Climate Action Committee Presentations October 4, 2017 · CEA Member Presentation 2017 Thank-You...
Transcript of Climate Action Committee Presentations October 4, 2017 · CEA Member Presentation 2017 Thank-You...
www.communityenergy.bc.ca
CEA Member Presentation
2017
Thank-You
3.1
Climate Action Committee - Page 1
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Climate Action Committee - Page 2
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Community Energy Association Members – Utilities, Transportation Companies, Consulting Firmsand Non-profit Organizations
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FEDERATION OF CANADIAN MUNICIPALITIES
FEDERATION CANADIENNE DES MUNICIPALITES
Climate Action Committee - Page 3
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Community Energy Association Purpose
CEA is charitable non-profit society
CEA is the trusted independent advisor to local governments
We are helping local governments close the implementation gap
Accelerate Climate Action withPeople and Projects
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Municipalities for Climate Innovation Program
About Municipalities for Climate Innovation
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Management Network
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2018-2019 Expected Trends
Green InfrastructureStep Code
Cross-Community Collaboration Big Data for Big Challenges
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Deepen Your Skills in Climate Leadership in November
CLI offers 3 credit hours toward any level of Local Government Leadership Academy (LGLA) Certification
Climate Action Committee - Page 823503700
Health Impacts of Residential Wood Smoke
Michael Brauer
School of Population and Public Health
Metro Vancouver Climate Action Committee, October 4, 2017
4.1
Climate Action Committee - Page 9
Air pollution and health
• Ambient air pollution(individual) risk issmall…but large exposedpopulation = largepopulation risk
• Diseases impacted by airpollution have othercauses…
• …Air pollution as a contributing risk factor
2Climate Action Committee - Page 10
Air pollution and health
• On days with worse airquality, more peopledie*
• In more polluted cities,people die earlier than inless polluted cities…
• …and, in the most polluted areas of cities, there is an increased risk of dying
Larrieu et al. Am J Epidemiol, 2009
*out-of-hospital, >65 yrsClimate Action Committee - Page 11
BC Lung air quality and health workshop 2016
Beyond the heart and lungsshorter life
cognitive development
cognitive decline
mental health
stroke
heart disease
asthma
lung cancer
reduced lung
function
obesity
birth defects
low birth weight
diabetes
e established effects e possible effects Climate Action Committee - Page 12
• 1 km satellite-based estimates + surfacemeasurements
• 2.4 million non-immigrant 25-90 year olds• 10 year follow-up
Associations between fine particulate matter and mortality in the 2001 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort. Environ Research. Lauren L Pinault, Scott Weichenthal, Daniel L Crouse, Michael Brauer, Anders Erickson, Aaron van Donkelaa,Randall V Martin, Perry Hystad8 Hong Chen, Philippe Finès, Jeffrey R Brook, Michael Tjepkema, Richard T Burnett.
