Climate Change and its impacts in ASEAN...Lesson Learn on Progress of Climate Change Adaptation...
Transcript of Climate Change and its impacts in ASEAN...Lesson Learn on Progress of Climate Change Adaptation...
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Climate Change and its
impacts in ASEAN
ASEAN Secretariat
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Outline of
Presentation
• Climate change –overview
• ASEAN: Vulnerabilities and Impacts of Climate Change
• Addressing climate change issues in ASEAN
• ASEAN’S Participation in Global Fora on Climate Change
• Concluding Message
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What is climate change?
• Climate is changing, at alarming rate,
• Human Induced caused – GHGs emissions,
• Impacts both cumulative and disaster-nature,
• Very complex in nature - sound science,
empirical, social, economic, political views, and
general public.
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Th
e C
lima
te S
yste
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5th AR -IPCC• Climate-related risks for natural and human systems are higher for
global warming of 1.5°C than at present, but lower than at 2°C (high
confidence). These risks depend on the magnitude and rate of warming,
geographic location, levels of development and vulnerability, and on the
choices and implementation of adaptation and mitigation options (high
confidence),
• Climate models project include increases in: mean temperature in most
land and ocean regions (high confidence), hot extremes in most inhabited
regions (high confidence), heavy precipitation in several regions (medium
confidence), and the probability of drought and precipitation deficits in
some regions (medium confidence),
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SR1.5 IPCC
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SR1.5 IPCC- Tropics • # hot days and nights, heatwaves: increases
(HC) health impacts,
• Livestock heat stress : increased;
• Crop yields: risks; extensive risks (W. Africa, SE
Asia, S. America); substantial reductions,
• Rainforests : reduced biomass; larger reductions;
reduced extent, potential forest dieback (MC)
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Source: The Economics of Climate Change in Southeast Asia: Regional Review, 2009
Southeast Asia is one of the world’s most vulnerable regions to climate change impacts such as droughts, floods, typhoons, sea level rise, and heat waves.
• A large proportion of the population and economic activity is concentrated along coastlines;
• The region is heavily reliant on agriculture, fisheries for livelihoods;
• There is a high dependence on natural resources and forestry;
• The level of extreme poverty remains high, low resilient capacities.
ASEAN: Vulnerabilities and Impacts of Climate Change
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Key issues and challenges in ASEAN• High population concentration,
• Developing countries needs for further development,
• Energy, forestry, land use, urbanization, agriculture, transport,
and industrial are in high demand.
• Changing of climate, impacts and threats of climate change are
obvious – temperature, precipitations, extreme events
(disaster), and sea level rise. Impacts on
ecosystem/biodiversity, agriculture, water resources, human
health and others.
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SR1.5 IPCC - Vulnerabilities
Extreme climate events: expected to be more frequent
and more bigger - storms // droughts // floods
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Please enjoy video clips on climate change
• Causes and effects of climate change (2.45min)
• Climate change impact on economy (2min)
• Climate change impact human societies (6min)
• Climate change impact on human health,
(2.4min)
• Climate change impact on biodiversity
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Addressing climate change issues in ASEAN
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1. UNFCCC, 1992
2. Kyoto Protocol 1997
3. Paris Agreement 2015,
4. Katowice Climate Change Conference
(UNFCCC COP24, Dec 2018) – Paris
rulebook
Global Commitments and ASEAN
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AMS
Status of Approval(AA), Acceptance(A), Accession(a), Succession(d)/Ratification
UNFCCCKyoto Protocol
(KP)Doha Amendment
to KPParis Agreement
(PA)
Brunei Darussalam 7 Aug 2007 a 20 Aug 2009 a 14 Nov 2014 A 21-Sep-16
Cambodia 18 Dec 1995 a 22 Aug 2002 a 17 Nov 2015 A 6-Feb-17
Indonesia 23-Aug-94 3-Dec-04 30 Sep 2014 A 31-Oct-16
Lao PDR 4 Jan 1995 a 6 Feb 2003 a - 7-Sep-16
Malaysia 13-Jul-94 4-Sep-02 12 Apr 2017 A 16-Nov-16
Myanmar 25-Nov-94 13 Aug 2003 a 19 Sep 2017 A 19-Sep-17
Philippines 2-Aug-94 20-Nov-03 13 Apr 2016 A 23-Mar-17
Singapore 29-May-97 12 Apr 2006 a 23 Sep 2014 A 21-Sep-16
Thailand 28-Dec-94 28-Aug-02 1 Sep 2015 A 21-Sep-16
Vietnam 16-Nov-94 25-Sep-02 22 Jun 2015 A 3 Nov 2016 AA
AMS commitments for climate change
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ASEAN Joint Statement on Climate Change
• The ASEAN Leaders at the regional level have issued Statements related to climatechange at their 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 Summits.
