconstituteaviolationoftheBDCCHbutrequiresasecondassessment;
informationthatclearlyindicatesthattheactisnotaviolationoftheBDCCH.
• Handlingofinformation:thedecisiontakenorthetreatmentgiventothesource:nottaken
intoaccount;includedintheinternalreport;mustbecheckedagainstanothersource.
• Monitor'sview:this isanelaborationontheinformationrecordedabouttheeventunder
analysis.
COLUMN:
• Asmanycolumnsareincludedasarerequiredforthenumberofsourcesconsulted.
• Assessment box: this is the assessment of the quality of the information including how
completeandreliableitis.Itcanbetabulatedas:fullandreliableinformation;incomplete
and reliable information; unreliable information; information that has not been cross-
checked,newsource(thefirsttimecontacthasbeenmadewithit);anonymoussource(itis
notknownwhosuppliedtheinformation).
Stepstobefollowedandinstructions:
• Enquiriesshouldpreferablybecarriedout inthepresenceofall threecomponentsofthe
MVM.However,peoplebeinginterviewedbythemechanismcanasktospeakwithanyone
ofitscomponentsseparately.
• Aneffortshouldbemadetohaveatleasttwosourcesofinformation.Oncetheinformation
hasbeenenteredintheRecordform,thelocalMVMunitmakesaninitialassessmentofthe
event.
Ifthisinitialassessmentisnotconclusive,oritisnotsharedbyalltheteammembers,the
International Component of the local unit requests a further alternative source that can
providemoretoolsforanalysis.
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• Themonitors take noteswhile interviewing a direct source and endeavour to remain as
faithfulaspossibletotheresponseand interpretationbeinggivenbythe interviewee.No
recordingsoftheconversationmaybemade.Themonitorsmustavoidincludingtheirown
views,interpretationsandtheories.
• Incaseswherethereisonlyonesource(e.g.aneyewitness),thelocalunitcarriesoutamore
thorough inspection in the field and looks for additional sources of information. If no
additionalsourcesarefound,theeventisrecordedas"informationthathasnotbeencross-
checked"inthesourceassessmentcolumn.
• AttheendoftheinterviewtheinformationgatheredistransferredtotheRecordform.
• TheRecordformsmustbecompletedinfull,theinformationtheycontainmustbeasprecise
and clear as possible, and a summarymust be given of themost significant information
gathered.
Analysisoftheinformation
Oncetheinformationhasbeengatheredthekeydetailssuppliedarecross-checked.Itmustbe
remembered that the information is generally incomplete and imperfect, not all sources of
informationgivethesameaccountofthesameevent.Thisresultsindifferencesinhowthesame
eventisperceivedandinterpreted,andthereforetheanalysisoftheinformationrecordedmust
bemeticulous.
Thetasksofthemonitorsinanalysingtheinformationare:
• ToanalysethedatacollectedinthefieldworktakingasareferencetheRulesthatgovernthe
BDCCHandotherprotocolsoftheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
• To ensure that the information is as complete as possible by having appropriate
communicationskillsandobtainingmultiplesourcesofinformation.
• Toensurethattheinformationisrelevant,thattheversionsoftheeventsareasclosetothe
experience of each person as possible, and avoid asking biased, leading or tendentious
questions.
Dataanalysisinvolves:reducingdatatokeyinformation;arrangingandprocessingdatasothat
theyarecomparableandsystematisable;reachingandreviewingconclusions.
Once thisprocesshasbeencompletedand ithasbeendeterminedwhether theeventunder
analysisisanincidentoraviolationoftheBDCCH&LAAgreement,theinternalreportisdrawn
upinformingtheregionalverificationunitoftheeventsanalysedandconclusionsreachedbythe
localunit(seeFlowofInformationProtocol).
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ProtocolforthesectiononMonitoringandVerification:COORDINATIONOFTHEMVMforthe
AgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)and
LayingdownofArms(LA)
Coordination of the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism (MVM) by the International
Component
JointCommuniquéNo.65of19January2016statesthat the internationalcomponentof the
MVM“willpresideoverandcoordinatethemechanismatalllevels,settlecontroversies,make
recommendationsandsubmitreports”.Likewise,SecurityCouncilResolution2261(2016)of25
January2016establishestheMissionoftheUnitedNations“astheinternationalcomponentand
coordinatorofthetripartitemechanism”.
Theinternationalcomponentprovidesthiscoordinationthroughasysteminwhicheachofthe
threecomponentsoftheMVMhasitsownchainofcommand.Thegovernmentalcomponent
reportstotheNationalGovernment;theFARC-EPcomponentreportstoitsownSecretariat;and
theinternationalcomponentreportstotheUNSecretary-GeneralthroughtheHeadoftheUN
MissioninColombiaandultimatelytotheUNSecurityCouncil.
The MVM’s National Steering Group comprises a Head and an Assistant Head for each
component.TheSteeringGroupisresponsibleforjointmanagementoftheMechanism,under
thecoordinationoftheinternationalcomponent.Thefunctionsofsettlingcontroversies,making
recommendations and international verification of compliancewith commitments under the
BDCCH&LAAgreementaretheresponsibilityoftheinternationalcomponent.
In this context, the coordinating powers and duties of the international component at local,
regionalandnationallevelincludethefollowing:
Meetingsanddecision-making
Attherequestofthenationalcomponents(NationalGovernmentandFARC-EP),oratitsown
initiative,theinternationalcomponentshallcalltripartitemeetings.
Toensurethatmeetingsareproductive,thecoordinatorshallpreparetheagendainconsultation
withtheothercomponentsandsubmitittothemforapproval.
Thecoordinatorshallmoderatethediscussions.
The internationalcomponentcoordinatorshalldrafttheconclusionsanddecisionsreached in
the meeting, submit them to the Steering Group (tripartite) for formal approval, and
subsequentlycommunicatetheapprovedconclusionstothepartiesconcerned.
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The internationalcomponentcoordinatorshallberesponsible fordrafting theminutesof the
meetingsandshallsubmitthemtotheSteeringGroupforapproval.Copiesoftheminutesshall
bedistributedtoeachcomponent.
Preparationofreports
TheinternationalcomponentcoordinatorshallpreparedraftreportsontheMVM’sactivitiesat
local,regionalandnationallevel;shallincorporatecommentsandobservationsfrommembers
ofthelocal,regionalandnationalteams,respectively;shallsubmitthereportsforapprovalby
thecomponentsintheSteeringGroupsofthecorrespondingunit;andshallforwardthemtothe
corresponding recipients. Any unresolved discrepancies between the components shall be
referredtothenexthigherlevelinordertofindasolution.
Operationalplanning
Theinternationalcomponentcoordinatorshalldraftproposalsfortheoperationalplanningof
howtheMVMteamswillbedeployed,andpresenttheseproposalsforconsiderationtotheother
components of theMechanism in the Steering Group. It shall then conduct the appropriate
consultations inorder tomakeanynecessaryadjustments,andpresent theproposedplanof
actiontotheothercomponentsoftheSteeringGroupforapproval;followingapprovalitshall
communicatetheplantoallthoseconcernedsothatitmaybeimplemented.
Eachunitoftheinternationalcomponentshallcoordinateandverifycompliancewiththesecurity
procedureestablishedforFARC-EPmembersexitingthecampsaspartofthepeaceprocess,at
bothnationalandregionallevels,inrelationtotheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
Theinternationalcomponentshallhavealltheresourcesitrequiressothatitmayfulfilitsrole
ascoordinatoroftheMVMinaneffectivemanner.
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ProtocolforthesectiononMonitoringandVerification:CODEOFCONDUCTFORTHE
MEMBERSOFTHEMVMfortheAgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireand
CessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLayingdownofArms(LA)
CODEOFCONDUCTFORTHEMEMBERSOFTHEMVMDURINGTHEBILATERALANDDEFINITIVE
CEASEFIREANDCESSATIONOFHOSTILITIES(BDCCH-LA)
TheMonitoringandVerificationMechanism (MVM) is comprisedof representatives fromthe
National Government, the FARC-EP and the United Nations (UN), including international
observers,inparticularmembercountriesoftheCommunityofLatinAmericanandCaribbean
States(CELAC).
FortheNationalGovernment,fortheFARC-EPandforthepeopleofColombia,theMVMserves
asaguaranteethatthecommitmentsmadeundertheBDCCH&LAAgreementwillbekept.
ThetripartitestructureoftheMVMfacilitatesthesettlingofanycontroversiesandincidentsthat
may arise during implementation of the BDCCH& LA Agreement; cooperation and effective
communicationbetweenthemembersoftheMechanismwillstrengthenthetrustbetweenthe
UN,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPtoconsolidatethepeaceprocess.
Withtheseresponsibilitiesinmind,thecodesofconducttobeappliedtomembersofeachparty
inthecomponentoftheMVMmustmeettheexpectationsheldbytheColombianpeopleand
theinternationalcommunityasregardstoouractionsandbehaviour.
The following code of conduct formembers of all three components of theMVM has been
establishedbymutualagreement:
Weshallatalltimes:
• Behaveinaprofessionalanddisciplinedmanner;
• StrivetounderstandandfulfilthemandateoftheMVManditsprotocols;
• Actobjectively,withintegrityandtact;
• RespectothermembersoftheMVM,regardlessoftheirstatus,rank,ethnicityornationality,
genderorcreed;
• Supportandpromoterelationshipsoftrustbetweenourcolleagues;
• Takecareofourpersonalappearanceandensurewearewellpresented;
• AdministerasappropriatethepropertyandbudgetassignedtousasmembersoftheMVM;
• Respectthelaws,customsandtraditions,cultureandreligionofthepeoplelivingintheareas
inwhichwework;
• Interactwiththepopulation,particularlywithvictimsandpersonsaffectedbytheconflict,
withtheutmostrespect,courtesyandconsideration;
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• Respectgenderequality,bothwithinandoutsidetheMVM;
• Condemnallactsorthreatsofsexualexploitation,violenceandabuse;
• Whilstcarryingoutourduties,takecaretoavoidharmingtheenvironment;
• Besupportiveoftheothermembersoftheworkinggroupandsympathetictothecivilian
population.
Weshallundernocircumstances:
• HarmthereputationoftheMVMthroughunacceptablepersonalacts,non-compliancewith
dutiesorabuseofourpositionasmembersofthetripartitemechanism;
• Consumealcoholicbeveragesinexcess,ortakedrugs;
• Cause intentionaldamagetopropertyorequipmentprovided for theperformanceofour
work,orusetheminappropriately;
• Enterintocommunicationswithexternalorganisations,includingmakingpressstatements,
withoutpriorauthorisation;
• Discloseormakeinappropriateuseofinformationobtainedwhilstcarryingoutourwork;
• Behaveinanarrogantordiscourteousmanner;
• Participateinillegal,dishonestorinappropriateactivities;
• Useourpositionforpersonalgain;
• Commitactsofgender-basedviolence,includingsexualexploitationorabuse,orhavesexual
relationswiththoseunder18yearsofage,oroffermoney,employment,goodsorservicesin
exchangeforsexualrelations;
• Intentionallycausedamagetoortakepropertybelongingtothecivilianpopulation.
Weacknowledgethatfailuretoobservetheseguidelinesmay:
• Jeopardisethefulfilmentofourmission;
• EntaillossofstatusasamemberoftheMVM;and
• Resultinadministrative,disciplinaryorpenalmeasuresbeingtaken.
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ProtocolforthesectiononMonitoringandVerification:SETTLEMENTOFCONTROVERSIESfor
theAgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)
andLayingdownofArms(LA).
GUIDELINESFORTHESETTLEMENTOFCONTROVERSIESUNDERTHEBDCCH&LAAGREEMENT
BETWEENTHENATIONALGOVERNMENTANDTHEFARC-EP
A.MANAGEMENTOFTHECEASEFIREANDLAYINGDOWNOFARMS
The primary objective of theMonitoring and VerificationMechanism (MVM) is to provide a
guaranteethattheAgreementontheCeasefireandCessationofHostilitiesandLayingdownof
Armswillbefulfilled,bothfortheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPandforthepeopleof
Colombia.
AspartoftheirmonitoringandverificationdutiestheMVMteamswillencounterincidentsofall
kinds,whichmayormaynotberelevantfromthepointofviewofverifyingthecommitments
made. As far as such incidents and the response from theMVM teams are concerned, it is
importantthatallthreecomponentsfollowthesamecriteria.Thefollowingsectionprovidesa
classification of the different kinds of incidents that may be encountered in order to assist
membersoftheMVMinperformingtheirmonitoringandverificationduties.
Irrelevantincidents
WithintheTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)andTransitionalLocalPointsfor
Normalisation(TLPNs)inwhichtheMVMoperates,incidentsmayarisewhichhavenobearing
onthefulfilmentornon-fulfilmentoftheagreementsbutmaystillrequirearesponsefromthe
MVM.
This is typicallythecasewithanyaccidentsoremergencies,medicalorotherwise,thataffect
residents of the local area. These are not covered by the MVM’s mandate. However, the
membersof theMVMhaveahumanitarianduty tohelp resolve these situations,as faras is
possible.
Relevantincidents
I.Non-compliancesthatdonotconstituteviolations:
Relevantincidentsarethosethatconstitutenon-complianceswiththecommitmentsmadeinthe
Agreement.However,notallnon-compliancesnecessarily representconsciousanddeliberate
violationsoftheAgreement.
Inthisrespect,therearethreekindsofsituationthattheMVMteamsmayencounter:
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a. Non-compliancescausedbytechnicalproblemsorotherkindsofissuesthatarebeyondthe
controloftheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
• Forexample:Failuretocomplywithadeadlineformovementduetoalogisticalproblem;
entering a restricted area as a result of becoming lost; human error in the registering of
weapons,etc.
b. Non-compliancescausedbyinsufficientcommunicationbetweencommandingofficersand
subordinates.Inparticular,despitetheeffortseachpartyhasadutytomaketoensureall
theirforcescorrectlyunderstandtheirobligationsundertheAgreementsanditsprotocols,
at the start of the Ceasefire process it is possible that subordinatesmay unintentionally
commitnon-complianceswiththeAgreement.
c. There isalsoapossibilityatthestartoftheprocessthatnon-compliancesmayoccurasa
result of the parties’ different interpretations of certain commitments, which were not
identifiedandsettledattheNegotiationTablebutwhichmaterialiseinpractice.Thesecases
shalllikewisenotbeheldtoconstitutedeliberateviolationsofthecommitments.
II.Non-compliancesthatconstituteviolations
Anynon-compliancethatiscommittedconsciouslyanddeliberatelyconstitutesaviolation.
Thepointofreferencefor identifyingsituationsthat involvemajorconsequencesshallbethe
deathofoneormorepersonsortheuseofweaponsagainstoneoftheparties.
Violationsthemselvesmaybebrokendownintotwocategories:
a. Moderateviolations,whichmeetthefollowingcriteria:
• Committedbysingleindividuals;
• Committedbysubordinatesontheirowninitiative;
• Exceptional;
• Havingminorconsequences;
b. Seriousviolations,whichhaveoneormoreofthefollowingcharacteristics:
• Committedbygroups;
• Committedbypersonsholdingpositionsofcommand;
• Repeatedorsystematic;
• Havingmajorconsequences.
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III.ResponsesoftheMVM:
The MVM has a duty to respond without delay to all non-compliances, whether they are
unintentionalordeliberate,andmoderateorserious,dependingontheirnature.Theresponse
musttakethefollowingtwoforms:
a. Asapriority,wheneverpossible,implementanyone-timealleviatingmeasuresthatmaybe
necessarytomeetthecommitmentnotcompliedwith,whetherthiswasduetotechnical
reasons, lack of communication, divergence of interpretation, a moderate violation or a
seriousviolation.
b. Implementorpromotecorrectivemeasuresoveralongerterminordertoaddressthecauses
ofthenon-compliance.Inparticular:
• Fornon-compliances resulting from technical or logistical problems, theMVMmust itself
make the necessary arrangements, or recommend these arrangements to the parties, to
ensurethatthesetechnicalproblemsdonotrecur.
• Fornon-compliancesresultingfromalackofcommunicationbetweencommandingofficers
andsubordinates,theMVMmustputpressureonthecommandingofficersinquestion,or
itselftakeaction,toensurethatinformationandcommunicationregardingtheAgreement
anditsprotocolsreachesallmembersoftheforces,intheareaswhereitisdeployed.
• For non-compliances resulting from differences in interpretation, theMVMmust, either
directlyorthroughotherunitswiththeinvolvementoftheparties,resolvethesedifferences
in interpretation, generally by encouraging study of the agreements and adopting new
regulations.ItisofparticularurgencyfortheMVMatnationalleveltosettleanydifferences
causedbyambiguitiesinthetextoftheagreementsandprotocolsorbyotherissuesthatmay
arise.
B.SETTLEMENTOFCONTROVERSIES
Inaccordancewith JointCommuniquéNo.65ofHavana,19 January2016, the settlementof
controversiesisoneoftheresponsibilitiesoftheInternationalComponentoftheMVM.Oneof
thekeymeritsoftheMVM’stripartitestructureisthatitispossibleforbothGovernmentand
FARC-EP representatives to analyse and evaluate incidents together with the international
component,havingallthefactsandcircumstancesinwhichsuchincidentsarisedirectlyavailable
tothem.
Furthermore,itmayprovedifficultforthemembersoftheinternationalcomponentoftheMVM,
which represents both parties, to assess the facts in the samemanner, regardless ofwho is
involvedandwhoisaffectedbythosefacts.
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Therefore, starting from the stage of monitoring in the field, and particularly in situations
involving disagreement between the observers from the parties, it is important for the
internationalobservertolookbeyondthedescriptionoftheincidentandfocusonaseriesofkey
questionsconcerningthecircumstancesandscopeoftheincident:
a. DoestheincidenthaveanybearingonthefulfilmentoftheAgreementanditsprotocols,and
ifsowhichcommitmentsareaffected?
b. If the incident constitutesanon-compliance,do the circumstances indicate that thenon-
compliancewasdeliberate,orunintentional?
c. Ifthenon-compliancewasunintentional,whatfactorscauseditandwhatactioncanbetaken
toensurethesefactorsarenotrepeated?
d. Ifthenon-compliancewasdeliberate,whatisthenatureoftheviolation?(Wasitcommitted
byanindividual,orbyagroup;wasitcommittedbysubordinatesnotactingunderorders,or
by commanding officers; was it exceptional, or systematic; andwas its impactmajor, or
minor,asregardsfulfilmentoftheAgreement?)
Withthesepointsclarified,theinternationalobserverwillbeinapositiontodeterminethelevel
ofconsensusbetweenthepartiesasregardstheincident.Inmostcases,therewillbeaconsensus
within the local team of theMVM.Where differences still remain, these shall above all be
considered in relation to how severe the violation is found to be. In order to settle these
differences in assessment, the local teams shall refer their report to the regional unit. If the
differencesarestillunresolvedbytheregionalunit,saidunitshallreferthereporttothenational
unitwhichshallgiveafinalrulingonthematter.
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ProtocolforthesectiononMonitoringandVerification:MANDATEOFTHEMVMforthe
AgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)and
LayingdownofArms(LA)
MANDATEOF THEMONITORING AND VERIFICATIONMECHANISM (MVM) FOR THE BDCCH
AGREEMENTANDMANDATEOFTHEINTERNATIONALCOMPONENTOFTHEMVM(IC-MVM)
FORTHELAYINGDOWNOFARMS,BETWEENTHENATIONALGOVERNMENTANDTHEFARC-EP
The National Government and the FARC-EP agree to set up theMonitoring and Verification
Mechanism(MVM)fortheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH),
andproposefunctionstotheInternationalComponentoftheMVMasregardstheverificationof
theLayingdownofarms,asenshrinedinthe“GeneralAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictand
BuildaStableandLastingPeace”of26August2012andinaccordancewiththeAgreementon
theBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilitiesandLayingdownofArms.
This mechanism will be set in motion following the conditions defined by the National
GovernmentandtheFARC-EP.Thefollow-upoftheMVMisagreeduponbetweentheNational
GovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
Purposeandscope
To monitor compliance with the Agreement on the Bilateral and Definitive Ceasefire and
CessationofHostilitiesandLayingdownofArmsand to resolve thevarious factors thatmay
endangertheBDCCH&LA;tocoordinaterecommendationstotheNationalGovernmentandthe
FARC-EPintheeventofanyviolationsorincidentsconcerningtheaforementionedAgreement.
TheLayingdownofArmsshallbeverifiedbytheInternationalComponentoftheMVM(IC-MVM)
under the terms and with the appropriate guarantees laid down in the protocols of the
Agreement.
TheMVMshall identifyandexamine, impartially,any facts indicatinganon-compliancewith,
threattoorviolationofthecommitmentssetoutbytheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP
inrelationtotheRulesthatgoverntheBDCCH,theDeploymentsintheFieldandthesecurity
measures,onthebasisoftheBDCCH&LAAgreementanditsannexesandprotocols;andinform
theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPoftheoutcomeofitswork.
ThemonitoringandverificationfunctionsshallbeperformedacrossallunitsoftheMVM.The
regionalandnationalunitsshallfocusonverificationandthelocalunitshallbeconcernedwith
monitoring.
TheMVM shall commence its activities once the Final Agreement has been signed and shall
operate for a period of 12months, whichmay be extended at the request of the National
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GovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
TheMVM shall be unarmed and shall enjoy full security guarantees in accordancewith the
provisionsoftherespectiveprotocols.
Generalguidelinesandprinciples
TheMVM shall act under the principles of respect and of impartiality in its procedures and
recommendations,andundertheprinciplesoftransparencyinperformingitsworkandofnon-
discriminationofeverykind.
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPshallcommittocooperatingwiththeMVM,inorder
toensurefreedomofmovementforthemembersoftheMVMandtoprovideandfacilitatesite
accessassetoutintheBDCCH&LAAgreement,sothattheymaycarryouttheirdutiessafely
andeffectively.
CompositionoftheMVM
ThemechanismismadeupofmenandwomenfromtheNationalGovernment,theFARC-EPand
theInternationalComponent(IC-MVM).
