Cnidarians (Coelenterates). Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata) Class Hydrozoa = Hydra POLYP body form =...
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Transcript of Cnidarians (Coelenterates). Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata) Class Hydrozoa = Hydra POLYP body form =...
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Cnidarians
(Coelenterates)
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Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata)• Class Hydrozoa = Hydra
• POLYP body form = “vase shaped” ; sessile
• Most live in colonies.
1 of 3 classes within Phylum Cnidaria
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Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata)
• Class Scyphozoa: “Cup Animals”– Medusa body form (bell-shaped); swimming– Commonly known as jellyfish– “Portuguese Man-o-war”– 200 different species
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Phylum Cnidaria (Coelenterata)
• Class Anthozoa: “Flower Animals”– 6,100 different species– Sea Anemones, Corals– Coral Reef = 30 degrees North or South of the
equator, shallow water for photosynthetic algae that live in symbiosis with coral
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Classification
• Common Name: Hydra
• Scientific Name: Hydra
• Phylum: Cnidaria
• Class: Hydrozoa
• Other: Phylum Coelenterata (Old name)
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Major Characteristics
• Body Plan: Hollow, 2 layered sac
• Body Cavity: Endoderm, Mesoglea (jelly like), Ectoderm
• Symmetry: Radial - pull in food from all around
• Cell Specialization: No Organs, Nematocysts = harpoon like stinging cells; neurotoxins cause paralysis
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Life Support Processes
• Absorption: Gastroderm; directly into the body wall
• Feeding: tentacles pull food into the mouth; they are carnivores
• Digestion: Gastroderm (endoderm), food vacuoles in cells
• Respiration & Circulation: Gastrovascular inner cavity
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Life Support Processes
• Excretion: Mouth opening, diffusion
• Secretion: sticky base for attachment
• Response: Nerve Net - contractile fibers in the epidermis; Ocelli - detects light
• Movement: contractile fibers; tumble motion through the water
• Reproduction: Asexual = budding; sexual = hermaphrodite (no self fertilization)
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Life Support Processes
• Support: tissue layers, hydroskeleton
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Ecological Relationships• Freshwater living
• Solitary - not colonial like most hydrozoans
• Carnivorous - predatory lifestyle
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Body Systems Compared With Humans
• Tissues - layers like our skin
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Advancements Over the Previous Phylum
• Nervous Structure
• Movement
• Active Feeding
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Diagram of Hydra
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• The largest jellyfish is the Arctic Giant Jellyfish: it can have a diameter over 8 ft. with tentacles stretching as long as 120 ft.
• The most venomous jellyfish is the Australian Sea Wasp; death can occur within 1-3 minutes.
• The Great Barrier Reef is the worlds largest stony coral structure stretching for 1,260 miles off Northeast Australia.
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Lion’s Mane Jellyfish
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Coral Reefs can be visible from the air!
Preventing beach erosion
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Great Barrier Reef - Australia