• In 2018, the ASEAN Joint Statement on Climate Change was highlighted as part of thenational statement of Singapore by H.E. Masagos Zulkifli, Minister of Environment ofWater Resources of Singapore at the resumed High-Level Segment of UNFCCC COP-24.
• In its national statement, Singapore also highlighted the outcomes of the SpecialASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Climate Action (SAMCA), the launch of the ASEAN SmartCity Network, Singapore’s support to Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Insurance Facility(SEADRIF), and ASEAN’s energy efficiency targets.
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ASEAN Cooperation on Climate Change and Progress of Implementation of the AWGCC Action
Plan
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United Nations’ 2030 Agenda on
Sustainable Development Goals
Global Commitments
ASCC Community Vision 2025ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community envisions the achievement of a sustainable environment in the face of social changes and economic development.
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RELEVANT INTERNATIONAL
FRAMEWORKS AND GLOBAL
DISCOURSES HAVE INFORMED THE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE ASCC
BLUEPRINT
ASCC
Blueprint
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The ASCC Blueprint comprises 5 Characteristics, with 18 Key Result Areas and corresponding 109 Strategic Measures
5 CHARACTERISTICS
A. Engages and
benefits the
people
B. Inclusive
C. Sustainable
D. Resilient
E. Dynamic
18KEY RESULT
AREAS
109STRATEGIC
MEASURES
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Milestones for ASEAN’s Collective Response to Climate Change
Nov 2007: ASEAN Declaration on UNFCCC
COP13
Dec 2007: Indonesia hosting UNFCCC COP13 in Bali: Bali Road Map and Bali Action Plan
2008:
ASEAN established ASEAN Working Group
on Climate Change (AWGCC)
2009:
AWGCC met for the first time
Onwards:
ASEAN joint statements on climate change COP,
information sharing, climate capacity
building, etc
ASEAN
Climate
Change
Partnership
Conference
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C.3 Sustainable Climate
i. Strengthen human and institutional capacity in implementing climate change adaptation and mitigation,especially on vulnerable and marginalised communities.
ii. Facilitate the development of comprehensive and coherent responses to climate change challenges, such asbut not limited to multi-stakeholder and multi-sectoral approaches.
iii. Leverage on private sector and community to have access to new and innovative financing mechanisms toaddress climate change.
iv. Strengthen the capacity of sectoral institutions and local governments in conducting Greenhouse Gas (GHG)inventory, and vulnerability assessments and adaptation needs.
v. Strengthen the effort of government, private sector and community in reducing GHG emission from mainactivities of development.
vi. Mainstream climate change risk management and GHG emission reduction on sectoral planning.
vii. Strengthen global partnerships and support the implementation of relevant international agreements andframeworks, e.g. the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
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Mitigation
Adaptation and
Resilience
Technology Transfer
Climate Finance
Global Partnership
Cross-Sectoral
Coordination
Strategic Priority 5: Climate Change
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Ongoing activities
Activity Remark
Training on Climate Change Adaptation: Climate Change Adaptation
National Plan Formulation, Implementation and Framework of
Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)
4-6 September 2019,
Bangkok, Thailand
Training on Climate Finance: GCF Concept Note Write-shop 10-12 September 2019 in
Bangkok, Thailand,
Initial Workshop on ASEAN Climate Finance Strategy October 2019, Bangkok,
Thailand (tbc)
Strengthening Science and Policy Interface in Climate Change Related
Decision-Making Process
early 2020, Bali, Indonesia
Proposal on Building Knowledge on the Potential of Blockchain
Technology to Enable Linked Carbon Markets
early 2020, Singapore
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Proposed Initiatives Proponent
Proposal on Knowledge-Sharing Workshop on Mainstreaming Climate ChangeMitigation in Sectoral Plans Cambodia
Strengthening ASEAN’s Capability for Development and Take Up of Greenhouse GasMitigation Technologies Philippines
Enhancing the ASEAN Member States’ Capacities on Climate Risk Management Philippines
Southeast Asian MRV Hub Singapore
Building Knowledge on the Potential of Blockchain Technology to Enable LinkedCarbon Markets
Singapore
Regional Financial Policy Framework to achieve environmental and sustainability objectives (Climate Fund)
Brunei Darussalam, ASEAN Secretariat, UNFCCC RCC
