DRILLING AND REFINERYAPPLICATIONS (DRAPS)

COFLEXIP DRILLING&SERVICE APPLICATIONS USER'S GUIDE

Revised with minor corrections 9-12-96

CONTENTS0 General introduction1 Description of a Coflexip flexible line1.1 End-Fittings1.2 Ancillary equipment1.3 Flexible Pipe Structure1.4 Mechanical behaviour of the flexible line1.5 Failure modes of Coflexip flexible lines2 General Guidelines2.1 Storage2.2 Handling2.3 Installation - Connection2.4 Welding3 Operating Conditions3.1 Fluids to be transported3.2 Temperature ratings4 Lifetime of drilling and service application flexible lines5 Repair of flexible lines6 Inspection and testing of lines6.1 Introduction6.2 Routine visual inspection6.3 Full inspection6.4 Manufacturer's inspection - Major survey

6.5 Field pressure testing (optional)6.6 Full pressure test6.7 Recording of inspections and tests6.8 Periodicity of inspections and tests6.9 Unused lines7 Choke and kill applications7.1 Definition7.2 Bend test7.3 Sour service7.4 Venting7.5 Periodicity of field testing and inspection8 Test line applications8.1 DST and PTL lines - definition8.2 Sour service8.3 Venting8.4 Periodicity of field testing and inspection9 Acidizing and fracturing line applications9.1 Definition9.2 Sour service9.3 Venting9.4 Periodicity of field testing and inspection10 Drag chain applications10.1 Definition10.2 Periodicity of field testing and inspection

0 GENERAL INTRODUCTIONThis copy of the "COFLEXIP DRILLING AND SERVICE APPLICATIONUSER'S GUIDE" is revision 3 of the guide originally issued in 1989 withlast revision in September 1990.The main differences from revision 2 are the inclusion of acid line anddrag chain applications, a re-write of the sections on inspection andtesting plus an up-date of the product compatibility charts made possibleby the on-going tests performed as part of CSOL’s policy of continualresearch into the use of flexible pipes.CSO recognises the fact that the majority of our clients have usedCoflexip drilling application products for many years and have thereforebuilt up a great deal of experience in their use. It follows therefore thatmuch of the information contained in this guide is intended primarily forthose clients who are not familiar with the use of Coflexip flexibles andmay appear somewhat basic to more established clients.CSOL relies on the feedback of all users to ensure the continuedreliability of our products and to act as the basis for research into theflexible pipes of the future. We therefore welcome any comments on boththe flexible pipes themselves and User's Guides such as this onespecifically written for Drilling and Service Applications.In producing the guide, we have attempted to cover all aspects of boththe design and safe use of our drilling and service application flexibles inall circumstances, however there may well be omissions orrecommendations which end-users may wish to comment on or haveclarified to some degree or other. We are always available to assist in

either circumstance and such comments should be directed towards yourlocal CSO office listed in the last chapter of the guide.All information and data contained herein are subject to change withoutfurther notice.

1 DESCRIPTION OF A COFLEXIP FLEXIBLE LINEThis paragraph will discuss the construction of a typical Coflexip flexibleline and, according to the pipe construction, present the failure modesthat might be caused by a possible misuse of the equipment.As shown in Figure 1, a typical Coflexip line is composed of:A length of flexible pipeTwo end-fittings complete with lifting/handling collars

Fig 11.1 END-FITTINGS

The end-fitting itself consists of the following:• The termination which ensures the seal and the mechanical

attachment of the end-fitting to the flexible pipe• The connector to allow the connection of the end-fitting to any other

compatible connector.

1.1.1 NACE compatibilityAll steel materials used In the manufacture of a Coflexip end-fitting meetthe requirements of NACE MR-01 -75, latest revision.

1.1.2 Coating protection of the end-fittingThe whole surface, both inside and outside of a standard end-fitting isprotected against corrosion, wear, abrasion and handling by a Ni-Kanigencoating.The adhesion of the coating to the underlying steel is essential for thelong term integrity of the protection. Various heat treatments areapplicable for Ni-Kanigen coated parts to improve that property. CSO hasselected the most effective process which is a long duration, hightemperature heat treatment conducted at 600° to 650°C (1112° to1202°F) for 10 hours. This process ensures a good diffusion of thecoating into the steel, thus avoiding any possible scaling of the protection.The Ni-Kanigen coating bears the following properties:• The surface hardness of the coating is about 400 to 450 HV, in the

range of most hardened steel, and this improves the end-fittingresistance against corrosion, wear, abrasion and handling. Inparticular, the end-fitting will resist long term exposure to internalflow of abrasive fluids.

• The inner coating is 75 µ thick; a visual inspection of the inner boreof the end-fitting showing that the coating Is still present indicatesthe satisfactory integrity of those end-fitting parts subjected to theinner effluents. If the coating is damaged or cracked, traces of

corrosion and rust may be visible and a complementary inspectionshould be completed.

• The Ni-Kanigen coating is highly resistant against corrosion frommarine atmosphere, sea-water and to H2S/C02 gases or othercorrosive fluids which might be transported by the line.

1.1.3 ConnectorsAll types of connectors can be supplied with any end-fittings, the mostcommon being API hubs (formerly "CIW hubs"), hammer unions andflanges. Generally the connectors are integral parts of the end-fittingavoiding butt-welding (with some exceptions for non-standardconnectors).However, when used, the welding process is always completed BEFOREend-fitting mounting.

1.1.4 TerminationsThe termination will ensure the following functions:• Mechanical attachment to the flexible pipe which will resist against

internal pressure, traction, torsion,• Provides seal against inner effluent,• Provides seal against outer environment,• Mechanical attachment of the outer stainless steel carcass.

