www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr

French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable development and Energy

CO2 emissions from Transport services : Calculation and declaration

Benjamin Collin Directorate General for Infrastructures, Transport and the Sea

26-27 September 2013

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Transport GHG Emissions in France

Transport GHG emissions in France : 133 MteqCO2

in 2011

(international transport not included)

27 % of total GHG emissions in France, first economic sector in terms of GHG emissions

A steady growth between 1990 and 2005, slightly decreasing now

Source : French Climate Action Plan, 2011

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A Major Issue for The Reduction of GHG Emissions

the share of transport in total emissions is going to increase

Evolution scheduledin a business as usual(BAU) scenariowithout newpolitical measure

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Grenelle laws for environment (August 2009 and July 2010)

For the transport sector :

Reduction of 20 % of GHG emissions in 2020 (bringing them back to 1990-level)

Promotion of motorways of the sea and rail motorways

Construction of new high speed lines

Development of urban public transport (new dedicated lines)

For information on GHG emissions

Information on the environmental impact of products

Information on GHG emissions of public entities (state activity and local authorities) and private companies

Information on CO2 emissions from transport services

National Targets (France)

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France Targets for GHG Emissions

Global target

A worldwide reduction of 50 % to restrict global warming to 2°C

French President declared that France would argue for an ambitious target of a 40% reduction in greenhouse gases by 2030 and of 60% by 2040 (from 1990 levels)

National targets

A reduction of 75 % (factor 4)

For the transport sector, the reduction needed has been evaluated to about 65 % (Centre for strategic analysis- December 2011)

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Information on Transport Services CO2

Emissions

Work initiated in 2008

Creation of an Observatory for energy and environment in transport

Review of existing methods for CO2 calculation in transport (eco-

comparator, calculation on a voluntary basis)

The final version of the standard will be published in early 2013

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Information on Transport Services CO2

Emissions – The French regulation

Article L. 1431-3 of the transport code

“ Public or private persons organising or selling a transport service for passengers, goods or moving purposes have to provide to the beneficiary of the transport service the quantity of carbon dioxide emitted by the means of transport used. »

The decree enforcing this article was published on the 25th of October 2011

The ministerial orders giving the details for the application of the decree were published in April 2012

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Information on Transport Services CO2

Emissions

Main characteristics

CO2 emissions only (CEN standard allows for all GHG emissions)

Information has to be given by every person or entity in charge of organizing or selling transport services

All modes of transport are concerned (aviation, maritime, road, rail, urban transport and inland waterways)

Trips taken into account : at least a departure or an arrival in France, the international part of the journey is also included

No exclusion for « small » services (packages deliveries, cabs)

All loaded and empty trips are taken into account

Mandatory information

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Scope of Emissions Processes included

Vehicles processes (tank-to-wheels)

Energy processes (well-to-tank)

For fuels : cultivation, refining, transformation, transport and distribution of energy

For electricity : extraction and transport of primary energy, transformation, power generation, losses in electricity grid

Processes not included

Short term assistance to the vehicle for movement security reasons (tugboats in harbor, aircraft tractors in airports, …)

Transhipments or cargo movement or passengers movement by external handling, transhipment or movement devices

Processes at the administrative level (operation of buildings, personnel movement, computer systems, …)

Vehicles construction, maintenance and scrapping ; transport infrastructures construction, service, maintenance and dismantling

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Methodology for Calculation

Identification of the different legs of the transport service

Leg : section of a route within which the cargo or the passenger is carried with a given vehicle

Calculation of CO2 emissions for each leg

Sum of the results for each leg

A CB Dtruck trucktrain

Leg 1 Leg 3Leg 2

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Emissions for a Leg: Measurement Unit The calculation is done for a given vehicle which is used to realize

several transport services

For the calculation, a measurement unit has to be chosen for each prestation share assessment

For passenger transport : passenger x kilometer, …

For freight transport : ton x kilometer, m3 x kilometer or kilometer, …

For mix transport (passenger and freight) : ton x kilometer (aviation), number of decks (maritime, ropax), …

A CB D20 ttruck

100 km 200 km 50 km

10 ttruck

30 ttruck

2 000 t.km + 6 000 t.km + 500 t.km = 8 500 t.km

30 t 10 t20 t

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Categories of Values

The following categories of values, given by order of preference, may be used :