Enhancing the ASEAN Member States’ Capacities On Climate Risk Management The Philippines
Formulation of ASEAN Roadmap on Climate Change Capacity Building Thailand
Proposal on “To Improve Estimation of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions From Land Use Change in Peatlands”
Singapore
Proposed ASEAN City Leaders on Climate Resilience Initiative. ASEAN Secretariat
ASEAN State of Climate Change Report ASEAN Secretariat
Proposed / Pipeline Activities
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ASEAN State of Climate Report
ASEAN Statements / Side Events at
COP 25
AWGCC Initiatives
Development and Implementation of Facility/Company Level Monitoring,
Reporting and Verification (MRV)
Systems for Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions
in ASEAN Member States (AMS)
Ministerial Roundtable on
Climate, Air and Health
Regional Financial Policy Framework to
achieve environmental
and sustainability objectives through
Climate Fund Initiatives
Strengthening Science and
Policy Interface in Climate
Change Related Decision-Making
Process (Indonesia)
Strengthening Climate
Resilience of AMS through
Experience Sharing and
Lesson Learn on Progress of
Climate Change Adaptation Activities
Expected to be implemented in 2019/2020
Activities on Climate Actions
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Highlights of Regional Initiatives on Climate Change under Environment Sector
AWGNCB
•Biodiversity and Climate Change Project (BCCP)
•ASEAN-ROK Flagship Project on Restoration of Degraded Forest Ecosystem in the Southeast Asian Tropical Regions
AWGESC
•ASEAN ESC Model Cities Programme
•Clean Air for Smaller Cities Programme
AWGEE
•ASEAN Youth Environment Programme
•ASEAN Plus Three LeadersipProgramme on Sustainable Consumption and Consumption
AWGCME
•Workshop on Climate Change and ASEAN Coastal Areas: Vulnerability, Impacts and Adaptation
ATFP
•ASEAN PeatlandForest Project (APFP)
•ASEAN-EU Sustainable Use of Peatlands and Haze Mitigation (SUPA)
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Existing Related Cross-sectoral Coordination Mechanisms and Platforms
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Forestry, Agriculture and Fisheries (ASOF & SOM-AMAF)• The German-ASEAN Programme on Response to Climate Change: Agriculture,
Forestry and Related Sectors/GAP-CC: Module on Forestry and Climate Change
(FOR-CC) comprises two main components namely i) Forestry and ii) Climate
Smart Value Chains.
• FOR-CC provides support to ASEAN Working Group on Forest and Climate
Change (AWG-FCC), AWG on Forest Management (AWG-FM) and to the ASEAN
Climate Resilience Network (ASEAN-CRN) through the ASEAN Technical Working
Group on Agriculture Research and Development (ATWGARD) and ASEAN
Working Group on Crops (AWGC).
• The ASEAN Multi-Sectoral Framework for Climate Change: Agriculture and
Forestry towards Food and Nutrition Security and Achievement of Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), under the FOR-CC, provides a set of strategic
interventions, consisting of strategic thrusts and actions based on proven and
promising approaches that address climate change-related issues. ASOEN Chair
is often invited to the Meetings of the Ad-hoc Steering Committee on Climate
Change and Food Security. However, ASOEN Chair rarely confirms their
participation at the Meetings. There may be a lack of the sense of ownership from
ASOEN on this initiative.
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Energy (SOME)• ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation 2016-2025 focuses on seven priority areas: (i)
ASEAN Power Grid, (ii) Trans ASEAN Gas Pipeline, (iii) Coal and Clean Coal Technology, (iv)
Energy Efficiency and Conservation, (v) Renewable Energy, (vi) Regional Energy Policy and
Planning, and (vii) Civilian Nuclear Energy.
• The ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) was established in 1999 in Jakarta, Indonesia, an is
guided by a Governing Council composed of Senior Officials on Energy leaders from each
AMS and a representative from the ASEAN Secretariat as an ex-officio member. In 2015,
Three critical roles of ACE are as ASEAN energy think tank, as a catalyst to strengthen
ASEAN energy cooperation and integration, and as ASEAN energy data centre and
knowledge hub.
Transport / Infrastructure (STOM)• Sustainable Transport, with a goal of Formulating a regional policy framework to support
sustainable transport which includes low carbon modes of transport, energy efficiency and
user-friendly transport initiatives, integration of transport and land use planning.
• The on-going ASEAN-Germanproject “Sustainable Mobility for Passengers and Goods in
Metropolitan Regions of ASEAN Member States” (SMMR) aims for metropolitan regions in
AMS to integrate sustainable mobility concepts into their transport policy and planning. the
Project was consulted with and supported by AWGESC.
