ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE AND SERVICES

SEMESTER 8HARSH A-1112

SIDDHANT B-3312

TEJ B-4612

SAGAR B-5012

VIBHUTI B-5712

MITESH B-3611

AMIT B-4011

SETU B-4311

SNEHAL B-5211

CONTENT

• INTRODUCTION

• CLIMATIC ZONES

• HUMAN COMFORT ACCORDING TO ZONES

• CASE STUDIES

Reference : National building code 2005 , teri

Hot and dry Warm and humid

Cold and sunny Cold and cloudy Composite Moderate

Solar radiation High direct radiation from sun.

Usually diffuse radiation due to cloud cover or vapor content of it.

Intense with low percentage of diffuse radiation.

Low in winter with high percentage of diffuseradiation.

Intense in summer and winter with low percentage of diffuse radiation but very low in monsoon with predominantly diffuse radiation.

More or less uniformly moderate all through the year.

TemperatureSummer mid daySummer nightWinter mid dayWinter nightDiurnal variation

40*-45*C20*-30*C5*-25*C0*-15*C15*-20*C

30*-35*C25*-30*C25*-30*C20*-25*C5*-8*C

17*-25*C4*-11*C-7*-(-8*)C-14*-0*C25*-25*C

20*-30*C17*-21*C4*-8*C-3*-(-4*)C5*-15*C

32*-43*C27*-32*C10*-25*C4*-10*C35*-22*C

30*-34*C17*-24*C27*-33*C16*-18*C8*-13*C

Relative humidity very low (25-40%) High (70-90%) Consistently low (10-50%)

Varies between 70 and 80%

In dry periods 20-50% in wet periods 55-95%

Variable between 30 and 80%

Precipitation Low generally 500mm per year

High generally1200mm per year

Very low less then 200mm per year

Moderate, distribute evenly throughout the year annual total around 1000mm

Variable between 500 to 1300mm

Fairly well distributed total annual rainfall usually exceeding 1000mm

Winds Dust laden local winds in afternoon

Usually 1 or 2 prevailing directions with velocities ranging from extremely low.

Occasionally intense Generally intense especially during rainfall. Mainly dependent on topography.

Hot and dusty, during summer, strong winds in monsoon from south-east.

Variable, generally high during winter.

Sky condition Cloudless skies with high solar radiation causing glare.

Generally overcast causing unpleasant glare.

Fairly throughout the year with cloud cover less than 50%.

Overcast for most part of the year.

Varying overcast and dull in the monsoon. Clear during summer and winter.

Mainly clear, occasionally overcast with dense low clouds in summer.

Vegetation Scare vegetation generally consisting of grass, cacti or thorny trees.

Relatively flat regions with abundantvegetation.

Mountainous regionswith little vegetation.

Highland regions with abundant vegetation in summer.

Extremely variable landscape with rapid seasonal changes in vegetation.

Generally hilly or high plateau region with fairly abundant vegetation.

Reference : climate responsive architecture

HUMAN COMFORT RANGE

Moderate

Temperature 21* - 27 * C in summer

20.5 * - 25 * C in winter Humidity20 % - 75 % RH in winter & summerRadiationAir movement (wind)5 to 11 kmphDay light/ glareDGP(day light glare probability)DGP < 35% --- imperceptible 35% <DGP<40% -- perceptible 40% <DGP<45% --disturbing45% <DGP –intolerance Precipitation

Hot & dry

Temperature 21* - 27 * C in summer

20.5 * - 25 * C in winter Humidity20 % - 75 % RH in winter & summerRadiationAir movement (wind)5 to 11 kmphDay light/ glareDGP(day light glare probability)DGP < 35% --- imperceptible 35% <DGP<40% -- perceptible 40% <DGP<45% --disturbing45% <DGP –intolerance Precipitation

Cold & cloudy

Temperature 21* - 27 * C in summer

20.5 * - 25 * C in winter Humidity20 % - 75 % RH in winter & summerRadiationAir movement (wind)2 to 5 kmphDay light/ glareDGP(day light glare probability)DGP < 35% --- imperceptible 35% <DGP<40% -- perceptible 40% <DGP<45% --disturbing45% <DGP –intolerance Precipitation

Reference :Book: climate responsive architecture , www.rnh3bc.wordpress.com, www.iawe.org, www.utexus.edu, www.energydesigntools&ucla.edu, www.intigrateddesignlab.com

CASE STUDIES

TERI (MODERATE) , BANGALORE

HIMURJA BUILDING (COLD & CLOUDY) , SHIMLA

SHRUJAN (HOT&DRY) , BHUJODI

Reference : National building code 2005

HIMURJA BUILDING (COLD & CLOUDY)

SHRUJAN (HOT&DRY)

Rainfall : 323 mmClimate : hot & dryWind speed : max - 45 kmph ,

min - 12 kmphTemperature : max - 49* C

min - 19.5* CHumidity : 40% to 55 RH %

Rainfall : 1500 mmClimate : cold & cloudyWind speed : max – 14.76 kmph ,

min – 3.6 kmphTemperature : Summer max - 28*C

Winter min - 3*CHumidity : 22% to 73% RH

TERI (MODERATE)

Green cover : 40%Rainfall : 970 mmClimate : moderateWind speed : max - 34 kmph ,

min – 7 kmphTemperature : Summer max - 35* C

Winter min - 14* CHumidity : 50% to 65% RH

Reference : Book: climate responsive architecture ,Book: Energy efficient building in India, www.climatedata.org

Climate of BangloreNorth

EastWest

South

May – October

November – March

Solar radiation 19.70 MJ m-2 day-1

LVL + 5.65

LVL + 6.0

LVL + 8.0

LVL + 8.3

LVL + 7.2

Rainfall : 970 mm

Climatic zone – cold and cloudyLong winter – October to February Pleasant summer – may and juneMonsoon with high level of precipitation – july and august

Himurja office building – Shimla

Rainfall : 1500 mmClimate : cold & cloudyWind speed : max – 14.76 kmph ,

min – 3.6 kmphTemperature : Summer max - 28*C

Winter min - 3*CHumidity : 22% to 73% RH

Reference : National building code 2005

N

• Type of material used:-

- corrugated red mud sheeting.

-patent double glazing panels.

-prismatic ratable trombe wall.

-hard plastic and double glazed windows with proper glazed sealing to minimize infiltration.

-air heating panels are used in south wall that effected to gain heat.

-insulated RCC diaphragm are used in north wall that prevent to loss heat.

Temperature

• Type of system used :-

- two levels solarium that is light shelf and viewing window is used at south wall as a air heating panel to gain heat.

-solar chimney is used with insulated roof that prevent heat loss.

-integration of window and light shelves ensures effective day light distribution.

-good insulation of 5 cm thick glass wool and mini fenestration(only in toilets) on north wall to prevent heat loss.

• Renewable energy system :-

-photovoltaic system of 1.5 kwp meets the energy demand for lightning.

-roof mounted solar hot water system (1000 liter per day) - water is circulated through radiators for space heating specially in the northern space.

-as January is the coldest month of this place but this building does not need any auxiliary heaters.

-daylight distributions allows good availability of daylight in the working zone – 150 LUX.

-no electrical heating energy for heating, lightning, in daytime, and for hot water – which has achieved through a solar water heating system.

-”zero energy consuming” during daytime.

Shrujan

Rainfall : 323 mmClimate : hot & dryWind speed : max - 45 kmph ,

min - 12 kmphTemperature : max - 49* C

min - 19.5* CHumidity : 40% to 55 RH %