Theinternationalcomponent(IC-MVM)isapoliticalmissionoftheUN,comprisedbyunarmed
observersfrommembercountriespredominantlyoftheCELAC.Itshallpresideinallinstancesof
theMVMand is taskedwith settlingcontroversies,making recommendationsandsubmitting
reports, according to the present mandate which it has been granted for the purpose of
guaranteeingandbringingimpartialityandtransparencytotheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
TheMVMconsistsofanationalunit,eightregionalunits,andlocalmonitoringunitsdeployedin
eachoftheTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)andTransitionalLocalPointsfor
Normalisation(TLPNs)establishedbytheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
The National unit includes a steering group composed of two international delegates, two
delegates from theNationalGovernmentand twodelegates from theFARC-EP. TheNational
Governmentdelegatesshallconsistofonecivilianrepresentativeandonerepresentativeforthe
ColombianStateArmedForces(whichincludeboththeMilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice).
TheinternationaldelegatesshallbemadeknowntothepartiesbytheUnitedNationsSpecial
RepresentativeoftheSecretary-GeneralforColombia.Thenumberofmembersofthenational
unit shall be determined in line with administrative, logistical and operational needs. Its
headquartersareinthecityofBogotá,althoughsessionsmaybeheldinothercities.
TheregionalunitsoftheMVMincludeasteeringgroupcomposedoftwointernationaldelegates,
andtwodelegateseachfromtheNationalGovernmentandfromtheFARC-EP.Thenumberof
members of the regional unit shall be determined in line with administrative, logistical and
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operational needs. The regional units shall bebased in the followingeight cities:Valledupar,
Bucaramanga,Medellín,Quibdó,Florencia,Villavicencio,PopayánandSanJosédelGuaviare.
ThelocalunitsoftheMVMincludeasteeringgroupcomposedoftwointernationaldelegates,
twodelegatesfromtheNationalGovernmentandtwodelegatesfromtheFARC-EP;thenumber
of members of the local unit shall be determined in line with administrative, logistical and
operationalneeds,anddependingonthecharacteristicsofthearea,thenumberofpeopletobe
monitored,thetopographyandtheriskfactorsineachoftheTLZNsandTLPNs.
ThelocalunitsshallbebasedneartotheTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)and
TransitionalLocalPointsforNormalisation(TLPNs).
The MVM’s internal regulations shall be established by the National unit once its activities
commence.EachcomponentoftheMVMmaymakestaffalterationswhennecessary.
TheMVMshallinteractwithcommunities,socialandpoliticalorganisationsandstateinstitutions
atlocal,regionalandnationallevels,astheymaycontributetoitsworkbyprovidinginformation,
byassistinginraisingpublicawarenessofitsreportsandbymakingproposalsandsuggestions.
FunctionsoftheNationalUnit
a. Toensurethemonitorsandverifiersaredeployedatthetimesandintheareassetoutin
theBDCCH&LAAgreement.
b. Tocoordinatethemechanismatnationallevel,andoverseetheactivitiesoftheregionaland
localunitstoensurecorrectinternaloperationoftheMVMacrossallunits.
c. Toexamineandverifyanyfactsindicatingnon-compliancewiththeBDCCH&LAAgreement
anditscorrespondingprotocolsandannexes.TheIC-MVMofthenationalunitshallverify
theLayingdownofArmsprocess.
d. To settle cases inwhich the components of theMVM disagree, in order to suggest the
corresponding recommendations, a function that remains the responsibility of the
InternationalComponent.
e. Toverifytheaccuracyofreportsreceivedfromtheregionalunits,andfromcommunities,
civil units and other sources of information at national and regional level, concerning
presumedviolationsoforthreatstotheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
f. Toguidetheregionalunitinitsverificationoffactsconstitutingpresumedviolationsofor
threatstotheBDCCH&LAAgreement,andtherecommendationsfromthenationalunit.
g. To keep the National Government and the FARC-EP informed and to receive
recommendationsissuedbytheformer,inrelationtoitsmonitoringandverificationmission.
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h. Tosupporttheactivities,functionsanddesignofanynewprotocolsandannexesthatthe
NationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPmaycreateaspartofitsmonitoringandverification
tasks,andtoproduceanynewprotocolsandannexesitdeemsnecessaryforthefulfilment
ofitsfunctions.
i. Toundertakethetasksofstrategiccommunicationtothepublicatnationallevelandtoguide
theregionalandlocalunitsinanyaspectsthatmaybenecessary,maintainingthestanceof
themechanismanditstransparency.
j. ToreceiveallinformationrelevanttotheBDCCH&LAAgreementthatmaybesuppliedtoit
bytheNationalGovernment,theFARC-EPandothersources,ensuringsuchinformationis
adequatelyprotectedandfiled.
k. TofulfilanyotherdutiesthatmaybeassignedtoitintheFinalAgreement,bytheNational
GovernmentandtheFARC-EP,takingaccountofthemandateoftheIC-MVM.
l. TopresentaconsolidatedreportonitsactivitiestotheNationalGovernment,theFARC-EP
andthepublicevery30days.
FunctionsoftheRegionalUnit
a. Itsfunctionistoanalyse,evaluateandverifytheaccuracyofthefactsrecordedinthereports
receivedfromthelocalunits, inwhichthecircumstances,causesandcontextofthefacts
underexaminationaredescribed;toresolvedifferencesandissueanyrecommendationsit
maydeemnecessaryforthelocalunitstoimplement.
b. Intheeventthatanincidentgoesbeyondtheremitoftheregionalunit,thelattershallsend
thereporttothenationalverificationunit.
c. Theregionalverificationunitshallproduceinternalreportsattherequestofthenational
unit,whichreportsshallincludethosefactsunderexaminationwhichithasreceived,and
theoutcomesandsuggestionsitconsidersappropriate.
d. Theregionalunitmaycarryoutorsuperviseoccasionalworkinthefieldwhen,owingtothe
complexityofthematterinquestion,thelocalunitrequiressupportfromregionalverifiers.
e. To perform tasks of dissemination and communication, as set out in the strategic
communicationsprotocol,maintainingthestanceofthemechanismaswellasitslegitimacy
andtransparency.
f. Toguidethelocalunitsintheirverificationoffactsconstitutingpresumedviolationsofor
threatstotheBDCCH&LAAgreement,andtherecommendationsfromthenationalunit.
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FunctionsoftheLocalMonitoringUnit
a. To observe, gather, record and analyse information on the ground in relation to the
fulfilmentof theBDCCH&LAAgreementby theNationalGovernmentand theFARC-EP,
withinitsremit.
b. ToobserveandconfirmmovementsonthegroundbytheColombianStateArmedForces
andtheFARC-EP,inlinewithadjustmentstothenumbersofpersonneldeployedinthefield,
aswell asmovements of the FARC-EPunits to the TLZNs and TLPNs as stipulated in the
BDCCH&LAAgreement.
c. TocoordinatewiththoseresponsiblefortheoperationoftheTLZNsandTLPNsandtheir
securitysoastoensurethatthemechanism’sfunctionsareimplementedcorrectly.
d. TodrawtheattentionoftheregionalunittomattersthatmayjeopardisetheBDCCH&LA
AgreementintheTLZNsandtheTLPNsconcerned.
e. TheInternationalComponentoftheMVM(IC-MVM)shallmonitorandcarryoutcheckson
thepossessionofarmsbymembersoftheFARC-EP.
f. Toperformtasksofstrategiccommunicationwiththe localpeopleregardinganyaspects
thatmaybenecessary,inaccordancewiththestrategiccommunicationsprotocol.
g. ToensurethatanyonewishingtomakeacomplaintnotwithintheMVM’sremitisreferred
totherelevantunits.
h. To comply with all instructions and recommendations received from the regional and
nationalunits.
AllunitsoftheMVMareunderadutytocoordinatelogisticallywiththeNationalGovernmentto
ensurethatsuppliesandmaintenancearereceivedfortheMVM.
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ProtocolandAnnexestothesectiononDEPLOYMENTSINTHEFIELDANDZONESinthe
AgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)and
LayingdownofArms(LA)
OperationoftheTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)andtheTransitionalLocal
Points for Normalisation (TLPNs) and adjustments to the deployment in the field of the
ColombianStateArmedForces.
Thisprotocollaysdownthecriteriaforensuringtheappropriatedeploymentinthefieldofthe
ColombianStateArmedForces(whichincludeboththeMilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice)
and for theoperationof the20Transitional Local Zones forNormalisation (TLZNs)and the7
Transitional Local Points for Normalisation (TLPNs) established for the FARC-EP during the
BilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLayingdownofArms
(LA)undertheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
EachTLPNwillhaveacamp,asecurityzoneof500metresto1km,areceptionareaandalocal
MVMbaseoutsidethesecurityzone.ThesizeoftheTLPNswillreflectthenatureoftheterrain,
theamountofwaterandthenumberofFARC-EPmemberstobelocatedthere.
For the purposes of this protocol, the term TLPNswill be used to refer to the seven points
establishedundertheBDCCH&LAAgreement,inordertodifferentiatethemfromthetypeof
camptobefoundwithintheTLZN.
The TLZNs are territorial-based areas that are temporary, transitional, defined, framed and
agreedinadvance.Theirboundariescoincidewiththeboundariesoftheruralsettlementswhere
theyarelocated.Theymaybeextendedorreducedinsizebymutualagreement,dependingon
thesettlementwheretheyarelocated.Theyareofareasonablesizethatallowsformonitoring
and verificationby theMVM,and they are surroundedby a 1 km security zone. The criteria
governingtheTLZNsaredefinedasfollows:
• Temporary:TheZonesandtheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities
willceaseoperationondayD+180.
• Transitory:thepurposeoftheTLZNsandTLPNsistoensurecompliancewiththeBDCCH&
LA, to enable compliance to be verified, to begin the process of drawing up for the
reincorporationoftheFARC-EPstructuresintoeconomicandpoliticallifeandintosocietyin
awaythatmeetstheirneeds,toenablethemtomakethetransitiontolegality,andtoenable
theagreementstobegintobeimplemented.
• Defined:inaccordancewithagreedcriteriaandspecificobjectives,whichincludefacilitation
oflogisticsandenablingmonitoringandverificationbytheMVM.
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• Agreed in advance: they are selected by mutual agreement between the National
Government and the FARC-EP, the aim being to ensure that they satisfy the conditions
requiredinordertoachievetheirintendedobjectives.
ThecriteriaandobjectivesusedtoestablishtheTLPNsarethesameasthosefortheTLZNs.The
TLPNsdifferfromtheTLZNsinthattheyaresmaller–theycontainonlyonecamp–andtheyare
locatedinareaswheretheycanhelptohousethemoredispersedFARC-EPstructures.
ThenumberofcampsineachTLZNwillreflectthenumberofmemberstobelocatedthereand
theconditionsontheground.EachTLZNwillhaveasinglesiteforstoringweaponsincontainers,
areceptionarea,alocalMVMbase–tobelocated,wherepossible,inaneighbouringvillage–
andthe logisticsneededto implementtheBDCCH&LAagreement,assetout inthe logistics
protocol.
OperationoftheTLZNsandTLPNs
IntheTLZNsandTLPNsthefullruleoflawisguaranteed,andtothisendthecivilianauthorities
will operate normally,with no restrictions. The TLZNs and the TLPNs are not to be used for
politicaldemonstrations.Meetingsmaybeheldtoteachpeopleabouttheprocess.
Likewise, the normal operation of regional economic, political and social activities is also
guaranteedinthelifeofthecommunitiesastheyexercisetheirrights.Thereisalsoaguarantee
thatthecommunity,socialandpoliticalorganisationspresentintheterritorieswillbeableto
operatenormallyintheexerciseoftheirrights,especiallyintheTLZNsandTLPNs.
Tothisend,theresidentsofthesezoneswillbeentitledtounrestrictedfreedomofmovement,
exceptfortheFARC-EPcamps,andtheywillbesubjectonlytotherightsanddutiesenshrinedin
Colombianlaw.
EachTLZNandTLPNhasareceptionareatoattendvisitors.
Within the TLZNs and the TLPNs, the FARC-EP is responsible for its personnel, including
militiamenandwomen,andforensuringtheycomplywiththeRulesgoverningtheBDCCH&LA
andwiththeprovisionsinthechapters,protocolsandannexesthatcomprisetheBDCCH&LA
Agreement.
For its part, theNational Government is responsible for ensuring compliancewith the Rules
governingtheBDCCH&LAandwiththeprovisionsinthechapters,protocolsandannexesthat
comprise theBDCCH&LAAgreementon thepartof theColombianStateArmedForcesand
publicofficialsassignedtotasksrelatingtotheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
InordertobeginpreparationsfortheReincorporationoftheFARC-EPintoeconomic,socialand
politicalaspectsofcivilianlifeinawaythatmeetstheirneeds,andfortheirtransitiontolegality,
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the institutionsof thestatewill carryout therelevantprocedures in theTLZNsandTLPNsas
agreedbetweentheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
TheColombianStateArmedForces’presenceinthefield,wheretheTLZNsandTLPNsarelocated,
will vary by area reflecting the conditions on the ground and the operational environment.
SpecificadaptationstolocalconditionsaresetoutinAnnexYtothisagreement.Anychangesto
AnnexYmustbedulyjustifiedandmustbenotifiedinadvancetotheMVM.
RegardingtheTLZNsandTLPNs,thepresenceoftheColombianStateArmedForcesinthefield
(assetoutinAnnexY)willbemonitoredandverifiedbytheMVM.Personnelwillmaintainthe
necessarycoordinationwiththeMVMthroughthelocalMVMbase.
OndayD+180thesezonesandtheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities
willceaseoperationinaccordancewiththeroadmap(timeline)whichhasbeenagreedbythe
NationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPandwhichistoguidetheprocessforendingtheconflict
followingthesigningoftheFinalAgreement.
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ProtocolandAnnexestothesectiononDeploymentsintheFieldandZones–TRANSIT
ROUTES(TRs)ANDCOORDINATIONOFMOVEMENTSINTHEFIELDintheAgreementonthe
BilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLayingdownof
Arms(LA)
TransitRoutes(TRs)andCoordinationofMovementsintheField
Transit Routes (TRs) are temporary, geographically defined movement corridors created to
ensure the safe, rapid and verifiable movement of the FARC-EP structures – missions,
commissions,TacticalCombatUnits(TCUs)andmilitia–totheTLZNsandTLPNs.
TRswillbeavailablefromdayD+5.TheprocessofmovingallFARC-EPstructurestotheTLZNs
and TLPNswill take place between dayD+5 and dayD+30.During this period each FARC-EP
structure will move to these zones. Appropriate time will be allowed for transit, which will
dependonthedistance,terrainandmethodoftransportused.Onceastructureishousedinthe
TLZNsorTLPNstheMVMwillbenotifiedsothatthedeploymentoftheColombianStateArmed
Forces(whichincludeboththeMilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice)canbereadjustedand
theTRscanbedecommissioned.
UndertheBDCCH&LAAgreement,betweentheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPforeach
TLZNandTLPN,ondayD+1adelegatefromtheNationalGovernmentandadelegatefromthe
FARC-EPwillsupplytheIC-MVMwiththecoordinatesforthelocationsoftheunitsbelongingto
theColombianStateArmedForcesandtheFARC-EPsothatthenecessarystepscanbetakento
ensurethatchangesinthedeploymentoftheColombianStateArmedForcesandthemovement
oftheFARC-EPstructurestotheTLZNsandTLPNscantakeplacesecurelyundermonitoringand
verification by the MVM. See the Annex entitled “Geographical Demarcation of the TransitRoutes”.Amongstotherthings,thisAnnexsetsoutthedistinctivecharacteristicsofeachTRas
follows:1.Startingpointswithcoordinates;2.Routedescription(characteristics);3.Meansof
transport;4.Approximatemovementtime;5.ReferencepointsfortheMVM;and6.Endpoint
(TLZNsorTLPNs).
Theaforementionedstructureswillbemovedinoneofthreeways,dependingonthecapabilities
and resourcesavailable:1.Cross country (trailsorpaths);2.By roador land-based transport
networks(usingvehicles);3.Alongwaterways(byboat).Themethodsoftransportwillbedefined
bymutualagreementbetweentheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
TherewillbepermanentcoordinationwiththeMVMthroughouttheFARC-EPmovements,and
thepreparationoftheroutesfortheColombianStateArmedForces.TheMVMwillmonitorand
verify that the procedures are carried out safely, rapidly and in accordance with the Rules
GoverningtheBDCCH&LA.TheMVMwillcarryoutitsworkonapermanentbasisandwillhave
referencepointsonTRs fromthepointwheretheFARC-EPstructuresbegintransituntil they
reachtheTLZNsandTLPNs.
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TheColombianStateArmedForces,incooperationwiththeMVM,willdeploytheirpersonnelso
astoguaranteesecurityandpreventincidentsduringthemovementoftheFARC-EPtotheTLZNs
andTLPNs.
GeneralpointsregardingthedesignoftheTRs
a. Referencepoints(point´s latitudeandlongitude)aretobeestablishedforthemovement
overtheterrain,toassisttheMVMinitswork.
b. TheroutedescriptionmustfollowtheformatsetoutinAnnexXX,“TransitRoutes”.
c. TheTRsaretobekeptinsecret.Theirpositioninthefieldwillbedefinedusingmapsand
coordinates.TheirpositionwillbeknowntotheMVMandmayNOTbemadepublic.Aduty
ofconfidentialityismandatoryamongthoseinvolvedintheprocess.
d. The National Government will provide a proper communication system to allow for
coordinationbetweentheColombianStateArmedForcesandtheMVM.Itwillensurethat
separatechannelsandlevelsofcommunicationareavailableforeachinstitution,withjoint
channelsandlevelsforcoordinationpurposes.Coordinationwillbemanagedbythelocal
MVMbase.
e. BydayD+30,atthelatest,allFARC-EPstructuresmusthavearrivedattheirrespectiveTLZNs
andTLPNs.TRshavebeenmadeavailableintime.
f. Thetimingtakenforthisprocesswilldependonthemeansoftransportusedtomovethe
FARC-EP.
g. Transit routes,methods and timings will be defined bymutual agreement between the
NationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
h. Themovementofguerrillamemberswilltakeplaceatgrouplevelsorfrontlevel.Inallcases
therewillbeastartingpointforthemovement,andanendpointintherelevantzonesor
points.SeeAnnexXX.
i. ThedeparturepointandtheTRsfortheFARC-EPwillbedeterminedbythelocationofeach
unitinrelationtotheTLZNorTLPNtowhichitistomove,oncetheBDCCH&LAAgreement
comesintoforce.
TheFARC-EP,incooperationwiththeMVM,willberesponsibleforthetransportrequiredto
movethestructurestotheirrespectiveTLZNsandTLPNs.
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Annex“Y”
ThisannexwillcontaininformationonthepresenceinthefieldoftheColombianStateArmed
Forces(whichincludeboththeMilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice).Itwillbedrawnuponce
thesezoneshavebeenfullydemarcated.
Annex“XX”
“GeographicalDemarcationoftheTransitRoutes”
START DEPT.MUNICI-
PALITY
DIS-
TRICT
SETTLE-
MENTCOORD
DEPARTURE
POINTS
MEANSOF
TRANSPORT
ROUTE
DESCRIPTION
REFERENCE
POINTS
D
DAYCesar LaPaz
San
Joséde
Oriente
xxxxxx CañoFrio
1.OVERLAND
2.VEHICLE
TRANSPORT
1.OVERLAND
Fromxxxwithin
thejurisdiction
ofthe
municipalityof
LaPaz,tothe
districtofLos
Laureleswithin
thejurisdiction
ofthe
municipalityof
LaPaz
2.VEHICLE
TRANSPORT
fromYinthe
districtof
Laurelesinthe
municipalityof
LaPaz,tothe
Settlementof
CañoFrio.
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ProtocolforthesectiononSecurityforMEMBERSOFTHEMONITORINGAND
VERIFICATIONMECHANISM(MVM)intheAgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefire
andCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLayingdownofArms(LA)
SECURITY FOR MEMBERS OF THE MONITORING AND VERIFICATION MECHANISM (MVM)
DURINGTHEBDCCH&LA
The protocol contains themeasures established jointly by theNationalGovernment and the
FARC-EPtoensurethesafetyofmembersoftheMVMteamsduringtheBDCCH&LA.
1. Security for MVM members is provided by the designated state institutions, which will
coordinateasappropriatewiththeFARC-EPandtheheadofsecurityfortheInternational
ComponentoftheMVM(IC-MVM).
2. Security measures for MVM members will take account of logistical and administrative
demandsandresourcesandwillbeimplementedincoordinationwithrepresentativesofthe
IC-MVMandtheFARC-EPdesignatedforthispurpose.
3. ProtectionarrangementsfortheMVMwilltakeaccountofthecharacteristicsoftheterrain,
socioeconomicconditionsandpossiblethreatsidentifiedineachspecificarea,inaccordance
withtheassessmentthatisdrawnupforeachcaseandtherelevantinformationprovidedby
theNationalGovernment,theFARC-EPandtheIC-MVM.
4. The state security agencies will appraise the situation in context in each of the zones
designated for the BDCCH & LA and will put in place appropriate protection and self-
protectionmeasures formembers of theMVM teams, depending on the nature of their
functions.
Inparticular,theymustensurethattravelbytheMVMtakesplacealongsaferoutesthatare
freeof anti-personnelmines (APMs), improvisedexplosivedevices (IEDs)andunexploded
ordnance(UXO)orexplosiveremnantsofwar(ERW).
Toachievethis,theywilltakeaccountofcommentsbytheFARC-EPandwillcoordinateas
required.
5. Whencarryingouttheirfunctions,MVMmembersmustweartheappropriatebadges,IDand
insignia,asdefinedwiththeIC-MVM.Thestatewillimplementthecomprehensivemeasures
requiredinordertosafeguardandfacilitatetheirmovementsandactivitiesinthenational
territory.
6. AppropriatesecurityandprotectionfortheMVMteams’operationsbaseswillbeprovided
bytherelevantstateagencies,whichwilltakeaccountofcommentsonsecurityissuesbythe
FARC-EP.
