Cloud Foundations
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Transcript of Cloud Foundations
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Cloud foundationsCloud foundationsWhat you What you needneed to know to knowabout on-demand computingabout on-demand computing
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What is the cloud?What is the cloud?
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http://img.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2008/04_01/tornadoDM3030a_800x533.jpg
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Utility computingUtility computing
Pay as you goPay as you goAbstraction of platform from infrastructureAbstraction of platform from infrastructureDynamic scaling without physical interventionDynamic scaling without physical interventionSubscriber sandboxingSubscriber sandboxing
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Lots of definitionsLots of definitions
Managed hostingManaged hostingVirtualizationVirtualizationGrid computingGrid computing
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Major Major types of types of cloudcloud
http://www.eo.ucar.edu/webweather/cloud3.html
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Component vs. serviceComponent vs. service
WebWeb ApAppp
DBDB
DBDBApAppp
ApAppp
StoragStoragee
serviceservicess
CodeCodeStorageStorageLayouLayou
tt AuthAuthCloud APIsCloud APIs
OtherOtherservicesservices
VMVM VMVM
VMVM VMVM VMVM
VMVM
AppAppclustercluster
Add instances to growAdd instances to grow
Rewrite for scalabilityRewrite for scalability
StorageStorageservicesservices
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Centralized vs. Centralized vs. distributeddistributed
AmazonAmazon AT&TAT&T
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Agnostic vs. partisanAgnostic vs. partisanNing wants to be Ning wants to be a social networka social networkWebex wants to Webex wants to collaboratecollaborateSalesforce wants Salesforce wants to be a CRMto be a CRMQuickbase wants Quickbase wants to be SMBto be SMB
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Open vs. closedOpen vs. closed
PortabilityPortabilityOpen sourceOpen source
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Clouds make great Clouds make great sensesense
Vastly superior economicsVastly superior economicsBetter practices for dynamic workloadsBetter practices for dynamic workloadsExpertise in dynamic capacity Expertise in dynamic capacity managementmanagementConsumption-based cost trackingConsumption-based cost tracking
James Staten, Forrester, March 2008James Staten, Forrester, March 2008
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There’s money to be There’s money to be hadhad
AWS uses more bandwidth than Amazon.comAWS uses more bandwidth than Amazon.comHosted apps were a $3.95B market in 2007Hosted apps were a $3.95B market in 2007
IDC, quoted by Thomas Weisel partners, April 2008IDC, quoted by Thomas Weisel partners, April 2008
A $100B opportunityA $100B opportunityMerrill Lynch, May 2008Merrill Lynch, May 2008
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But enterprises lagBut enterprises lag
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Pay-as-you-go looks Pay-as-you-go looks great to cash-poor great to cash-poor startupsstartups
Unknown/variableUnknown/variable Known/fixedKnown/fixed
VariableVariable
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So what’s stopping the So what’s stopping the enterprise?enterprise?
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Performance & Performance & availabilityavailability
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Privacy and securityPrivacy and security
Questions over storageQuestions over storageWhere are you keeping all this?Where are you keeping all this?
Third-party accessThird-party accessWho else is reading it?Who else is reading it?
Some truth, some fictionSome truth, some fiction
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Legislation and Legislation and compliancecompliance
What ethical responsibilities do cloud operators What ethical responsibilities do cloud operators have?have?
Wiretapping?Wiretapping?Patriot Act?Patriot Act?Privacy and geographic boundaries?Privacy and geographic boundaries?
Can a company properly track all activity if it Can a company properly track all activity if it happens in a cloud?happens in a cloud?
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Do you really want to Do you really want to give users unlimited give users unlimited access?access?
http://debroffdebrief.clubmom.com/debroff_debrief/2007/04/dont_forget_to_.html
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Lock-inLock-in
FormalFormal
Proprietary APIs Proprietary APIs and languagesand languages
InformalInformalI can’t build it I can’t build it
myself even if I myself even if I want towant to
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Can I keep my toys?Can I keep my toys?
Either pay the legacy Either pay the legacy taxtaxOr rewrite the appsOr rewrite the apps
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Rewriting forRewriting fora services a services cloudcloud
Cost of development, testingCost of development, testingService interruptionService interruptionMigrationMigrationExpected lifespan of the appExpected lifespan of the app
http://flickr.com/photos/7989285@N07/1794264347/
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Management Management issuesissues
The “pull the plug” testThe “pull the plug” testManagement not part of Management not part of many cloud offeringsmany cloud offerings
Some exceptions, some Some exceptions, some investments by cloudsinvestments by clouds
Licensing, accounting, Licensing, accounting, audit remain challengesaudit remain challenges
http://flickr.com/photos/vespa_gt/522067424/
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Virtual private cloudsVirtual private cloudsBest of both worlds?Best of both worlds?Policy-based deployment of Policy-based deployment of VMsVMs
Capacity of private systemsCapacity of private systemsSensitivity of dataSensitivity of dataRequired performance & Required performance & availability of the appavailability of the appExpected lifespan of the VMExpected lifespan of the VM
Call this “cloudbursting”Call this “cloudbursting”
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But still...But still...““[There are] 60,000 different customers across [There are] 60,000 different customers across the various Amazon Web Services, and most of the various Amazon Web Services, and most of them are not the startups that are normally them are not the startups that are normally associated with on-demand computing.associated with on-demand computing.Rather the biggest customers in both number and Rather the biggest customers in both number and amount of computing resources consumed are amount of computing resources consumed are divisions of banks, pharmaceuticals companies divisions of banks, pharmaceuticals companies and other large corporations who try AWS once and other large corporations who try AWS once for a temporary project, and then get hooked.”for a temporary project, and then get hooked.”
http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/04/21/who-are-the-biggest-users-of-amazon-web-services-its-not-startups/http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/04/21/who-are-the-biggest-users-of-amazon-web-services-its-not-startups/
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What to watchWhat to watch
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Hosting companies that Hosting companies that make the jumpmake the jump
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Stack-specific cloudsStack-specific clouds
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Who’s got network Who’s got network effects?effects?
feed.API (facebook) > feed.api (friendster)feed.API (facebook) > feed.api (friendster)
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Virtual appliancesVirtual appliances
CiscoCisco
NortelNortel
F5F5
JuniperJuniper
StompStomp
IPChainsIPChains
VyattaVyatta
CheckpointCheckpoint
HardwareHardware SoftwareSoftware
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Tools to wrangle virtual Tools to wrangle virtual machinesmachines
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Testing sandboxesTesting sandboxes
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Application delivery Application delivery networksnetworks
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Some conclusionsSome conclusions
Cloud economics are irresistible in the long termCloud economics are irresistible in the long termEnterprises will experiment with testing, burstingEnterprises will experiment with testing, bursting““Trusted” vendors ease the pain: IBM, VMWare, MSTrusted” vendors ease the pain: IBM, VMWare, MSRate of experimentation, line-of-business self-Rate of experimentation, line-of-business self-service leads to new kinds of helpdesk issuesservice leads to new kinds of helpdesk issuesIT moves from the “generator” to the “appliances”IT moves from the “generator” to the “appliances”
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