1.1.5 MarkingThe termination bears a permanent marking indicating:• Manufacturer (*)• Serial number of the line• Internal diameter of the line (Inches)• Application (*)• Working pressure (WP psi) of the line which is always inferior or

equal to the maximum design pressure of the line structure• Length of the line - face to face from one connection to the other

(metres or feet)• Date of the factory pressure test• If applicable, a stamp of a certifying authority• For repaired lines see section 5(*) This information was optional before second quarter of 1990Repaired linesIf the line has been repaired by the mounting of a new end-fitting, it willbear the same marking as above, but the serial number of the line ischanged on that end-fitting. Length and date of the factory pressure testare revised values marked on the new end-fitting.Although optional before the second quarter of 1990, CSO recommendsthat Application be stamped on above where the information is missing,using the abbreviated classification as follows. In case of doubt, pleasecontact the nearest CSO office.Marking from second quarter of 1990:

From the second quarter of 1990, the end-termination bears a revisedmarking as follows:• Manufacturer• Serial number of the line• Internal diameter of the line (Inches)• Line application abbreviated as follows:

> C/K: Choke and Kill> DST/ACD: Dual Service Line> PTL: Production Test Line> ACD: Acidizing/Fracturing> ROT: Rotary> DCL: Decoking> DST: Drill stem test> CEM: Cement> CEM/ACD: Cement/Acid> HYD: Hydraulic line

• Line length (in metres (M) or feet (FT)• Working pressure (WP PSI)• Test pressure (TP psi)• Temperature range (continuous service: See section 3.2)• The stamped test pressure is the OEM.TP (original equipment

manufacturer test pressure)• Date of the factory pressure test (month/year)

• If applicable, a stamp of a certifying authority when required• (For lines repaired by end-fitting replacement, see section 5)Example of marking

COFLEXIP............................Manufacturer7990.01 ................................Serial numberW - C/K - 18.3 M...................I.D./Application/LengthWP 15000 PSI ......................Working pressureTP 22500 PSI .......................Test pressureTEMP: -20/+100°C ...............Temperature range02/90 ....................................Test date (month/year)

Any inquiry regarding the construction of the line and its end-fittingsshould refer to the serial number through which CSO can trace therelevant information.

1.1.6 Handling collarA groove in the end-termination is fitted with a rotating handling collar withtwo symmetrical pad-eyes.This collar is designed to allow for safe handling of the flexible pipe. It Isnot designed to handle any other equipment which might be attached tothe connectors.

1.2 ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT1.2.1 Bend limiter

Also called "bend restricter", a typical bend limiter is shown on figure 2.This device can be fitted on an existing line, is made of two half shells,and is designed to limit the local radius curvature of the flexible pipe, nearthe end-fitting. It is protected against environmental corrosion by aspecial wear resistant coating.

Figure 21.2.2 Bend stiffener

The bend stiffener is an additional device mounted on the flexible pipeduring its manufacturing (see figure 3 following). It increases the localbending stiffness in the region of the end-fitting, producing a smoothertransition from the end-fitting to the flexible pipe structure.

Figure 3The bend stiffener is optional on most flexible pipes. It will allow theflexible pipe to better resist overbending: flexure damaging strength isincreased by a factor of x3 when using this device.Made out of polyurethane, it is intrinsically resistant to corrosion.During the external inspection, check that the bend-stiffener is properlytightened on the end-fitting to avoid any mechanical gap, and is free ofdamage and cracks.

1.2.3 Fire coverAs for the flexible pipe itself, it may occasionally be necessary due toworking environment for lines to include a greater degree of fireprotection than standard. For such operating conditions, additional fire

protection covers may be installed over the end-fitting assemblies (seealso section 1.3 - Para. 1.3.7 concerning fire protection on the flexibles).

1.3 FLEXIBLE PIPE STRUCTUREA typical Coflexip flexible pipe structure, for high pressure applications isshown on Figure 4 following.This construction is known as a "non bonded" structure.From the inside it is composed of the following:

Figure 41 Inner plastic liner 2 Zeta spiral3 Flat steel spiral 4 Intermediate plastic sheath5 Crosswound tensile armours 6 External plastic sheath7 Optional fire resistant layer 8 Outerwrap interlocked steel carcass

1.3.1 Thermoplastic inner liner(s)The thermoplastic inner liner makes the pipe leakproof. This layer limitsthe upper service temperature of the line and the chemical compatibility tothe various fluids which may be transported through the line. Variousplastic materials are used to manufacture the inner liner, depending uponthe service application of the line.

1.3.2 Interlocked "zeta" layerThis layer takes the hoop stress due to the internal pressure and toexternal crushing loads.The crushing resistance of a Coflexip line is similar to that of an API rigidpipe designed to withstand the same pressure. However, accidentalcrushing might damage the outer stainless steel wrap and reduce thelifetime of the line.It is the interlocking of the zeta layer which will limit the bending radius ofthe line. If this limit is exceeded, irreversible damage to the flexible linewill occur leading to perforation of the inner liner when under pressure.

1.3.3 Metallic reinforcement of the zeta layerIf necessary for extreme high pressure, the zeta layer is reinforced by aflat steel layer which is not interlocked.

1.3.4 Intermediate thermoplastic sheathThis sheath is a thin anti-friction layer which improves the dynamicbehaviour of the line. This layer is not leakproof.

1.3.5 Double crosswound steel armourThe double crosswound steel armour wires will resist axial load caused byinternal pressure, or external axial loads. It is also this layer whichprovides the flexible line with its resistance to torsion.

1.3.6 Thermoplastic outer sheathThis layer is leakproof.It will both:• Protect the armour wires against corrosion and• Protect the line against hydrostatic external pressure if the line is

used subsea, as on LMRP BOP stacks.(note that test lines are vented through this outer layer and may nottherefore be used subsea).

1.3.7 Fire resistant layerFor certain installations, e.g. permanently installed well control lines onfixed production platforms, it may be a requirement for essential serviceflexibles such as choke and kill lines, to be operable under fire conditionsfor long periods. The inclusion of a fire resistant layer installed afterproduction of the standard pipe gives a working time at 7000C (1 292°F)and full working pressure, well in excess of 30 minutes. This layer is non-standard and would be the subject of a special order. Refer also tosection 1.2 - Para. 1.2.3 for end-fitting fire protection.

1.3.8 Stainless steel outerwrapThe stainless steel outerwrap (carcass) protects the thermoplastic outersheath against mechanical damage caused by using the line in a harshenvironment (impacts, wear, handling, etc.).This layer does not contribute directly to the mechanical resistance of theline.However, significant damage to this layer may lead to subsequentdamage to the thermoplastic outer sheath causing either:• Corrosion of the armour wires, and/or• Collapse of the inner tube for subsea lines.

1.4 MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF FLEXIBLE LINEBy design, a Coflexip flexible line is extremely resistant to:• Internal pressure

Dimensional changes under pressure are very limited; typical valuesare:> Relative elongation at design pressure 0.1 5 to 0.25 %> Relative outer diameter change at design pressure < 0.25 %The line is extremely stable under pressure. In particular, if bent itwill not tend to straighten under pressure. No significant twist wouldoccur. It will not pulsate or whip during high flow rate circulation.

