CODATA 2006 Session B9 Clean Energy Recovery from Coal
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Transcript of CODATA 2006 Session B9 Clean Energy Recovery from Coal
CODATA 2006Session B9
Clean Energy Recovery from Coal
Objectives:Negative public feeling against Coal due to large CO2 and other pollutants emission compared to other fossil fuels.However, new technology is developed, to use coal clean and to recover clean energy from coal seam.Demonstrate the recent trend and relevant data in this field.
CODATA 2006Session B9
Clean Energy Recovery from Coal
How to use coal cleanGaseous fuel: Gasification (surface, underground)
Coalbed methane productionLiquid fuel: Liquefaction
4 Presentations:Coalbed methane (CBM)Underground coal gasification (UCG)Enhanced coalbed methane recoveryLCA of total coal energy system
Coalbed Methane as a Clean Energy Resources
- Asian Prospects -
20th CODATA ConferenceOctober 23, 2006 Beijing
Sohei SHIMADA Dept. of Environment Systems,
The University of Tokyo
Outline of Presentation
What is CBM?CBM and CMMWorld CBM ResourcesRecent Production TechnologyRecent Utilization TechnologyAsian Prospects
China / India /IndonesiaConclusion
CBM : Coalbed Methane Methane generated during the coalfication process and stored in coal seam.Originally the term “CBM” was used in Gas Industry as one kind of Natural Gas.There is another concept in Mining Industry for draining coal mine gases to hold the mine safety. CBM is a rather new energy resources (1980s).GHG with 21 times GWP more than CO2.
US CBM Production and Reserves
CAG:
Coal Associated Gas
CBM: Coalbed Methane
includes pre-mining drainage via virgin CBM wells > 1 year before mining
CMG:
Coal Mine Gas
CMM: Coal Mine Methane
including pre-mining drainage via virgin CBM wells < 1 year before mined through, in-mine drainage and gob (goaf) wells
AMM:
Abandoned Mine Methane
VAM:
Ventilation Air Methane
Classification of Coalbed Methane (proposed by UN ECE)
World CBM Resources CBM
Resources( x 10 12 m3)
CBM Resources
( x 10 12 m3)
Russia 17 – 113 Poland 3
Canada 6 – 76 UK 2
China 30 – 35 Ukraine 2
Australia 8 – 14 Kazakhstan
1
USA 11 India <1
Germany 3 South Africa
<1
TOTAL 84 - 262
Source: IEA CR/76 (1995)
CBM Production (Arkoma Basin)
Gas Drainage System in Taiheiyo Coal Mine
Gas Recovery System used in Tiefa Coal Mine
Recent CBM Production Technology
Horizontal wellsEnhanced coalbed methane recovery
CDX Gas: Z-Pinnate Drilling and Completion Technology (Pinnate Technology)
In order to make the drilling of horizontal wells stable, pressure in the wells are controlled by injecting air. (Dual Well System with Air Injection)
Sectional View of Pinnacle System
Enhanced Coalbed Methane RecoveryProduction enhancement by CO2 and/or N2 injection.Effective for the low permeability coal.CO2 injection: production enhancement by CH4/CO2 displacement (competitive adsorption)N2 injection: production enhancement by decreasing CH4 concentration in pore (stripping effect).Need of gas (CH4/CO2/N2) separation before injection or after production.Separation cost is expensive.
World Geological CO2 Storage Sites
ECBMR
ECBMR Project Site (San Juan Basin)
Recent CBM Utilization Technology and R&D
Replacement of natural gas Town gas, Industrial boilers
Power generation Gas turbine, Gas engine, Co-combustion, F
uel cellOxidation/heat production
Vocsidizer (MEGTEC system)Chemical feed stock
Hydrogen production
Power Generation using CMM at Shizhuang
Fuel Cell Power Plant using CMM
Asian Prospects for CBM
ChinaIndoIndonesia
Coal Reserves and Production
China India Indonesia
Coal Reserves (million tons)(2003)
114,502( 12.6%)
(3)
92,447(10.2%)
(4)
4,968(0.5%)(16)
Coal Production (million tons)(2003)
1,670.1(39.0%)
(1)
353.6(8.3%)
(3)
115.3(2.7%)
(7)CMM Emission(MMt CO2 e)(2000)
171.8
(1)
10.1
(8)
3.4
(13)
Source: EPA (M2M)
CBM Resources in China
Resources: 36.81 trillion m3 (depth up to 2,000m)Recoverable resources: 10.87 trillion m3
Proved reserves (by government):102 billion m3
Recoverable reserves: 47 billion m3
CBM Production in China
8 CBM pilot production projects615 CBM wells (including 7 multi-lateral wells) (as of end of 2005)CBM production in 2005: 100 million m3
Prospects of CBM Production
10 billion m3 production in 2010 (5 billion m3 from surface wells, 5 billion m3 from gas drainage wells)Increase CBM proved reserves up to 300 billion m3 CBM production in 2005: 100 million m3
Investment by CBM industry: RMB 30 billion
Prospects of CBM Production
CMM: increase utilization rate from 30% to 50% Combination of underground gas drainage with surface gas productionBuild 9 new pipelines with a total length of 1,390 km (RMB 29.5 billion)
Prospects of CBM Production
Year Annual CBM Production (billion
m3)
2006 0.1 – 0.22010 1.5 – 2.02015 5 – 102020 35
China’s CMM Emission (million m3)
Year CMM Emission
CMM Drainage
CMM Utilized
2000 9,630 870 318.4
2001 - 980 458.28
2002 9,871 1,150 455.67
2003 11,674 1,521 629.21
2004 13,535 1,866 -
Source: US EPA(M2M)
Example of CMM ProjectsProject Capacity Investment,
million YenIRR %
Project time, years
Huaibei
CMM residential use
4,000 million m3/y 163.95 22 8
CMM power generation
3 MW 17.00 36 4
Jiaozuo
CMM residential use
2,000 million m3/y 74.00 22 8
CMM surface development
1,000 million m3/y 200.00 23 8
Pingdingshan
CMM power generation
6,000 million m3/y 36.20 23 7
CMM surface development
9,000 million m3/y 2,000,000 18 12
India’s CBM Field and Resources
Indonesia’s Coal Fields
Province BASINRESOURCES
( Tcf )
Sumatra South Sumatra 183.0
Kalimantan Barito 101.6
Kalimantan Kutai 80.4
Sumatra Central Sumatra 52.5
Kalimantan North Tarakan 17.5
Kalimantan Berau 8.4
Sumatra Bengkulu 3.6
Kalimantan Pasir / Asem 3.0
Sulawesi Sulawesi 2.0
Java NW Java 0.8
Sumatra Bengkulu 0.5
TOTAL 453
CBM Resources of Indonesia
Advanced Resources International, Inc (ARI) “Indonesia Coalbed Methane, Task 1 – Resource Assessment”, March 17, 2003
= 12.2 Tm3
Conclusion
CBM: Promising new Natural Gas ResourcesCMM: Possible local energy source and large potential to decrease GHG emissionCMM: New source of environment business (CDM etc.)Technology development in production and utilization can make the potential larger.Need to establish the reliable CBM reserves evaluation method.
Conclusion (Asian Prospects)
China: Firm governmental target on CBM production and utilizationChina: Already active in CMM recovery and use with international funding India: Exploring stage of CBM Field. Almost no utilization of CMMIndonesia: Great interests in CBM and trying to develop.
Thank you for your attention.
Power Generation using AMM in Akabira Coal Mine
China’s Coal Field
India’s Coal Field
CBM Potential in Indonesia