以社會交換理論探討消費者對團購意圖之影響oplab.im.ntu.edu.tw/csimweb/system/application/views/files/ICIM/20110051.pdf ·...

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以社會交換理論探討消費者對團購意圖之影響 張玲星 廖瑩 陳裕昇 鄭光廷 國立屏東商業技術學 院資管所副教授 國立屏東商業技術學 院資管所研究生 國立屏東商業技術學 院資管所研究生 國立中山大學資管所 博士生 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 摘要 在物價上漲的現在,線上團購已經成 為一個省錢的好方法之一,因為它透過主 購在線上團購網站上揪團、以量制價的方 式,讓商品能比用其他方式購買來得更便 宜。本研究以社會交換理論 (Social Exchange Theory)為研究的理論基礎,加上 購買習性(衝動性購買、快樂的需求)和 重要其他人(朋友)等構面,探討消費者 在線上團購的意圖。本研究藉由問卷調查 法蒐集線上團購會員在線上團購意圖各構 面的問卷,並以內容分析法分析跟團者對 主購的消費者評價的內容。研究結果發 現:(1)團購意圖會受到網站聲譽、重要其 他人(朋友)、快樂的需求、主購承諾的影 響;(2)衝動性購買會受到重要其他人(朋 友)的影響;(3)網站信任與主購信任會受 到網站聲譽的影響;(4)評價的品質會影響 主購信任;(5)主購信任會影響主購承諾。 並提出本研究對學術及實務上的貢獻。 關鍵詞:社會交換理論、衝動性購買、快 樂的需求、重要其他人(朋友)、消費者評 1. 緒論 隨著網際網路的快速發展,加上近幾 年宅經濟的發燒,網路購物已經成為網路 上發展最快的一個新興行業,網路購物的 種類很多,例如:eBay 拍賣、Yahoo!購 物中心、淘寶網(Taobao)等等,其運作方式 是賣方(店家或消費者)在網站上張貼商 品資訊,讓買方(消費者)可以根據其張 貼的資訊以及曾經買過相同商品的消費者 所留下的評價紀錄,以決定是否參與拍賣 或者購買動作。 最近幾年興起一種很特殊的網路購物 模式,那就是「線上團購」 (Online Group-buying) ,其運作方式與以往的網路 購物方式有很大的不同,它是以團結力量 大、以量制價的方式,由主購發起揪團的 商品,在網站上張貼其商品資訊,號召想 跟團的團員,等到聚集足夠的商品數量 後,以大量購買的方式讓商品價格降低或 者使商品達到免運費,達到供應商、主購 與跟團者三贏的局面。 由於這樣的特性,許多的線上團購網 站紛紛設立,例如:美國最大的團購網站 Groupon ,其命名為優惠券 (Coupon) 的諧 音,每天只推出一項折扣產品,每人每天 限拍一次,當購買人數達到最低標準時, 即可成交(陳炳宏,2011)。Groupon 靠著 超低折價與商品單純化,吸引網友上門, 結合電子商務、網路廣告以及向商家收取 產品佣金獲利(陳炳宏,2011)。從 2008 11 月成立後擴展快速,並在 2010 12 月併購台灣的社群網站「地圖日記」,進軍 台灣市場。此外中國團購網站從 2010 3 月崛起,不到 1 年的時間,中國團購網站 的數量已經增加為 1,700 多家,例如:淘 寶、百度、騰訊等等知名的網路巨頭,以 及美團網、糯米網等等十幾家有實力的獨 立團購網站也都進入中國團購市場(佘研 寧,2011)。並且僅僅只是 2010 11 月, 中國團購網站的訪問人數就將近一億人, 佔網路購物的訪問人數的 36.5%,由於中 國團購網站的市場正迅速擴大,因此吸引 Groupon 想進入中國團購網站的市場。 當然台灣也有一些著名的線上團購網站, 例如:BuyTogether PTT 合購版)、iHergo (愛合購)等等。 庶民經濟當道,兩三年前開始發燒的 線上團購美食是許多上班族、家庭主婦的

Transcript of 以社會交換理論探討消費者對團購意圖之影響oplab.im.ntu.edu.tw/csimweb/system/application/views/files/ICIM/20110051.pdf ·...

  • [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

    (Social

    Exchange Theory)

    (1)

    (2)

    (3)

    (4)

    (5)

    1.

    eBay Yahoo

    (Taobao)

    (Online

    Group-buying)

    Groupon(Coupon)

    2011Groupon

    2011 2008

    11 2010 12

    2010 3

    1

    1,700

    2011 2010 11

    36.5%

    Groupon

    BuyTogetherPTT iHergo

  • 2011

    plurk

    Facebook

    Kauffman Wang (2001, 2002)

    Mobshop

    Tsvetovat (2000)

    (2006)

    (Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB)

    (2008)

    (Expectation-Confirmation Model)

    (Technology Acceptance Model)

    Web2.0

    C2C

    Web2.0

    Kauffman (2010)

    (Expected Utility Theory)

    (Transaction Utility Theory)

    (Price Fairness)(Procedural

    Fairness)

    (Social

    Exchange Theory)

    (Group-buying Intention)

    (1)

    (2)

    2.