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7. WheretheMVMneedstotravelinordertoperformitsfunctionsitmustnotifythefactvia
thedesignatedprocedures,andtravelarrangementswillbecoordinatedwithmembersof
theColombianStateArmedForcesandtheFARC-EPatnational,regionalandlocallevel.The
appropriatemeansandchannelsofcommunicationwillbeinplacetoenablethistohappen.
8. TheNationalGovernmentwillputinplaceallmeasuresrequiredinordertodealwithany
contingenciesandmedicalevacuationsforMVMmemberswithinnationalterritory.
9. The National Government (the Colombian State Armed Forces, which include both the
Military Forces and the National Police) and the FARC-EP will provide the MVM with
informationonanythreatstotheirsecurity.Anearlywarningmonitoringandverification
procedure has been implemented to enable threats to the physical safety of everyone
involvedintheBDCCH&LAtobeneutralised.
10. MVMmemberswillbekeptinformed,andtheyundertaketofollowsecurityandprotection
advicegiventhembythestatesecurityagenciesassignedtothistaskandbytheFARC-EP.
11. InsidetheTLZNsandTLPNs,securityandprotectionarrangementsforMVMmemberswill
bethesubjectofcoordinationbetweentheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
12. WithintheSecurityZonessurroundingtheTLZNsandTLPNs,theMVMwillbeaccompanied
bypolicesecuritywherecircumstancesdictate,bymutualagreementbetweentheNational
GovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
13. Thespecificneedsofwomenwhorequiremedicalattentionorevacuationwillbeaddressed,
aswilltheparticularriskstheyfacebecauseoftheirgender.
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ProtocolforthesectiononSecurityforDELEGATESANDPUBLICOFFICIALSinthe
AgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)and
LayingdownofArms(LA)
SECURITYFORDELEGATESANDPUBLICOFFICIALSDURINGTHEBDCCH&LA
The protocol contains themeasures established jointly by theNationalGovernment and the
FARC-EPtoensurethesafetyofdelegatesoftheNationalGovernmentandpublicofficialsduring
theBDCCH&LA.
1. Security for Government delegates and public officials is the responsibility of the state
securityagenciesinaccordancewiththerelevantlegislation.
2. SecurityforGovernmentdelegatesandpublicofficialscoverstravel,entryintotheTLZNs,
TLPNsandthesurroundingsecurityzonesandstaysintheseareasundertakeninthecourse
oftheirworkontheBDCCH&LAprocess.
3. TheNationalGovernment and the FARC-EPwill notify theMVMof any information that
indicatesathreattotheGovernmentdelegatesandpublicofficialsinvolvedintheBDCCH&
LAprocess.
4. The Government delegates and public officials involved in the BDCCH& LA process will
complywiththesecurityandprotectivemeasuresputinplacebythestatesecurityagencies
responsibleforthisissueandwithrecommendationsmadebytheFARC-EP.
5. Where unarmed civilian authorities and public officials enter the TLZNs, TLPNs and
surroundingsecurityzonesunderagreementsbetweentheNationalGovernmentandthe
FARC-EP, they will comply with the security measures laid down in the BDCCH & LA
Agreement.
6. Thespecificneedsofwomenwhorequiremedicalattentionorevacuationwillbeaddressed,
aswilltheparticularriskstheyfacebecauseoftheirgender.
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ProtocolforthesectiononSecurityforFARC-EPMEMBERSintheAgreementonthe
BilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLayingdownof
Arms(LA)
SECURITYFORFARC-EPMEMBERSDURINGTHEBDCCH&LA
The protocol contains themeasures established jointly by theNationalGovernment and the
FARC-EPtoensurethesafetyofFARC-EPmembersduringtheBDCCH&LA.
1- Inside the Transitional Local Zones for Normalisation (TLZNs) and the Transitional Local
Points for Normalisation (TLPNs) the security and safety of FARC-EP personnel is the
responsibilityoftheFARC-EPcommanders.
2- OutsidethecampsFARC-EPmemberswillwearcivilianclothingandwillbeunarmed.
3- TheFARC-EPwillappointagroupof60FARC-EPmemberswhocanbedeployednationally
tocarryouttasksrelatedtothePeaceAgreement.TravelbyFARC-EPmembersinthecourse
of these tasks will be subject to the security measures agreed between the National
GovernmentandtheFARC-EPinsubsections4and6ofsection3(“EndoftheConflict”)of
theSecurityGuaranteesAgreement.FARC-EPmembersmayformpartofthesecuritycorps
entrustedwiththistaskprovidedtheyarequalifiedandauthorisedtodoso.
Inaddition,foreachTLZNtheFARC-EPwillappointagroupof10FARC-EPmemberswhocan
bedeployedatmunicipalanddepartmental level to carryout tasks related to thePeace
Agreement.TwoprotectionteamsareavailableperZonetoprovideprotectionduringtravel.
Where FARC-EPmembers leave theTLZNsandTLPNs, the FARC-EP commanders assume
jointresponsibility.
4- FARC-EPmemberswholeaveaTLZNorTLPNinordertoobtainurgentmedicalattentionor
specialisedmedicalcarethatcannotbeprovidedinsidetheseareaswillhavethenecessary
meansandmeasuresofprotection.
5- Thespecificneedsofwomenwhorequiremedicalattentionorevacuationwillbeaddressed,
aswilltheparticularriskstheyfacebecauseoftheirgender.
6- Themeasuresrequiredinordertoprovideprotectionduringtravelwillbecoordinatedwith
thestatesecurityagenciesasnecessary.Detailedinformationmustbeprovidedinadvance
onthenumberofpeople,departureandreturndates,travelroutesandspecificplacestobe
visited,toenablethenecessarycoordinationtotakeplace.
7- Whentravelling,FARC-EPmemberswillhavetheaccreditationneededinordertoguarantee
freemovement.
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8- TheNationalGovernmentwillprovidethehuman,logistical,technical,communicationsand
transportresourcesneededfortravelasrequiredbythesecurityandprotectionpersonnel.
9- ThemeasuresputinplacetoprotectFARC-EPmembersduringtravelwillreflectthelevelof
riskidentifiedbythesecurityandprotectionteamsforeachTLZNorTLPNincoordination
withtheFARC-EPandtheMVM.
10- TherearetwoprotectionteamsavailableperTLZNorTLPNtocoverthespecial journeys
outsidetheTLZNorTLPNprovidedforintheBDCCH&LAAgreement.Inordertoguarantee
thesecuritymeasuresreferredtointhatAgreementaprocedurewillbeestablished,tobe
coordinatedbytheMVM,whichwillincludecoverageofthefollowingissues:
• DesignationforeachTLZNandtheTLPNsofthepersonresponsibleonbehalfoftheFARC-EP
forauthorisingtheFARC-EPmemberswhoaretomakethejourneysinquestionandforgiving
themtheappropriatesecurityinstructionsasprovidedforintheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
• Coordinationoftraveltimetables.
• Journeystartdateandtime.
• Riskassessmentforthepersonmakingthejourney.
• Places,routesandtimetableforthejourney.
• Coordination and provision of transport, logistical and human resources available for the
journeys.
• Inter-institutional coordination between the body responsible for providing security and
protectionforFARC-EPmembersandotherrelevantstatebodies.
• DuringthesejourneystherewillbeconstantcommunicationwiththedifferentMVMunits,
dependingonwherethosemakingthejourneyarestayingandtheroutesused.
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ProtocolforthesectiononSecurityfortheCIVILIANPOPULATIONintheAgreement
ontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLayingdown
ofArms(LA)
SECURITYFORTHECIVILIANPOPULATIONDURINGTHEBDCCH&LA
The protocol contains themeasures established jointly by theNationalGovernment and the
FARC-EPtoguaranteethesafetyofthecivilianpopulationandtoensurepeacefulcoexistencein
the Transitional Local Zones for Normalisation (TLZNs), Transitional Local Points for
Normalisation(TLPNs)andsurroundingSecurityZones(SZs)duringtheBDCCH&LA.
1. TheNationalGovernmentcontinuestoguaranteeconditionsforpeacefulcoexistenceand
security for thecivilianpopulationduring theBDCCH&LAandtoencourageandsupport
citizenandcommunityengagementmechanisms.
2. ThesafetyofthecivilianpopulationintheTLZNs,TLPNsandthesurroundingSZsduringthe
BDCCH&LAisfoundedonhumanrightsmeasuresthatwillprotectthepopulationagainst
potentialthreatstotheirlives,personalsafety,civillibertiesandproperty.
3. TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPwillnotifytheMVMofanyinformationregarding
threatstothesafetyofthecivilianpopulation,sothattheappropriatemeasurescanbetaken.
4. The National Government will disclose all the confirmation and neutralisation activities
promptedbyearlywarningsconcerningthreatstothecivilianpopulation,andwillcoordinate
asappropriatewiththeFARC-EPandtheMVMinordertoguaranteetheBDCCH&LA.
5. WhiletheTLZNsandTLPNsare inoperationthecivilianpopulationwillnotbeallowedto
carryorpossessweaponsintheseareasorintheSZs.
6. SecurityforpeopleenteringtheTLZNsandTLPNsisbasedonthefollowingelements:
• EachTLZNandTLPNhasareceptionareatoattendtoarrivals.
• Therearenociviliansinthecamps,andciviliansmaynotenterthecampsatanytime.
• Withregardtothesecurityofthecivilianpopulation,theRulesgoverningtheBDCCH&LA
apply.
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ProtocolforthesectiononSecurityforMOVEMENTSundertakenbytheFARC-EPin
theAgreementontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)
andLayingdownofArms(LA)
SECURITY FOR MOVEMENTS BY THE FARC-EP TO THE TRANSITIONAL LOCAL ZONES FOR
NORMALISATION(TLZNs),ANDTRANSITIONALLOCALPOINTSFORNORMALISATION(TLPNs)
DURINGTHEBDCCH&LA
The protocol contains themeasures established jointly by theNationalGovernment and the
FARC-EPtoguaranteethesafetyofthevariousmissions,commissionsandTacticalCombatUnits
(TCUs)oftheFARC-EPfrontsduringmovementstotheTLZNsandTLPNs.
1. SecurityforthemovementsoftheFARC-EPstructurestotheTLZNsandTLPNswillbebased
onthefollowingelements:compliancewiththerulesgoverningtheceasefire;awarenessof
themovementplans;effectivecoordinationandsecurechannelsofcommunication;security
measuresforthehandlingandtransportofweapons.
2. OndayD+1adelegatefromtheNationalGovernmentandadelegatefromtheFARC-EPwill
supply the IC-MVMwith the coordinates for the locations of the units belonging to the
Colombian State Armed Forces (which include both theMilitary Forces and the National
Police)andtheFARC-EPsothatthenecessarystepscanbetakentoensurethatchangesin
thedeploymentof theColombianStateArmedForcesandthemovementof theFARC-EP
structurestotheTLZNsandTLPNscantakeplacesecurelyundermonitoringandverification
bytheMVM.
TheMVMmayaccompanythesemovementsifrequiredbytheNationalGovernmentandthe
FARC-EP. Inthiscase, fortheirsafety,themembersofthe IC-MVMmustcomplywiththe
minimumsecuritystandardsoftheUnitedNationssystem.
3. TheMVMwill coordinate as necessarywith theNationalGovernment to ensure that the
necessarysecuritymeasuresareinplaceontheroutesusedbyFARC-EPmemberstomove
fromwheretheyarebasedtotheTLZNsandTLPNs.
4. MovementsofFARC-EPmembersfromwheretheyarebasedtotheTLZNsandTLPNswillbe
coordinatedandmonitoredbytheMVM.
5. Where required and requested via theMVM, the National Government will provide the
logistics and transport needed to move the various missions, commissions and tactical
combatunitsoftheFARC-EPfrontstotheTLZNsandTLPNs.
6. Themovementswilltakeplace inthreestages,whichtheMVMwillagreeandcoordinate
withtheColombianStateArmedForcesandtheFARC-EP:
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1. Planning:Coordinationwilltakeplace,theparticipantswillberecruitedandinformationwill
bemadeavailable;areasonableperiodoftimewillbeallowedfortheColombianStateArmed
Forcestowithdrawandreorganiseinordertoenablethemovetotakeplace;theactorswill
beinformedoftheplantobeimplemented.
• DuringthisstagethecommandersoftheColombianStateArmedForcesintheregions
involvedwillcertifytotheMVMbyappropriatemeansthatallunitsdeployedintheareas
involvedhavefullknowledgeoftheplansforthemovements.Thiswillbeverifiedbythe
MVM.
• Inplanningthemovements, theMVMwillhaveall thenecessary informationandwill
coordinateasnecessaryinordertoguaranteesecurityandensuretherearenoincidents
duringthemovements.
• Acontinuousandcomprehensivecommunicationsplan,tobecoordinatedamongthose
involvedintheBDCCH&LA(theNationalGovernment,theMVM,theColombianState
ArmedForcesandtheFARC-EP),willbeimplementedforthemovements.Theplanwill
ensurethatallcommunicationsaresecure,soastoavoidpossibleleaksordisruptionthat
couldjeopardisethemovement.
2. Implementation:OnD+1adelegatefromtheNationalGovernmentandadelegatefromthe
FARC-EPwillsupplytheIC-MVMwiththecoordinatesforthelocationsoftheunitsbelonging
totheColombianStateArmedForcesandtheFARC-EPsothatthenecessarystepscanbe
takentoenablethemovementof theFARC-EPstructurestotheTLZNsandTLPNstotake
placesecurelyundermonitoringandverificationbytheMVM.
• Onthesameday(D+1),adjustmentswillbemadetothepresenceoftheColombianState
ArmedForcestoenablethemovementstotheTLZNsandTLPNstotakeplacealongthe
definedroutes.ThiswillbeverifiedbytheMVM.
• OndayD+5,oncetheMVMhasconfirmedthattheColombianStateArmedForceshave
adjusted their presence in the field, the various missions, commissions and tactical
combatunits (TCUs)of the FARC-EP frontswill travel to theTLZNs andTLPNs, having
regardtothesecuritymeasureslaiddowninthisprotocol.
3. Adjustment:duringthisstage,oncethemovementshavebeencompleted,theColombian
StateArmedForceswillmaketheappropriateadjustmentstotheirpresenceinthefield,in
accordancewiththeprovisionsoftheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
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ProtocolforthesectiononSecurityforDEPLOYMENTSINTHEFIELDintheAgreementonthe
BilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLayingdownof
Arms(LA)
SECURITY IN THE TRANSITIONAL LOCAL ZONES FOR NORMALISATION (TLZNs) and the
TRANSITIONALLOCALPOINTSFORNORMALISATION(TLPNs)DURINGTHEBDCCH&LA
The protocol contains themeasures established jointly by theNationalGovernment and the
FARC-EPtoguaranteesecurityintheTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)andthe
TransitionalLocalPointsforNormalisation(TLPNs).
1. Security in theTLZNsandTLPNs isbasedon the following factors: specificboundaries; a
securityzonearoundeachTLZNandTLPN;securitystaff;appropriatephysicalinfrastructure
andlogisticalsupplies;securecommunications;rulesgoverningpeacefulco-existence;basic
medicalcare;andanevacuationplanforemergenciesandnaturaldisasters.
2. TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPwillclearlydefinetheboundariesoftheTLZNs
and TLPNs, establishing reference points such as geographical features, coordinates and
boundarymarkers.
3. WhiletheBDCCH&LAAgreementremainsinforce,securityintheTLZNsandTLPNswillbe
coordinatedbetweentheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EP.Forforcesdeployedinthe
field,securitywillbecoordinatedbetweentheNationalGovernmentandtheMVM.
4. Aone-kilometre(1km)securityzonewillbeputinplacearoundtheTLZNsandTLPNsinorder
to avoid incidents or accidents. These security zones will be overseen by theMVM. No
membersoftheColombianStateArmedForces(whichincludeboththeMilitaryForcesand
theNationalPolice)ortheFARC-EPwillbepresentinthesecurityzones,withtheexception
of themonitoring and verification teamswhowill,wherenecessary, be accompaniedby
policesecurity.
5. IneachTLZNasinglecampwillbeidentifiedwithinwhichaspecificsitewillbeestablished
forthelocationofthecontainerstohousetheweaponsandammunitionbelongingtothe
FARC-EP.Thesesiteswillbeclearlyidentified,willhavetheappropriatecontrolsandsecurity
measuresinplace,andwillbeunderthesupervisionoftheInternationalComponentofthe
MVM(IC-MVM).TheTLPNswillhaveasinglesiteinthecampforthesamepurpose.
6. WhiletheTLZNsandTLPNsareinoperationthecivilianpopulationwillnotbeallowedto
carryorpossessweapons.OutsidethecampsFARC-EPmemberswillwearcivilianclothing
andwillbeunarmed.
7. OutsidethecampsbutinsidetheTLZNsandTLPNstherewillbeareceptionareawherethe
FARC-EPwillreceivevisitors.
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8. PublicofficialswhoprovidetrainingformembersoftheFARC-EP intheTLZNsandTLPNs
undertheBDCCH&LAAgreementwillweartheappropriateaccreditation.
9. SecurityissuesintheTLZNsandTLPNs(protectionschemes,securitymechanisms)willbe
coordinatedwiththelocalMVMSteeringGroup.
10. Local bases will have the technical resources required to ensure effective and secure
communicationwiththevariousunitsoftheColombianStateArmedForces,theMVMand
theFARC-EP.Communicationssecuritymeasureswillbeinplacetoachievethis(encryption,
passwords,frequenciesandtimesoftransmissions).
11. Anearlywarningmonitoringprocesswillbeputinplaceinthelocalbaseswhichwillbeused
toreceiveinformationandpassitontotheappropriatepeopleinordertoneutralisepossible
threats to members of the FARC-EP, the National Government, the MVM, the civilian
populationand/orthenormaloperationoftheTLZNsandTLPNsandtheColombianState
ArmedForcesdeployedinthefield.
12. TheNationalGovernmentwill take themeasures required topreventpersonswith legal
actionpendingagainstthemfromenteringtheTLZNsandTLPNs.Undernocircumstances
willthesemeasuresbeusedtopreventpeoplevisitingtheTLZNsandTLPNs.
13. If an event or situation arises within a TLZN or TLPN that requires the presence of the
NationalPoliceoranyotherarmedstateagency,thiswilltakeplaceincoordinationwiththe
MVMinaccordancewiththefollowingprocedure:
• WhentheMVMbecomesawareoftheissueitwillbegintocoordinatewiththeFARC-EP
commandersintheareainquestionandwiththeNationalGovernment.
• TheMVMwillassessthesituationandtakeforwardtheprocessinsofarasitisresponsible
fordoingso.
• TheMVMwillasktheNationalGovernmentforsupportfromtheappropriateagency.
• TheagencydesignatedbytheNationalGovernmentwillcontacttheMVM.
• TheMVMwillcoordinateasnecessarywiththeFARC-EPovertheentryofthatagency
intotheTLZNorTLPN.
• WherepublicofficialsenterandremainintheTLZNsandTLPNsduringproceedingsthey
willbeaccompaniedbymembersoftheMVM.
• DuringtheprocesstheMVMwillbeinpermanentcontactwiththeFARC-EPcommanders
intheTLZNorTLPNinquestion.
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SafetyprotocolsfortheHANDLING,STORAGE,TRANSPORTANDCONTROLOFWEAPONS
duringtheBDCCH&LA
The protocol contains the measures established jointly by the FARC-EP and the IC-MVM to
guarantee the secure handling, storage, transport and control of firearms, ammunition and
explosivesduringtheBDCCH&LAprocess.ThesewillbemonitoredandverifiedbytheIC-MVM.
a. Handling
1. Noexplosives,explosiveammunition,hazardoussubstancesorimprovisedexplosivedevices
maybehandledduringmovementstotheTLZNsandTLPNsorinthecamps.
2. Forsafetyreasons,firearms,ammunitionandexplosivesmaynotbehandled,carriedorheld
inside the dormitories, dining rooms, classrooms, bathrooms and recreation areas in the
campsorinthereceptionareaputinplaceforeachTLZNandTLPN.
3. Thesafety regulations in the firearmssafetycodewillapply to thecarrying,handlingand
maintenanceoffirearms.
4. UnstableweaponswillbedestroyedbytheFARC-EPincoordinationwiththeIC-MVM,having
regardtointernationalsafetystandards.TheIC-MVMwillcertifyandnotifythisprocedure.
5. Thesiteswhereunstablematerialistobedestroyedandtheaccessroutestothosesitesmust
befreeofanti-personnelmines(APMs),improvisedexplosivedevices(IEDs)andunexploded
ordnance(UXO)andexplosiveremnantsofwar(ERW).
6. Theremustbeaparamedicwithequipmentandmedicationinattendanceatthisprocedure,
andarrangementsmustbe inplace formedical evacuation in theeventof anaccidentor
medicalemergency.ThesearrangementsmustbecoordinatedwiththeMVM.
7. TheFARC-EPineachcampwillberesponsibleforensuringthatsafetyregulationsgoverning
thehandlingofweaponsareobserved.
b. Storage
1. The IC-MVMwill establish the appropriate conditions for secure storage of weapons and
ammunitioninsidetheTLZNsandTLPNs,inaccordancewiththerelevantUNstandards.
c. Transport
1. UndernocircumstancesmayunstableweaponsbetransportedtotheTLZNsandTLPNs.
2. SmallarmsandammunitionwillbetransportedtotheTLZNsandTLPNsinaccordancewith
safetyguidelineslaiddownininternationalsafetystandards.
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3. Where necessary, the IC-MVM will coordinate with the National Government over the
implementationofsafetymeasuresfortransportingtheFARC-EP’sweaponsandammunition
totheTLZNsandTLPNs.
4. TheFARC-EPguaranteethatallweaponslistedintheinformationsuppliedtotheIC-MVMwill
betransportedtotheTLZNsandTLPNs.
5. TheremovalofweaponsfromtheTLZNsandTLPNstothenewstoragesitesforfinaldisposal
willbecarriedoutbytheIC-MVMinaccordancewithUNsafetystandards.
d. Control
1. TheIC-MVMwillundertaketheappropriatemonitoringandverificationcontrolsonpersonal
weapons,weaponsheldinweaponsstoresandthosestoredincontainersinaccordancewith
theprovisionsoftheBDCCH&LAAgreement.
