CM107 UNIT 5 SEMINAR

REVIEW

Any questions from Units 1-4?

What temptations are you facing as a writer? How can you avoid them?

What are some ways we as writers can make good use of research information?

Unit 5

Prepare for your Unit 6 Project by selecting a topic and creating a thesis as well as a research plan.

Search the Internet for the strongest most reliable electronic sources available.

Use electronic sources appropriately and avoid plagiarism.

Research on the Internet

It may seem quicker and easier than library research, but is it? Is it better?

With billions of sources available, how do you know internet sources are reliable and strong?

What are the dangers of internet research?Are certain sources to be avoided?Wikipedia? Ask.com? Dictionary.com? Are the authors identified and reputable? Are sources

cited? Is information up to date? Will your reader be persuaded by your information?

RELIABLE SOURCES

A simple rule of thumb is to remember that if your audience is not favorably impressed you ought to reconsider its use. Try asking these questions: How will its validity be viewed? Does it look like you just grabbed the first thing you found?

If, for example, your talk-all-the-time, loud-mouthed neighbor recommended a particular doctor would you take his advice?

What would it take for you to pay attention to information from someone you disagreed with on big issues?

The strongest, best, and most reliable sources should be used, and sometimes this takes time and work.

GoogleRanks only by popularityIncludes any and

everything

What are some general guidelines for determining reliability?

Google ScholarRanks by filtered popularity Scholarly sources only

Does this mean all of Googlescholar’s sources are reliable?

What’s the difference between reliability and credibility?

Let’s check some sources on Google…..

http://www.dhmo.org/http://www.thepregnancytester.com/

http://www.hetracil.com/index.html

An example…

Example: Harry is an executive who reached the top of his profession by stepping on anyone who got in his way. He’s won many awards and received numerous honorary degrees. He deserted his first wife and three children. His parents lived in poverty until they died ten years ago. He left the scene of a hit and run accident in which someone died. He has now retired and has written a memoir in which he discusses his rise in the business world and his family. Previously he wrote a textbook about how to succeed in business.

Reliability & Credibility: Who do we trust?

Reliability of sources Is the telling of information consistent throughout? Can the information be verified?

Credibility of sources Can we trust that the author is telling the truth? We usually base this on

the author’s tone and reliability.

Once we suspect an untruth, an author loses credibility. For example, Harry’s memoir makes no mention of the family he deserted. His shady business practices appear no where in print.

What problems do reliability and credibility present for the writer and researcher? What to look for

Tone Gaps Faulty reasoning

• This is true because I’m an expert.• The mid part of the United States is seeing more snow than ever;

therefore, global warming is not happening.• It uses resources to recycle; therefore, it does no good.• Pro-choice voters support abortion.

So how do I decide which sources to use?

1. Author – Where is the information coming from? What are the author or organization’s credentials?

2. Who published this information? Its presence in a university library does not mean its reliable. Are any sources completely reliable?

3. It is objective? What do others say about this subject? 4. Accuracy- Can you verify the information elsewhere? Are

there links to other sources, for example?

5. Timeliness – When was it published? If a website, when was it updated?

PRACTICE

Find a RELIABLE internet source on YOUR FINAL PROJECT topic using googlescholar.com. Then find another reliable internet source through google.com (or your favorite search engine). Tell us the name of this source and why you chose it.

Why do you consider that source reliable? What sources would you avoid?

Are your classmates’ chosen sources actually reliable?

HOW TO CITE INTERNET SOURCES

APA does not cite just by web address. Just as with any source, if the internet source has an author, it must be cited by the author and publication date:

IN TEXT (Brown, 2012).REFERENCES page citation:Brown, J. (2012). How to manage employees. Retrieved from

www.managementpractice.org/management

IF no author is listed, cite by the title of the page or document you are using:IN TEXT: (The dangers of alcohol, 2011). REFERENCES page citation:The dangers of alcohol. (2011). Alcoholics Anonymous. Retrieved from

http://www.aa.org/lang/en/subpage.cfm?page=1

YOUR TURN

Find one reliable internet source on the topic you are writing on for your FINAL PROJECT.

Practice citing that source. Give both an IN TEXT citation and a References page citation.

PLAGIARISM

Which of these is true? Reusing one of your own papers is not considered

plagiarism. As long as you include a reference page at the end of your

paper, you are safe. It is ok to use someone else’s work as long as you replace a

few of the words and change the sentence around a bit. A source is plagiarized only if you forget to use quotation

marks. Plagiarism counts only if it is intentional. “I didn’t mean to” is an acceptable excuse for plagiarism.

ANSWER

That’s right. NONE of them are true. In each case, the writer could face a problem with plagiarism. WHY?

Reusing one of your own papers is not considered plagiarism. EACH PAPER MUST BE ORIGINAL FOR EACH ASSIGNMENT AND COURSE.

As long as you include a reference page at the end of your paper, you are safe. YOU MUST INDICATE WHERE YOU HAVE USED SOURCES WITHIN PARAGRAPHS, using an IN TEXT CITATION to show where you have used them.

It is ok to use someone else’s work as long as you replace a few of the words and change the sentence around a bit. YOU ARE STILL BORROWING FROM A SOURCE

A source is plagiarized only if you forget to use quotation marks. IF YOU USE EXACT WORDS, you must use quotes and include a citation. If you PARAPHRASE, you must still use an in text citation.

