PRESENTED BY

KAMRUL ISLAM SAJIB

INTEKHAB ALAM

ANAMUL HAQUE

MEHEDI HASAN

A Case Study on Climate Change Impact on the Livelihoods of the

People in Tanguar Haor

Overview

Objective of Study

Haors of Bangladesh

About Tanguar Haor

Climate change, causes & vulnerability

Analysis of climate change parameter

Understanding on livelihood of Tanguar Haor people due to climatechange

Recommendation

Limitations

Objective of Study

Analysis of major climate change parameters

Climate change impacts on agriculture, fisheries andseverity of flash flood, cyclone, drought, and rivererosion etc.

Understanding on livelihood of Haor people due toclimate change

Haors of Bangladesh

Haors with their uniquehydro-ecologicalcharacteristics are largebowl shaped floodplaindepressions located in thenorth-eastern region ofBangladesh covering about1.99 million ha of area andaccommodating about 19.37million people.

These 373 haors cover anarea of about 859,000 hawhich is around 43% of thetotal area of the haor region.

About Tanguar Haor

Located in Sunamganj District is a part of Meghnaand Surma River Basin.

Covering an area of 9,727 hectares.

About Tanguar Haor (cont.)

Tanguar haor exhibits a unique wetland ecosystem.

Considering its ecological importance it has beendeclared as the 2nd Ramsar site of Bangladesh in2000.

The swamp forest land of the haor is another uniqueecological feature of the haor ecology.

It plays an important role in fish production as itfunctions as a 'mother fishery' for the country.

Climate Change

A change in the state of the climate that can beidentified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changesin the mean and/or the variability of its propertiesand that persists for an extended period, typicallydecades or longer.

Source: IPCC

Causes of climate change

Natural causes

a. Volcanic activity

b. Solar output

Human causes

a. Burning of fossil fuel

b. Conversion of land

c. Greenhouse effect ( co2, CH4, N2O, CFC)

Vulnerability of climate Change

Sea Level Rise Cyclone (Intensity &

Frequency) Deeper Penetration of

Saline Water Erratic Rainfall Flood (Intensity &

Frequency) Drought River Bank Erosion Water Health Food Security and

Livelihoods

Map Source: Dr. Atiq Rahman

Analysis of climate change parameters

Rainfall (1980-2008)

Temperature (1981-2010)

Evaporation (2007-2010)

Water level (1981-2010)

Rainfall (cont.)

y = -0.8831x + 2266.7R² = 0.0074

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

197

8

197

9

198

0

198

1

198

2

198

3

198

4

198

5

198

6

198

7

198

8

198

9

199

0

199

1

199

2

199

3

199

4

199

5

199

6

199

7

199

8

199

9

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

Ra

infa

ll (

mm

)

Year

Average of Yearly Total Rainfall (mm) for 1980-2008

Rainfall (cont.)

y = -8.1616x + 17850R² = 0.0391

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

197

8

197

9

198

0

198

1

198

2

198

3

198

4

198

5

198

6

198

7

198

8

198

9

199

0

199

1

199

2

199

3

199

4

199

5

199

6

199

7

199

8

199

9

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

Ra

infa

ll (

mm

)

Year

Average of Yearly Maximum Rainfall for 1981-2008

Rainfall (cont.)

Source: IUCN

Temperature

y = 0.0478x - 61.726R² = 0.4945

32.5

33

33.5

34

34.5

35

197

9

198

0

198

1

198

2

198

3

198

4

198

5

198

6

198

7

198

8

198

9

199

0

199

1

199

2

199

3

199

4

199

5

199

6

199

7

199

8

199

9

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

Ma

xim

um

Tem

per

atu

re i

n d

egre

e ce

lsiu

s

Year

Average of Maximum Temperature at Sylhet for 1981-2010

Temperature (cont.)

y = 0.0497x - 81.705R² = 0.5053

15.5

16

16.5

17

17.5

18

18.5

197

9

198

0

198

1

198

2

198

3

198

4

198

5

198

6

198

7

198

8

198

9

199

0

199

1

199

2

199

3

199

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199

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199

9

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

Min

imu

m T

emp

era

ture

in

deg

ree

cels

ius

Year

Average of Minimum Temperature at Sylhet for 1981-2010

Temperature (cont.)

Source: IUCN

Evaporation

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1

Ev

ap

ora

tio

n (

mm

)

Months

Average of Monthly Evaporation (mm) at Sunamganj for 2007-2010

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Evaporation (cont.)

Source: IUCN

Water Level

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Wa

ter

Lev

el (

m)

Months

Hydrograph of Surma River at Sunamganj for 1981-2010

Water Level (cont.)

y = -0.008x + 21.195R² = 0.0727

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

197

9

198

0

198

1

198

2

198

3

198

4

198

5

198

6

198

7

198

8

198

9

199

0

199

1

199

2

199

3

199

4

199

5

199

6

199

7

199

8

199

9

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

Wa

ter

Lev

el (

m)

Year

Yearly Average of Mean Daily Water Levelof Surma river at Sunamganj

Our Questionnaire Survey

How their livelihoods affects

Flash flood (spring) Land erosion Norwesters, Tornadoes (early summer & rainy season) Single crop throughout a year Remain under water for several months each year Safe drinking water Seasonal unemployment Emigration Demand for embankment Fishing prohibition Dependency of haor ecosystem Decrease in rice production

“People from outside consider it a natural beauty and many inside think it as a trap of nature!”

“People from outside consider it a natural beauty and many inside think it as a trap of nature!”

Recommendation

Early warning system for flash flood

Building submersible embankment to control pre-monsoon flood

Improve rice production

More jobs for local people

Afforestation

Limitations

Couldn’t consider seasonal variation

Some missing data

Four years of evaporation Data

Considered only three villages of two union for questionnaire