2. TheFARC-EPundertakestodisseminatethesafetyprotocolsgoverningweaponshandling,
transport,storageandfirearmssafetycontrolstoallitsmembersforimplementation.
3. TheIC-MVMincoordinationwiththeFARC-EPwillselectasecuresitewithintheTLZNsand
TLPNs,freefromnaturalandartificialhazards,tohousethecontainerswheretheFARC-EP’s
weaponsaretobestored.
4. TheIC-MVMwillverifycompliancewiththesafetyprotocolsforthedestructionofunstable
weaponsandcoordinatewiththeColombianStateArmedForcesasnecessarytoensurethe
safetyofthearea.
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ProtocolandAnnexestothesectiononLOGISTICSintheAgreementontheBilateraland
DefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLayingdownofArms(LA)
ThisprotocolcontainstheproceduresestablishedjointlybytheNationalGovernmentandthe
FARC-EP to safeguard logistics for theTransitional Local Zones forNormalisation (TLZNs), the
TransitionalLocalPointsforNormalisation(TLPNs)andtheMVM(atnational,regionalandlocal
level)duringtheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLaying
downofArms(LA).
DefinitionofLogistics:Logisticsreferstoallthematerialelementstomeetspecificneedsthat
arerequiredfortheoperationoftheTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)andthe
TransitionalLocalPointsforNormalisation(TLPNs)duringtheBDCCH&LAandfortheoperation
oftheMVMinrespectof:accommodation,food,kitchens,foodstores,diningrooms,classrooms,
offices, libraries,receptionareas,bathrooms,basicmedicalanddentalcare,communications,
quartermastersupplies,men’swashingkits,women’swashingkitsandaccessories,sportskitand
equipment.
Logisticalsuppliesmusttakeaccountofthespecificneedsofwomen.
Logisticsmustmeetthefollowingneeds:
1. Health.DuringtheBDCCH&LAprocessbasicmedicalcarewillbeavailabletomeetimmediate
needs. Care will be provided to expectant and breastfeeding mothers and, in general,
maternal-infantcare.Specialisedandemergencycarewillalsobeprovided,forwhichstaff
maybemovedtotheappropriatemedicalcentres;timelyprovisionofcareandsafetywillbe
guaranteed.
2. SupplyLines.Thesearealltheresourcesandproceduresrequiredtoensurethattheneeds
describedunderthedefinitionoflogisticsaremettoenabletheoperationoftheTLZNs,the
TLPNsandtheMVMforthedurationoftheBDCCH&LA.Theyincludethesupply,transport
anddistributionoftheseelements,allofwhichwillbeundertakenthroughprivate,legaland
naturalpersons.
TheNationalGovernmentwillissueapubliccallfortenderstosupply,transportanddistribute
foodsandmedicines.Thetenderprocesswillincludeastipulationthatpreferencewillbegiven
topurchasesoffoodandmedicinesfromtheregionswheretheTLZNsandTLPNsarelocated.
TheFARC-EPwilldesignateadelegatetobepartofthisprocessatnationallevel.
3. Communications.FortheBDCCH&LA,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPwilldefine
procedures to guarantee thenecessarymeansof communication (primary and alternative
means: UHF, VHF and satellite), and will establish frequencies and times to facilitate
coordinationbetweentheNationalGovernment,theFARC-EPandtheMVMfortheduration
oftheBDCCH&LA.
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IneachzoneadelegatefromtheFARC-EPwillberesponsibleforlogisticsissuesandwillliaise
withthelogisticscontactintheMonitoringandVerificationMechanism(MVM)atlocallevel,
whowillreceivethelistofitemsrequiredbytheTLZNsandTLPNs,whichwillberesponsible
forreceiving,verifyingandsigningtherespectivelists.Theentirelogisticsprocedurewillbe
verifiedbytheMVM.
AllTLZN,TLPNandMVMbaseswillreceiveappropriatesuppliestoenableoptimumoperation
inaccordancewiththeprinciplesofausterity,transparency,reasonableness,efficiencyand
responsibility.
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPhaveagreedalistofbasicitemsthatincludesfood
(AnnexA)andmedicines(AnnexB).Thesewillbeadjustedtoreflectthecharacteristicsofeach
regionwheretheTLZNsandTLPNsarelocated.
To aid planning, logistical requirements in respect of food andmedicineswill begin to be
suppliedfromdayD+30.
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ProtocolandAnnexestothesectionontheLAYINGDOWNOFARMS(LA)intheAgreement
ontheBilateralandDefinitiveCeasefireandCessationofHostilities(BDCCH)andLayingdown
ofArms(LA)
TheLayingdownofArmsbytheFARC-EPentailsanorganised,traceableandverifiableprocess
thatisdividedintotwoperiods,knownasWeaponsControlandLayingdownofArms.TheLaying
downofArmsprocesscommencesuponsignatureoftheFinalAgreement.
TheLAincludesthefollowingtechnicalprocedures:registration,identification,monitoringand
verificationofpossession,collection,storage,removalandfinaldisposal.
• Registration:ThisisthetechnicalprocedureunderwhichtheInternationalComponent
oftheMonitoringandVerificationMechanism(IC-MVM)willrecordthequantityandtype
ofweaponsreceivedfromtheFARC-EP(undertheprocedureinAnnexA).
• Identification:ThisisthetechnicalprocedureunderwhichtheIC-MVMwillestablishthe
characteristics of the FARC-EP weapons. This procedure applies only to the personal
weaponscarriedbyFARC-EPmembersinthecamps(seeAnnexA)
• Monitoringandverificationofpossession:InthisprocesstheIC-MVMobserverswhoare
permanently deployed in the FARC-EP camps will check that each FARC-EP member
stayinginacampiscarryinghisorherpersonalweaponanditssupplyofammunition.
Thisprocessisbasedontheregistrationandidentificationundertakenpreviously.
• Collection:ThisisthetechnicalprocedureunderwhichtheIC-MVMwillreceiveallthe
weapons from the FARC-EP in accordance with the procedure laid down in this
Agreement.
• Weaponsstorage:ThisistheprocedureunderwhichtheIC-MVMwilltaketheweapons
receivedfromtheFARC-EP,havingfirstregisteredandmarkedthemforinventorycontrol
purposes, and deposit them in the containers provided for this purpose in one camp
withineachTLZNandineachoftheTLPNs.Thecontainerswillbesitedinarestrictedarea
accessibleonlytotheIC-MVM,whowillcarryoutconstantmonitoringandverification.
• Weaponsremoval:ThisisthetechnicalprocedureunderwhichtheUNwilltakecharge
of the physical removal of the weapons from the TLZNs and TLPNs. The National
Government and the FARC-EP, in conjunctionwith theUN,will determinewhere the
weaponsaretobelocated.Theweaponswillbeusedtobuildthreemonuments.
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• Final disposal of weapons: This is the technical procedure under which the FARC-EP
weaponswillbeusedtobuildthreemonuments:oneattheheadquartersoftheUnited
Nations, one in the Republic of Cuba, and one on Colombian soil, in a place to be
determinedby thepoliticalorganisation thatemerges from the transformationof the
FARC-EP,inagreementwiththeNationalGovernment.
Procedure
ForthepurposesoftheLA,thedayonwhichtheFinalAgreementcomesintoeffectisknownas
“Dday”.TheLAinvolvesaPlanningphaseandanImplementationphase.
Planningphase
FromdayD+5,theFARC-EPwillsupplytheIC-MVMwithinformationontheweaponsintheir
possession,toenabletheIC-MVMtoplanthenumberandtypeofcontainersneededforstoring
the weapons. It will also enable them to plan the monitoring and verification of the
transportation of the weapons properly, and to proceed with registration, identification,
monitoringandverificationofpossession,collection,storage,removalandfinaldisposal.
• Theinformationtobesuppliedincludes:
• ThetotalquantityofweaponsbytypetobetransportedtotheTLZNsandTLPNs.
• ThequantityofweaponsbytypebelongingtoFARC-EPmemberswhoarepartoftheMVM
andtoFARC-EPmembersauthorisedtoleavethecampsinordertocarryouttasksrelatedto
thepeaceprocess(atotalof60atnationallevel,plus10perTLZNanduptoeightforeach
TLPN).
• The quantity of small arms, grenades, ammunition and militia weapons, by type, to be
transportedtotheTLZNsandTLPNsbetweendayD+7anddayD+30.
• Thequantityandtypeofunstableweaponstobedestroyedandthegeoreferencingforthe
dumps(caches).
• WhereandwhenthedestructionoftheFARC-EP’sunstableweaponswillbecarriedout.
Allof this informationshouldenable theMVMtodrawupdetailedplans inconjunctionwith
thoseresponsibleforthesafetyoftheprocess,inordertoensurethattheactivityiscarriedout
efficiently,safelyandwiththenecessaryconfidentiality,inaccordancewiththeprotocols.
Implementationphase
OndayD+5theFARC-EPunitswillbegintomovetotheappropriateTLZNsandTLPNs,taking
withthemtheirpersonalweaponsandtheirsupplyofammunition.
TheMVMwillmonitorandverifythisprocess.
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Once they have arrived at the TLZNs and TLPNs, the IC-MVM will verify that there are no
explosives,weaponsorelementsthatshouldnotbepermittedtoentertheTLZNsorTLPNs.If
anyunstablematerial isdetected itwillbedestroyedat thesitespreviously selected for this
purpose.
An unstable weapon is any weapon that displays external damage due to cracks, dents,
indentationsorrust,andanyweaponoozingexplosivematerialorthatdisplaysanyothersigns
toindicatethatitwouldbedangeroustotransportit.Homemadeweapons,minesandexplosives
andcomponentsfortheirmanufacturewillalsobedeemedunstableweapons.
TheIC-MVMwillthenproceedtoregisterandstorethepersonalweaponsbelongingtotheFARC-
EPmembersassignedtotheMVMandthepersonalweaponsbelongingtotheFARC-EPmembers
whoaretogooutonactivitiesrelatedtothepeaceprocess.Afterthat,theIC-MVMwillbegin
themonitoringof thepossessionof personalweaponsby the FARC-EPmemberswhoare to
remaininthecamps.
BetweendayD+7 anddayD+30 the FARC-EPwill transport the small arms,militiaweapons,
grenadesandammunitiontotheTLZNsandTLPNs.TheMVMwillmonitorandverifythisprocess.
Theseweapons,grenadesandammunitionwillberegisteredandmarkedforinventorycontrol
purposes,andthosethatarenotgoingtobecarriedbyindividualswillbestoredintemporary
weaponsstoresundertheresponsibilityoftheFARC-EP.TheIC-MVMwillbeginthemonitoring
oftheseweapons,grenadesandammunition.
All weapons, grenades and ammunition belonging to the FARC-EP in the camp must be
monitored, either through random checks or by some othermethod. All monitoring will be
carriedout incoordinationwiththeFARC-EPcommanderineachcamp.Thefrequencyofthe
monitoringwilldependonthequantityofweaponsandthesituation.
On day D+60 the small arms, militia weapons, grenades and ammunition that were being
temporarilyheldinweaponsstoreswillbeputintostorage.
Inparallel,betweendayD+10anddayD+60theFARC-EPwillcarryoutthedestructionofthe
unstable weapons held in dumps (caches) that have previously been georeferenced in
accordancewiththeparameterslaiddowninthesafetyprotocols.TheIC-MVMwillverifythe
destructionoftheunstableweaponsandwilldrawuparecorddetailingthedate,time,location
(withgeoreferencing),quantityandtypeofweapons.AtthesametimetheIC-MVMmustverify
thatpreparationsfortheactivityhavebeencarriedoutcorrectly.Theactivitymustbeproperly
coordinatedbetween theFARC-EP, the IC-MVMand theNationalGovernment inviewof the
logisticalandsecurityeffortentailed.
AlltravelbytheIC-MVMmusttakeplacealongsaferoutesthatarefreeofanti-personnelmines
(APMs), improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and unexploded ordnance (UXO) or explosive
remnantsofwar(ERW).
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TothisendtheFARC-EPwillsupplytherelevantinformationandtherewillbefullcoordination
withtheNationalGovernmentandtheIC-MVM.
All activities involving the transportofweaponswill takeplace inaccordancewith thesafety
protocolgoverningweaponstransport.
ThecollectionandstorageofpersonalweaponsremaininginthepossessionofFARC-EPmembers
inthecampswilltakeplaceinthreesuccessivestages:
• D+90:30%ofthetotalwillhavebeenstored
• D+120:afurther30%ofthetotalwillhavebeenstored
• D+150:theremaining40%willhavebeenstored
The above steps in the process of the Laying down of Arms by the FARC-EPwill take place
sequentially,inaccordancewiththeroadmap(timeline)agreedbytheNationalGovernmentand
theFARC-EPandwhichistoguidetheendoftheprocessforendingtheconflictfollowingthe
signingoftheFinalAgreement.
Underarrangementssimilartothosesetoutinthepreviousparagraph,betweendayD+150and
dayD+180theUnitedNationswillproceedtoremoveallthestoredweapons,oncetheyhave
been deactivated to prevent use as weapons of war, and to destroy the grenades and
ammunition.
ThisactivitymustbeproperlycoordinatedbetweentheFARC-EP,theIC-MVMandtheNational
Governmentinviewofthelogisticalandsecurityeffortentailed.
TheIC-MVMwillnotifytheMVMwhenthisactivityhasbeencompleted.
OndayD+180theoperationoftheTLZNsandTLPNswillcometoanendandtheBilateraland
Definitive Ceasefire and Cessation of Hostilities will be completed, in accordance with the
roadmap(timeline)agreedbytheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPwhichistoguidethe
endoftheprocessforendingtheconflictfollowingthesigningoftheFinalAgreement.
On completion of the process of removing the weapons in accordance with the agreed
procedures,theUnitedNationswillcertifythatthisprocesshasbeencompletedandproceedto
notifytheNationalGovernmentandthegeneralpublic.
TheIC-MVMwillinformtheMVMofthecompletionofeachstageintheLayingdownofArms
process,basedon thearrangementssetout in theAgreementon theBilateralandDefinitive
CeasefireandCessationofHostilitiesandLayingdownofArms.Theinformationmustdetailthe
activitiesundertaken,inaccordancewiththeinformationpreviouslysuppliedtotheIC-MVMby
theFARC-EP.Inthisway,theMVMwillcertifyeachstageoftheprocessandinformthegeneral
public.
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ANNEXA
PROCEDUREFORTHEREGISTRATION,IDENTIFICATION,MARKINGANDSTORAGEOF
WEAPONS
Theregistration, identificationandmarkingofweaponswillbecarriedoutbythe IC-MVMas
follows:
PERSONALWEAPONS
• Aformcontainingthefollowinginformationwillbecompletedforeachweapon:
o Typeofweapon(machinegun,rifle,pistol,homemadeweaponetc.)
o Calibre(.50,7.62mm,etc.)
o Model(M16A1,AK-47,etc.)
o Nameofpersoncarryingtheweapon
• The IC-MVM observer will verify the information on the weapon form through a visual
inspectionoftheweapon.
Theobservermustcheckthattheinformationontheformincludesthefollowingdetails:
o Typeofweapon
o Calibre
o Model
o Nameofpersoncarryingtheweapon
• The weapon will then be assigned an identification number in the form of a barcode,
alphanumeric code or QR code. A label bearing the weapon code will be placed on the
weapon,andan identical labelwillbeplacedonthe form.Theweaponsbelongingtothe
FARC-EP members assigned to the MVM and the weapons belonging to the FARC-EP
memberswhoaretogooutonactivitiesrelatedtothepeaceprocess(atotalof60atnational
level, plus 10 per TLZN and up to eight per TLPN)will be stored in containers for these
purposes. For these purposes there must be coordination over where and when these
weaponswillbehandedover.
• Theothercombatantswillcarrytheirpersonalweapons,whichwillbesubjecttomonitoring
andverificationbytheIC-MVM.
• The combatants will then be registered personally, under their combat name. The
combatant’s namewill be entered in the database togetherwith the code for his or her
weapon.
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• Theformswillbestoredsecurelyandconfidentially.The IC-MVMwillbethecustodianof
informationconcerningtheLA.
SMALLARMS,MILITIAWEAPONS,GRENADESANDAMMUNITION
TheIC-MVMwillberesponsibleforverifyingcompliancewiththisprotocol.Indoingsotheywill
coordinatewiththeFARC-EPcommanderineachcamp.
• TheIC-MVMwillproceedtoregisterandidentifytheaforementionedweapons,grenadesand
ammunition for inventory control purposes, and will carry out a cross-check with the
informationontheforms.Theseweaponswillbeassignedanidentificationnumberinthe
formofabarcode,alphanumericcodeorQRcode.
• Oncompletionoftheinspection,thesmallarms,militiaweapons,grenadesandammunition
willbeplacedintemporaryweaponsstores.
• Theformswillbestoredsecurelyandconfidentially.The IC-MVMwillbethecustodianof
informationregardingtheLA.
• OndayD+60thesmallarms,militiaweapons,grenadesandammunitionpreviouslyheldin
temporaryweaponsstoreswillbestoredincontainers.
STORAGEOFWEAPONSANDAMMUNITION
Weaponsandammunitionwillbestoredincontainersdesignedforthispurpose.
Theareadesignatedtohousethecontainersmusthavethefollowingfeatures:
• ItwillhaveaperimetersecuritysystemthathasbeenagreedbetweentheIC-MVMandthe
FARC-EP.
• Therewillbesignsstatingthataccesstotheareaisrestricted.
• The containers or temporary structureswill be paintedwhite andwill display theUnited
Nations logo.Theywillhaveshelvesonwhichtostoretheweapons,arrangedbyweapon
typetofacilitateinventorycontrol.
• Thecontainerswillbesecuredbyadoublelocksystem,withoneofthekeysbeingheldby
theIC-MVMandtheotherbytheFARC-EPcommanderoftheTLZNorTLPNinquestion.
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• Perimeter lighting will be installed which will turn on automatically during the hours of
darknessandwillilluminatethecontainersandthesurroundingarea.
• AnalarmsystemconnectedtotheIC-MVMbaseandtheFARC-EPcommanderinthecamp
willissueawarningwhenthecontainerisopened.Thewarningsystemwillbeactivatedeach
time a container is opened, exceptwhere the systemhas been switchedoff to allow for
inventorycontrolinspections.
• The IC-MVM observers will not handle explosive material or ammunition other than in
exceptionalcircumstances.
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OTHER AGREEMENTS AND THE DRAFT LAW ON AMNESTY, PARDON AND SPECIAL
CRIMINALTREATMENT
AGREEMENTOF7NOVEMBER2016
I.-Toimplementtherighttopeace,oncetheFinalAgreementtoendthearmedconflictandbuild
astableandlastingpeacehasbeenapproved,theNationalGovernment,bymeansofthespecial
legislativeprocedureforpeaceorbymeansofsomeotherlegislativeact,iftheformerprocedure
isnolongervalid,shallimmediatelysetintrainalegislativeactrepealingarticle4ofLegislative
Act01of2016andincorporatingthefollowingtransitionalarticleregardingtheFinalAgreement
intothePoliticalConstitution:
“TransitionalarticleXX:
“Toimplementtherighttopeace,thecontentoftheFinalAgreementtoendthearmedconflict
andbuildastableandlastingpeace,signedon12November2016,whereitrelatestotherules
ofinternationalhumanitarianlaworfundamentalrightsdefinedinthePoliticalConstitutionand
rightsrelatedtothoserights,shallbeanobligatoryparameterforinterpretationandapointof
referencefortheimplementationandvalidityoftherulesandlawsimplementinganddeveloping
theFinalAgreement.
State institutions and authorities are obliged to comply with the provisions of the Final
Agreement in good faith. Consequently, the actions of all state bodies and authorities, any
regulatorydevelopmentsoftheFinalAgreementandtheirinterpretationandapplicationmust
bewhollyconsistentwithwhathasbeenagreed,preservingthecontent,thecommitments,the
spiritandtheprinciplesoftheFinalAgreement.
Thisarticle takeseffect from thisdateand remains ineffectuntil theendof three complete
presidentialtermssubsequenttothesignatureofthetheFinalAgreement.”
II.-Priorandautomaticcontrolofconstitutionality:Thelawsandlegislativeactsprocessedunder
the Special Legislative Procedure for Peace shall undergo a single and automatic check for
constitutionality after they come into effect. The constitutionality of legislative acts shall be
checkedonlyinrelationtoproceduraldefectsintheirformation.Statutorylawsshallundergo
prior control, in accordance with the provisions of article 153 of the Constitution. The time
allocatedforsuchcheckingoflawsandlegislativeactsshallbereducedtoathirdofthatallocated
undertheordinaryprocedureandmaynotbeextended.Constitutionalcontrolrelatingtothe
implementationoftheFinalAgreementbymeansofordinarylawsshallbesingleandautomatic
andshalltakeplaceafterthesecomeintoeffect.
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III.-TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPagreethattheFinalAgreementtoendtheconflict
andbuildastableandlastingpeaceshallbesignedasaspecialagreementunderthetermsof
CommonArticle3ofthe1949GenevaConventionsand,immediatelyfollowingitssignature,it
shall be deposited with the Swiss Federal Council in Bern or with any such organisation as
replaces it in the futureas thedepositoryof theGenevaConventions, replacing theprevious
depositinitsentirety,alloftheforegoingwiththescopedefinedbytheICRCinitscommentary
no.850,whichisreproducedbelow:
“Apeaceagreement,ceasefireorotheraccordmayalsoconstituteaspecialagreementforthe
purposesofcommonArticle3,orameanstoimplementcommonArticle3,ifitcontainsclauses
thatbringintoexistencefurtherobligationsdrawnfromtheGenevaConventionsand/ortheir
AdditionalProtocols.Inthisrespect,itshouldberecalledthat‘peaceagreements’concludedwith
aviewtobringinganendtohostilitiesmaycontainprovisionsdrawnfromotherhumanitarian
lawtreaties,suchasthegrantingofanamnestyforfighterswhohavecarriedouttheiroperations
in accordance with the laws and customs of war, the release of all captured persons, or a
commitmenttosearchforthemissing.Iftheycontainprovisionsdrawnfromhumanitarianlaw,
or if they implement humanitarian law obligations already incumbent on the Parties, such
agreements,ortherelevantprovisionsasthecasemaybe,mayconstitutespecialagreements
undercommonArticle3.Thisisparticularlyimportantgiventhathostilitiesdonotalwayscome
toanendwiththeconclusionofapeaceagreement.”