• Tensile StrengthResistance to pulling forces ranges from about 50,000 daN for 2" IDto more than 100,000 daN for 3" ID (50 to 100 tons or 100,000 to200,000 lbs).

• CrushingThe crushing resistance of Coflexip flexible pipes is similar to that ofan API rigid pipe of the same design pressure

• BendingThe line is resistant to bending, including frequent or continuousflexure with the imperative condition that the minimum bendingradius is not exceeded.In CSO's documents, the minimum bending radius is abbreviated asMBR.The minimum bending radius is an extremely importantcharacteristic of a flexible steel line.As a rule of thumb, the minimum bending radius is roughly equal to:MBR = 12 x ID (ID: inner diameter of the line).Example: If ID = 3" then MBR = 12 x 3 = 36", i.e. 3 ft.For specific DRAG CHAIN applications, the MBR for installed use is1.1 x the storage MBR, as defined on the relevant data sheet.The accurate value of the MBR is part of the technical specificationof the flexible line.

Figure 51.5 FAILURE MODES OF COFLEXIP FLEXIBLE LINES

Coflexip flexible steel lines are extremely reliable due to:• The design of the product;• The use of the highest standards applicable;• The CSO quality assurance system.However, misuse might damage the line, and it is useful to identify thefour main failure modes.• Bending - If the minimum bending radius is exceeded, the zeta layer

may open; in which case, the inner tube is not properly supportedand perforation will occur under pressure.

Overbending generally occurs due to mishandling duringinstallation.Particular attention must be paid at this time to the first few feet offlexible pip immediately behind each termination.An optional bend stiffener is available on request to improve thepipe's resistance to such overbending.Figure 6 shows how overbending may be caused, whether or notthe line be under internal pressure.

Figure 6• Ageing of the inner liner - The mechanical properties of the inner

liner can be affected by ageing. This phenomenon causes thedegradation of the long thermoplastic molecules and may be due to:> Long exposure to high temperature, exceeding the maximum

rated temperature;> Use of incompatible chemical products through the line.

The degradation of the material could make it brittle and the tubemay break when bent with or without internal pressure, leading to aleakage.

• Corrosion of the armour wires - If the outer thermoplastic sheath isdamaged, corrosion of the steel armour wires will occur. This willprogressively reduce the thickness of the wires, causing aprogressive decrease of the burst pressure. This failure mode maycause the line to burst.

• Collapse of the inner liner - If damaged, the outer sheath may notbe leakproof. For subsea lines, the external hydrostatic pressurewill be applied on to the inner liner which may collapse.

2 GENERAL GUIDELINES2.1 Storage

• Storage in general does not require specific precautions regardingenvironment or duration of storage.

• According to its length, the best ways to store a line are either:> In a straight line (up to 20 ft long);> Coiled to its MBR, attached to a wooden pallet or crate;> Installed in a DRAG CHAIN prior to hook-up and start of

operations.• Coflexip flexible lines are shipped with protection on the connectors.

A similar protection should be reinstalled when the line isdisconnected. It may consist of a metallic blind flange that fits theconnection - which is preferable or of a good wooden protection.This protection must ensure that:> The inner bore of the line is closed to avoid accidental

intrusion of any foreign material;> The connector, especially the seal area, is properly protected

against impacts, etc.• If stored below minimum rated temperature, ensure that no handling

is done before the line is brought back to minimum ratedtemperature.

• The inner bore of a Coflexip line should be thoroughly flushed withfresh water prior to long term storage.

2.2 HANDLING• The line must never be bent below the minimum bend radius, as

this may damage it.> As a rule of thumb, the minimum bend radius is equal to:

MBR = 12 x IDThe accurate value of the MBR of the line is part of the technicalcharacteristics of the Coflexip structure and can be obtained fromthe nearest CSO office.

• The minimum bend radius (MBR) must be respected at all times,whether the line is under pressure or not.User should avoid bending the flexible just behind the end-fitting.As a rule of thumb, a straight length of about 2 to 3 feet should beused as a safety distance.See section 1.5 - FAILURE MODES OF Coflexip FLEXIBLE LINES

• The use of wire ropes or chains may damage the anti-corrosiontreatment of the end-fitting. If so required, use a shackle connectedthrough the eye of the lifting collar. Never use wire ropes or chainsdirectly against the stainless steel outerwrap. If force needs to beapplied to the body of the flexible line itself, use nylon slings.

• Moving flexible line on the ground> Do not attach slings directly to the end-fitting - use the lifting

collar instead. Always connect slings to both lifting eyes inorder to have the pulling force in a straight line with the mainaxis of the line.

> Prevent abrasion of the flexible line against the ground; usewooden supports or planks.

> To lift the line, a forklift may be used provided that slings areinstalled to prevent sharp edge contact (see Coflexip HandlingGuide inside cover).

2.3 INSTALLATION - CONNECTIONThe preferred installation for a Coflexip flexible line is with the pipepositioned in a J configuration and the end-fittings pointing up in a verticalposition. See fig. 7 on next page.

Figure 7

If, due to the rig equipment, this configuration is not feasible, special caremust be taken when securing a non-vertical connection that overbendingis avoided behind the end-fitting.Installation of a flexible line to a connector requires> Supporting the weight of both the end-fitting and the line;> Correct alignment of the end-fitting.The best way to achieve this is to support the weight of the line throughthe use of the lifting collar, then control the alignment with a non-metallicrope or sling attached about 3 feet behind the end-fitting. See figure 8following:

Figure 8Never do the reverse, i.e.:> Do not support the weight immediately behind the end-fitting;> Do not align the line from the end-fitting attachment.

2.4 WELDINGA flexible steel line is a mixed construction of steels and thermoplastics.It must be recognised that through heat diffusion which occurs during anyWelding process, the thermoplastic layers may suffer irreversible damageleading to an unsafe line. When used, welding processes are onlycompleted during the original manufacturing process of the line at a stagewhere the operation cannot affect the other components.Consequently, any field welding repair of a flexible line, involving eitherthe end-fitting (including the stainless steel ring groove) or the stainlesssteel outer carcass, will render the line unsafe and unusable. Such linesmust be withdrawn from service and stamped "NOT-REUSABLE".

3 OPERATING CONDITIONSAlthough similar, the construction of Coflexip lines for different drillingapplications such as Choke and Kill lines, Acid lines or Test lines differsignificantly. These lines must never be used for any purpose other thanthe original for which the line was supplied. In case of doubt, contact thenearest CSO office.

