Collaborate With Civil Society
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Transcript of Collaborate With Civil Society
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ONE
Strengthen the AIPR mechanism for settling disputes.
Build Institutions and Infrastructure which Support Peace/ASEANs political and
security blueprint has recommended the establishment of an ASEAN centre for peaceand reconciliation which could focus upon research about social crises in the region
and provide recommendations for conflict mediation activities and internal
mechanisms
for managing and preventing conflict.
Fifth, to activate/operationalise the ASEAN Institute for Peace and Reconciliation
(AIPR) to generate the necessary information on the roots of this conflict and
potential options for resolution;
The mandate for the establishment of AIPR is stipulated in the action line ASEAN
Political Security Blueprint B.2.2- which would promote research activities on peace,conflict management and conflict resolution in the region.
One of the first tasks for the AIPR could be to document lessons learned in ASEAN
good offices, mediation, facilitation etc. with a view to producing a lessons learned
module. Collaboration between ASEAN and UN on such an exercise could be
considered. The institute could also look beyond research and advisory roles and be
involved in more policy-making and implementation. It should not ambitiously focus
on conflict resolution, but on creating suitable conditions for resolution. One area that
the AIPR can work on conflict management is by promoting socio-economic
development in conflict areas, which are most economically underdeveloped. The
AIPR could initiate s trust fund from ASEAN members and donors that would be
used to direct financing to infrastructure projects. Joint investment promotion,
empowerment of small and medium enterprises, capacity building and development
of centres of excellence in those regions could also be seriously considered.
Focus on research, capacity building, drawing up pool of experts, developing
networks, dissemination of information. Will comprise of think tanks or second-track
institutions across the southeast asia region.
The establishment of the AIPR should be seen as another entry point for engagement
and participation from non-governmental elements in ASEAN mechanisms.
Looking at the evolutionary process which has become a common practice in ASEAN
and also considering the strict adherence to non- interference principles, a first step to
establish a more research-oriented institution is appreciated. It i
TWO
confidence and security building measures (CSBMs).
the recent outbreak of the Sabah conflict and the 2015 deadline for the
establishment of an ASEAN Political-Security Community fast approaching, thesediscussions should take on a renewed sense of urgency and more ambitious
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proposals should be considered. At the heart of these previous discussions, as well
as envisioned future talks, have been confidence and security building measures
(CSBMs).
CSBMs can take a variety of forms. These can range from information sharing
and verification regarding military budgets and unit locations, military baseinspections, invitations for neighbouring countries to observe military exercises and
prior notification of said exercises, and even the designation of demilitarized zones
in sensitive border areas. Many of these measures were pioneered in the 1999
Vienna Document, an agreement integral to the Organization for Security and
Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and to the current makeup of European security.
Person to person contacts have also emerged as an effective CSBM in a number
of security communities around the world. These can include joint military
exercises, exchanges between national militaries or other administrative bodies, and
frequent meetings or conferences at various levels.
ASEAN already extensively employs person to person contacts as a CSBM. The
ASEAN Summits, East Asian Summits, and the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF)
are all forms of high level person to person contacts and can be understood as
CSBMs for the ASEAN members themselves and for partners elsewhere in the
international community with an interest in the affairs of Southeast Asia. But there
are also grassroots elements of these person to person contacts in the region, mostly
chiefly involving sports. The Southeast Asian Games, the ASEAN Para Games, the
ASEAN Football Championship, and even the boxing championship which
Malaysia boycotted in 2013 all constitute person to person contacts that can
contribute to feelings of amity within a region. A number of other CSBMs are also
enumerated in the Blueprint, such as conducting joint research projects on defence
issues and bilateral exchanges between defence institutions in ASEAN member
states.
But, in light of the recent conflict in Sabah and considering the tight timetable
under which ASEAN expects to establish a Political-Security Community, what
might be most needed now in the region is a spectacular breakthrough. If this is
the case, then more ambitious CSBMs than the proposed ASEAN Security Outlook
must be given due consideration by ASEAN member states. Rather than simply
transplanting European regional practices though, there is an opportunity for
ASEAN to adopt measures unique to Southeast Asia that would likely generate agreat degree of amity among actors.