Specific measured values

Transport operator vehicle-type or route-type specific values

Transport operator fleet values

Default values (for small companies or when data is not available)

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Methodology for Calculation

Main formula (which can be adapted) :

Kilometricconsumption

rate

Number ofkilometers for the service

x x

Number of unitstransported for

the service

Average numberof units transported in the vehicle

x Emissionfactor

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An Order defines the reference values

Illustration : Emission factors (in kg CO2 by unit of energy source)

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An Order defines the reference values

Illustration : Default values for road transport

D escrip tio n (d ep en d in g o n th e n a tu re o f v eh ic le an d th e typ e o f

tran sp o rt p ro v id ed ) (1 ) in d ica tin g th e so u rce (s ) o f en e rg ies u sed (s )

N u m b er o f u n its ca rried in th e tran sp o rt m ean s (2 )

C o n su m p tio n ra te o f th e en e rg y so u rce o f t ran sp o r t

m ean s ( in u n it o f m easu rem en t o f th e am o u n t

o f en e rg y so u rce p e r k ilo m ete r) (3 )

L igh t-d u ty v eh ic le - 3 .5 to n n es G V W (p e rm itted g ro ss v eh ic le w e igh t) E x p ress D iese l fu e l

0 .4 6 to n n es

0 .1 6 0 litre / k m

S tra igh t tru ck - 1 9 to n n e s G V W E x p ress D iese l fu e l

2 .5 0 to n n es

0 .2 7 0 litre / k m

A rticu la ted v eh ic le co m b in a tio n - 4 0 to n n es G C W (g ro ss co m b in a tio n w eigh t) S h ip p in g se rv ice D iese l fu e l

6 .0 0 to n n es

0 .3 4 2 litre / k m

A rticu la ted v eh ic le co m b in a tio n -4 0 to n n es G C W G en era l ca rgo / L o n g -d is tan ce D iese l fu e l

1 2 .5 0 to n n es

0 .3 4 2 litre / k m

S tra igh t tru ck - 4 5 cu b ic m e te rs R em o v a l D iese l fu e l

1 5 .8 0 cu b ic m e te rs 0 .2 7 0 litre / k m

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Example Vehicle used

Consumption rate : 34 litres per km

Quantification of units transported

Mass (tons)

Average number of units transported in the vehicle

15 tons (for a vehicle capacity of 25 tons)

Description of the service :

Distance : 400 km

Transported units : 5 tons

Emission factor : 3,07 kgCO2 per litre (diesel) (data given in a ministerial

order)

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Calculation

0,34 l / km x 400 km x x 3,07 kgCO2

/ l = 139 kg CO2

5 t

15 t

Information given to the beneficiary

Values givenby order

Values specificto the company or

given by order

Values specific tothe service

A guideline is available since October 2012 with explanation on general rules and examples for diversified transport activities (34 examples)

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Communication of CO2 Information

CO2 emissions from well-to-wheels and possibly also from

well-to-tank and tank-to-wheels

According to circumstances, information will have to be given before or after the fulfillment of the transport service

In some cases, a simplified communication will be possible : for example, for public transport (subway ticket without origin nor destination)

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Conclusions First step towards detailed information on CO

2 emissions from

transport services

For international trips : a strong need for harmonised information

Implementation is different depending on the type of service

Data collected will also be very dependent on chosen information category, meaning fleixibility for professionals

In addition to CO2 information, many other applications may be

developed to help the companies or the local authorities to reduce their transport services CO

2 emissions

In addition to data gathering, there is a need for specialised softwares (information, support for reduction action plans, eco-driving, …)

Encompassing all GHG is under scrutiny

17/12/2012 20

France hosts COP2015

France will host and preside over the 2015 Climate Conference ( COP21 / CMP11), after Durban hosting the 10th

Paris-Le Bourget, December 2015

A conference to agree upon worldwide GHG reduction targets

France already has one of the lowest levels of per capita greenhouse gas emissions among developed countries and preparing its own ecological and energy transition towards a future of low carbon consumption and emission

www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr

French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable development and Energy

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