3.1 FLUIDS TO BE TRANSPORTED All kinds of drilling muds and oil production fluids, or chemical additives

may be transported through flexible lines depending upon theapplications.All components of the end-fittings in contact with the inner fluids aresatisfactorily protected against corrosion.

It is the internal liner made of thermoplastics which will limit the chemicalcompatibility of the flexible line. They are different for:• Standard temperature rated line (-20°C to +100°C / -4 to +212°F)

or• High temperature rated line (-20°C to +130C / -4 to 266°F)

or• Acid line (H.D.P.E.) (-20°C to ++65°C / -4 to +149°F).Tables 1, II and III give a limited list of the different chemicals relevant fordrilling and service applications and their effects on the flexible line. Incase of doubt, contact the nearest CSO office.It must be noted that Standard Temperature Rated line s (-20°C to +1OO°C / -4°F to +212°F) are not designed to handle any acidifiedeffluents and/or heavy metallic salts such as zinc bromide.

3.1.1 Chemical compatibility of standard temperature rated linesThe inner lining of these lines is made of RILSAN which is a grade ofpolyamide II material.See Table I following.

3.1.2 Chemical compatibility of high temperature rated linesThe inner lining of these flexible lines is made of COFLON, a fluorinatedthermoplastic: Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) material.See Table II following.

3.1.3 Exposure of high temperature rated lines to C02Under certain conditions, exposure to relatively high concentrations ofC02 can lead to damage of the coflon liner. For this reason, the followinglimitations are to be respected:

PRESSURE ......................TEMPERATURE...............FLUID CONDITIONS15,000 PSI .........................130°C (+266°F)..................C02 + H2S < 10 %10,000 PSI .........................130°C (+266°F)..................C02 + H2S < 30 %10,000 PSI .........................110°C (+230°F)..................C02 + H2S < 50 %

3.1.4 Chemical compatibility of acid (HDPE) linesThe inner lining of these flexibles is made of high or medium densitypolyethylene (HDPE) which is a polyolefinic material.See Table Ill following.

TABLE IProduct compatibility of standard temperature rated lines.

Corrosion resistance of rilsan inner lining.

TEMPERATUREConcentration or 0°F 75° F 150° F 200° F 250° F

Exposure Time -18°C 24° C 66° C 93° C 121° CHydrochloric acid HCl ..................15% ...............F ............ F.............F ............ F.............F.....................................................30% ...............F ............ F.............F ............ F.............FHydrofluoric acid HF .....................3% ................F ............ F.............F ............ F.............F....................................................7,5%...............F ............ F.............F ............ F.............FXylene C6 H4 (CH3)2.................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............S........... NRMethanol CH30H........................100% ..............S ............S........... NR..........NR ......... NRZinc bromide ZnBr2.................saturated ...........F ............ F.............F ............ F.............FCalcium Bromide CaBr2..........saturated ...........L ............ L.............L ............ L.............LCalcium chloride CaCl2 ...........saturated ...........S ............S.............L ............ L.............LMethane CH4 .............................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............S.............LDiesel..........................................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............S.............LCrude oil .....................................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............S.............LSodium hydroxide NaOH.............50% ...............S ............ L........... NR..........NR ......... NRHydrogen sulfide H2S................< 20%..............S ............S.............S ............S.............L

S: Satisfactory L: Limited use NR: Not Recommended F: Forbidden

TABLE IIProduct compatibility of high temperature rated lines.

Corrosion resistance of coflon inner lining.

TEMPERATUREConcentration or 0° F 75° F 150° F 200° F 250° F

Exposure Time -18°C 24° C 66° C 93° C 121° CHydrochloric acid HCI..................15% ...............S ............S.............S ............S.............S.....................................................30% ...............S ............S.............S ............S.............SHydrofluoric acid HF .....................3% ................S ............S.............S ............S.............S....................................................7,5%...............S ............S.............S ............S............S-Xylene C6 H4 (CH3)2.................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............S.............SMethanol CH30H........................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............S.............SZinc bromide ZnBr2.................saturated ...........S ............S.............S ............S.............SCalcium Bromide CaBr2..........saturated ...........S ............S.............S ............S.............SCalcium chloride CaCl2 ...........saturated ...........S ............S.............S ............S.............SMethane CH4 .............................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............S.............SDiesel..........................................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............S.............SCrude oil .....................................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............S.............SSodium hydroxide NaOH.............50% ...............S ............S.............L ...........NR ......... NRHydrogen sulfide H2S................< 20%..............S ............S.............S ............S.............S

S : Satisfactory L : Limited use NR : Not Recommended F : Forbidden

TABLE IIIProduct compatibility of acid (HDPE) lines.Corrosion resistance of HDPE inner lining.

TEMPERATUREConcentration or 0° F 75° F 150° F 200° F 250° F

Exposure Time -18°C 24° C 66° C 93° C 121° CHydrochloric acid HCI..................15% ...............S ............S.............S ............ F.............F.....................................................30% ...............S ............S.............S ............ F.............FHydrofluoric acid HF .....................3% ................S ............S.............L ............ F.............F....................................................7,5%...............S ............S.............L ............ F.............FXylene C6H4(CH3)2...................100% ............ NR..........NR ...........F ............ F.............F

Methanol CH30H ........................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............ F.............F

Zinc bromide ZnBr2.................saturated ...........S ............S.............S ............ F.............F

Calcium Bromide CaBr2..........saturated ...........S ............S.............S ............ F.............F

Calcium chloride CaCl2 ...........saturated ...........S ............S.............S ............ F.............F

Methane CH4 .............................100% ............ NR..........NR ......... NR........... F.............F

Diesel..........................................100% ..............S ............S.............S ............ F.............FCrude oil .....................................100% ............ NR..........NR ......... NR........... F.............FSodium hydroxide NaOH.............50% ...............S ............S.............S ............ F.............FHydrogen sulfide H2S................< 20%..............S ............S.............S ............ F.............F

S : Satisfactory NR : Not Recommended L : Limited use F : Forbidden

3.1.5 Sour serviceAll components of the end-fittings and of the flexible pipe, in contact withthe inner fluids, meet NACE-MR-01 -75. However, due to gas diffusion,some other internal components may be in contact with lowconcentrations of sour gas.Depending upon the application, Coflexip pipes are classified either:• Permanent sour service, or• Temporary sour serviceSee sections 7 to 1 0 for the different applications of Coflexip pipes. Incase of doubt, contact the nearest CSO office.