IHD
COPD
Lung cancer
Environ Res. 2017 Aug 26;159:406-415. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.037
No evidence of threshold
Climate Action Committee - Page 13
BC State of the Air Report
Brauer et al., 2016; Environment Canada; BC Lung 2017
92% global population in areas exceeding WHO Air Quality Guideline (10 μg/m3 PM2.5annual average)
Metro Vancouver is among the least
polluted regions in one of the cleanest parts of the world
Climate Action Committee - Page 14
BC Crude Estimate (population proportion): 920 PM2.5 + 90 Ozone
7,000 deaths/yr PM2.5 700 deaths/yr ozoneAmong top risk factors (#11 deaths, #10 DALYs)
CANADA (2016)
Lancet. 2017 Sep 16;390(10100):1345-1422. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32366-8https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/
…but air pollutionstill has large impacts
on our health
Climate Action Committee - Page 15
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…and residential woodsmoke is our largest source
0 2000
1990
0 2000
1995
0 2000
2000
0 2000
2005
0 2000
2010
PM2.5 Emissions (tonnes)
Residential WoodBurning
Industry
Marine
Non-Road
Light Duty Vehicles
Heavy Duty Vehicles
All Other Sources
and the source with the least improvement over time
Climate Action Committee - Page 16
Woodsmoke & health in Metro Vancouver
• 15% increase in babies bornat low birthweight +
• 32% increase in earinfections++
• 8% increase in bronchiolitis*
• 15% increase in COPDhospitalization+
• No associations with:– pre-term birth-
– asthma incidence-
– cardiovascular, COPDmortality-
MacIntyre EA et al., Exposure to residential air pollution and otitis media during the first two years of life. Epidemiology. 2011 Jan;22(1):81-9.; Karr CJ et al.,Influence of ambient air pollutant sources on clinical encounters for infant bronchiolitis. Am J Resp Crit Care Med, 2009, 180(10):995-1001.; Clark NA et al.,Effect of early life exposure to air pollution on development of childhood asthma. Environ Health Perspect 2010, 188(2): 118:284-290; Gan W et al., Associations of Ambient Air Pollution with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Hospitalization and Mortality. Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2013. 187(7):721-7. ; Gehring et al., Epidemiology 2014. 25(3):351-8.
++ > traffic pollution, + ~traffic, - <traffic
9Climate Action Committee - Page 17
Woodsmoke and heart attack hospitalization in BC
On cold days and days with highest biomass contribution:19% increased risk of heart attack
For each 5 µg/m3
increase in 3-day mean PM2.5 6.0% increased risk of MI among elderly subjects (≥ 65 years)
Weichenthal S et al. Biomass Burning as a Source of Ambient Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Acute Myocardial Infarction.Epidemiology. 2017 May;28(3):329-337. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000636.Climate Action Committee - Page 18
Yap PS, Garcia C. Effectiveness of residential wood-burning regulation on decreasing particulate matter levels and hospitalizations in the San Joaquin Valley Air Basin. Am J Public Health. 2015 Apr;105(4):772-8. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302360.
PM2.5 Reductions 12% (11% rural, 15% urban)
Adults > 65 yrsPrevent 7% of CVD and 16% of IHD admissions
California Rule 4901New sales/property transfer - Certified stoves/Pellet stoves.
No fireplaces
No burn days
No sale of used heaters
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Combustion source Emissions (mg/MJ) Composition
Open fireplace 160 – 910
Conventional woodstove
50 – 2100
Conventional log boilers
50 – 2000(50 – 250)
‘Modern” woodstoveslog/chip boilers
34 – 3305 – 450
Pellet stoves/boilers 10 - 5012
MORE TOXIC