IV.-Likewise,theNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPagreethat,oncetheFinalAgreementto
endthearmedconflictandbuildastableandlastingpeacehasbeenapproved,apresidential
declarationshallbemadeintheformofaunilateraldeclarationoftheColombianstatebefore
theSecretary-GeneraloftheUnitedNations,citingtheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilresolution
of 25 January 2016. The declaration shall ask the Secretary-General to welcome the Final
AgreementandtorelateittoSecurityCouncilResolution2261,of25January,bygeneratingan
officialSecurityCouncildocumentandannexingthefulltextoftheFinalAgreementtoendthe
armedconflictandbuildastableandlastingpeacetothatresolution.
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AGREEMENTOF9NOVEMBER2016
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPagree:
I. LawonAmnesty, Pardonand Special criminal treatment (LeydeAmnistías, Indultos yTratamientosPenalesEspeciales).
The parties agree that theNational Government shall submit the proposed bill on Amnesty,
PardonandSpecialcriminaltreatment,thecontentsofwhichareattachedtothisAgreement,to
theCongressoftheRepublic.
Thisbillcomprisesfoursections:
Thefirstsectionconcernsitsaimsandprinciples,whichshallapplytoallitsrecipients.
Thesecondsectionconcernsamnesties,pardonsandotherspecialcriminaltreatment.
Thethirdsectionconcernsthedifferentiatedspecialcriminaltreatmentforstateagents.
Thefourthsectionconcernsthefinalprovisions,whichshallapplytoallthosesubjecttothislaw.
Theaforementionedfoursectionsshallformasingle,indivisiblebill.
TheaforementionedbillonAmnesty,PardonandSpecialcriminaltreatmentshallbesubmitted
totheCongressoftheRepublicassoonaspossibleafterthesigningoftheFinalAgreementand
shallbeprocessedasamatterofpriorityundertheprocedureprovidedforin“LegislativeAct01
of 7 July 2016, whereby legal instruments are established to facilitate and ensure the
implementationandlegislativedevelopmentoftheFinalAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflict
and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace”. It may be processed under some other legislative
procedureifthatwouldallowtheLawofAmnestytocomeintoeffectmorequickly.
Theaforementionedbillshallbepreparedfollowingthespeciallegislativeprocedureforpeace
setoutinsaidLegislativeAct.
II. Executive Secretariat of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace (Secretaría Ejecutiva de laJurisdicciónEspecialparalaPaz)
BothpartiesundertaketoimplementthenecessarymeasurestosetuptheExecutiveSecretariat
oftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceassoonaspossible,sothattheExecutiveSecretarymayduly
receivecommunicationsfromthosesubjecttothebillmentionedinItemIofthisagreement,
wherein they declare that they submit themselves to andmake themselves available to the
Special JurisdictionforPeaceandtothecommitmentsprovidedfor in theAgreement for the
LayingdownofArms(AcuerdodeDejacióndeArmas),amongstotherresponsibilitiesasmaybe
agreedbytheparties.
III. LegislativeActforCreatingtheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.(ActoLegislativodecreacióndelaJurisdiciónEspecialparalaPaz)
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ThepartiesagreethattheNationalGovernmentshallsubmitadraftLegislativeActforCreating
theSpecialJurisdictionforPeacetotheCongressoftheRepublic.
The Legislative Act for Creating the Special Jurisdiction for Peace shall be submitted to the
CongressoftheRepublicthedayafterthecomingintoeffectofthe“LegislativeAct01of7July
2016,wherebylegalinstrumentsareestablishedtofacilitateandtoensuretheimplementation
andlegislativedevelopmentoftheFinalAgreementtoEndtheArmedConflictandBuildaStable
andLastingPeace”orassoonaspossible,intheeventthatLegislativeAct01of7July2016does
notultimatelycomeintoeffect.
ThisdraftLegislativeActshallcontainthefollowing:
1.-TheintroductionintothePoliticalConstitutionofatemporaryarticlewherebytheSpecial
JurisdictionforPeaceshallbecreated.
2.-Thistemporaryarticleshallcontaintheconstitutionalruleson:
a) The Special Jurisdiction for Peace, being a special jurisdiction that autonomously and
preferentiallyexercises judicial functionsformatterswithin its jurisdiction,particularly
with respect to conduct deemed to constitute a serious breach of international
humanitarian law or a serious violation of human rights. It shall only apply to acts
committedpriortoitscomingintoeffect.
b) ArulewhichestablishesthattheTribunalforPeaceasthehighestauthorityandultimate
appealbodyfortheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
c) Thecreationofeachof thebodiesof theSpecial Jurisdiction forPeace,aswellas the
numberofmembersineachbody:
(i)JudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruth,ResponsibilityandDeterminationofFacts
andConduct(SaladeReconocimientodeVerdad,deResponsabilidadydeDeterminacióndelosHechosyConductas),(ii)JudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon(SaladeAmnistíaoIndulto),(iii)JudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations(SaladeDefinicióndeSituacionesJurídicas),(iv)TribunalforPeace(TribunalparalaPaz),(v)InvestigationandProsecutionUnit(UnidaddeInvestigaciónyAcusación).
3.-AcknowledgementofthepoweroftheJustices,whoaremembersoftheSJP,toadoptthe
rulesofthisjurisdiction.
4. - The Justices and prosecutors of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace shall be Colombian
nationals,withoutprejudicetotheprovisionsregardingtheparticipationofforeignjuristsinthe
capacityofamicicuriae,assetout in Items65and66of theAgreementcreating theSpecial
JurisdictionforPeace.
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TheJusticesandprosecutorsdonothavetobeprofessionaljudges,andthereshallbenoage
restrictionsplaceduponsuchJusticesandprosecutors.
5.-ThepowerofthejusticesoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacetoproposetoCongressthe
proceduralrulesfortheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofItem
46oftheagreementcreatingthatjurisdiction.Thoserulesshallalsoincludeguaranteesofthe
rightstocounselanddueprocess,aswellasthefreedomtochoosealawyerentitledtopractice
in any country. Once the justices of the Jurisdiction for Peace have drawn up the proposed
proceduralrules,theyshallbeprocessedbyCongress.
6. - Special system for theenforcementof constitutional rights in theConstitutionalCourt in
accordancewithItem52oftheAgreementcreatingtheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
7.-Theextraditionsystem,throughincorporationintothePoliticalConstitutionofthetextset
outinItem72oftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceAgreement,exceptforthestatement“(…)In
theFinalPeaceAgreement(..)”,inthelastparagraphthereof.
8.-Participationinpolitics,assetoutinItem36oftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceAgreement.
9.-Specialsystemfortheresolutionofconflictsconcerningjurisdictionandresponsibility.
10.-TheentryintooperationoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,datingfromtheapprovalof
this LegislativeAct,without the need for any implementing regulations, notwithstanding the
approvaloftheproceduralrulesandtherulesofthatjurisdiction.
In addition to the previous constitutional rules, the partiesmay include other aspects in the
aforementioned Legislative Act, such as how the sentences previously imposed under the
ordinarycourtsysteminrelationtopersonsandconductfallingwithintheremitoftheSpecial
JurisdictionforPeaceshallbehandled.
The Commission for Monitoring, Promoting and Verifying the Implementation of the Final
Agreementmadeupoftheparties,forthepurposeofimplementingtheFinalAgreement,shall
draft a text of the proposed Legislative Act or shall verify that the proposed Legislative Act
presentedtoCongresscoincideswiththeprovisionsofthisAgreement.
TheNationalGovernmentundertakesnottodealwithanyapplicationforextraditionthatmay
affectthepersonsreferredtoinItem72oftheSJPAgreement,untilsuchtimeastheLegislative
ActforCreatingtheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacecomesintoeffect.
Bothpartiesagreethat,duringthefirstyearaftertheFinalAgreementcomesintoeffect,any
componentsofthe“ComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-repitition”
whicharenotprovided for in thisAgreement,or inotheragreements regardingpriorities for
regulatory implementation included in the Final Agreement, shall be incorporated into the
Colombianlegalsystem.
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SPECIALIMPLEMENTATIONAGREEMENTTOSELECTTHEEXECUTIVESECRETARYOFTHE
SPECIALJURISDICTIONFORPEACEANDENSUREITSDUEOPERATION
Havana,RepublicofCuba,19August2016
This Special Implementation Agreement to select the Executive Secretary of the SpecialJurisdiction for Peace and ensure its due operation has been entered into between theGovernmentofColombiaandtheFARC-EP:
1. In accordancewith section 68of theAgreement on Special Jurisdiction for Peaceof 15
December 2015, the delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP at the
NegotiationTablehavedetermined,bymutualagreement,toentrusttheUnitedNations
with appointing the Executive Secretary of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace (SJP)
(JurisdicciónEspecialpara laPaz). TheExecutiveSecretarymustmeet the requirements
providedinthesaidAgreementandmustbeaColombiancitizen.TheExecutiveSecretary
maybemaleorfemaleandmustpreferablyhaveexperienceintheadministrationofjustice.
The selected Executive Secretary will be confirmed by the selection committee of the
justicesof theSpecial Jurisdiction forPeace.Adecisionnot toconfirmtheappointment
mustbemadebyavoteinfavourofthequalifiedmajorityestablishedintheagreementto
setupthesaidcommittee.
2. TheappointmentoftheExecutiveSecretarywillbecarriedoutassoonaspossiblebythe
HeadoftheMonitoringandVerificationMechanism(MVM)oftheUnitedNations,which
istheindependentmechanismagreedbytheparties.
3. UntilthepostofExecutiveSecretaryoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceandtheExecutive
SecretariatofthesaidJurisdictionhavebeencreatedwithinthestructureofthestate,the
ExecutiveSecretarywillactasanofficialoftheUnitedNationsforatransitionalperiod.
4. The National Government undertakes to provide the Executive Secretary with the
cooperationheorsherequirestodischargehisorhertransitionalduties.Onthedatewhen
theExecutiveSecretaryisappointed,theNationalGovernmentwilldeterminethesenior
officialwhowillserveasalinkforthefulfilmentofthisundertaking.
5. InaccordancewithItem16ofthesaidAgreementontheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,the
GovernmentundertakestoensurethecreationoftheExecutiveSecretariatandtoprovide
thefinancialresourcestoguaranteethattheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacebeginstooperate
in an appropriate, efficient manner in accordance with the rules governing its
implementation.
6. TheExecutiveSecretaryappointedinaccordancewiththeprovisionscontainedinthefirst
sectionofthisagreementwillassumethefollowingdutiesforatransitionalperiod:"(a)To
coordinatewith theMinistryof Justice theplan for thecreationandcommencementof
operationsoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceandthetimetabletoenablethatJurisdiction
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todulyoperateandtoputforwardtherelevantrecommendationstotheMinistryofJustice
assoonaspossible;(b)topromotetheadoptionofthedecisionsandmeasuresnecessary
toensurethattheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon(SaladeAmnistíaeIndulto)andtheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations(SaladeDefinicióndelasSituacionesJurídicas)maybeginperformingtheirdutiesfromthedateoftheircreation;(c)topromote
thedecisionsandmeasuresnecessarytoenableallthebodiesoftheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peaceandits justicesandprosecutorstodulybeginoperatinginidealfacilities,withthe
technical, computer, administrative andpersonnel support that theywill require; (d) to
providethenecessarycoordinationwiththebodiesthat,inaccordancewiththeagreement
tocreatetheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,mustsubmitreportstotheJudicialPanelfor
AcknowledgementofTruth,ResponsibilityandDeterminationofFactsandConduct(Salade Reconocimiento de verdad, responsabilidad y determinación de los hechos y lasconductas)toenablethemtodulysubmitsuchreports;and(e)totaketheothernecessary
actions to establish adequate institutional capacity to allow the Special Jurisdiction for
Peacetoeffectivelydischargeitsdutiesinaccordancewiththeprovisionsestablishedinthe
agreementtocreatethesaidJurisdictionandinparticulartoguaranteetheinfrastructure,
recruitmentofpersonnel,start-upofinformationsystemsandsystemsformanagementof
judicialproceedingsandothertechnologicalresources,alongwithsufficientresourcesfor
theoperationofallthebodiesofthisJurisdictionbothinthecityinwhichitislocatedand
intheplacestowhichjusticesandprosecutorsmusttravelinordertodischargetheirduties.
7. TheExecutiveSecretarywillalsoassumethefollowingdutiesrelatingtothefulfilmentof
theagreementsonlayingdownofarmsoftheFARC-EPandgrantingofamnesties,pardons
and special criminal treatment, including the differentiated treatment for agents of the
state:(a)ToreceivestatementsofsubmissiontotheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceandof
beingatitsdisposal;(b)toprepareareportfortheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon,
the Judicial Panel for Determination of Legal Situations and the Judicial Panel for
AcknowledgementofTruth,ResponsibilityandDeterminationofFactsandConductofthe
SpecialJurisdictionforPeacestatingthenameandthepreciseidentificationdetailsofeach
person who has made a statement of submission to the said Jurisdiction, stating the
relevant basic information such as the Panel to which the person requests access, the
request, the relevant elements to enable classification of whether the said conduct is
related to thearmedconflictand if anyproceedingsexist, their locationandwhere the
personwillbeheldintheeventthatthebodiesoftheSJPwishtoconsulthimorher;(c)to
receiveanoriginaloracopy,asappropriate,oftheundertakingssignedinaccordancewith
the agreements on the laying down of arms, application of law 418 of 1997 and the
remainingrulesinforceorthatmaybeissuedinfuturewithregardtoamnesties,pardons
andspecialcriminaltreatment,inparticularthedifferentiatedtreatmentforagentsofthe
state,andincludeinitsreporttothebodiesoftheSJPtherelevantinformationonthesaid
undertakingstofacilitatethedueinitiationoftheactivitiesofeachbodyoftheSJP.Inthe
event that the person making the request has signed an undertaking, to indicate that
person's location number to allow him or her to be consulted quickly; (d) to receive
informationfromtheMonitoringandVerificationMechanism(MVM)ontheactuallaying
down of arms and include it in the report to the bodies of the SJP or the state, as
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appropriate,andinparticularwithregardtopersonswhorequestamnestiesandpardons;
(e)inhisorherreporttothebodiesoftheSJP,theExecutiveSecretarywillgrouptogether
thecasesofcompliancewiththeparametersestablishedintheAgreementontheSpecial
Jurisdiction for Peace of 15December 2015, notwithstanding to the fact that theymay
subsequentlybesupplementedbasedonthecriteriaadoptedbythePanels.
8. TheExecutiveSecretaryoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacewilldischargethedutiesset
outinsection7ofthisagreement,comparingtheidentificationofthepersonsmakingthe
statementsofsubmissionandtherequestsreceivedonthebasisoftherulesagreedatthe
NegotiationTable,and:(a)WithregardtothemembersoftheFARC-EP,onthebasisofthe
listssuppliedandverifiedbytheproceduredefinedattheNegotiationTable;(b)withregard
toactiveor retiredmembersofColombianStateArmedForces (which includeboth the
MilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice),basedonthelistspreparedforthatpurposebythe
MinistryforNationalDefence;(c)withregardtootherpersons,onthebasisoftherelevant
judicialruling.
9. TheExecutiveSecretarywillsubmittherelevantinformationonthesubmissionofaperson
totheSJPtothejudicialauthoritiesintheeventthatjudicialproceedingsareinprogress
againstthatperson.
10. In order to discharge his or her duties, the Executive Secretary will organise and
provisionally commence the operations of the Executive Secretariat of the Special
JurisdictionforPeacesothatitisreadytooperatepermanentlywhenithasbeencreated
bymeansoftheproceduresestablishedintheColombianlegalsystem.Forthispurpose,he
or she will work to set up the Secretariat, the organisation of its infrastructure, the
recruitment of personnel, logistical, technical and computer enlistment and will obtain
sufficient resources to finance its operation and the operation of the entire Special
JurisdictionforPeace.
11. Thisagreementwillbevalidfromthemomentwhenitissignedandwillbeannulledifthe
partiesconcludethecurrentdiscussionswithoutreachingaFinalPeaceAgreement.
12. Fiveoriginal,identicalcopiesofthisSpecialAgreementaresigned,oneforeachparty,one
foreachguarantorcountryandonetobesenttotheSwissFederalCouncil fordeposit,
whichmustnotbepubliclyaccessibleuntiltheFinalPeaceAgreementhasbeensigned.
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AGREEMENTTOFACILITATETHEFULFILMENTOFTHETIMETABLEFORTHEPROCESSOF
LAYINGDOWNOFARMSESTABLISHEDBYMEANSOFANAGREEMENTOF23JUNE2016
Havana,RepublicofCuba,20August2016.
TheNationalGovernmentandtheFARC-EPshalladoptthefollowingagreementtofacilitatethe
fulfilmentofthetimetablefortheprocessoflayingdownofarmsestablishedon23June2016:
1. WithregardtothemembersoftheFARC-EPwhoaretoparticipateintheprocessoflaying
down of arms, the enforcement of arrest warrants in accordance with the provisions
establishedinArticle8ofLaw418of1997,amendedbyArticle1ofLaw1779of2016,willbe
suspended.ThesuspensionwilltakeplacefromthebeginningofthemovetotheTransitional
LocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)(ZonasVeredalesTransitoriasdeNormalización,ZVTN)andwillbemaintainedduringthesaidmoveuntiltheprocessforlayingdownofarmshas
beenconcludedoruntiltheGovernmentsodecidesintheeventofnon-compliancewiththe
provisionsoftheagreementoflayingdownofarms.
2. Inaddition,theprovisionsestablishedintheprecedingsectionwithregardtothemembers
oftheFARC-EPoutsideTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)willapplyforthe
performanceofactivitiesformingpartofthepeaceprocess.
3. Thetwoprecedingmeasureswillbeappliedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsestablishedin
thethirdparagraphofarticle88ofLaw418of1997,amendedbyarticle1ofLaw1779of
2016.
4. ThepersonsimprisonedforbelongingtotheFARC-EPwhohavebeenconvictedortriedfor
pardonablecrimesinaccordancewiththerulesinforceonthedatewhenthelayingdownof
armsbeginswill be granted thepardonprovided in Law418of 1997 and its subsequent
amendments,solelyfortheconductforwhichthelawsallowapardon.Thepardonwillbe
grantedwitheffectfromthemomentatwhichtheprocessoflayingdownofarmsbegins.
5. PersonsimprisonedforbelongingtotheFARC-EPwhohavebeenconvictedortriedfornon-
pardonablecrimesinaccordancewiththerulesinforceonthedatewhenthelayingdownof
armsbeginswill,undertheprovisionsestablishedinthePenitentiaryandPrisonCode(Law
65 of 1993) and the rules governing it, be moved to the Transitional Local Zones for
Normalisation(TLZNs)oncethemembersoftheFARC-EPintheprocessoflayingdownarms
havebeenassembledinsuchZonesinaccordancewiththeagreementof23June2016.
ThepersonsmovedwillremainintheTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)ina
stateofdetentionintheconditionsestablishedinSection7ofArticle2ofDecree4151of
2011andconcordantrules.
Suchpersonswillbelocatedinareasseparatefromthecampswherethemembersofthe
FARC-EPintheprocessoflayingdownarmsarelocatedandmaynotenterthesaidcamps.
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The movement will be carried out when the Director of the INPEC [Instituto NacionalPenitenciarioyCarcelario–NationalPenitentiaryandPrisonInstitute]receivesthecertificateissuedbytheMonitoringandVerificationMissionapprovedbyresolution2261oftheUnited
NationsSecurityCouncil,affirmingthatthenecessaryfacilitieshavebeendulyequippedto
accommodatethepersonsmoved.
TheINPECmayenterTransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(TLZNs)atanytimeforthe
purposesofverifyingcompliancewith thesystemofmovement, supervisionandcustody.
When the INPEC decides to verify the location of the person moved, it will inform the
Monitoring and Verification Mechanism in order for the Monitoring and Verification
MechanismtocoordinateitsentryinaccordancewiththeprotocolsagreedbytheNational
GovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
Beforethemovementiscarriedout,theimprisonedpersonwillsignanundertakinginwhich
he or she agrees to comply with the system for movement, supervision and custody in
accordancewiththeprovisionsestablishedinthisagreementandtosubmittotheSpecial
JurisdictionforPeacewhenitisinoperation.
Thepersonmovedwillremainatthedisposalofthejusticesysteminthetermssetoutinthe
current laws and pursuant to theDirective or instructions issued for this purpose by the
AttorneyGeneral(FiscalGeneraldelaNación).
6. ThepersonstowhomtheprovisionsestablishedinthisAgreementapplywillbemembersof
the FARC-EP according to the list supplied to the National Government by the person
expressly appointed for that purpose by the aforesaid organisation and verified by the
NationalGovernmentinaccordancewiththeprovisionsestablishedinthe"FinalAgreement"
andthepersonsclassifiedasmembersorcollaboratorsoftheFARC-EPinacourtrulingissued
priortothestartoftheimplementationofthisAgreementwhoarenotrecognisedassuch.
7. ForthepurposesofSections1,2and3,apersonappointedbytheFARC-EPwillprovidethe
NationalGovernmentwith a list expressly indicating thepersons towhomSection2 also
applies for verification by the National Government in accordance with the provisions
established in the Final Agreement and subsequently supplied to the Monitoring and
VerificationMechanism(MVM)establishedintheAgreementontheBilateralandDefinitive
Ceasefire and Cessation of Hostilities and Laying down of Arms between the National
GovernmentandtheFARC-EP.
8. ForthepurposesofSections4and5,adelegatefromtheFARC-EPexpresslyappointedfor
thatpurposewillformallydelivertwolistsinwritingtotheNationalGovernmentassoonas
possible,onecontainingthemembersoftheorganisationwhoareimprisonedforanycrime
andanothercontaining thepersonswhoare imprisonedduetohavingbeenconvictedor
triedformembershipoforcollaborationwiththeFARC-EPwhoarenotrecognisedassuch.