3.1.6 Flow RatesThe maximum continuous flowrate for all smooth bore i.e. thermoplasticinner sheathed lines, Is 15 metres per second. Many lines, particularlythose for acidizing / fracturing applications, have been subjected toflowrates well in excess of this figure for relatively short periods of timewithout any damage being sustained. This is entirely dependent on theabrasive properties of the flow medium and maximum short termflowrates cannot therefore be quantified for all flow conditions.

3.2 Temperature Ratings3.2.1 Standard temperature rated line(-20°C to + 100°C/-40F to + 212°F)• Continuous service

Standard Coflexip Choke and Kill lines are designed for -20°C to 100° C /-4°F to +212°F) continuous service, with no time limit (within the lifetimeof the whole line).

• Higher temporary service temperatureStandard Coflexip flexible pipes may be used up to + 130°/+266°F,maximum temperature of the transported fluids for a maximum of onemonth, continuous or cumulative service.Lines exposed to temperatures higher than +130°C / +212°F but no morethan +130°C / +260°F for continuous or cumulative service of 1 monthmust be removed from service and stamped not reusable following thisexposure.

• Survival conditionsAll Coflexip flexible lines (C/K, DST, PTL) are designed to resist to+160°C / +320°F maximum inner temperature of the contained fluids for aduration in excess of one hour.A copy of the qualification test report is available upon request from allCSO's sales offices.Standard temperature rated Coflexip flexible lines are deemed notreusable for further service after sustaining a temperature above thetemporary rating of +130°C (+260°F). Lines exposed to temperaturehigher than +130°C (+260°F) must be removed from service, properlystamped not reusable, and replaced by a new line.

3.2.2 High temperature rated Line (-20°C to +130°C / -40F to +266°F)• Continuous service

High temperature rated flexible pipes are designed for -20°C to+130°C (-4°F to +266°F) continuous service, with no time limit(within the lifetime of the whole line). NOTE Under certain fluid

conditions, there may be limitations on pressure and/or temperatureratings. (Refer to section 3, Para. 3.1.3).

• Higher temporary service temperatureHigh temperature rated flexible pipes are not designed for a highertemperature than the maximum continuous temperature rating.

• Survival conditionsAll Coflexip flexible lines are designed to resist to +160°C (+320°F)maximum inner temperature of the contained fluid for a duration inexcess of one hour. A copy of the qualification test report isavailable upon request from all CSO's sales offices.

High temperature rated Coflexip flexible lines are deemed not reusablefor further service after sustaining a temperature above the continuousrating of +130°C (+266°F). Lines exposed to temperatures higher than+130°C (+266°F) must be removed from service, properly stamped notreusable, and replaced by a new line.

3.2.3 Acidizing/fracturing lines (- 20°C to + 65°C / - 4°F to + 149°F)Coflexip acidizing/fracturing lines are designed for -20 to +65°C (-4°F to+149°F) continuous service, without limit on time (within the lifetime of thewhole line). As acidizing/fracturing lines are normally only used to pumpinto well formations, it is unlikely that there will be the requirement tooperate lines at temperatures higher than ambient and for this reasonthere are no other temperature ranges, temporary or survival. Theselines are not designed for flowing produced well fluids.

3.3 PRESSURE3.3.1 Rated working pressure

The working pressure stamped on the end-fitting must be understood asthe maximum design pressure to which the line may be permanentlysubjected.It Is not the manufacturer's responsibility to define allowances foreventual surges that may occur through the lines. We recommend usersto be aware of guidelines or specifications to be issued by CertifyingAuthorities or regulatory bodies.

3.3.2 OEM test pressureAll Coflexip flexible lines are pressure tested at the factory whencompleted. Test pressures are as follows:

WP OEM. TP5,000 PSI 1 0,000 PSI

10,000 PSI 15,000 PSI15,000 PSI 22,500 PSI

Test duration: all factory pressure tests last a minimum of 24 hours atambient temperature.

4 LIFETIME OF DRILLING AND SERVICE APPLICATION FLEXIBLELINESCoflexip flexible lines utilised for drilling and service applications aredesigned for twenty (20) years life in dynamic service conditions. Thisdesign life is based on lines operating for their intended service, within

their rated temperature range, fluid compatibility and allowable bendingradius.However, because of the many disparate factors affecting the lives ofindividual flexible lines, including extreme weather conditions, mishandlingand abuse, incorrect installation and storage, frequency of exposure toextremes of temperature and pressure, improper care and maintenance,use of incompatible fluids, etc. it is not possible to predict accurately theservice life of any individual flexible line.The designation of a "design life" should not be relied upon as aprediction or warranty of the life of a particular flexible line. Nor shouldpurchasers and users of Coflexip flexible lines rely upon this design life inlieu of proper installation, care, maintenance, storage, recommendedinspections, repairs when necessary and other requirements andprecautions recommended by CSO in the User's Manual.The design life is not intended to, and will not extend, modify or alter inany manner the expressed warranty or other conditions of sale given byCSO, nor shall the design life convey any expressed or implied warrantiesof “merchantability”, fitness for a particular purpose or any warrantiesexcept those expressly made in the "general conditions of sale".Flexible lines removed from service upon expiration of the service lifeshould be stamped "NOT REUSABLE" or preferably cut into pieces.

5 REPAIR OF FLEXIBLE LINESAs a result of periodic inspections, or "in field" observations, damage maybe noticed and require repair.

The following parts of a flexible line may be repaired at a convenient CSOfacility, depending upon the degree of the damage:• Serviceable parts of end-fitting, including handling collar, back nut

attachment of carcass and/or bend-stiffener;• Stainless steel outer carcass;• Outer plastic sheath underneath the carcass.For significant damage, such as overbent lines, the repair may consist ofmounting a new end-fitting(s) to a used line. This would involve cuttingoff one complete end-fitting and installing a new one, thus reducingslightly the overall line length. The new fitting would be marked with therepair project number and line test date plus the new overall length: theoriginal fitting which remains with the line will be stamped "repaired". Itshould be noted that old fittings are not in general reusable and that, as avariety of re-marking procedures have been employed since the firstrepairs were carried out, it is always worth checking line details on bothend-fittings.Whatever the nature of the repair, the lines are pressure tested at OEMtest pressure for 24 hours after completion.CSO reserves the right of declining any repair on a line which is found ina condition rendering it unsafe for use.Except in exceptional circumstances, CSO will not proceed with anyrepair on lines which do not meet current industry standards or CSO'sinternal standards. (For unused lines, see section 6.9).

