Cold Storage Seminar

8/9/2019 Cold Storage Seminar

1/20

COLD STORAGE IN INDIA

GUIDED BY:Prof. Sejal Patel

PREPARED BY:Maunish ShahRoll no. :13MTME1Enroll no.:13!""#1!

$%&GUIDED BY:Prof. D $ Solan

Sal Institute of Te(hnolo)* an+

Me(hani(alEn)ineerin)De,art-ent SITER


2/20

$urrent S(enario of the Preser/ationInfrastru(ture in In+ia India is the largest producer of milk and the second

largest producer of fruits, vegetables and tea.Annual wastage of fruits and vegetables is

estimated to range from 5.8% to 18% having valueof approximate s. 1!!"# crores.

Against the total production of more than 5"" $$of horticultural & non'horticultural produces, thetotal cold storage capacit( is estimatedapproximatel( !1 $$, which is not even 1"% ofthe total production.

A stud( conducted b( the )ational *pot +xchangetd. -)*+ in /ecember, 0"1" estimated a coldstorage reuirements of 21.1! million tonnes in thecountr(.

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$ol+ Stora)es In In+ia

3.4. have highest numbers of cold storage followedb( 4unab, $aharashtra, 6est 7engal, and uarat

#2 % of the cold storage are in 4vt. *ector

$ore than 95 per cent of the capacit( is utili:ed onl(for potato and onl( about 0! percent are under multi

commodit( categor( he push to build up storage capacit( through cold

chains has not been successful in vegetables andlimited for fruits, meat, and ;ish.

these cold storage are not linked to the ;arm and themarket through controlled temperature - eefervans transportation

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0e(essit* of $ol+Stora)es

+xtending the shelf life

4eriod of marketing

Avoiding glut

educing transport bottlenecks during peakperiod of production

$aintenance of ualit( of produce.


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$o--o+it* Stora)e$on+itions

emperature range

=umidit( range

>?0 level

oading rate

4re'cooling time

Air circulation

*tacking

@entilation reuirements in the cold store

chambers ighting >ondition

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Reuire+ Stora)e Te-,. for+i2erent fruits

2

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Reuire+ Stora)e Te-,. forDi2erent e)eta4les

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$ol+ Stora)e Buil+in) $onstru(tion

5alls: 0!" mm 7rick walls solid concrete blockswith sand' cement plaster. =owever, in >> structureor pre'fabricated structure insulated panel boardsma( also be provided in place of masonr( walls.

Roof: >> slabs or russ oof with .* 4re'coated

.*.*heet cover. >> slab to have proper waterprooBng with reCective colour paint >hina mosaicBnish.

6loor: he Coor comprises of base concrete

Ante Roo-D he cold rooms should be provided withat least one common ante room area to avoid directinBltration of warm ambient air into the cold rooms.

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$ol+ Stora)e Buil+in) $onstru(tion7$ont..8

Pro(ess Gra+in) an+ Sortin) Area: he process area will

be maintained at comfortable conditions b( using evaporativecooling particularl( in dr( areas.

Gra+in) 9 Sortin) ine: *uitable mechani:ed sortingEgrading, washing and packing line should be provided.

Palleti;ation 9 Stra,,in) 6a(ilit*: 4allets acks for

bulk storage in bags or in bins are to be provided.Pallet inlets: *trip curtains are uitecommon for reducing inBltration of air during loadingunloading. Air curtains need power for operation but aremore eGective if properl( installed.

ooms for machines, ancillaries, electricals etc#$aunish *hah, *I+


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$ol+ Stora)e Buil+in) $onstru(tion7$ont..8 Ther-al Insulation:• It is recommended that appropriate 7I* standards are adopted for

selection of design parameters 7IS !!1:#8 and method ofapplication of thermal insulation 7IS !!1 9 13#?8

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Refri)eration S*ste- 9 Eui,-entSele(tion *election of refrigeration s(stemsD

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Refri)eration S*ste- 9 Eui,-entSele(tion *election of refrigeration s(stemsD @apour >ompression s(stem

• ess initial cost but higher operating cost.

@apour Absorption s(stem• =igh initial cost but less operating cost

*election of efrigerantsD Ammonia

• +nvironmentfriendl(, natural but toxic

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Refri)eration S*ste- 9 Eui,-entSele(tion 7$ont..8 *election of >ompressorD $ultiple multic(linder reciprocating

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Refri)eration S*ste- 9 Eui,-entSele(tion 7$ont..8 *election of >ompressorD *crew >ompressor

1


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Refri)eration S*ste- 9 Eui,-entSele(tion 7$ont..8 *election of >ondenserD Atmospheric

+vaporative 6ater cooled

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Refri)eration S*ste- 9 Eui,-entSele(tion 7$ont..8 *election of >ondenserD +vaporative

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Refri)eration S*ste- 9 Eui,-entSele(tion 7$ont..8 *election of >ooling coilsD >eiling wall mounted

• Ammonia coils are t(picall( $* hot dip galvanised or** aluminium tubes with Aluminium Bns.

• he cooling units for other refrigerants have coilswith copper tubes and aluminium Bns.

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Referen(es

*. Akdemir. -0"10 Energy consumption of an

experimental cold storage. 7ulgarian Fournal ofAgricultural *cience, @olme'18-)o 2, ppD ##1'##2

*erap Akdemir and *elcuk Arin -0""5 Eect of AirVelocity on Temperature in Experimental Cold Store.

Fournal of Applied *ciences 5 -1,ppD9"'9< eport on Government support & initiative to build a

robust cold cain -$a( 0"1


20/20

Than'

You0"$aunish *hah, *I+

Cold Storage Seminar

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