Code Concrete Delivery 3/6/2014 - mapyourshow.com · a delivery ticket that is full of useful...

Crack the Code on your Concrete Delivery Ticket CONEXPO‐CON/AGG 3/6/2014

Kenneth C. Hover, P.E., Ph.D,[email protected] 1

1 1www.conexpoconagg.com

“Crack” the Code On Your Concrete Delivery Ticket

• Description: Every load of concrete comes with a delivery ticket that is full of useful information, if you know how to crack the secret code! Critical information includes identifying the right mix, batch and cumulative volume, help on checking yield, admixtures, and the amount of water that can be added within specs. The ticket also tells the batch time, which is important for predicting slump loss and setting time.


• Delivery ticket full of useful information– Have to crack the secret code!

• Identify right mix• Batch and cumulative volume• Help on checking yield• Admixtures• Amount of water that can be added• Batch time to Predict slump loss and setting



• Cost information

• Additional charges

• Responsibilities / Disclaimers



• Take advantage of the information the concrete producer gives you to:– 1. Make sure you got what you ordered.

– 2. Keep track of concrete volume and yield.

– 3. Predict setting time for your finishers.





Con-Agg ConcreteMade Fresh Daily


Con-Agg ConcreteMade Fresh Daily


Con-AggConcrete

Made Fresh DailyYour Ad Here!

ACME CONSTRUCTION LVCC, NORTH, OFF PARADISE


Con-AggConcrete






Con-AggConcrete




Con-AggConcrete




Con-AggConcrete




Con-AggConcrete




Con-AggConcrete



Vol. This Load Total Batchedthis order 37 37www.conexpoconagg.com

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Cost per CY

Cost Accounting




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Cost per 2 CY Load

Cost Accounting


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Extra costs for this load

Cost Accounting


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Cost Accounting


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Cost Accounting

IMPORTANT TERMS AND CONDITIONS

Customer will be allowed Five Minutes Per Cubic Yard Free Unload Time. Delay Caused by Customer Over This Time Will Be Charge For At The Rate of $75.00 per hour.

Extra charge is made for deliveries of less than 4 cubic yard loads.

IMPORTANT TERMS AND CONDITIONS

The cement used in this concrete is guaranteed to conform to the present specifications of the American Society for Testing Materials and the United States Government.

Since we have no control over the use of the concrete we therefore cannot guarantee or assume responsibility for the finish work for which it is used.




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Cost Accounting

Hot Water

Small Load


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Cost Accounting


• Arrived Job 2:50 (10 min early)• Finished Pour 4:00• Total time 70 min.• Allowed time per CY 5 min• Number of CY 2• Total free discharge time 10 min• Overtime by ticket 60 min• Overtime by driver 45 min• OT actually charged: 45 min• OT Cost at $81.00/hr $60.75


Your Ad Here!


Cost Accounting

Overtime Charges:45 min. @ $81.00/hr = $60.75

Concrete Cost $199.00Extra Charges $138.75Total Charges $337.75


SO who agreed to these terms and conditions?

Who evidently not only agreed to the terms and conditions, but also inspected, approved, and received the concrete! One busy and powerful person!


Con-AggConcrete



What other exciting stuff is on the top half of the ticket?

10 min haul time




Now for the Bottom Half of the Ticket


Concrete Composition Air Entrained Concrete

Example Mix

Cement 564 lb

Water 259

Coarse #1 720

Coarse #2 1065

Fine 1255

Total 3863

w/c = 259/564 = 0.46

55www.conexpoconagg.com

~1 inch

~½ inch


• Type II Cement only, no Ash or Slag

• Water Reducer• Air Entraining Admixture• No Fibers





Example Mix

Cement 564 lb

Water 259

Coarse 1785

Fine 1255

Total 3863

w/c = 259/564 = 0.46Weight

Proportions

15%7%

78%


Who Cares aboutBatch Weights?


Who Cares aboutBatch Volumes?



68 68www.conexpoconagg.com 69 69www.conexpoconagg.com

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Yield Batched by Weight

Ordered, Discharged, Invoiced, and Complained-

aboutBy Volume

But the owner will not load it with 11 CY by Volume

Owner will calculate weight of material that should produce a volume of 11 CY

1. Approved batch weights.2. Cement, flyash, slag, silica

fume density.3. Aggregate densities

(specific gravities).4. Aggregate moisture content.5. Water already in mixer.6. Added water7. Air content

1% concrete vol. per ton of aggregate/CYper 1% moisture

1% air volume = 1% concrete volume= 1 CY per 100 CY per percent air content.

