Coastal Smart Growth

• http://www.mass.gov/czm/smartgrowth/links/index.htm

• http://www.mass.gov/envir/smart_growth_toolkit/pages/SG-CS.html

• http://nmviewwogc.cr.usgs.gov/viewer.html

What is Better Site Design?

What is Better Site Design?

• A Set of Tools Designed To:– Reduce Impervious Cover– Promote Conservation of Natural

Areas– Promote the Diffusion of

Stormwater Runoff– Encourage Effective Stormwater

Management and Treatment

Massachusetts Smart Growth

The Problem

Pre-Development Impacts from Typical Development

Photo Copyright 1999, Center for Watershed Protection

Downspouts Connected to Driveway = More Runoff, Less Infiltration

The Problem:The Problem:

Source: CWP

Dry Well Infiltration of Roof

Runoff

Solutions:Solutions:

Disconnection of Rooftop Runoff to vegetated swale

Source: CWP

Vegetated Filter StripsPretreatment and AttenuationVegetated Filter StripsPretreatment and Attenuation

• Mild vegetated slopes

• Adjacent to small parking lots and roadways

• Another opportunity for snow storage

• Mild vegetated slopes

• Adjacent to small parking lots and roadways

• Another opportunity for snow storage

Source: City of Portland, OR Source: City of Portland, OR

BioretentionTreatment, Retention, Infiltration, Landscaping

BioretentionTreatment, Retention, Infiltration, Landscaping

• Excavation filled with engineered soil mix

• Herbaceous perennials, shrubs, trees

• Ponded water infiltrates within 72 hours

• Overflow outlet and optional under drain

• Excavation filled with engineered soil mix

• Herbaceous perennials, shrubs, trees

• Ponded water infiltrates within 72 hours

• Overflow outlet and optional under drain

Source: CWP

BioretentionApplicationsBioretentionApplications

• Parking lot islands

• Median strips

• Residential lots

• Office parks

• Parking lot islands

• Median strips

• Residential lots

• Office parks Source: Larry Gavin

Source: LID CenterSource: City of Portland, OR

Photo Copyright 1999, Center for Watershed Protection

• Sand Filter with inlet grate (Left) and filters (Right)

• Placed under parking lots or along

perimeter;• Provides water quality treatment;• Most applicable for “hotspot land uses.”

• Sand Filter with inlet grate (Left) and filters (Right)

• Placed under parking lots or along

perimeter;• Provides water quality treatment;• Most applicable for “hotspot land uses.”

Sand FiltersSand Filters

• Grass pavers• Paving stones• Porous asphalt• Pervious concrete• Reinforced turf

• Grass pavers• Paving stones• Porous asphalt• Pervious concrete• Reinforced turf

Permeable PavingRunoff Reduction

Permeable PavingRunoff Reduction

Best Management PracticesBest Management Practices

Techniques to Reduce Stormwater Runoff and to Treat Non-Point Source Pollution includes:

• Site planning techniques (e.g., narrower roads, conserved natural areas, preserved natural depressions/topography);

• Dry wells for rooftop runoff;• Grassed (vegetated) swales;• Filter buffer strips;• Bioretention areas• Sand/organic filters;

• Sand/organic filters;• Permeable pavers;• Green roofs;• Rain barrels and cisterns; • Stormwater planters.

Green Roof SystemsRunoff Reduction, Reduced Heating / Cooling Costs

Green Roof SystemsRunoff Reduction, Reduced Heating / Cooling Costs

• Rainwater stored in a lightweight engineered soil

medium;• Hardy, drought-resistant

vegetation;• Reduces runoff by 50%.

Not recommended in watersheds where baseflows are already diminished. Consider direct recharge of roof runoff to enhance recharge.

• Rainwater stored in a lightweight engineered soil

medium;• Hardy, drought-resistant

vegetation;• Reduces runoff by 50%.

Not recommended in watersheds where baseflows are already diminished. Consider direct recharge of roof runoff to enhance recharge.

Green Roof SystemsGreen Roof Systems

Case Study: Genzyme Center, Cambridge, MARe-Use of Stormwater for Irrigation

USGBCLEED

www.genzyme.com/genzctr/tour/genzyme.html

Smart planning

4. Draw lot lines around the homes.

Building Sustainable & Resilient Communities: Conservation Planning

Helping coastal communities plan and prepare for increasing coastal development, effectivelybalancing economic, social, and environmental factors;

Examples:

Maine Coast Protection Initiative • Land Trust Alliance Partnership• Balancing pressures of growth and development in coastal watersheds• Working to increase the pace and quality of strategic coastal land conservation

Pacific Northwest Marine Conservation and Management• The Nature Conservancy Partnership• Improving methods for identifying priority sites for marine conservation and management

Alternatives for Coastal Development• Illustrating through GIS 3D visualizations and geospatial technology different coastal development scenarios that address questions about growth and development along the coast