ASEAN could go further than the OSCE or perhaps any other security community
in the world by allowing for bilateral observation. Under such a system, any
member state conducting active military operations near the territory of another
member state would be obliged to invite that other member state to observe the
operations. This departs considerably from the European model of CSBMs in two
important ways. First of all, the principle of force majeure is significantly
compromised, since the invitation is extended in the midst of strife or even war.
Secondly, the state conducting the operations is proactive in issuing the invitation
instead of waiting for neighbouring states to issue requests of their own.
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Having a system already in place that allows for ASEAN and its member states to
resort to desperate measures at desperate times that is to say, the invitation for
interested parties to observe active military operations can avoid this sudden
trend toward enmity and instead generate further amity.
(http://www.ciis.org.cn/english/2013-04/26/content_5908749.htm)
Bilateral meetings especially face to face meetings between leaders are important in
building trust.
Increased ASEAN and UN engagements/initiatives/ dialogue
Increased ASEAN and UN engagements/initiatives/ dialogue
THREE
(refer to the high council)Malaysia and Phillippines can be encourages to seek advice from the High Council
Make the High Council under the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation and the ASEAN
Troika more useful
(http://www.asean.org/communities/asean-political-security-community/item/rules-
of-procedure-of-the-high-council-of-the-treaty-of-amity-and-cooperation-in-
southeast-asia-2)
The 1976 Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia (TAC) was signed in
conjunction with the 1976 Declaration of ASEAN Concord. It is a landmark
agreement as it sets out peaceful settlement of disputes as a fundamental principle of
ASEAN, commits member states to refrain from the threat or use of force and settle
any disputes through friendly negotiations. To address unresolved disputes in the
region, the TAC establishes a High Council comprising ministerial representatives of
all contracting parties. Provided that all parties to the dispute agree to apply the TAC
to their case, the High Councils role is to recommend appropriate means of dispute
settlement to the disputing parties, which could include the High Council offering its
good offices, or constituting a committee of mediation, inquiry or conciliation. The
TAC does not preclude recourse to modes of dispute settlement contained in Article
33(1) of the United Nations Charter. Rules of procedure for the High Council wereagreed upon in 2001. (Note: As the TAC has now taken on non-ASEAN signatories,
the 2001 rules of procedure for the High Council state that it shall comprise of
representatives from all ASEAN member states and one representative from only the
non-ASEAN states who are involved in the dispute. See 2001 Rules of Procedure of
the High Council of the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia, rule 3.)
(http://cil.nus.edu.sg/dispute-settlement-in-asean/)
http://www.ciis.org.cn/english/2013-04/26/content_5908749.htmhttp://cil.nus.edu.sg/1976/1976-treaty-of-amity-and-cooperation-in-southeast-asia-signed-on-24-february-1976-in-bali-indonesia-by-the-heads-of-stategovernment/http://cil.nus.edu.sg/1976/1976-declaration-of-asean-concord-signed-on-24-february-1976-in-bali-indonesia-by-the-heads-of-stategovernment/http://cil.nus.edu.sg/2001/2001-rules-of-procedure-of-the-high-council-of-the-treaty-of-amity-and-cooperation-in-southeast-asia-adopted-on-23-july-2001-in-ha-noi-viet-nam-by-the-foreign-ministers/http://cil.nus.edu.sg/2001/2001-rules-of-procedure-of-the-high-council-of-the-treaty-of-amity-and-cooperation-in-southeast-asia-adopted-on-23-july-2001-in-ha-noi-viet-nam-by-the-foreign-ministers/http://www.ciis.org.cn/english/2013-04/26/content_5908749.htmhttp://cil.nus.edu.sg/1976/1976-treaty-of-amity-and-cooperation-in-southeast-asia-signed-on-24-february-1976-in-bali-indonesia-by-the-heads-of-stategovernment/http://cil.nus.edu.sg/1976/1976-declaration-of-asean-concord-signed-on-24-february-1976-in-bali-indonesia-by-the-heads-of-stategovernment/http://cil.nus.edu.sg/2001/2001-rules-of-procedure-of-the-high-council-of-the-treaty-of-amity-and-cooperation-in-southeast-asia-adopted-on-23-july-2001-in-ha-noi-viet-nam-by-the-foreign-ministers/http://cil.nus.edu.sg/2001/2001-rules-of-procedure-of-the-high-council-of-the-treaty-of-amity-and-cooperation-in-southeast-asia-adopted-on-23-july-2001-in-ha-noi-viet-nam-by-the-foreign-ministers/