Cold WarCold War

The Origins and BeginningThe Origins and Beginning

Yalta - The Big ThreeYalta - The Big Three Churchill (Great Churchill (Great

Britain), FDR (U.S.), Britain), FDR (U.S.), Stalin (Soviet Union) Stalin (Soviet Union) met to discuss the end met to discuss the end of WW IIof WW II

GermanyGermany would be would be divided into four divided into four sectorssectors, with , with eacheach sector sector controlledcontrolled by a by a major major allied powerallied power

Germany dividedGermany divided Germany would be Germany would be

disarmeddisarmed Nazis would be tried Nazis would be tried

for war crimesfor war crimes

Think & WriteThink & WriteThenThen

Turn & TalkTurn & Talk How is this similar to the end of WWI?How is this similar to the end of WWI? How do you think the German people felt How do you think the German people felt

at the end of WWII?at the end of WWII? How were the ideologies of the Soviet How were the ideologies of the Soviet

Union, United States, and Great Britain Union, United States, and Great Britain different?different?

Additional Gains for RussiaAdditional Gains for Russia More votes in the newly formed United More votes in the newly formed United

NationsNations Russia would be in charge of “free Russia would be in charge of “free

elections” in Poland and other elections” in Poland and other eastern eastern European nations (Russian influence)European nations (Russian influence)

Potsdam, July 1945Potsdam, July 1945 Churchill, Truman and Churchill, Truman and

Stalin discussed the Stalin discussed the pending defeat of Japanpending defeat of Japan

Truman emphasized Truman emphasized international international cooperation (idea of cooperation (idea of globalism) to assist globalism) to assist nations in neednations in need Eisenhower is telling Eisenhower is telling

Truman that the U.S. Truman that the U.S. MUST maintain military MUST maintain military superiority in Europe.superiority in Europe.

The Containment PolicyThe Containment Policy Article in Article in Foreign Foreign

AffairsAffairs: USA should : USA should “contain” “contain” communism where communism where it exists it exists (form of (form of foreign policy)foreign policy)

Read & WriteRead & WriteThenThen

Turn & TalkTurn & Talk Read the excerpts from Read the excerpts from The Sources of The Sources of

Soviet Conduct (1947) Soviet Conduct (1947) by George F. Kennanby George F. Kennan What two pieces of evidence do you believe What two pieces of evidence do you believe

are the most persuasive in his argument that are the most persuasive in his argument that Communism should be contained? Why?Communism should be contained? Why?

How does Kennan argue the United States How does Kennan argue the United States should deal with the Soviet Union (describe should deal with the Soviet Union (describe the foreign policy)?the foreign policy)?

Truman DoctrineTruman Doctrine USA will support any USA will support any

nation threatened by a nation threatened by a communist takeover or communist takeover or rebellionrebellion

USA provided USA provided assistance assistance to both to both Greece and Turkey to Greece and Turkey to prevent communist prevent communist takeovers takeovers in those in those nationsnations Economic aid: $400 Economic aid: $400

millionmillion

Read & WriteRead & WriteThenThen

Turn & TalkTurn & Talk Read the excerpts from Read the excerpts from The Truman Doctrine The Truman Doctrine

(1947) (1947) speech given by President Trumanspeech given by President Truman How was American national security at risk and How was American national security at risk and

affected by events in Greece and Turkey affected by events in Greece and Turkey according to Truman?according to Truman?

What two ideologies (describe them) does What two ideologies (describe them) does Truman juxtapose and who do they correspond Truman juxtapose and who do they correspond to? to?

Marshall PlanMarshall Plan USA provided USA provided

economic aideconomic aid and and assistance to rebuild assistance to rebuild war torn Europe, war torn Europe, including Germany.including Germany.

Aid was offered to the Aid was offered to the Soviet Union but they Soviet Union but they rejected the offer.rejected the offer.

Read & WriteRead & WriteThenThen

Turn & TalkTurn & Talk Read the excerpts from Read the excerpts from The Marshall Plan The Marshall Plan

(1947)(1947) How does Marshall describe the state of How does Marshall describe the state of

Europe after WWII? BE SPECIFICEurope after WWII? BE SPECIFIC What is Marshall’s rationale (reasoning) for What is Marshall’s rationale (reasoning) for

the United States giving European countries the United States giving European countries economic aid? BE SPECIFICeconomic aid? BE SPECIFIC

Berlin Blockade, 1948-1949Berlin Blockade, 1948-1949

Stalin Vs. TrumanStalin Vs. Truman Stalin ordered Stalin ordered Berlin Berlin

blockade/closed blockade/closed all entry into Berlin all entry into Berlin

illegal via highways illegal via highways and railroads.and railroads.

““We are going to stay, We are going to stay, period!”period!”

Truman’s bluffTruman’s bluff Truman ordered 60 B-Truman ordered 60 B-

29 Bombers to 29 Bombers to EnglandEngland

Truman told the Truman told the Russians there was Russians there was an A-Bomb on each an A-Bomb on each airplaneairplane

Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift American planes American planes

would would fly supplies fly supplies (economic aid) (economic aid) into into BerlinBerlin

Blockade LiftedBlockade Lifted May 4, 1949 = Stalin May 4, 1949 = Stalin

lifted the Berlin lifted the Berlin BlockadeBlockade

Exit SlipExit Slip What is the foreign policy of containment? How the foreign policy of containment

affect the United States role in a global sense? (will military force be necessary)