ThelistswillbeverifiedbytheNationalGovernmentaccordingtotheprovisionsestablished
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in theFinalAgreementwithin the shortest termpossible inorder to fulfilwhathasbeen
agreedwithintheestablishedtimetable,providingthatthelistshavebeendulysupplied.The
first listreferredto inthissectionwill formpartofthefinal,single listofmembersofthe
FARC-EPcoveredbytheFinalAgreement.ForthepurposesofapplicationofthisAgreement,
theFARC-EPmaysupplypartiallistsuptothemomentofentryintoforceoftheamnestylaw.
9. For the purpose of drawing up the lists referred to in this agreement, visits by lawyers
appointedbytheFARC-EPtotheplaceswhereFARC-EPprisonersorthoseaccusedofbeing
soareimprisonedwillbeginimmediatelyinordertocollect,basedonexistinggroups,the
names and other personal particulars and the details of criminal proceedings of all the
personsimprisonedforbelongingtoorcollaboratingwiththeFARC-EP.TheNegotiationTable
will ask the office of the High Commissioner for Peace to supply the information in its
possessiononthepersonsimprisoned,charged,accusedorconvictedforbelongingtothe
FARC-EP or accused of belonging to the FARC-EP without being recognised as such. The
NationalGovernmentwillsupplytheNegotiationTablewiththeinformationinitspossession,
inthepossessionoftheOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneral(FiscalíaGeneraldelaNación)orinthepossessionoftheSupremeCounciloftheJudiciaryonpersonstriedandconvictedfor
acts relating to their membership of the FARC-EP or accused of collaborating with or
belongingtotheFARC-EPwithoutbelongingtoit.
10.TheGovernmentwillissuetheregulatorydecreesandotherrelevantadministrativerulesto
enable the movement to be carried out and to ensure compliance with the rules for
supervisionandcustodyestablishedinthisagreement.
11.Thisagreementwillbevalidfromthemomentwhenitissignedandwillbeannulledifthe
partiesconcludethecurrentdiscussionswithoutreachingaFinalPeaceAgreement.
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APPENDIXI
LAWONAMNESTY,PARDONANDSPECIALCRIMINALTREATMENT
PARTI
AIMSANDPRINCIPLES
CHAPTERI
AIMANDSCOPE
Article1.Aim.Thislawaimstogovernamnestiesandpardonsforpoliticalcrimesandpolitically
motivatedcrimes,andtoadoptdifferentiatedspecialcriminaltreatment,particularlyforstate
agentswhohavebeenconvictedof,heldfortrialfororidentifiedascommittingpunishableacts
dueto,during,ordirectlyorindirectlyrelatedto,thearmedconflict.
Article2.Scopeofapplication.Thislawshallapplyinadifferentiatedandindivisiblemannerto
anybodywhohasparticipateddirectlyorindirectlyinthearmedconflict,hasbeenconvictedof,
heldfortrialfororidentifiedascommittingpunishableactsdueto,during,ordirectlyorindirectly
relatedto,thearmedconflict,withsuchactshavingbeencommittedpriortotheFinalAgreement
comingintoeffect.Itshallalsocoveranyactseligibleforamnesty,closelylinkedtotheLaying
downofArmsprocess.
Furthermore,itshallapplytoactscommittedinthecontextofpoliticalriotsorsocialprotest,
withinthetermssetoutinthislaw.
Asfarasthemembersofanarmedrebelgroupareconcerned,itshallonlyapplytomembersof
thegroupwhohavesignedapeaceagreementwiththegovernment,withinthetermssetoutin
thislaw.
Article 3. Scope. All the principles contained in the Agreement for Creating the Special
JurisdictionforPeaceinthecontextofendingtheconflictshallapplyinrelationtoamnesties,
pardonsandotherdifferentiatedspecialcriminalmechanismsforextinctionofcriminalliability
andprimaryandaccessorialcriminalsanctions.Inthesameway,thoseprinciplesshallapplyin
respectofalladministrative,disciplinary,andfiscalsanctionsandtotherightofthestatetonot
pursuecriminalprosecution.Theprinciplesmustbeappliedinatimelymanner.
CHAPTERII
APPLICABLEPRINCIPLES
Article4.Righttopeace.Peaceisarightandanobligatoryduty.Peaceisanessentialcondition
ofanyrightanditistheinescapabledutyofColombianstoachieveandpreserveit.
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Article5.Comprehensiveness.Theamnesties,pardonsandspecialcriminaltreatment,including
thedifferentiatedtreatmentforstateagents,aremeasuresoftheComprehensiveSystemfor
Truth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence,themainpurposeofwhichistofacilitatethe
endofthe internalarmedconflict,contributetotheachievementofastableand long-lasting
peacewith guarantees of non-recurrence, take decisions that provide full legal certainty for
everyoneandrealisetherightsofvictims.Therefore,thevariouscomponentsandmeasuresof
the Comprehensive System are interconnected through mechanisms, guarantees and
requirementsforaccessingandmaintainingoneselfwithinthespeciallegalproceedingsofthe
SpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
AlltheprinciplescontainedintheAgreementforCreatingtheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceshall
applyinrespectofamnesties,pardonsandotherspecialmechanismsforextinctionofcriminal
liabilityandprimaryandaccessorialcriminalsanctions.Theforegoingshallapplyinthesameway
in respect of all administrative sanctions and the right of the state to not pursue criminal
prosecution.Theprinciplesmustbeappliedinatimelymanner.
Article6.Precedence. Amnesties,pardonsandcriminaltreatments,suchastheextinctionof
criminalliabilityandcriminalandadministrativesanctions,ortherightofthestatetonotpursue
criminal prosecution laid down in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace Agreement, including
differentiated treatment for state agents, shall take precedence over the acts of any other
jurisdictionorproceeding, particularlyover criminal, disciplinary, administrative, fiscal or any
othertypeofproceedings, foractscommitted inthecontextof,dueto,during,ordirectlyor
indirectlyrelatedto,theinternalconflict.
Amnesty shall be a mechanism for waiving criminal, disciplinary, administrative and fiscal
proceedings,thepurposeofwhichistoprovidelegalcertaintytomembersoftheFARC-EP,or
persons accused of being members of the FARC-EP, after the signing of the Final Peace
AgreementwiththeNationalGovernmentandtheendingofhostilities.Theforegoingremains
subjecttotheprovisionsofArticle40regardingthelegalcessationofownershipofproperty.
Withrespecttodisciplinaryoradministrativesanctions,amnestiesshallalsohavetheeffectof
cancellingordischargingresponsibilityordisciplinaryoradministrativesanctionsimposeddueto
conductdirectlyorindirectlyrelatedtothearmedconflict.
Article7.Acknowledgementofpoliticalcrimes.Asaresultofacknowledgingpoliticalcrimes
and in accordance with international humanitarian law, at the end of the hostilities the
Colombianstateshallgrantthebroadestpossibleamnesty.
Byreasonofthenatureanddevelopmentofpoliticalcrimesandpoliticallymotivatedcrimes,for
all purposes regarding the application and interpretation of this law, political crimes and
politicallymotivatedcrimesshallbetreatedinadifferentiatedmannertocommoncrime.Such
crimeswherethestateanditscurrentconstitutionalsystemisthevictimoftheunlawfulconduct
shallbeconsideredtobepoliticalcrimes,wheretheyarenotcommittedforpersonalprofit.
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Politicallymotivatedcrimes,thatrefertoactsspecificallyconnectedwiththedevelopmentof
the rebellion and committed during the armed conflict, aswell as acts aimed at facilitating,
supporting,financingorconcealingthedevelopmentoftherebellion,shallalsobeeligiblefor
amnesty.
Such crimes that are classified as common crimes, but which also fulfil the foregoing
requirementsanddonotinvolveunlawfulactscommittedforpersonalprofit,forpersonalgain
orforthebenefitofathirdparty,shallbeconsideredtobepoliticallymotivatedcrimes.
Article8.Equal,simultaneous,balancedandequitablespecialcriminaltreatment.Agentsof
thestateshallnotbegrantedamnestyorpardon.Agentsofthestatewhomayhavecommitted
crimesontheoccasionof,becauseof,ordirectlyorindirectlyrelatedtothearmedconflictbefore
theFinalPeaceAgreementcomesintoeffect,shallreceivedifferentiated,equal,equitableand
simultaneousspecialcriminaltreatment,inaccordancewiththisLaw.
Article9.Dutytoinvestigate,establishthetruth,prosecuteandsanction.Theprovisionsof
thislawdonotprecludetheColombianstatefromperformingitsdutytoinvestigate,establish
the truth,prosecuteand sanction serious violationsofhuman rights and seriousbreachesof
internationalhumanitarianlaw,asprovidedforintheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceAgreement.
Article10.Favourability.Intheinterpretationandimplementationofthislaw,recipientsthereof
shallbeguaranteedtheapplicationofthemostfavourablelaw.
Article11.Dueprocessandproceduralguarantees.Inalljudicialandadministrativeproceedings
arisingfromthisLaw,theproceduralprinciplesandguaranteesofdueprocessandtherightto
defenceshallberespected.
Article12.Legalcertainty.Thedecisionsandresolutionsadoptedinaccordancewiththislaw
havetheeffectofmaterialresjudicataasgroundsforlegalcertainty.Theyshallbeimmutable,
asanecessaryelementforachievingastableandlastingpeace.Theymayonlyberevisedbythe
TribunalforPeace.
Article 13. Contribution to the realisation of victims’ rights. The granting of amnesties or
pardons or any special, equal, simultaneous, balanced and equitable treatment gives no
exemptionfromthedutytocontribute individuallyorcollectivelytotheestablishmentofthe
truth or the fulfilment of any reparation obligations that may be imposed by the Special
JurisdictionforPeace.
If,duringthefiveyearsfollowingthegrantingofamnesty,pardonoranyotherspecial,equal,
simultaneous,balancedandequitabletreatment,therequirementsoftheTribunalforPeaceto
participateinprogrammestocontributetothereparationofvictims,ortocomebeforetheTruth,
CoexistenceandNon-RecurrenceCommission(ComisióndeEsclarecimientodelaVerdaddelaConvivenciayNoRepetición),orbeforetheUnitfortheSearchforPersonsdeemedasMissing
(UnidaddeBúsquedadelasPersonasDadasporDesaparecidas),wherethereisanobligationto
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appearbeforethe abovebodies,arerepeatedlyandunjustifiablyrefused,theyshall losethe
rightforthespecialsanctionsoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacetobeappliedtothem,orthe
equivalentsanctionsprovidedforinanytreatmentofthosedescribedasspecial,simultaneous,
balancedandequitable,intheeventthattheyaresubsequentlydeclaredresponsibleforanyof
theconductthatmaybeattributedtothemtherein.
PARTII
AMNESTIES,PARDONSANDOTHERSPECIALCRIMINALTREATMENT
CHAPTERI
DEJUREAMNESTIES
Article14.Dejureamnesty.Inaccordancewiththislaw,amnestyisgrantedtoanyonewhohas
beeninvolvedinthepoliticalcrimesof“rebellion”,“sedition”,“violentrioting”,“conspiracy”and
“seduction,usurpationandunlawfulretentionofcommand”andcrimesrelatedtothem.
Article15.-Forthepurposesofthislaw,thefollowingarepoliticallymotivatedcrimes:seizureof
aircraft, vessels or collective means of transport where it is not associated with
hijacking/kidnapping;compulsiontocommitanoffence;breakingandenteringofotherpeople’s
homes;unlawfulviolationofcommunications;offer,purchaseorsaleofanyinstrumentsuitable
forinterceptingprivatecommunicationsbetweenpersons;unlawfulviolationofcommunications
orcorrespondenceofanofficialnature;unlawfuluseofcommunicationsnetworks;violationof
thefreedomtowork;slander;libel;indirectslanderandlibel;damagetothirdpartyproperty;
personalfalsehood;materialfalsehoodinapublicdocument;obtainingafalsepublicdocument;
agreementtocommitanoffence;unlawfuluseofuniformsandbadges;threats;instigationto
commitanoffence;fires;disturbanceinpublic,collectiveorofficialtransportservices;possession
andmanufacture of hazardous substances or objects;manufacture, bearing or possession of
firearms,partsorammunitionsubject to restricteduse,exclusiveuseby thearmedforcesor
explosives;disturbanceofdemocraticcontests;constrainingvoters;electoralfraud;document
registration fraud; voter corruption; fraudulent vote; contract without fulfilling legal
requirements;violenceagainstapublicofficial;escape;andespionage.
TheabovelistofcrimesshallalsobetakenintoaccountbytheJudicialPanelforAmnestyand
PardonoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,notwithstandingthefactthatthisJudicialPanelmay
alsoconsiderotherconducttobepoliticallymotivatedcrimes,inaccordancewiththecriteriaset
outinthisLaw.Theconductwhichundernocircumstancesshallbesubjecttoanyamnestyor
pardonaretheonesmentionedinArticle22ofthislaw.
Inimplementingtheamnestydealtwithbythislaw,anyaggravatingcircumstancesoramplifying
provisionsofthecriminaloffencesshallbeincluded.
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Article16.Personalcoverage.Anyamnestygrantedbyoperationofthislawinaccordancewith
thepreviousArticles,shallapplyasfromthedayitcomesintoeffect,providedthatthecrimes
havebeencommittedpriortotheFinalPeaceAgreementcomingintoeffect.
Itshallapplytothefollowingpersons,bothColombianandforeignnationals,whoareorhave
beenperpetratorsoforparticipants inattemptedorconsummatedcrimes,providedthatthe
followingrequirementsaregiven:
1. Thatthe judicialorderconvicts,putsontrialor investigatesbecauseofmembershipofor
collaborationwiththeFARC-EP.
2. MembersoftheFARC-EP,aftertheFinalPeaceAgreementwiththeNationalGovernment
comesintoeffect,inaccordancewiththelistshandedoverbyrepresentativesappointedby
thisorganisationspecificallyforthispurpose,whichlistsshallbeverified,asprovidedforin
theFinalPeaceAgreement.Theforegoingapplieseventhoughthejudicialorderdoesnot
convict,putontrialorinvestigatebecauseofmembershipoftheFARC-EP.
3. ThattheconvictionstatesthattheconvictedpersonisamemberoftheFARC-EP,eventhough
heisnotconvictedforapoliticalcrime,providedthatthecrimeasaresultofwhichhehas
beenconvicted,fulfilstherequirementsofbeingarelatedoffensesetoutinthislaw.
4. Anyonewho isorhasbeen investigated,puton trialorconvicted forpolitical crimesand
politicallymotivatedcrimes,whereitmaybededucedfromthejudicial,fiscalanddisciplinary
investigations,judicialordersorbymeansofotherevidence,thattheywereinvestigatedor
putontrialbecauseofallegedmembershipoforcollaborationwiththeFARC-EP.Inthiscase,
as from the day after this law comes into effect, the party concerned shall petition the
Prosecutor(Fiscal)orcompetentProbationJudge(JuezdeEjecucióndePenas),toimplement
thisamnesty,providingordescribingtheordersorevidencethatprovetheforegoing.
Article17.LayingdownofArms.Inrelationtothepersonsreferredtoinparagraphs1and2of
theaforementionedArticle,whoareintheprocessoflayingdownarmsandwhoremaininthe
TransitionalLocalZonesforNormalisation(ZonasVeredalesTransitoriasdeNormalización)orintheagreedcamps,theamnestyshallprogressivelyapplytoeachofthemindividually,wherethe
recipienthas laiddownarms in accordancewith the timeline and corresponding registration
agreedforthispurpose.Amnestyshallalsobegrantedtothemforconductcloselylinkedtothe
LayingdownofArmsprocess.
As regards members of the FARC-EP who, because of being imprisoned, are not found in
possessionofanyarms,theamnestyshallapplytoeachofthemindividuallywheretherecipient
hassignedadeedofcommitmentundertakingnottoreturntousingarmstoattackthecurrent
constitutionalandlegalsystem.
This deed of commitment shallmatch the clearly defined text for the Laying down of Arms
process.
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Article18.Procedurefortheimplementationofdejureamnesties.
1. WithregardtothosemembersoftheFARC-EPwhoremainintheTransitionalLocalZonesfor
Normalisationorinthecampsagreedinthelayingdownofarmsprocessandwhoneither
haveongoingtrialsnorconvictions,thePresidentoftheRepublicshallissueanadministrative
act implementing the de jure amnesty, when they leave the camps to begin their
reincorporationintocivilianlife.Anylistscontainingthepersonaldataofpersonsgranted
amnestyshallbehandledasprovidedforintheDataProtectionAct,andcannotbepublicly
disclosed.
2. WithregardtoanyoneinvolvedinongoingtrialsforthecrimesmentionedinArticles14and
15 of this Law, the Office of the Attorney General (Fiscalía General de la Nación) shallimmediately apply for estoppel to the competent Trial Judge hearing the case (Juez deconocimiento).
3. With regard to anyonewho is already convicted of committing the crimesmentioned in
Articles 14 and 15 of this Law, the competent Probation Judge shall proceed with
implementingtheamnesty.
Inrelationtoparagraphs2and3above,theOfficeoftheAttorneyGeneralandtheAdministrative
Panelof theSupremeCouncilof the Judiciary (SalaAdministrativadelConsejoSuperiorde laJudicatura),shallhavetocoordinatewiththepersonsresponsibleforthelayingdownofarms
process, for the purpose of issuing the orders or decisions required, so as not to delay the
deadlinesetforbringingthislayingdownofarmsprocesstoaconclusion.
Inanycase,theamnestyshallhavetobeimplementedwithinaperiodofnotmorethantendays
asfromthetimethislawcomesintoeffect,providedthattherecipienthascompletedthelaying
downofarmsprocess,asprovidedforinArticle17ofthislawandhassignedthecorresponding
deedofcommitment.
ShouldwhatisstatedinArticles16and17,paragraphtwoofthislaw,nothappenwithinaperiod
offorty-fivedaysfromthetimethislawcomesintoeffect,therecipientoftheamnestymayapply
to the Judicial Panel for Amnesty and Pardon of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace for this,
notwithstandingtheuseofotherlegalremediesorlegalchannelstowhichhemightbeentitled.
Thejudicialofficersorauthoritiesinwhoseofficesarehandledthecriminal,disciplinary,fiscalor
otherproceedingsforthepoliticalorrelatedcrimescoveredbythisrule,shallhavetoimplement
theamnestyassoonaspossible,onpenaltyofcommittingabreachofdiscipline.
Article19. Effectivenessoftheamnesty:AsregardsthecrimescommittedpriortotheFinal
PeaceAgreementcomingintoeffect,if,aftertheamnestyhasbeenimplemented,acrimereport
issubmittedforthecrimescoveredbyArticles14and15ofthislaw,inrelationtothepersons
referredtoinArticle16,thejudicialofficialshallrefrainfrominitiatingtherespectiveprocess.
Heshalldothesameifthecrimereportreferstoconductcloselylinkedtothelayingdownof
armsprocess,forwhichanamnestyhasbeengranted.
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If,inspiteoftheforegoing,anyjudicialofficerinitiatesaprocesscontrarytowhatislaiddownin
theprevioussubparagraph,thepersonmayinvokehisstatusasapersontowhomanamnesty
hasbeengrantedinaccordancewiththelaw,asobjectivegroundsforterminationofthecriminal
proceedings.
CHAPTERIII
AMNESTIESORPARDONSGRANTEDBYTHEJUDICIALPANELFORAMNESTYANDPARDON
Article20.JudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon.Inallcasesthatarenotsubjecttodejure
amnesty, the decision to grant amnesties or pardons shall depend on the Judicial Panel for
AmnestyandPardonoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.Inaccordancewiththeprincipleof
applyingthemostfavourablelaw,governedbythislaw,andwiththeprovisionsofArticle6.5of
theAdditionalProtocolIIoftheGenevaConventionsof1949,theJudicialPanelshallimplement
theamnestyorpardonasprovidedforinthislawandintheAgreementforCreatingtheSpecial
JurisdictionforPeace.
Inanycase,theapplicationforamnestyshallhavetobedecidedwithinaperiodofnotmore
than three (3) months since application was made to the Judicial Panel, provided that the
recipienthascompletedthelayingdownofarmsprocess,asprovidedforinArticle17.
Article 21. Personal coverage. Any amnesty granted by the Judicial Panel for Amnesty and
Pardonshallapplyasfromthedaythislawcomesintoeffect,providedthatthecrimeshavebeen
committedpriortotheFinalAgreementcomingintoeffect,aswellasinrelationtoanyconduct
closelylinkedtotheLayingDownofArmsprocess,eligibleforamnesty.
Itshallapplytothefollowingpersons,bothColombianandforeignnationals,whoareorhave
beenperpetratorsoforparticipantsinattemptedorconsummatedpolitically-relatedcrimes,as
providedforinthefollowingArticlewithregardtocriteriaforbeingarelatedaction,provided
thatanyofthefollowingrequirementsaresatisfied:
1. Thatthe judicialorderconvicts,putsontrialor investigatesbecauseofmembershipofor
collaborationwiththeFARC-EP,or
2. MembersoftheFARC-EP,aftertheFinalPeaceAgreementwiththeNationalGovernment
comesintoeffect,inaccordancewiththelistshandedoverbyrepresentativesappointedby
thisorganisationspecificallyforthispurpose,andsuchlistsshallbeverified,asprovidedfor
intheFinalPeaceAgreement.Theforegoingapplieseventhoughthejudicialorderdoesnot
convict,putontrialorinvestigatebecauseofmembershipoftheFARC-EP,or
3. ThattheconvictionstatesthattheconvictedpersonisamemberoftheFARC-EP,eventhough
heisnotconvictedforapoliticalcrime,providedthatthecrimeasaresultofwhichhehas
beenconvicted,fulfilstherequirementsofbeingarelatedactionsetoutinthislaw,or
4. Anyonewho isorhasbeen investigated,puton trialorconvicted forpolitical crimesand
politicallymotivatedcrimes,whereitmaybededucedfromthejudicial,fiscalanddisciplinary
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investigations,judicialordersorbymeansofotherevidence,thattheywereinvestigatedor
putontrialbecauseofallegedmembershipoforcollaborationwiththeFARC-EP.Inthiscase,
as from the day after this law comes into effect, the party concerned shall petition the
ProsecutororcompetentSentenceEnforcementJudge,toimplementthisamnesty,providing
ordescribingtheordersorevidencethatprovetheforegoing.
