CMP and High Technologies

Case of BSG

Beshah Mogesse

Introduction

• Visit time: November 2012• Visited schemes: Berebera Water supply

project (Deep Well) and Abatachi Expantion (Pressurized System)

• The observation of the two schemes will be discussed

Introduction

• Community Development Fund (CDF)/Community Management Project (CMP) has good experience of Small scale technologies like HDW and Spring Development and achieved:– High annual implementation rate (5 folds) than

Woreda implementation– High functionality (ReCMP, 2012)

• This result is due to keen community participation in every stages of projects

Steps in CDF/CMP

Sources: CMP Guideline, 2011)

…cont’dReason why we Need High Technology• Hand Deg Well is feasible for shallow

groundwater but Hydro-geologic feature is determinant on water availability.

• Springs are distributed unevenly regardless of settlements

• Considering high technology is an only option where there is no shallow ground table and no spring

Berebera Deep well

• Status of the project: Under construction (started in 2004)

• Budget: 3.6 Million Birr• Sources of water: deep well (@61m depth)• Well yield: 3.9 l/s• Pipe length: 5km• Client: FINN-WASh and Dibate Woreda Water

office • Contractor: BSG water enterprise

Berebera ….

• The water supply system is planned to feed the tow with public tap and house connection.

• The sources will supply reliable water even in the dry season

• There is no question about the comparative advantage of Deep well. But the question is can we maintain the philosophy of CDF/CMP here?

Reflection from Group Discussion

• Community Contribution • WASHCo established based on the Guideline CDF • Contribution is about 8.08% (which is over the

minimum contribution cut off) • Community participation was reluctant for either

of the reasons below– The kebele’s leader– Powerless of WASHCos– Compliant on the level of technology

Compliant • Users complain of not having public tap in

their vicinity.

• Moreover the users are complaining on the size of distribution pipeline. The main line coming from water reservoir has 4” and after feeding the school it abruptly changed to 11/2”.

…Con’d

• The community doubt about its capacity in case of more connection

• This problem seems simple but it has a significant impact over the community mobilization for contribution and participation

• The implementer of the water supply system need to be, convinced or convince the community, so that to implement the system in sustainable manner.

Procurement and Contracting

• High technologies are beyond the capacity of local artisans

• Outsourcing contractors is beyond the capacity of the WASHCos and may cause delaying on construction due to biding procedure.

Post construction Operation and Maintenance

• Based on the survey the average monthly water charge is 4.92 ETB with standard Deviation of 2.51

• High technologies like motorized system require high operational and maintenance expenditure. Therefore, the custom tariff system is unlikely to meet to these running costs.

• Upgrading local artisans has to be done while implementation to ease the operation and maintenance of the system

Spare part supply

• The main challenge in keeping the functionality of water supply schemes even in HDW.

• In high technologies the matter will be worse and prolonged service break

• Spare part suppliers should be created at regional and Woreda levels

Remark

• Shifting from low technology to high technology is to address all.

• CMP is still as important as for low technologies, but need modification of proportion of community participation, tariff setting, community organizing and contracting.