6 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF LINES6.1 INTRODUCTION

This section details the actual inspections and tests recommended byCSO to ensure the continued safe use of our drilling and serviceapplication flexible lines.It defines precisely what is meant by the terminology used by CSO foreach type of inspection and/or test and therefore allows end-users toknow the extent or limitation of each procedure.The very nature of a flexible pipe's construction and that of its end-fittingsdoes not allow a detailed examination of all of the internal components,and therefore we rely heavily on external examination and regularpressure testing.It will be noted that CSO recommends end-users whenever possible, tohave this inspection and testing work carried out by the manufacturer.Under such circumstances, CSO will issue a certificate detailing theinspection and/or testing work performed on each line.Circumstances may make this impractical, and in such instances, CSOrelies on the end-user's QA/QC system, together with their experience ofusing these lines, to ensure that they remain fully functional.The recommended periodicity of each inspection or test varies dependingon the application, and the relevant section (7 to 10) should be referred tofor each type of line whilst reading this section to know the circumstancesapplicable to each inspection or test procedure. Although commonpractice for most users of such flexibles, it is strongly recommended thata record of all service work should be maintained for each line.

6.2 ROUTINE VISUAL INSPECTION6.2.1 External inspection

A visual inspection throughout the entire length of the line should include:1. Stainless steel outerwrap: the outerwrap must always ensure its

primary function which is to protect the polymeric sheath underneathfrom being torn or punctured.> Check that the carcass is properly attached at both end fittings;> Check that the entire surface of the polymeric sheath is

protected;> Check, if any damage is noticed on the stainless steel outerwrap,

that it would not be detrimental to the polymeric sheath.2. Termination: record any damage to the coating on the end-fitting, to

follow its progression, if any.3. Connector: same as above, with particular attention to the seal area.

6.2.2 Internal inspectionA visual inspection of the inner surface of the end-fitting is to be doneafter cleaning, to check that it is free of cracks and that the corrosionresistant coating is undamaged. In case of cracks or severe abrasion,the line should be removed from service and a more detailed inspectionshould be performed by the manufacturer.For Choke and Kill or Test Lines, inspection should show that they arefree from any collapse of the internal lining, this may be verified by eithervisual inspection or internal pigging or gauging.

6.3 FULL INSPECTIONA full inspection includes at least:• Entire external inspection;• Entire internal inspection• Full pressure test at OEM test pressure.CSO recommends that this inspection should be done by CSO at aconvenient CSO facility.However, it must be recognised that this may be impractical according tothe drilling programme schedule or location. If so, this full inspectionshould be carried out by a competent person who is qualified by the end-user's QA/QC system (See also Para. 6.5).

6.4 MANUFACTURER'S INSPECTION - MAJOR SURVEYIn accordance with the certifying authorities' specifications or CSO'srecommendations, or in the event of any doubt on a line's integrity, theline may be inspected by CSO at a suitable CSO facility.This inspection will include, as a minimum:• Entire external inspection;• Entire internal inspection;• Bending at the minimum bending radius;• Pressure test at OEM test pressure.

6.5 FIELD PRESSURE TESTING (OPTIONAL)Performed on Choke and Kill lines at least on an annual basis and only inthose circumstances where the full inspection proves impractical toperform (see section 7 - Para. 7.5.3). It should include:• A routine visual inspection as detailed in 6.2.1.• A field pressure test (section 7 - Para. 7.5.5) should be performed at

1.5 times working pressure and recorded for a period of six (6) hours.The purpose of the pressure test is to ensure that no damage hasoccurred to the protective outer sheath, or excess loads applied tothe line which could result in an insufficient pressure containingcapability both at the time of the test and for the next year that theline is in service.

In those circumstances where a full inspection is impractical due to theabove limitations and where regular pressure testing is performed as partof the end-user's QA/QC approved testing procedure, the safety factorand recorded test period may be reduced accordingly i.e. as analternative to a 6 hour recorded test at 1.5 x maximum working pressureevery year, a one hour recorded test at 1.1 x maximum working pressureevery month may be used, thus reducing the safety factor from 50 % to 10 % and the equivalent period in between recorded tests from one year toone month. The decision to adopt one or other of these testingprocedures as an alternative to the full inspection rests entirely with theend user and their own QA/QC system and they must be performed inaccordance with all applicable safety procedures.The aforementioned options are not interchangeable.

Important Note. The above testing (6.5) is an alternative to the fullinspection, strictly due to the rig limitations detailed in section 7 - para.7.5.5. of the guidance on Choke and Kill lines only. Wherever possible,the recommendations on the annual full inspection should be adhered to.

6.6 FULL PRESSURE TESTA full pressure test is performed at the OEM test pressure (1.5 times themaximum working pressure (MWP) of the line or 2 times MWP for 5000PSI WP lines) for a minimum of 24 hours.Permissible test media are drilling muds, oil or water.The following precautions should always be respected when performing apressure test.• All personnel involved in the preparation and execution of the test

must be trained and aware of the possible consequences of a testfailure

• Gas is not allowed as a test media; all entrapped gas MUST be bledoff during the pressurisation of the line.

• Test area must be cordoned off, and access restricted throughout theduration of any test.

• Nobody, including personnel involved in the completion of the test,must stand near the line under pressure.

6.7 RECORDING OF INSPECTIONS AND TESTSAll routine inspections must be properly recorded in the toolpusher's log,detailing Identification of the line, inspection, findings and test results.

All full inspections must be properly documented including the details offindings, repairs done and pressure test certificates.All these inspections are to be recorded by the end-user's QA/QC system.Where any or all of the tests and/or inspections are performed by CSOeither on site or at a CSO facility, an inspection report and findings,together with details of repair/refurbishment work performed and pressuretest recordings will be supplied to the end-user. Third, party verification ofsuch work/testing is normally provided as standard.

6.8 PERIODICITY OF INSPECTIONS AND TESTSRefer to the line application.

• Section 7: Choke and Kill lines• Section 8: Test lines• Section 9: Acidizing/fracturing lines• Section 1 0: Drag chain lines

6.9 UNUSED LINESIt is sometimes the case that, for a variety of reasons, a line may remainunused for a considerable period of time after delivery. In such instances,no inspection or testing is required during this storage period as long asnormal protective precautions are observed. (See section 2.1 - Generalguidelines: Storage). The term "unused" is taken to mean a line whichremains in its original delivery condition and has never been installed orused for any purpose except assembled within a DRAG CHAIN systemand not installed on the platform since OEM pressure test. After first use,

it is assumed that an inspection and test record would be established inaccordance with the recommendations made in this User's Guide.