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Disaster Management (ACDM)
One of the priority programmes of the ASEAN Agreement on
Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER)
Work Programme 2016-2025 is Priority Programme 3: ADVANCE
(A Disaster Resilient and Climate Adaptive ASEAN Community).
Among the expected outputs under the Programme is
strengthened institutional capacity and policy frameworks for
effective implementation of disaster risk reduction (DRR) and
climate change adaptation (CCA).
Sendai Framework for DRR
AADMER
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• established in 2013, serves as platform for coordination among ASEAN Finance and Central Bank
Deputies Meeting (AFCDM), AIRM, and ASEAN Committee of Disaster Management (ACDM) to
implement the ASEAN DRFI Roadmap, which aims to strengthen the capacities of individual AMS and the
region to effectively manage the impacts of disasters, enhance the financial resilience to disasters, and
promote regional cooperation for a disaster and climate resilience.
• The ASEAN Disaster Risk Financing and Insurance Phase 2 (ADRFI-2) ‘plan of action’ will equip Member
States with risk management and risk transfer capabilities that will enable them to overcome financial
burdens caused by disasters.
• ASEAN Green Bonds - The ASEAN Capital Markets Forum (ACMF): a green asset class in line
with the importance of green finance in supporting sustainable growth in ASEAN, particularly in
meeting ASEAN’s infrastructure needs.
Joint Statement of the 4th ASEAN Finance Ministers' and Central Bank Governors’ Meeting (AFMGM)-
Singapore 06 Apr 2018:
• Ministers reaffirm our commitment to AEC Blueprint 2025, including its strategic objectives of financial
integration, financial stability, and financial inclusion. We welcome the Singapore Chairs' focus on
‘Resilience and Innovation, and the initiatives to sustainable growth, boost resilience and foster
innovation.
• We recognize the importance of strengthening AMS’ resilience against natural disasters. – Launch ASEAN
Disaster Risk Insurance Facility as risk management solution for the region
ASEAN Cross-Sectoral Coordination Committee (ACSCC) on
Disaster Risk Financing and Insurance (DRFI),
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Key messages
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ASEAN - conclude • Responding to climate change is among high
priorities of ASEAN,
• ASEAN is addressing climate change through the
framework of ASEAN Community building, with
strategies and actions to enhance regional and
international cooperation in supporting mitigation,
adaptation, technology transfer, capacity
building, finance, cross-sectoral coordination
and global partnerships.
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• Climate change is complex of causes and effects, by
multi-actors, multiple-scales and sectors,
• No geographic/admin boundary impacts across the
board, [CC> FI scope of works]
• No single solution, no individual or single country/state or
business can stop it. BUT WAIT?
TOGETHER CAN MAKE IT POSSIBLE, THINK GLOBALLY, ACT
LOCALLY AND NATIONALLY!
1. Acknowledge climate change causes and
effects are real and matter us for ACTION.
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2. Working together to synergize our
efforts and closer gaps (1)• Provide consistent and coherence policies and guidance
• Clear principles –precautionary, proactive, continue learning and adaptive
management,
• Prioritise its climate change initiatives: adaptation/resilience, technology
transfer, carbon market and climate risk financing.
• Developing climate risk management scenario for ASEAN,
• Develop guidelines for investment and planning for private sector-banking in
relation to climate resilience and risk management,
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2. Working together to synergize our efforts
and closer gaps (2)• Participate in Annual ASEAN Climate Change Partnership Conference,
• Develop best practice approaches and clear guidance on adapting to the
impacts and risks of climate across multiple sectors, esp doc of
feedbacks from practitioners.
• Strengthen and expedite implementation of ASEAN DRFI Roadmap and
Programme.
• Participate in Workshop on ASEAN Climate Finance Strategy (demand
and supply),
• Promote and strengthen cooperation between public –private sector,
ASEAN and Banking for climate proof and resilient development:
community of practices, share best practices and capacity building.
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For more information on ASEAN cooperation on environment,
please visit the following websites:
ASEAN Cooperation on Environment:
http://environment.asean.org
ASEAN Haze Action Online:
http://haze.asean.org
ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity:
http://aseanbiodiversity.org
For More
Information
ASEAN Environmental Education Inventory Database:
http://aeeid.asean.org
China-ASEAN Environmental Cooperation Centre:
http://chinaaseanenv.org/english/
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Environment Division
ASEAN SecretariatSisingamangaraja 70 A Jakarta 12110
6221-7262991
http://environment.asean.org