CO2 capture and storage

Presented by Heleen de ConinckEnergy research Centre of the Netherlands

What is CO2 capture and storage?

Fuels

Processes

Transport

Storage options

IPCC, 2005

Global role of CO2 capture and storage

IEA, 2008

Developed and developing countriesPower and industry

CCS: which CO2 sources?Coal-, gas- or biomass-fired power

Biomass conversion

Cement

Iron/steel

Refineries

Natural gas production (“Sweetening” of gas)

Ammonia production

Ethylene production

Storage prospectivity

Highly prospective sedimentary basinsProspective sedimentary basins

Non-prospective sedimentary basins, metamorphic and igneous rock

Data quality and availability vary among regions

Snøhvit

Weyburn/Midale

In-Salah

Sleipner

Current CCS projects

Images Courtesy of BP, Statoil, and PTRC

CCS has many challengesEnergy requirements for capture

• Making it unattractive in countries with energy shortages

Limited storage potential

• Best in oil/gas producing regions

Costs, absence of incentive

Risk of impermanent storage

Legal framework

Environmental impacts

Public perception

• CCS is mature in some sectors and regions, but in the demonstration phase in others

• Analysis shows lower global mitigation cost with CCS than without it, though costs are high

• Some industries cannot achieve deep emission reductions without CCS

• The only reason to do CCS is CO2 reduction

• CCS has not much to do with access to energy

• But can be part of an industrial development strategy

Main messages