7.1 DEFINITIONChoke and Kill lines are an integral part of the blow-out preventionequipment required for drilling well control.The Kill line provides a means of pumping fluid into the well bore whennormal circulation through the drill string cannot be employed.The Choke line connected to the choke manifold provides a means ofapplying back pressure on the formation while circulating out formationfluids influx into the wellbore following a "kick", the latter being an entry ofwater, gas, oil or other formation fluid into the wellbore and resulting frominsufficient pressure from the drilling fluid column to overcome thepressure exerted by the well formation. Failure to control a "kick" wouldresult in a "blow-out” or uncontrolled release of formation fluids or gases.Depending upon the type of rig where they are installed, the flexibleChoke and Kill lines are either "static" or "dynamic". A "dynamic" use isrequired to accommodate continuous relative motions of the connectionson floating rigs while "static" use is required for dimensional variations onsequential hook-ups.On semi-submersible drilling rigs or drillships, there are two primarylocations for Choke and Kill lines, "moonpool" lines used above surface toaccommodate rig motion in all three planes, and BOP stack lines used onthe LMRP (lower marine riser package) to allow for movement of theChoke and Kill lines around the balljoint or flex-joint.

In any case, all Coflexip flexible C/K lines are designed to resist acontinuous dynamic use.

7.2 BEND TESTBending the lines to the minimum bending radius (MBR) is required tocheck for possible degradation of the mechanical properties of the flexiblepipe inner lining. The acceptance criteria is that the line passes thepressure test after bending has been performed (the pressure test is notcarried out whilst the line Is at the MBR).Due to the nature and purpose of this test, the actual section of the linewhich is tested is not critical. however the bending radius itself is aprecise figure and for this reason a special calibrated BEND TEST RIGmust be used. (see photo below).

7.3 SOUR SERVICEAll kinds of drilling muds and oil production fluids may be transportedthrough Choke and Kill lines. As the lines may be used in areas wheresour service is required, all Coflexip Choke and Kill lines are classifiedSour service.All steel components of the flexible lines directly exposed to the Internalfluid meet NACE MR-01-75.However, the behaviour of a flexible line involving the use of steel andthermoplastic is complex and users must be aware that these lines arenot necessarily designed for a permanent exposure to sour fluids.In particular, the use of a Choke and Kill line as a Test line Is unsafe andmust be prohibited.

7.4 VENTINGCoflexip Choke and Kill lines are not vented.

7.5 PERIODICITY OF FIELD TESTING AND INSPECTION7.5.1 After installation pressure test

After installation the Choke and Kill lines (both surface and subsea)should be tested according to API recommendations (API RP53 - Periodicfield testing, Para 7.A.6).

7.5.2 Routine visual inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.2.1)The external visual inspection of the Choke and Kill lines should beperformed:

• At the end of a drilling campaign or,• At a one (1) month interval or,

• At the first opportune moment, after a kick has occurred but no more thanone (1) month after. This inspection to be recorded by the end-user's QA/QC system.Refer also to section 7.5.6 for subsea lines.

7.5.3 Full inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.3)A full inspection must be performed on a yearly basis. CSO recommendsthat this inspection is done by CSO at a convenient facility, when andwhere practicable (For alternative testing where the full pressure testproves impractical, see field pressure testing below - 7.5.5).

7.5.4 Manufacturer's inspection - major survey (Section 6 - Para. 6.4)CSO recommends that a first major survey be performed five (5) yearsafter the date of initial OEM Pressure Test. A second major surveyshould be performed three (3) years later, i.e. eight (8) years after theinitial OEM Pressure Test. Following this second major survey, CSO willat that time make recommendations to periodicity of further majorinspections.

7.5.5 Field pressure testing (optional) (Section 6 - Para. 6.5)It is recognised by CSO that due to a rig's location, lack of pressuretesting and/or inspection facilities, it is either inconvenient to return a lineto CSO or impossible to perform a full inspection on board the rig. Underthese circumstances, a FIELD PRESSURE TEST (section 6 - Para. 6.5)may be performed as a minimum test requirement and as an alternativeto the recommended full inspection, it can only be carried out on a

maximum of two consecutive annual occasions i.e. a maximum of three(3) years between full inspection.

7.5.6 Subsea (BOP stack) Choke and Kill lines:By virtue of their location, BOP stack lines differ from moonpool lines inthe following ways:They are much shorter (typically 12-20 feet overall length) and are notsubjected to the same degree of dynamic motion as moonpool lines.Being custom-built to fit each stack and being relatively short, their lengthtolerances are more critical than those of moonpool lines (typically 55-90feet overall length).Installation subsea means that these lines are difficult if not impossible tovisually inspect. Furthermore, recovery to the surface in order to carryout inspection work and testing is both time consuming and expensive.Experience has shown that, assuming the configuration design is strictlyadhered to, a combination of less dynamic movement plus a reduced riskof damage by mishandling or misuse, means that they are a lot lessprone to failure as a result of mechanical damage.CSO would, as a result of these factors, expect that end-users, theirQA/QC system and their certifying authorities would be more flexible incarrying out regular inspection and testing work. This does not removethe requirement to perform such work but that it would be more likely tobe performed on an opportunity basis when other such work necessitatesrecovery of the BOP stack for disassembly, testing and/or overhaul.

8 TEST LINE APPLICATIONS

8.1 "DST" and "PTL" Lines DefinitionThe conventional methods of performing a test on a formation beforeinstalling the final completion equipment is the DRILL STEM TEST whichmay be carried out through flexible steel lines, thus providing a singlelength, two connection only section of piping which is both safe and easyto install. Usually a Drill Stem Test is a short test which lasts less than 72hours. The flexible line designed for such an application is the "DST"flexible line.Production tests done on a well any time after the completion are verysimilar, but they may last longer. The Coflexip flexible line designed forthat application is the "PTL" line.

8.2 Sour ServiceAll steel components of DST and PTL Coflexip flexible lines, terminationsand connectors directly exposed to the internal fluids meet NACE MR-01 -75.• DST LINES: Temporary sour service

DST are designed for temporary and not permanent exposure tosour service.Each individual Drill Stem Test should not exceed 72 hours.

• PTL LINES: Permanent sour servicePTL lines are designed for a permanent exposure to sour service.For this reason, PTL lines can be used for Drill Stem Testapplications whilst DST cannot be used for long test applications inexcess of 72 hours.