    3.1

  • (Ariely & Levav,

    2000; Luo, 2005)

    (Luo,

    2005)

    H1

    H1

    3.2

    Luo(2005)

    H2

    H2

    3.3

    (Rook, 1987; Rook &Fisher, 1995; Hausman, 2000;

    Peck & Childers, 2006)

    H3a H3b

    H3a

    H3b

    3.4

    (Anderson & Weitz,

    1992; Jarvenpaa et al., 2000)

    H4

    H4

    3.5

    (Doney &

    Cannon, 1997)

    (Luo, 2002)

    H5a H5b

    H5a

    H5b

  • 3.6

    (Blau, 1964; Quelch & Klein, 1996; Keen, 1997; Morrison & Firmstone,

    2000)

    (Ba & Pavlou, 2002)

    H6a H6b

    H6a

    H6b

    3.7

    (Papadopoulou et al.,

    2001; Hwang & Kim, 2007)

    (Blau,

    1964)

    H7

    H7

    3.8

    (Blau, 1964)

    (Dwyer et al.,

    1987)

    H8

    H8

    3.9

    (Homans, 1958)

    (Park et al.,

    2007)

    (Park et al., 2007)

    H9a H9b

    H9a

    H9b

    3.

    Negogo

    Negogo

  • e-mail

    Negogo 2010 12

    2011 1 350

    242 69%

    213 61%

    Negogo

    (Content Analysis)

    70 Likert

    3.1

    PASW 18Smart PLS 2.0

    M3

    (A)

    (N=213) (

    54.5%)Negogo

    (B)

    (N=213)2029

    78.4%303911.7%

    12194049

    4.7%500.5%

    Negogo

    2039(C)

    (N=213)(53.1%)

    (35.7%)

    Cronbach's

    Cronbach's

    Nunnally(1978)(

    0.7)

    1

    1 (N=213)

    Cronbach's

    0.91

    0.95

    0.80

    0.93

    1.00

    0.95

    0.90

    0.90

    0.87

    0.93

    0.513 1.000 Fornell

    Larcker(1981)0.5

    (CR)0.861.00Fornell

    Larcker(1981)0.8

    (AVE)0.571.00Fornell

    Larcker(1981)0.5

    (1) 0.85

    (Kim et al., 2003)

    0.85

    (2) FornallLarcker(1981)

    AVE

    AVE

    AVE

    AVE

    3.2

    (quantitative)

    (Neuendorf, 2002)

  • (Neuendorf, 2002)

    (Par, 2004)

    MIS

    (Strauss & Corbin,

    1990)

    Negogo

    Negogo

    (A)

    +2

    +1(B)

    +0(C)

    -2-1(D)

    (1)

    2

    256

    54.30%

    32.81%

    9.38%

    3.52%

    :)

    2

    84 32.81%

    256

    24 9.38%

    9 3.52%

    139 54.30%

    (2)

    1

    XD1

    (A)

    (B)

    +2

    2

    ~~2(A)

    (B)

    +2

    7933

    98.74%

  • 0.88%

    The taste of it isnt

    good!0.38%

    67.72%

    32.28%

    3

    783 98.74%

    793 7 0.88%

    3 0.38%

    537 67.72% 793

    256 32.28%

    4.

    H3aH6aH6bH9a

    1

    t>1.645*t>1.96**t>2.576***t>3.291****

    1

    Negogo

    4.1

    (1)

    (H1)

    (R2=62.5%)

    (t>3.291)

    H1 Ariely

    Levev(2000) Argo (2005)

    Luo(2005)

    (2)

    (H3a)

    (R2=62.5%)

    H3a

    Rook(1987) Rook

    Fisher(1995)Baumeister(2002)

    (3)

    (H3b)

    (R2=62.5%)

    (t>1.96)H3b

    Hausman(2000) Peck

    Childers(2006)

  • (4)

    (H4)

    (R2=62.5%)(t>2.576)

    H4

    AndersonWeitz(1992)Jarvenpaa

    (2000)

    (5)

    (H6a)

    (R2=62.5%)

    H6aBa

    Pavlou(2002)MariosWilliam(2002)

    Yoon(2002)

    ~

    ^^

    Negogo

    (6)

    (H6b)

    (R2=62.5%)

    H6bBaPavlou(2002)

    MariosWilliam(2002)Yoon(2002)

    Negogo

    :)

    3.52%

    (7)

    (H8)

    (R2=62.5%)

    (t>1.96)

    H8 Dwyer

    (1987)ParkKim(2003)

    4.2

    (1)

    (H5a)

    (R2=67.5%)

    (t>3.291)H5a

    Anderson Weitz(1989)

    Ganesan(1994) Doney

    Cannon(1997)Luo(2002)

  • 4.3

    (1)

    (H5b)

    (R2=40.8%)

    (t>1.645)

    H5b Anderson

    Weitz(1989)Ganesan(1994)Doney

    Cannon(1997)Luo(2002)

    H5a

    (2)

    (H9a)

    (R2=40.8%)

    H9aPark(2007)

    67.72%

    ~

    (3)

    (H9b)

    (R2=40.8%)

    (t>3.291)

    H9bPark(2007)

    32.81%

    4.4

    (1)

    (H7)

    (R2=44.2%)

    (t>3.291)

    H7Papadopoulou

    (2001)HwangKim(2007)

    4.5

    (1)

    (H2)

    (R2=1.8%)

    (t>1.96)H2

    Luo(2005)

    5.

  • 6.

    (1)

    (H1)(H3b)

    (H4)(H8)

    (2)(H2)

    (3)

    (H5aH5b)

    (4)

    (H9b)

    (5)

    (H7)

    (H3a)

    (H6a)

    (H6b)

    (H9a)

    Negogo

    Negogo

    PTT

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