Plagiarism counts only if it is intentional. Not knowing what plagiarism is or not intending to would still not excuse plagiarism.

“I didn’t mean to” is an acceptable excuse for plagiarism.

WHAT IS PLAGIARISM then?

The KU Provost’s Office has this to say:“Plagiarism refers to academic dishonesty that can be

intentional or unintentional. This can be the result of attempting to recycle your own work from another course or semester, inaccurately citing the work of someone else, failing to give credit to someone else for his or her ideas or writing, failing to summarize or paraphrase a quote in your own words, or anything else that falsely represents any part of your work. In short, be honest with your reader and yourself. Know when and how to use APA formatting and be sure that it is accurately implemented.”

What are the consequences of plagiarizing?

When you present yourself in writing, your image and reputation are part of what you present. You want your audience to believe and trust you. Plagiarism costs you that trust and belief.

It also has consequences that are more concrete. According to the KU Provost’s Office,

“Charges of academic dishonesty brought against a student shall be made in writing by the instructor to the Provost's Office. The Provost's

Office maintains a database of plagiarism offenses and a file of all plagiarism charges. When an offense has been committed, the Provost's

Office sends the student a copy of the plagiarism policy and a letter of the action taken, and informs the Academic Department Chair, the

Academic Advisor, and the course instructor of any plagiarism charges.Academic dishonesty is a serious offense and may result in the following sanctions: 1st offense: Failure of the assignment in which the action occurred. 2nd offense: Failure of the class in which the action occurred. 3rd offense: Expulsion or permanent dismissal from the University.”

PLAGIARISM EXERCISE

Take a look at the ORIGINAL source:Because children are the future investors of capitalism,

this forces advertisement to work hard in order to remain one step ahead of the competitor and the consumer. Recognizing that brand loyalty and consumer habits are formed when children are young, advertisers spend 100s of billions of dollars a year worldwide encouraging, persuading, and manipulating people into a consumer lifestyle that has devastating consequences for the environment through its extravagance and wastefulness.

Plagiarism Exercise, 2

What if this is how a writer uses that source?Children being the future investors of capitalism force

advertisement to work hard in order to remain one step ahead of it’s competitor and the consumer. Recognizing that brand loyalty and consumer habits are formed when children are young, advertisers spend 100s of billions of dollars a year worldwide encouraging, persuading, and manipulating people into a consumer lifestyle that has devastating consequences for the environment through its extravagance and wastefulness. (beder.uow.edu.au).

Plagiarism Exercise, 3

Unfortunately, this is plagiarism, not because the citation is incorrect (APA does not cite by web address) but because the writer presents the information as being in HIS OWN WORDS, when in fact almost all of the paragraph is lifted word for word from the source. The source is not used or cited appropriately.

Plagiarism Exercise, 4

Here’s another ORIGINAL source:

ORIGINAL:“One of the most damaging consequences of media’s images of women

and men is that these images encourage us to perceive normal bodies and normal physical functions as problems. It’s understandable to wish we weighed a little more or less, had better developed muscles, and never had pimples or cramps.

What is neither reasonable nor healthy, however, is to regard healthy, functional bodies as abnormal and unacceptable. Yet this is precisely the negative self-image cultivated by media portrayals of women and men.”

Source: Author Julia T. Wood. Title: Our Body, Our Image: How the Media Hurts Our Sense of Self. Publishers: New York: Longman, 1998. (THIS IS NOT AN APA CITATION)

Plagiarism Exercise, 5

Would this be plagiarism if this were a paragraph in a paper AND the author cited the source in the References page?

A damaging consequence of media’s images of women and men is that these images encourage us to think of normal bodies and normal physical functions as problems. It’s totally understandable to wish we weighed a little more or less, had bigger muscles, and never had pimples or cramps. What is neither reasonable nor healthy, however, is to think of healthy, functional bodies as abnormal and unacceptable. But this is precisely the negative self-image cultivated by media portrayals of women and men.

Plagiarism Exercise, 6

What about THIS version?A damaging consequence of media’s images of women

and men is that these images encourage us to think of normal bodies and normal physical functions as problems. It’s totally understandable to wish we weighed a little more or less, had bigger muscles, and never had pimples or cramps. What is neither reasonable nor healthy, however, is to think of healthy, functional bodies as abnormal and unacceptable. But this is precisely the negative self-image cultivated by media portrayals of women and men (Wood)

Plagiarism Exercise, 7

What about this version?A damaging consequence of media’s images of women and

men is that these images encourage us to think of normal bodies and normal physical functions as problems. As Julia T. Wood points out, “It’s understandable to wish we weighed a little more or less, had better developed muscles, and never had pimples or cramps“ (300). What is neither reasonable nor healthy, however, is to think of healthy, functional bodies as abnormal and unacceptable. But this is “precisely the negative self-image cultivated by media portrayals of women and men” (Wood 300).

Plagiarism Exercise, 8

What about this version? A casual glance at any fashion magazine makes the point

—we need to weigh less, have clearer skin, larger breasts if we are women, and more hair if we are men. As Julia T. Wood points out, media images “encourage us to perceive normal bodies and normal physical functions as problems” (1998, p. 300). This media-generated perception--that our perfectly normal bodies must be altered to be acceptable--is changing how we perceive our own bodies and negatively impacting our society (Wood, 1998).