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PROCESSES OF

FORGETTINGAND MEMORY

DISTORTION

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HAVE YOU ALREADYFORGOT

SOMETHING?or someone?

Do you know how and why iha!!"n"d?

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L"#$

P%ay&

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In$'u(ion$)Fo' "*a+!%")

N , -Th"n) You wi%% (oun .a(kwa'd$ .yh'""

/01 //2 ///

No" ha3 you +u$ $ay ou %oud a%% h"$" hin4$5

Can you '"(a%% h" 'i4'a+ !'"$"n"d a whi%" a4o?

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L"#$ Sa'&

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Fo' 6$"(ond$55

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7

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8

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F

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START COUNTING9AC,:ARDS 9Y THREE

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RECALL THE

TRIGRAM

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Fo' ;$"(ond$55

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S

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<

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D

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START COUNTING9AC,:ARDS 9Y THREE

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RECALL THE

TRIGRAM

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Fo' =$"(ond$55

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T

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R

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L

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22/64

START COUNTING9AC,:ARDS 9Y THREE

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RECALL THE

TRIGRAM

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Fo' >$"(ond$55

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V

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P

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START COUNTING9AC,:ARDS 9Y THREE

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RECALL THE

TRIGRAM

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Fo' >0$"(ond$55

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R

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:

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N

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START COUNTING9AC,:ARDS 9Y THREE

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RECALL THE

TRIGRAM

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Fo' >@$"(ond$55

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9

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,

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-

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START COUNTING9AC,:ARDS 9Y THREE

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RECALL THE

TRIGRAM

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Th" "*!"'i+"n(oninu"$ u! o

>@ $"(ond$in"'a%

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Th"'" a'" wo +o$w"%%Bknown h"o'i"$)

In"'"'"n(" Th"o'y

D"(ay Th"o'y

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In"'"'"n("Th"o'yB R""'$ o h" i"w ha

o'4"in4 o((u'$ ."(au$" '"(a%%o ("'ain wo'd$ in"'"'"$ wih'"(a%% o oh"' wo'd$5B :h"n n"w ino'+aion (au$"$ u$

o o'4" $o+"hin4

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9'ownBP""'$on Ta$k

Ai+) To in"$i4a" h" du'aion oh" $ho'B"'+ +"+o'y

Findin4$) Th" %on4"' h" in"'a%d"%ay h" %"$$ 'i4'a+$ w"'" '"(a%%"d5

On h"i' "*!"'i+"n3 !a'i(i!an$ w"'"a.%" o '"(a%% @1 o 'i4'a+$ a"' a 6

$"(ond$ d"%ay5 How""'3 a"' >@ $"(ond$%"$$ han >1 o 'i4'a+$ w"'" '"(a%%"d(o''"(%y5

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Th" !u'!o$" o hain4 h"

!a'i(i!an$ (oun .a(kwa'd wa$ o!'""n h"+ 'o+ '"h"a'$in4 du'in4h" '""nion in"'a%5

Retention interval is the time betweenthe presentation of the last letter andthe start of the recall phase of theexperiment trial.

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V"'.a% ino'+aion wou%d in"'"'"on%y wih "'.a% wo'd$ +"+o'y5$"'ia% !'o("$$in4

V"'.a% :o'kin4 M"+o'y B '""'$ o h""+!o'a'y +ain"nan(" and +ani!u%aiono "'.a% ino'+aion

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TWO KINDSOF

INTERFERENCE

R"'oa(i"in"'"'"n("

P'oa(i"in"'"'"n("

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Retroactive

InterferenceWhen newly acquired knowledgeimpedes the recall of older

materialIno%"$ Un%"a'nin4Pa$ O%d ino? 9%u''y3 Fadin43 in"''u!"d

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OLDINFORMATION

NE:INFORMATION

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PAST

PRESENT

You a%'"ady

MOVED ON

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ProactiveInterferenceWhen past impedes the learningof the new material.

ino%"$ '"%"a'nin4P'"$"n N"w ino? 9%u''y3 Fadin43in"''u!"d3 ha'd o '"(a%%O%d ino? Can ." +i*"d u! o !'"$"non"$5

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OLDINFORMATION

NE:INFORMATION

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PAST

PRESENT

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:hy?

O%d +"+o'i"$ k""! on Ja$hin4.a(k5You w"'" u$"d o h" !a$

$"in4 'ah"' han h"!'"$"n5O' "%$"3

O%d +"+o'i"$ wi%% +i*"d on

h" n"w on"$5

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P'oa(i" in"'"'"n("4"n"'a%%y ha$ $'on4"' "K"($in o%d"' adu%$ 'ah"' han

youn4"' !"o!%"WHY?

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P'oa(i" in"'"'"n(" $""+$o ." a$$o(ia"d wiha(iaion in h" 'ona%

(o'"*5A(ia"$ 9'od+ann a'"a /0LH

Findin4$ $u44"$ ha9'od+ann a'"a /0 i$ %ik"%yino%"d in h" .indin4 i"+$

ino +"anin4u% 4'ou!$5

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Schema

M"na% 'a+"wo'k$ ha'"!'"$"n know%"d4" in a

+"anin4u% wayS" o ."%i"$ o' "*!"(aion$.a$"d on !'io' "*!"'i"n("

E*5 S"%Bid"niy3 $"'"oy!"$

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THE SERIALPOSITION

C!R"E

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DECAY

THEORYB A$$"'$ ha ino'+aion i$ o'4o"n ."(au$"

o h" 4'adua% di$a!!"a'an("3 'ah"' handi$!%a("+"n

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RecentPro#e

Ta$%Pa'i(i!an$ a'" $hown ou' a'4" wo'd$N"*3 !a'i(i!an$ a'" !'"$"n"d wih a!'o." wo'dPa'i(i!an$ d"(id" wh"h"' o' no h"!'o." wo'd i$ id"ni(a% o on" o h" ou'a'4" wo'd$5

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Recent Positive(a member of thecurrent trial training set and the

preceding trial training set)Recent Negative(a member of the

preceding trial training set but not thecurrent trial training set)Non-recent Positive(a member of thecurrent trial training set but not the

preceding trial training set)Non-recent Negative(not a memberof the current trial training set or the

preceding trial training set)

RecentPro#e

Ta$%

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Intertria' interva' h" i+" ."w""n h"!'"$"naion o on" $" o a'4" wo'd$$u."( o d"(ay in +"+o'yB a+oun o i+" ."w""n $"!a'a" 'ia%$ in%"a'nin4 $udi"$

Re$earcher$ have fo(n)*

D"(ay on%y had a '"%ai"%y $+a%% "K"( ono'4"in4 in $ho'B"'+ +"+o'y

In"'"'"n(" ha$ a $'on4"' "K"( In"'"'"n(" a%$o aK"($ +a"'ia% in LTM3

%"adin4 o +"+o'y di$o'ion