Article22.Criteriaforpoliticallymotivatedcrimes.TheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon
shallgrantamnestiesforpoliticalcrimesorpoliticallymotivatedcrimes.Crimeswhichmeetany
ofthefollowingcriteriaareunderstoodtobepoliticallymotivatedcrimes:
a. Those crimes specifically related to the development of the rebellion, committed on the
occasion of the armed conflict, such as death in combat, consistent with international
humanitarianlawandthecaptureofcombatantsduringmilitaryoperations;or
b. Thosecrimeswherethestateanditscurrentconstitutionalsystemisthevictimoftheconduct;
or
c. Thatconductaimedatfacilitating,supporting,financingorconcealingthedevelopmentofthe
rebellion.
TheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardonshalldeterminetherelationshipwithpoliticalcrime
onacase-by-casebasis.
Paragraph:Innocasewillthefollowingconductbesubject,underanycircumstances,toamnesty
orpardon:
a. Crimes against humanity, genocide, serious war crimes, hostage taking or other serious
deprivationofliberty,torture,extra-judicialexecutions,forceddisappearance,rapeandother
formsofsexualviolence,childabduction,forceddisplacementandtherecruitmentofminors,
asprovidedfor intheRomeStatute. Intheeventthatanycriminalsentencehasusedthe
terms “ferocity”, “barbarity”or any suchequivalent term, amnestyorpardonmaynotbe
grantedforonlythosetypesofcriminalconductcorrespondingtothosestatedhereinasnot
eligibleforamnesty.
b. Ordinarycrimesnotrelatedtotherebellion,thatistosay,thosecrimeswhichhavenotbeen
committedinthecontextofandduetotherebellionduringthearmedconflictorwhichhave
beenmotivatedbytheopportunitytoobtainpersonalprofit,personalgainorbenefitfora
thirdparty.
The provisions of this Article do not prevent that conduct which has been independently
classifiedasordinarycrimesfrombeingconsideredpoliticallymotivatedcrimes,providedthat
theywerecommittedonthebasisofapoliticalcrimeandtherebellion.
“Serious war crime” shall be understood to mean any infringement of international
humanitarianlawcommittedaspartofasystematicattack.
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Article23.-WhereitistransferredfromtheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations
(SaladeDefinicióndeSituacionesJurídicas),theJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardonshallgrant
thepardonthatdischargesthesanctionsimposed,forthefollowingcrimesorothers,committed
in the context of civil disorder or social protest, provided that they are politicallymotivated
crimes, in accordance with the criteria set out in Article 22: personal injury resulting in
disablementforlessthan30days;damagetothirdpartyproperty;disruptionofpublic,collective
or official transport services; obstruction of public highways which affects law and order;
dischargingoffirearms;useorthrowingofhazardoussubstancesorobjects;andviolenceagainst
apublicofficial;disruptionofofficialevents;andviolentriotingundertheColombianCriminal
Code.
Article24. Procedureandeffects. Thegrantingof theamnestiesorpardons towhich this
ChapterrefersshallbegrantedonthebasisofthelistorrecommendationsthattheJudicialPanel
forAmnestyandPardonshallreceive,foranalysisandfordecisionmaking,fromtheJudicialPanel
forAcknowledgementofTruth,ResponsibilityandDeterminationofFactsandConduct.
TheJudicialPanelshallgrantamnestyorpardonincaseswherepersonshavebeenconvictedor
investigated forcrimeseligible foramnestyorpardon,both inviewof the recommendations
madebytheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruth,ResponsibilityandDeterminationof
FactsandConductandex-officioorexparte.
The Judicial Panel for Amnesty and Pardon shall analyse each case in accordance with the
principleslaiddownintheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceAgreementandinthislaw,aswellasin
accordancewiththeassessmentcriterialaiddowninArticle22ofthislaw,anditshalldecide
whetherornotsuchamnestiesorpardonsareappropriate.
Once thedecisiongrantingamnestyorpardonhasbeengiven, it shallbesent to the judicial
authoritywhich is tryingthecriminalcase, for it to fulfil thedecisionof theJudicialPanel for
Amnesty and Pardon and tomake the effects of extinction of criminal liability and criminal
sanctionsareality,asappropriate.
Oncethedecisiontogranttheamnestiesorpardonsisfirm,itshallbecomeresjudicataandmay
onlyberevisedbytheTribunalforPeace.
Whereitisdeemedinappropriatetogranttheamnestyorpardon,theJudicialPanelforAmnesty
andPardonshallreferthecasetotheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruth,Responsibility
and Determination of Facts and Conduct or to the Judicial Panel for Determination of Legal
Situations, so that based on the determination already made, it may take the appropriate
decisioninaccordancewithitspowersandjurisdiction.
Article25.Submissionoflists. TherepresentativesappointedbytheFARC-EPspecificallyfor
thispurposeshallbelegitimaterepresentativesforsubmittingtotheauthorities,includingthe
judicialauthorities,ortotheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,thelistsofpersonswhoaremembers
of therebelorganisationwhichhassignedtheFinalPeaceAgreement,andsuch listsshallbe
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verifiedasprovidedforintheFinalPeaceAgreement.Theselistsmaybesubmitteduntilsuch
time as the Judicial Panel for Amnesty and Pardon of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace has
finishedexaminingthejudicialstatusofallmembersoftheFARC-EP.
Article26.Obtainingadditionalinformation.Wheredeemednecessary,theJudicialPanelfor
AmnestyandPardonmayobtainadditionalinformationthroughinterviews,documentrequests
andanyothermeanswhichitconsidersappropriate.
CHAPTERIV
JURISDICTIONANDOPERATIONOFTHEJUDICIALPANELFORDETERMINATIONOF
LEGALSITUATIONS
Article 27. Judicial Panel for Determination of Legal Situations. The Judicial Panel for
DeterminationofLegalSituationsoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceshallhavethefollowing
functions:
1.-DeterminethejudicialstatusofanyonewhohasgainedaccesstotheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peaceinrelationtotwocases:personswhoshallnotbesubjecttoamnestyorpardonorwho
shallnotbeincludedintheresolutionofconclusions,andpersonswhoshallnothavetobecalled
toaccountbeforetheTribunal,becauseofbeingworthyofamnestyorpardon.
2.- Determine how the sentences previously imposed by the judicial system with regard to
personssubjecttotheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceshallbetreated,includingtheextinctionof
criminalliabilitybecausethesanctionisunderstoodtohavebeenserved.
3.-Sothatswiftandfulljusticemaybeadministered,determinepossibleproceduralselection
andprioritisationmechanismsforanyonewhodoesnotacknowledgetruthandresponsibility.
Whenmakingitsdeterminations,thisJudicialPanelshallassessthedecisionstakenbytheJudicial
PanelforAcknowledgementofTruth,ResponsibilityandDeterminationofFactsandConductof
the Special Jurisdiction for Peace, with regard to concentrating its functions on the most
representativecases, inaccordancewith thepowersand jurisdictionof this JudicialPanel for
AcknowledgementofTruth,ResponsibilityandDeterminationofFactsandConduct.
4.-Tofulfilitsduty,describetherelationshipoftheconducttothearmedconflict.
5.- Takeanyotherdecisionsneeded todetermine the judicial statusofanyonewhowasnot
grantedamnestyorpardon,orhasnotbeensubjecttoresolutionofconclusions.
6.-Attherequestofthepersonunderinvestigation,determinethejudicialstatusofpersonswho,
withoutbelongingtoarebelorganisation,maycurrentlybeundergoinginvestigationforconduct
thatmaycomeunderthejurisdictionoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.TheJudicialPanelshall
decidewhetheritisappropriatetoreferittotheJudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardon,whether
itisappropriatetoreferittotheJudicialPanelforAcknowledgementofTruth,Responsibilityand
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DeterminationofFactsandConduct,orwhether,inordertodeterminethejudicialstatus,itis
appropriatetowaiveitsrighttopursuecriminalordisciplinaryprosecution,inthislastcasealso
inrespectofnon-combatantcivilians,ortoapplyanyotherlegalmechanism,asappropriate.The
decisiondeterminingthejudicialstatusshallbecomeresjudicata.
7.-Toensuretheefficient,effectiveandswiftoperationoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,the
Judiciary Panel shall have the widest possible powers to organise its tasks, include working
committees, fixpriorities, collect similar casesanddetermine inwhatorder it shalldealwith
them,aswellastoadoptselectionanddecongestioncriteria.Whenexercisingthesepowersit
shall take intoaccount theneedtoprevent themostseriousandrepresentativecrimes from
remainingunpunished,andalsotopreventwork-overloadfortheTribunal.
8.-Determinethe judicial statusofanyonewhohasnotbeendecisively involved in themost
seriousandrepresentativecrimes,particularlyinrelationtotheconductreferredtoinArticle22
ofthisLaw.
9.-Receivetheappropriateinformationfromsocial,trade-unionandhumanrightsorganisations
andprocessesthatarepartoftheEthnicandPopularAgrarianSummit(CumbreAgraria,ÉtnicayPopular),wherethefollowingcrimesareinvolved,committedinthecontextofcivildisorderor
socialprotest:violentrioting,obstructionofpublichighways,throwingofhazardoussubstances,
violenceagainstapublicofficial,disruptionofpublictransport,damagetothirdpartyproperty,
personalinjuryandothercrimescausedwithintheframeworkofthePublicSafetyLaworinsocial
protest.Inthesecases,theJudicialPanelshallusemechanismsfordiscontinuingproceedings,
withtheaimofdischargingtheactionandresponsibilityoritmaysendthisinformationtothe
JudicialPanelforAmnestyandPardonforsuchpurposesasitmayhavejurisdiction.
10.-Decideonwaivingcriminalprosecutionagainstpersonswho,havingdirectlyorindirectly
participatedinthearmedconflictasminorswhentheunlawfulconduct,whichcomesunderthe
jurisdictionoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,wascommitted,areheldresponsibleforcrimes
noteligibleforamnesty,asprovidedforintheprinciplesadoptedbytheUnitedNationsinthis
matter.
Article28.Sphereofpersonalcompetence.Notwithstandingwhatislaiddownforagentsof
the state in Section III of this law and as provided for in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace
Agreement, the Judicial Panel for Determination of Legal Situations shall try caseswithin its
jurisdiction, in relation to the following Colombian and foreign nationals, whether they are
responsibleasperpetratorsorparticipantsinattemptedorconsummatedcrimes:
1. MembersoftheFARC-EP,aftertheFinalPeaceAgreementwiththeNationalGovernment
comesintoeffect,inaccordancewiththelistshandedoverbyrepresentativesappointedby
thisorganisationspecificallyforthispurpose,andsuchlistsshallbeverified,asprovidedfor
intheFinalPeaceAgreement.
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2. Personswho,forconductdeployedincontextsrelatedtoexercisingtherighttoprotestor
internaldisturbances,havebeencriminallyprosecutedforthecrimessetoutinArticle112
(personalinjuryresultingindisablementforlessthan30days),Article265(damagetothird
partyproperty),Article353(disruptiontopublic,collectiveorofficialtransport),Article353A
(obstructionofpublichighwayswhichaffects lawandorder),Article356A (dischargingof
firearms), Article 359 (use or throwing of hazardous substances or objects) Article 429
(violenceagainstapublicofficial),Article430(disruptionofofficialevents)andArticle469
(violentrioting)of theColombianCriminalCode.Otherpersonsconvictedofcrimesother
thantheforegoingasaresultoftakingpartinprotestactivitiesmayasktheJudicialPanelfor
DeterminationofLegalSituationstolookattheirconvictions,iftheycandemonstratethat
theconductforwhichtheywereconvictedwasnotmoreseriousthantheformsofconduct
providedforintheabovearticlesoftheCriminalCode.
3. Personswhoareheldfortrialorwhohavebeenconvictedforpoliticalorrelatedcrimeslinked
tomembershipoforcollaborationwiththeFARC-EP,withoutacknowledgingthattheyare
partoftheaforementionedorganisation. Inthiscase,thepersonshallprovidethejudicial
ordersorotherdocumentsfromwhichitmaybeinferredthattheprosecutionorconviction
wasduetoanallegedconnectionwiththisorganisation.
The foregoingdoesnotprevent the JudicialPanel forDeterminationof Legal Situations from
exercising its jurisdiction in relation to the persons indicated in paragraph 63 of the Special
JurisdictionforPeaceAgreement,inthetermsprovidedforinthisagreement.
Article29.AssessmentcriteriaoftheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations.Any
personstowhomthecrimescommittedinthecontextofandduetothearmedconflictmaybe
subjecttothedecisionsmentionedinthischapter,providedthattheydonotconstitute:
1. Casesofdecisive involvement in the followingcrimes:crimesagainsthumanity,genocide,
seriouswar crimes, hostage taking or other serious deprivation of liberty, torture, extra-
judicial executions, forced disappearance, rape and other forms of sexual violence, child
abduction,forceddisplacementortherecruitmentofminors,asprovidedforintheRome
Statute,notwithstandingthepowersetoutinparagraph2ofArticle27ofthisLaw.
2. Ordinarycrimeswhichhavenotbeencommittedinthecontextoforinrelationtothearmed
conflictorwhichhavebeenmotivatedbytheopportunitytoobtainpersonalprofit,personal
gainorbenefitforathirdparty.
Article30.DecisionsgivenbytheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations.Taking
intoaccountthestageoftheproceedingsbeforeanyjurisdictionthataffectsthepartyappearing,
theJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationsmaymakethefollowingdecisions,among
othersthatmaybewithinitsjurisdiction:
1. Waiverofcriminalprosecution
2. Stayofproceedings
3. Suspendedenforcementofthesentence
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4. Extinctionofcriminalliabilitybecausethesanctionhasbeenserved
5. Theotherdecisionsneededtodeterminethejudicialstatus
Article31.Procedureandeffects.Thedecisionstowhichthischapterrefersshallbegrantedon
the basis of the referral of cases by the Judicial Panel for Acknowledgement of Truth and
ResponsibilityandDeterminationofFactsandConduct.TheJudicialPanelforDeterminationof
LegalSituationsshallanalyseeachcaseinaccordancewiththeassessmentcriteriaofArticle29,
andshalldecidewhatisappropriate.
Once it is firm, thedecision taken shall become res judicata andmayonlybe revisedby the
SpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
IfitisconsideredinappropriatetotakeanyofthedecisionsindicatedinArticle30ofthisLaw,
theJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationsshallreferthecasetotheJudicialPanel
forAcknowledgementofTruthandResponsibilityandDeterminationofFactsandConduct,so
that based on the determination already made, it may take the appropriate decision in
accordancewithitsjurisdiction.
Article32.Contributiontotherealisationofvictims’rights.Theadoptionofanyofthedecisions
indicatedinArticle30ofthisLawgivesnoexemptionfromthedutytocontributeindividuallyor
collectivelytotheestablishmentofthetruthorthefulfilmentofanyreparationobligationsthat
may be imposed in accordancewith the provisions of the Comprehensive System for Truth,
Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence.
If,duringthefiveyearsfollowingtheadoptionofanyofthedecisionsindicatedinArticle30of
thisLaw,therequirementsoftheTribunalforPeacetoparticipateinprogrammestocontribute
to the reparation of victims, or to come before the Truth, Coexistence and Non-Recurrence
Commission,orbeforetheUnitfortheSearchforPersonsDeemedasMissing,wherethereisan
obligationtoappearbeforetheabovebodies,arerepeatedlyandunjustifiablyrefused,theyshall
losetherightforthespecialsanctionsoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacetobeappliedtothem,
intheeventthattheyaresubsequentlydeclaredresponsibleforanyoftheconductthatmaybe
attributedtothemtherein.
CHAPTERV
SYSTEMFORRELEASE
Article33.Releaseduetotheapplicationofanamnestyorwaiverofcriminalprosecution.The
grantingofamnestyandthewaiverofcriminalprosecutioncontemplatedinthislawwillresult
in the immediate full release of those persons who have been imprisoned and who have
benefitedfromtheabovemeasures.
Article 34. Conditional release.When this law enters into force, the persons referred to in
Articles14,15,16,21and28ofthis lawwhoareimprisoned, includingthosewhohavebeen
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convictedofthecrimescontemplatedinArticles22and23,willbegrantedconditionalrelease
providedthattheyhavesignedtheundertakingcontemplatedinthefollowingarticle.
Article35.Formalundertaking.TheUndertakingtobesignedbythepersonsbenefitingfrom
releaseasprovidedinthisChapterwillcontainanundertakingtosubmittoandremainatthe
disposaloftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,anobligationtoinformtheSpecialJurisdictionfor
Peaceofanychangeof residenceandanundertakingnot to leave thecountrywithoutprior
authorisationfromtheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
TheUndertakingmustbesignedbeforetheExecutiveSecretaryoftheSpecial Jurisdictionfor
Peace.
Paragraph.Inadditiontotheundertakingsoutlinedinthisarticle,personswhoareimprisoned
for crimes forwhichnoamnestymaybegranted,when theyhavebeen releaseddue to the
applicationoftheprovisionscontainedinArticle34,may,inaccordancewithadecisionbythe
SpecialJurisdictionforPeace,bemonitoredbymeansofelectronicsurveillancesystemsorother
systemsuntiltheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacefinallyresolvestheirjudicialstatus.
Article36.Procedure.WithregardtorebelsbelongingtoorganisationsthathavesignedaFinal
PeaceAgreementandpersonswhohavebeenimprisonedonthebasisofasecuritymeasurefor
political or related crimes in accordance with the provisions of this law, the competent
prosecutorwillappearbeforeaPreTrialJudge(Juezconfuncionesdecontroldegarantías)assoonaspossible to requestconditional releaseand that judgemustverify that theperson in
questionmeetstherequirementslaiddowninArticles34and35ofthislawandmustorderthat
conditionalrelease.
WithregardtorebelswhobelongtoorganisationsthathavesignedaFinalPeaceAgreementand
personswhohavebeenimprisonedonthebasisofaconvictionforpoliticalorrelatedcrimesin
accordancewiththeprovisionsofthis law,theProbationJudge(Juezdeejecucióndepenasymedidasdeseguridad)hearingthecaseconcerningtheconvictedpersonmustverifythatthe
personconcernedmeetstherequirementslaiddowninArticles34and35ofthislawandmust
orderthatconditionalrelease.
Ifthepersonhasbeenaccusedorconvictedofcrimesforwhichnoamnestymaybegrantedthat
tookplacewithintheframeworkofthearmedconflictandatthesametimeasit,theprovisions
establishedintheaboveparagraphswillbeappliedwithregardtothereleaseandsubmissionto
theSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceuntiltheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacehasimposedtherelevant
sanctions,asappropriate,andthatpersonwillremainatthedisposaloftheSpecialJurisdiction
forPeaceintheplaceswheretheprocessofreincorporationintocivillifeagreedfortheother
membersoftheFARC-EPtakesplaceor inotherdomicilesproposedbythosebeingreleased,
withoutprejudicetotheprovisionssetoutintheparagraphinArticle35.
Personswhoareimprisonedduetoconductinsituationsrelatingtotheexerciseoftherightto
protestorinternaldisturbancesfortheoffencescontemplatedinArticles112(personalinjury
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withincapacityoflessthan30days);265(damagetothirdpartyproperty);353(disturbanceon
apublic,collective,orofficialtransportservice);353A(obstructionofpublicroadsaffectingpublic
order);356A(dischargingafirearm);359(useorthrowingofdangeroussubstancesorobjects);
429(violenceagainstpublicservants);430(disruptionofofficialacts)and469(violentrioting)of
the Colombian Criminal Code and who express their willingness to submit to the Special
JurisdictionforPeaceandappearbeforetheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations
torequesttheapplicationofmechanismsofstayofproceedingswithaviewtotheextinctionof
criminalliabilityshallalsobereleasedassoonaspossible.Inthesecases,thefollowingwillbe
competenttodecideontheirrelease:
a) Withregardtopersonswhohavebeenimprisonedonthebasisofasecuritymeasure,the
competent prosecutor will appear before a Pre Trial Judge duties to request conditional
releaseandthatjudgemustverifythatthepersonconcernedmeetstherequirementslaid
downinArticles34and35ofthislawandmustorderthatconditionalrelease.
b) Withregardtopersonswhohavebeenimprisonedonthebasisofaconviction,theProbation
Judge hearing the case concerning the convicted person must verify that the person
concernedmeetstherequirementslaiddowninArticles34and35ofthislawandmustorder
thatconditionalrelease.
Article37.Alltheprovisionsofthislawwillbeapplicabletothepersons,conduct,offencesand
situationsprovidedtherein,regardlessofthejurisdictionbeforewhichtheyhavebeenconvicted
orarebeinginvestigatedortried.
Recognisingthesovereigntyofotherstatesinthematterstowhichtheirjurisdictionforpenal
mattersrelatesandtheirindependencetodecideonparticularcases,theNationalGovernment
shallinformthecompetentforeignauthoritiesoftheenactmentofthislawofamnesty,attaching
acopythereofsothattheymayfullyascertainitsscopewithregardtopersonsimprisonedor
investigatedorwhoareservingsentencesoutsideColombiaduetofactsorconductcoveredby
thecontentsofthislaw.
Article 38. The term for submission of accusations or reports concerning the persons
contemplatedinthislawforanyactorconductthatmaybecoveredbyanamnestyorpardon
will become subject to statute of limitation one year after the Special Jurisdiction for Peace
beginstooperate,providedthattheoffenceorconductwascommitted:
a)PriortotheentryintoforceoftheFinalPeaceAgreement,or
b)Uptothemomentwhentheprocessoflayingdownarmsends,inthecaseofconductclosely
connectedwiththefulfilmentofthatprocess.