“Yield” = Measured Vol. as-deliveredPredicted Vol. as-batched

This concrete is batched by weight, but sold by volume. You can be assured of proper weight even though some settling of contents (loss of air) normally occurs during shipment and handling, and the water content and materials densities might be a bit different than we figured on. Concrete performance depends on

relative volumes of constituents



80 80www.conexpoconagg.com 81 81www.conexpoconagg.com

WaterCement

AirSand

Coarse

82www.conexpoconagg.com 84www.conexpoconagg.com


Cement 564 lb

Water 259

Coarse #1 720

Coarse #2 1065

Fine 1255

Total 3863

w/c = 259/564 = 0.46


Example Mix

Cement 564 lb

Water 259

Coarse 1785

Fine 1255

Total 3863

w/c = 259/564 = 0.46Weight

Proportions

15%7%

78%





Example Mix

Cement 564 lb

Water 259

Coarse 1785

Fine 1255

Total 3863

w/c = 259/564 = 0.46Volume

Proportions87www.conexpoconagg.com

11%

15%

78%

6%

Volume Proportions

11%

15%

78%

6%

Cement 11%

Water 15%

Aggregate 78%

Air 6%

Hydration

Fundamental Steps to Quality

• Low Water-Cement Ratio

• Wet Curing

• Temperature Control



Weight of WaterWeight of Cement

Type IType IType I

Weight of WaterWeight of Cement + SCM

Type IType IASH

The higher the w/c or w/cm, the more dilute the adhesive!

w/cm =

ASH

Weight of WaterWeight of Cement

Type IType IType I

Impact on Strength and Durabilityand ACI Code Requirements

0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80Water Cement Ratio

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

28-D

ay C

ompr

essi

ve S

tren

gth

Approximate 28-Day Compressive Strengthas a function of Water/Cement Ratio.Adapted from ACI 211.1-91, Table 6.3.4(a)

Non Air-Entrained Concrete (about 2% air)

Air-entrained concrete (about 6% air)


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

Coe

ffici

ent o

f Per

mea

bilit

y, K

q x

10,0

00

Permeability as a function of Water/Cement Ratio.Data from Bureau of Reclamation Concrete Manual,8th Edition, 1975, Figure 17, page 37. 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80

Water / Cementitious Materials Ratio

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Ave

rag

e 2

8-d

ay

Co

mp

ress

ive

Str

en

gth

(p

si)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Co

effi

cie

nt o

f Pe

rmea

bili

ty E

-14

m/s

ec

Per

mea

bilit

y

Strength-non air entrained

Strength - air entrained

Mo

ist

Fre

ezin

g

Co

rro

sio

n P

rote

ctio

n

0.45

Minimum specified strength

318strperm-3

4500



Water- Cement Ratio

Water / Cement Ratio

W / C = 0.70

W / C = 0.54


W / C = 0.42


W / C = 0.33




Water weight = 31 Gallons x 8,34 lb/Gal. = 259 lbs

Cement weight = 564 lb

w/c = 259/564 = 0.459

107 107

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Corrections forAggregate Moisture Content

Density depends onMoisture Content



Fine aggregate stock pile

Older aggregate pile

Recently dumped aggregate pile

Common Ready-Mix Usage:Weight of water ON aggregate

= 6% of SSD weight

What does 6% Moisture Content Mean?

ASTM, Industry Standard Usage:Weight of water IN and ON aggregate =

6% of Oven-Dry weight

120 120


Water Control


1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

28-D

ay C

ompr

essi

ve S

tren

gth

Approximate 28-Day Compressive Strengthas a function of Water/Cement Ratio.Adapted from ACI 211.1-91, Table 6.3.4(a)

Non Air-Entrained Concrete (about 2% air)

Air-entrained concrete (about 6% air)

0.40 0.45Water Cement Ratio

0

1

2

3

4

5

Coe

ffici

ent o

f Per

mea

bilit

y, K

q x

10,0

00

0.40 0.45Water Cement Ratio

0

1

2

3

4

5

Coe

ffici

ent o

f Per

mea

bilit

y, K

q x

10,0

00

2.7

250% Increase in Permeability

1.1



Analysis by Life-365

• 611 lb cement / CY• 122 lb Type F flyash• 37 lb Silica Fume• w/c ranges from 0.34 to 0.54• 2 in (50 mm) cover• Northern Snowbelt Environment• Compute time to corrosion

Time to Corrosion Initiation

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55

w/c

Ye

ars


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

Gallons Water per CY

Tim

e to

Co

rro

sio

n

(Yea

rs)


0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

Gallons Water per CY

Tim

e to

Co

rro

sio

n

(Yea

rs)

-3 Years per gallon



180 180


SettingTime

181 181


182 182

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184 184


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Batch Time = 2:24 PM

185 185


CUMULATIVE BATCH WEIGHTS

A Final Mystery



186 186



Example Mix

Cement 564 lb

Water 259

Coarse #1 720

Coarse #2 1065

Fine 1255

Total 3863

w/c = 259/564 = 0.46

188


~1 inch

~½ inch

189 189


Batch weights /CY

Batch weights / Load

Batch weights /CY

Batch weights/Load

Batch weights /CY

Batch weights/Load

Why not double the weights for a 2 CY load???



194 194


• Take advantage of the information the concrete producer gives you to:– 1. Make sure you got what you ordered.

– 2. Keep track of concrete volume and yield.

– 3. Predict setting time for your finishers.


Code Concrete Delivery 3/6/2014 - mapyourshow.com · a delivery ticket that is full of useful...

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