8.3 VENTINGBoth DST and PTL flexible lines are vented.

8 4 PERIODICITY OF FIELD TESTING AND INSPECTION8.4.1 After installation pressure test

After installation in the test system hook-up, the flexible test line shouldbe tested in accordance with API recommendations on blow-outprevention system operation tests (AP1 RP53 - Para. 7 A 6).

8.4.2 Routine external visual inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.2)The external visual inspection of the DST and PTL flexible line should beperformed after completion of each test programme or at a one (1) monthmaximum interval.

8.4.3 Full inspection (Section 6 - Para 6.3)A full inspection, including the internal inspection and a OEM pressuretest must be performed on a yearly basis.CSO recommends that this inspection is done by CSO at a convenientCSO facility, when and where practicable.

8.4.4 Manufacturer's inspection - Major survey (Section 6 - Para 6.4)CSO recommends that at least one major survey is done by CSO at aconvenient CSO facility during the first 1 0 years, preferably in the rangeof 3 to 6 years after the OEM pressure test.

9 ACIDIZING AND FRACTURING LINE APPLICATIONS9.1 Definition

Oil and gas wells require regular maintenance and servicing throughoutthe life of the well. This can 'Involve pumping fluids, foam or gascontaining treatment materials into the well. These operations startduring the drilling phase of the well with operations such as cementing.During the production phase, they include acid and proppant stimulation,water and sand control, as well as fluid support for workover operations.At the end of a well's economic or practical life, the services cover killingand abandonment operations. Well service operations therefore involveusing piping to pump into a well as opposed to extracting from it.

9.1.1 Well service operationsThese operations, normally involve pumping treatment materials for shortperiods of time, usually less than 24 hours. Flexible lines may be any ofthe three liner types i.e. HDPE, rilsan or coflon depending on servicetype. Acidizing /fracturing lines are either HDPE or coflon, the latter beinga "dual-purpose" designation, capable of handling acids, produced wellfluids and heavy metallic salts such as calcium or zinc bromide.Temperature ranges for these operations are given in section 3 - para.3.2.

9.1.2 Dynamic operationsSuch operations involve the use of the flexible lines to compensate forrelative motion between the two connection points. An example is theservicing of wells from a floating service vessel to a fixed production

platform: such an application can be highly dynamic and applies atremendous strain on the pipe's construction properties.

9.1.3 Static operationsThese normally involve small or negligible amounts of relative movementduring hook-up, the lines being used to accommodate dimensionalvariations in fixed piping for equipment connection.

9.2 Sour ServiceAll steel components of acidizing/fracturing and well service Coflexipflexible line terminations and connectors directly exposed to the internalfluids, meet the requirements of NACE MR-01 -75.Lines designated "ACD" i.e. acidizing/fracturing are unsuitable for anyservice where produced well fluids or gases are present. For this reason,the steels used for the fabrication of these lines do not necessarily meetthe requirements of NACE MR-01 -75. Other lines with Coflon or Rilsanliners can be used for temporary or permanent sour service (see section8 - Test line applications).

9.3 VENTINGAcidizing/fracturing flexible lines are not vented. Coflon flexible lineswhen sold as acid lines only are not vented, but when required for "dual-purpose" i.e. DST or PTL applications in addition to acidizing/fracturing,vents are included - refer to OEM pressure test certificate or line databook for precise application, alternatively contact nearest CSO office withline serial number for further details.

9.4 PERIODICITY OF FIELD TESTING AND INSPECTION9.4.1 Routine external visual inspection (Section 6 - Para. 6.2)

The External Visual Inspection of the acidizing/fracturing line should beperformed:• Short lengths (static operations): prior to each hook-up and at one

(1) month intervals after hook-up.• Long lengths (dynamic operations: vessel or winch-mounted acid

lines). During deployment from winch to rig connection and duringre-spooling on to winch.

9.4.2 After installation pressure testAll acidizing/fracturing lines whether short or long length, should bepressure tested after installation and prior to operating under pressure at110 % of the maximum expected working pressure.

9.4.3 Full inspection (section 6 - para. 6.3)A full inspection must be performed on a yearly basis. CSO recommendsthat this inspection is done by CSO at a convenient CSO facility, whenand where this is practicable.

9.4.4 Manufacturer's inspection - Major survey (section 6 - Para. 6.4)CSO recommends that at least one major survey is done by CSO at aconvenient CSO facility during the first 1 0 years, preferably in the rangeof 3 to 6 years after the OEM original pressure test.

10 DRAG CHAIN OPERATIONS10.1 Definition

Drag chain applications are specific to any flexibles which are installedwithin a drag chain system.These can be lines used for choke, kill, mud, cement, test and wellcompletion fluid or other services, and as such are governed by sections1 to 6 inclusive of this User's Guide.

Fig 9a

Fig 9bAs can be seen in figures 9a and b, the flexibles are effectively containedwithin an articulated metal box. This is constructed to respect the MBR(storage) x 1.1 (see section 1.4) of the largest internal diameter highpressure line and thus ensures that the required MBR will always berespected.Consequently, the MBR of small diameter lines will be in excess of theirminimum values.The drag chain itself also provides a supplementary mechanicalprotection outside the stainless steel outer wrap, thus the risk of externalmechanical damage is significantly reduced.

Furthermore, each flexible length is specifically engineered to fit betweenthe 2 rigid connection points.The flexibles, once installed in the drag chain and hooked-up at each end,are in a controlled, protected environment and therefore the inspectionand test requirements are different to other installations.

10.2 PERIODICITY OF FIELD TESTING AND INSPECTION10.2.1 After platform installation and hook up

The high pressure flexibles, once fitted into the drag chains are installedas a package on to the platform and hooked-up to the rigid piping at eachend via the adapters (see general arrangement drawing - Figure 1 0).All lines should then be tested in accordance with API recommendations(API RP 53 Periodic field testing, para. 7.A.6). Alternatively, it isrecommended that these lines are tested at a minimum of 110 % of themaximum expected working pressure.

10.2.2 Routine visual inspection (section 6 Para. 6.2)The external visual inspection of the drag chain lines should beperformed: V At platform installation upon completion of hook-up.• At subsequent 6-monthly periods, or after each skidding operation

whichever comes first.• After any intervention or maintenance on the drag chain itself.• For Choke and Kill lines, at the first opportune moment after a kick

has occurred, but no more than 1 month after. This inspection to berecorded by the end-users QA/QC system.

10.2.3 Yearly testOn a yearly basis, from date of initial platform hook-up, CSOrecommends that all Coflexip lines are pressure tested at 110 % of themaximum expected working pressure, in order to verify the integrity of thelines.