Article39.OncetheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacehasbeguntooperate,theJudicialPanelfor
AmnestyandPardon(SaladeAmnistíaeIndulto)willberesponsiblefordealingwithrequestsforthereleaseofanypersonfallingwithinthescopeofanamnestyorpardon.Theordermustbe
immediatelyfulfilledbytheauthoritiescompetenttoreleasethepersonconcernedanditmay
notbesubjecttoanyappealwhatsoever.
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CHAPTERVI
EFFECTSOFAMNESTY
Article40.EffectsofAmnesty.Amnestyextinguishesthedutyofcriminalprosecutionandthe
main and any accessory sanctions, any action for compensation for damages arising from
punishable conduct, and responsibility arising from any compensation action against the
offender (acción de repetición) when the person granted the amnesty has performed public
duties.Theforegoingiswithoutprejudicetothedutyofthestatetorealisetherightofvictims
tofullreparationinaccordancewithLaw1448of2011.Thisiswithoutprejudicetothereparation
obligationsimposedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsestablishedintheComprehensiveSystem
forTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence.
Inanycase,theprovisionsofthisarticlewillhavenoeffectonanyactionoflegalcessationof
ownershipbroughtbythestateundercurrentrulesregardingunlawfullyappropriatedproperty.
If therealpropertyaffectedby theannulmentofownership isownedby the father,mother,
brotherorsisterorspouseofthepersongrantedamnestyandhasbeenhabituallyusedfora
long period after acquisition as his or her family home, the burden of proof of unlawful
acquisitionwillrestwiththestate.
Iftheownershipofthesaidpropertywasalreadyannulledbeforetheentryintoforceofthislaw
andthedecisiononlegalcessationofownershipclassifiedtheassetashavingbeenacquiredwith
fundsderivingfromtheactivitiesoftheFARC-EPandtheformerownerdeclaresunderoaththat
heorsheobtainedtheassetwithlawfulfunds,heorshemayrequestareviewofthejudgment
orderingthelegalcessationofownershipbeforetheCriminalDivisionoftheHigherCourtofthe
JudicialDistrict(SalaPenaldelTribunalSuperior)thatiscompetentaccordingtotheplacewhere
thepropertyislocatedorbeforetheCriminalAppealsChamberoftheSupremeCourtofJustice,
asappropriate.Ifthereviewjudgmenthasnotbeenhandeddownwithinoneyear,itmustbe
adoptedintwomonths,takingprecedenceoveranyothermatter.Therequestforreviewmay
beinstitutedwithinatermoftwoyearsfromtheentryintoforceofthis law.Allrequestsfor
reviewmustbesignedbyaplenipotentiarywhosignedtheFinalPeaceAgreement.
Paragraph.If,duetotheactsorconductforwhichanamnestyorpardonprovidedinthislaw
wasgranted,therearedisciplinaryinvestigationsorinvestigationsbyaprosecutorinprogressor
sanctionsimposedasaresultofsuchinvestigations,theamnestiesorpardonsprovidedinthis
lawwillcoverthem.Thecompetentofficialmustissuethedecisionannullingboththeactionand
thesanctionbytherelevantlegalmeansassoonaspossible.Ifthisdoesnotoccurwithinaterm
ofthree(3)monthsfromtheentryintoforceofthislaw,thepersonconcernedmayrequestthe
annulmentof theactionorsanctionbeforetheJudicialPanel forAmnestyandPardonof the
SpecialJurisdictionforPeace,withoutprejudicetotheuseofanyotherappealsorlegalcourses
thatheorshemayconsider.
Article 41. Effectsof thewaiverof criminalprosecution. Thewaiverof criminal prosecution
annulstheactionandthecriminalsanctionaswellasanyactionforcompensationfordamages
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resultingfromthepunishableconductandresponsibilityarisingfromanycompensationaction
againsttheoffender.Theforegoingiswithoutprejudicetothedutyofthestatetorealisethe
rightofvictimstofullreparationinaccordancewithLaw1448of2011.Thisiswithoutprejudice
to the reparation obligations imposed in accordance with the provisions established in the
ComprehensiveSystemforTruth,Justice,ReparationsandNon-Recurrence.
If,duetotheactsorconductforwhichawaiverofcriminalprosecution,therearedisciplinary
investigationsorinvestigationsbyaprosecutorinprogressorsanctionsimposedasaresultof
suchinvestigations,thewaiverwillcoverthem.Thecompetentofficialmustissuethedecision
annullingboththeactionandthesanctionbytherelevantlegalmeansassoonaspossible.Ifthis
doesnotoccurwithinatermofthreemonthsfromtheentryintoforceofthislaw,theperson
concernedmayrequest theannulmentof theactionorsanctionbefore the JudicialPanel for
DeterminationofLegalSituationsoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,withoutprejudicetothe
useofanyotherappealsorlegalcoursesthatheorshemayconsider.
Article42.Effectsof stayofproceedingsandconditional suspensionofenforcementof the
sanction.The stay of proceedings, the suspensionof enforcement of the sanction andother
resolutionsordecisionsrequiredinordertodefinethejudicialstatusdonotannulanyactionfor
compensationfordamages.Theaboveactionorthecriminalactionwillbeannulledwhensuch
isexpresslyresolvedbytheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations,whichalsomust
ruleontheannulmentofdisciplinaryresponsibilityandresponsibilityforprosecution.
PARTIII
DIFFERENTIATEDSPECIALCRIMINALTREATMENTFORSTATEAGENTS
SECTIONI
JURISDICTIONANDFUNCTIONINGOFTHEJUDICIALPANELFORDETERMINATIONOFLEGAL
SITUATIONS
Article 43. Judicial Panel for Determination of Legal Situations. The Judicial Panel for
DeterminationofLegalSituationswillalsoberesponsibleforgrantingagentsofthestateawaiver
ofcriminalprosecutionasoneofthemechanismsfordifferentiatedspecialcriminaltreatmentin
accordancewiththeprovisionsestablishedherein.
ThejurisdictionoftheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationsprovidedinSectionII
of this lawwill also apply where relevant to agents of the state in order to implement the
provisionsofthissection.
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SECTIONII
MECHANISMSFORDIFFERENTIATEDSPECIALPROCEEDINGSFORAGENTSOFTHESTATE
Article 44.Mechanisms for differentiated special proceedings for agents of the state: The
JudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationsoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,applying
theprincipleoffavourableproceedingsgovernedinthislaw,willapplyanyofthemechanisms
forfinalresolutionofthejudicialstatustoagentsofthestate,includingthewaiverofcriminal
prosecution,forthosewhohavebeenconvicted,triedornamedforpunishableconductdueto,
during or directly or indirectly relating to the armed conflict in accordancewith the criteria
establishedinthefollowingarticle.
Article 45. The waiver of criminal prosecution. The waiver of criminal prosecution is a
mechanismfordifferentiatedspecialcriminaltreatmentforagentsofthestatethatformspart
of the Comprehensive System whereby criminal acts, criminal responsibility and criminal
sanctions are annulled. This is necessary for building up trust and facilitating the end of the
internalarmedconflictandmustbeappliedinapreferentialmannerintheColombiancriminal
systemtohelpachieveastable,lastingpeace.
Thismechanismisnotappropriateinthecaseof:
1. Crimes against humanity, genocide, serious war crimes, taking hostages or other serious
deprivationofliberty,torture,extra-judicialexecutions,forceddisappearance,rapeandother
formsofsexualviolence,abductionofminors,forceddisplacementinadditiontorecruitment
ofminorsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsestablishedintheRomeStatute.
2. Crimesthatwerenotcommittedbecauseof,atthesametimeasordirectlyorindirectlyin
relationtothearmedconflict.
3. Crimes against the service, discipline and interests of the Colombian State Armed Forces
(whichincludeboththeMilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice)andthehonourandsecurity
oftheColombianStateArmedForcesascontemplatedintheMilitaryCriminalCode.
Article46.Procedurefortheapplicationofwaiverofcriminalprosecutionforagentsofthe
state.TheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations,ex-officioorexparte,willresolve
thejudicialstatusofagentsofthestatebymeansoftheapplicationorotherwiseofawaiverof
criminalprosecution.
Agentsofthestatewhorequesttheapplicationofthismechanismmustaccompanytheirrequest
withreports,courtrulings,disciplinary,administrativeorprosecutionreportsoradministrative
documentsthatdescribehisorherjudicialstatusandthatallowittobeestablishedthatthey
committedtheactdueto,during,ordirectlyorindirectlyrelatedto,thearmedconflict.
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When the proceedings are instituted officially, the Judicial Panel for Determination of Legal
Situationswill compile the factsnecessary to forma judgment that it considersnecessary to
determine whether the person's conduct took place due to, during, or directly or indirectly
relatedto,thearmedconflict
When the foregoing has been established, the Judicial Panel will order a waiver of criminal
prosecutionprovidedthattheconductinquestiondoesnotconstituteacrimeagainsthumanity,
genocide, seriouswarcrimes, takinghostagesorother seriousdeprivationof liberty, torture,
extra-judicial executions, forced disappearance, rape and other forms of sexual violence,
abductionofminors,forceddisplacement, inadditiontorecruitmentofminors inaccordance
withtheprovisionsestablishedintheRomeStatuteoracrimeagainsttheservice,disciplineand
interestsoftheColombianStateArmedForcesandthehonourandsecurityoftheColombian
StateArmedForcesascontemplatedintheMilitaryCriminalCode.
Whentherulinggrantingthewaiverofcriminalprosecutionhasbeenissued,itwillbesentto
thecourtthatishearingthecriminalproceedingsinorderthatthecourtmayfulfilwhathasbeen
decidedbytheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationsandimplementtheannulment
ofthecriminalaction,thecriminalresponsibilityandthecriminalsanction,asappropriate.
Article 47. Other effects of the waiver of criminal prosecution. The waiver of criminal
prosecutionalsogivesrisetothefollowingeffects:
1. Itpreventstheinstitutionofnewproceedingsfortheconductinquestion.
2. TherulinghastheeffectofresjudicataandtheymayonlybereviewedbytheTribunalfor
Peace.
3. Iteliminatesthecriminalrecordfromthedatabase.
4. It cancels or extinguishes any disciplinary or administrative responsibility or sanction, or
responsibility for prosecution or sanction resulting therefrom, that may derive from the
criminalconduct.
5. Itpreventstheinstitutionofanyactionforrecoveryandimpleaderagainstagentsofthestate,
withoutprejudicetothedutyofthestatetosatisfyvictims'righttofullreparation.
6. Its effects are orientated towards the future and it has no retroactive effects in labour,
disciplinary,administrativeorprosecutionterms.
Article48.AppealsagainstrulingsoftheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituations.
RulingsadoptedbytheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationsmaybemadesubject
to an internal appeal before the same Panel andmay only be appealed before the Appeals
ChamberoftheTribunalforPeaceattherequestofthepersonagainstwhomtherulingisissued.
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SECTIONIII
SYSTEMOFRELEASE
Article 49. Transitional, conditional early release. Transitional, conditional early release is a
benefit that formspartof thecomprehensive systemderiving fromthedifferentiatedspecial
criminaltreatmentthatisnecessaryforbuildinguptrustandfacilitatingtheendoftheinternal
armedconflictandmustbeappliedinapreferentialmannerintheColombiancriminalsystemto
helpachieveastableandlong-lastingpeace.
Thisbenefitwillbeappliedtoagentsofthestatewho,atthetimewhenthis lawcomes into
effect,aredetainedorhavebeenconvictedandwhostateoraccept their submission to the
JudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegalSituationsoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceinorder
tobenefitfromthemechanismofwaivingcriminalprosecution.
ThesaidstatementoracceptanceofsubmissionwillbemadebeforetheExecutiveSecretaryof
theSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceintheeventthattheJudicialPanelforDeterminationofLegal
Situationshasnotbeguntooperate.
Thegrantingoftemporary,conditional,earlyreleaseisabenefitthatdoesnotdefinethefinal
judicialstatuswithintheframeworkoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.Onlypersonswhohave
beenfinallyabsolvedfromresponsibilitymayrejointheColombianStateArmedForces.
Article50.Thebeneficiariesoftemporary,conditional,earlyrelease.Agentsofthestatethat
meetthefollowingrequirementswillbeconsideredasbeneficiariesoftransitional,conditional
earlyrelease:
1. Theymusthavebeenconvictedor tried forpunishableacts committeddue to,during,or
directlyorindirectlyrelatedto,thearmedconflict.
2. Theacts inquestionmustnot constitutea crimeagainsthumanity, genocide, seriouswar
crimes, taking hostages or other serious deprivation of liberty, torture, extra-judicial
executions, forced disappearance, rape and other forms of sexual violence, abduction of
minors, forceddisplacement, in addition to recruitmentofminors in accordancewith the
provisionsestablishedintheRomeStatuteunlessthebeneficiaryhasbeenimprisonedfora
periodequaltoorexceedingfive(5)yearsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsestablishedfor
alternativesanctionsintheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
3. Theymustrequestoraccept, freelyandvoluntarily, the intentiontohaverecoursetothe
systemoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
4. Theymustundertake,oncetheComprehensiveSystemforTruth, Justice,Reparationsand
Non-Recurrencehasbeguntooperate,tocontributetotruth,guaranteesofnon-recurrence,
the immaterial reparation of victims and to complywith the requirements of the bodies
comprisingthesystem.
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Paragraph1.Forthepurposesoftheabovesections,thepersonconcernedwillsignadocument
containinganundertakingbyhimorhertosubmittotheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceandstating
theobligationtogivenoticeofallchangesofresidence,nottoleavethecountrywithoutprior
authorisationfromtheSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceandtoremainatitsdisposal.
Thesaiddocumentmustexpresslystatethecourtthatishearingthecriminalproceedings,the
stageoftheproceedings,thecrimeandthelocationoftheproceedings.
Paragraph2.IntheeventthatthebeneficiaryissummonedbytheComprehensiveSystemfor
Truth, Justice, Reparations and Non-Recurrence and fails to attend or to fulfil any of the
obligationsassumed in theundertaking, the releasewillbe revoked.The releasemaynotbe
revokedforcircumstancesotherthanthosesetoutherein.
Article51.Procedurefortransitional,conditionalearlyrelease.TheNationalDefenceMinistry
willconsolidatethelistsofmembersoftheColombianStateArmedForces(whichincludeboth
theMilitaryForcesandtheNationalPolice)which,primafacie,satisfytherequirementsforthe
applicationof transitional, conditionalearly release.Todrawup the lists, informationwill be
requested from the ordinary and military criminal jurisdictions, which must reply within 15
workingdays.Oncethelistshavebeenconsolidated,theywillbesenttotheExecutiveSecretary
oftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,whowillcheckthelistsandamendthemwhereheorshe
thinksitnecessary,aswellascheckingthatthesignedundertakingreferredtointheprevious
articlehasbeengiven.TheExecutiveSecretaryoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeacewillinform
theofficialhearingthecriminalproceedingsthatthebeneficiaryhasfulfilledtherequirementsin
order for the official to grant the temporary, conditional, early release referred to in the
precedingarticleandtheofficialwillimmediatelytaketheactionordecisionrequiredinorderto
implementit.
Failuretocomplywiththeprovisionssetouthereinconstitutesadisciplinaryfault.
Article52.Supervision.Thedirectorsofpenitentiariesandprisonsfromwhichpersonsbenefiting
fromtransitional,conditional,earlyreleasewillsupervisethosereleasesuntiltheJudicialPanel
forDeterminationofLegalSituationsdeterminesmatterswithinitsjurisdiction,makinguseof
bothordinarymechanismsandthemechanismsprovidedintheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
Article 53. Final, unconditional release. The ordinary court that is hearing the criminal
proceedings will comply with an order of immediate, unconditional and final release of the
beneficiarywiththewaiverofcriminalprosecutionissuedbytheJudicialPanelforDetermination
ofLegalSituations.
SECTIONIV
IMPRISONMENTINAMILITARYORPOLICEUNITFORMEMBERSOFTHEMILITARYORTHE
POLICEFORCESWITHINTHEFRAMEWORKOFTHESPECIALJURISDICTIONFORPEACE
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Article54.ImprisonmentinaMilitaryorPoliceUnitformembersoftheMilitaryorthePolice
Forces.ImprisonmentinaMilitaryorPoliceUnitformembersoftheMilitaryorthePoliceForces
within the framework of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace is a benefit deriving from the
differentiatedspecialcriminaltreatmentthatformspartoftheComprehensiveSystemandthat
isnecessaryforbuildinguptrustandfacilitatingtheendoftheinternalarmedconflict.Itmust
beappliedinapreferentialmannerintheColombiancriminalsystemtohelpachieveastable
andlong-lastingpeace.
ThisbenefitwillbeappliedtomembersoftheMilitaryorthePoliceForceswhoaredetainedor
convictedandwhostateoraccept their submission to theSpecial Jurisdiction forPeace.The
foregoingshallrespecttherulesrelatingtoimprisonmentwithregardtootherpublicservants.
ThesaidstatementoracceptanceofsubmissionwillbemadebeforetheExecutiveSecretaryof
theSpecialJurisdictionforPeaceintheeventthatthebodiesoftheJurisdictionhavenotbegun
tooperate.
OnlypersonswhohavebeenfinallyabsolvedfromresponsibilitymayrejointheColombianState
ArmedForces.
Article55.BeneficiariesofImprisonmentinaMilitaryorPoliceUnitformembersoftheMilitary
ofthePoliceForces.MembersoftheMilitaryorthePoliceForceswho,atthemomentwhenthis
lawcomesintoeffect,havebeenimprisonedforlessthanfive(5)yearswill,inaccordancewith
theprovisionsestablishedforalternativesanctionsintheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace,continue
to be imprisoned in a Military or Police Unit provided that they comply with the following
concurrentrequirements:
1. Theymusthavebeenconvictedor tried forpunishableacts committeddue to,during,or
directlyorindirectlyrelatedto,thearmedconflict.
2. The crimes in question consist of either crimes against humanity, genocide, serious war
crimes, taking hostages or other serious deprivation of liberty, torture, extra-judicial
executions, forced disappearance, rape and other forms of sexual violence, abduction of
minors, forceddisplacement, in addition to recruitmentofminors in accordancewith the
provisionsestablishedintheRomeStatute.
3. Theymustrequestoraccept, freelyandvoluntarily, the intentiontohaverecoursetothe
systemoftheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
4. Theymustundertake,oncetheComprehensiveSystemforTruth, Justice,Reparationsand
Non-Recurrencehasbeguntooperate,tocontributetotruth,guaranteesofnon-recurrence,
the immaterial reparation of victims and to complywith the requirements of the bodies
comprisingthesystem.
Article56.ProcedureforImprisonmentinaMilitaryorPoliceUnitformembersoftheMilitary
andthePoliceForces.TheNationalDefenceMinistrywillconsolidatethelistsofmembersofthe
Colombian State Armed forces which, prima facie, satisfy the requirements for substituting
intramural imprisonmentwith Imprisonment inaMilitaryorPoliceUnit,asreferredto inthe
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preceding article. To draw up the lists, information will be requested from INPEC (National
PenitentiaryandPrisonInstitute),whichmustreplywithin15workingdays.Oncethelistshave
beenconsolidated, theywillbe sent to theExecutiveSecretaryof theSpecial Jurisdiction for
Peace, who will check the lists and amend them where he or she thinks it necessary. The
ExecutiveSecretarywill thennotify theofficialwho isdealingwith thecriminalcase that the
beneficiarysatisfiestherequirements,sothatintramuralimprisonmentmaybesubstitutedwith
ImprsisonmentinaMilitaryofPoliceUnit,asreferredtointheprecedingarticle.Theofficialwill
thenimmediatelytaketheactionorissuethedecisionnecessarytobringthatabout.
Paragraph.Intheeventthatthebeneficiaryfailstofulfilanyoftheobligationsassumedinthe
undertakingordisregardshisorherstatusasapersondeprivedofliberty,heorshewillhavethe
benefit of imprisonment in a Military Unit revoked. The order may not be revoked for
circumstancesotherthanthosesetoutherein.
Article57.Supervision.TheDirectorofthemilitaryorpolicedetentioncentreor,failingthat,the
CommanderoftheMilitaryorPoliceUnitwheremembersoftheMilitaryofthePoliceForcesare
tocontinuebeingimprisonedwillexercisecontrol,supervisionandverificationofthepersons
benefiting from Imprisonment in aMilitary or Police Unit, making use of both the ordinary
mechanismsandthemechanismsprovidedintheSpecialJurisdictionforPeace.
SECTIONIVFINALPROVISIONS
SYSTEMOFDEFENCE
Article58.Systemoffreelegaldefence.Thestatewillofferasystemofadviceanddefencefree
of charge for thebeneficiariesof this lawwhoallege that they lack sufficient resources fora
properdefencewithregardtotheproceduresandactsprovided inthis law.Thatsystemwill
provideduly-qualifieddefencelawyers.Subjecttoadecisionbytheinterestedparty,heorshe
maymakeuseofthesystemsofjudicialdefencealreadyexistinginColombia,lawyerswhoare
membersoftheColombianStateArmedForces,civilemployeesoftheMinistryofDefence,the
legalservicesofthehumanrightsorganisationsthatprovideassistancetopersonsaccusedor
convictedofactsor conduct relating to theconflictor the legal servicesof thehuman rights
organisationsthatprovidedthebeneficiarywithlegalassistanceduringhisorhercriminaltrial
orconviction.Thestatewillestablishthenecessaryfinancingagreementswiththehumanrights
organisationsdesignatedbythebeneficiariessothatallpersonsforwhomthislawisintended
maybenefitequallyfromasystemofdefence.
TERM
Article59.Thislawwillenterintoforceonthedayafteritspublicationanditrepealsallprovisions
contrarytoit.Amnesties,pardonsandotherspecialproceedingsincriminalproceedingsgranted
subsequenttothesigningoftheFinalPeaceAgreementwillretaintheirfulllegaleffectwhenthis
lawhasenteredintoforce,withoutprejudicetotheprovisionscontainedtherein.
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Signedon24November2016inBogotá,Colombia.
JuanManuelSantos TimoleónJiménez
PresidentoftheRepublicofColombiaCommander-in-ChiefoftheFARC-EP
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