LESS TOXIC
adapted from: Kocbach Bølling et al 2009Climate Action Committee - Page 20
• ~39% reduction in winter PM10• ↓ winter cardiovascular (-19.6%) and respiratory (-27.9%) mortality• Similar decreases not observed in control community
Evaluation of interventions to reduce air pollution from biomass smoke on mortality in Launceston, Australia: retrospective analysis of daily mortality, 1994-2007. Johnston FH, Hanigan IC, Henderson SB, Morgan GG. BMJ. 2013
Tasmania woodstove → electricity
Climate Action Committee - Page 21
CENTRALIZED SUPPORT1
5.1
Climate Action Committee - Page 23
• Approved July 2017• Updated – previously based on 2010 operating costs• Adjusted annually
• Methodology for allocation to MV entities• Equitable, consistent and transparent• Based on prior year’s operating costs• Allocation based on level of support provided
• Number of staff• Business activity
• 2018 first year of implementation
2
2 0 1 8 C E N T R A L I Z E D S U P P O R T – B O A R D P O L I C Y
Climate Action Committee - Page 24
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2 0 1 8 C E N T R A L I Z E D S U P P O R T – E X P E N D I T U R E O V E R V I E W
($ millions) 2017 2018 % Change
Corporate Services $46.2 $43.5 (5.9%)
External Relations $5.7 $6.0 4.0%
Financial Services $11.6 $11.9 3.6%
Human Resources $4.7 $4.9 3.8%
Legal and Legislative Services $4.0 $4.2 5.2%
Total Expenditures $72.2 $70.5 (2.3%)
Climate Action Committee - Page 25
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2017 2018%
Change 2019%
Change 2020%
Change 2021%
Change 2022%
Change
REVENUES
Allocated to Functions $ 54.8 $ 59.7 9.0% $ 58.9 (1.5%) $ 60.0 1.9% $ 60.9 1.6% $ 61.1 0.2%
External Revenues 6.3 6.4 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.8
Reserves Applied 11.1 4.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
$ 72.2 $ 70.5 (2.3%) $ 66.5 (5.7%) $ 67.7 1.8% $ 68.6 1.4% $ 68.9 0.4%
EXPENDITURES
Corporate Services $ 46.2 $ 43.5 (5.9%) $ 39.2 (9.9%) $ 39.9 1.9% $ 40.5 1.3% $ 40.4 (0.1%)
External Relations 5.7 6.0 4.0% 6.1 3.2% 6.3 1.4% 6.3 1.4% 6.4 1.4%
Financial Services 11.6 11.9 3.6% 12.0 0.1% 12.1 1.3% 12.3 1.5% 12.5 1.4%
Human Resources 4.7 4.9 3.8% 5.0 1.5% 5.1 3.0% 5.2 1.7% 5.2 (0.3%)
Legal and Legislative 4.0 4.2 5.2% 4.2 (0.4%) 4.3 1.4% 4.3 1.4% 4.4 1.4%
$ 72.2 $ 70.5 (2.3%) $ 66.5 (5.7%) $ 67.7 1.8% $ 68.6 1.4% $ 68.9 0.4%
2 0 1 8 C E N T R A L I Z E D S U P P O R T - A L LO C AT I O N
Climate Action Committee - Page 26
• 2018 Allocation
• Reduced application of reserve funding• Reserve funding planned over five years• Planned debt servicing in 2018• Expect stable financial plan 2019 - 2022
5
2 0 1 8 C E N T R A L I Z E D S U P P O R T
Climate Action Committee - Page 27
2017 2018 % 2019 % 2020 % 2021 % 2022 %BUDGET BUDGET CHANGE FORECAST CHANGE FORECAST CHANGE FORECAST CHANGE FORECAST CHANGE
REVENUES
Allocated to Functional Departments (net) 54,828,455$ 59,743,188$ 9.0% 58,864,787$ (1.5%) 59,977,123$ 1.9% 60,940,991$ 1.6% 61,082,311$ 0.2%Other External Revenues 6,312,981 6,349,433 0.6% 6,570,688 3.5% 6,642,976 1.1% 6,631,744 (0.2%) 6,761,078 2.0%Reserves 11,048,738 4,412,415 (60.1%) 1,045,500 (76.3%) 1,046,010 0.0% 1,046,530 0.0% 1,047,061 0.1%
TOTAL REVENUES 72,190,174$ 70,505,036$ (2.3%) 66,480,975$ (5.7%) 67,666,109$ 1.8% 68,619,265$ 1.4% 68,890,450$ 0.4%
EXPENDITURES
Corporate Services 46,195,331 43,481,528 (5.9%) 39,188,836 (9.9%) 39,914,261 1.9% 40,452,197 1.3% 40,407,274 (0.1%)External Relations 5,719,645 5,950,596 4.0% 6,143,825 3.2% 6,232,625 1.4% 6,319,095 1.4% 6,409,294 1.4%Financial Services 11,528,405 11,939,229 3.6% 11,956,526 0.1% 12,115,751 1.3% 12,293,779 1.5% 12,470,875 1.4%Human Resources 4,727,715 4,905,451 3.8% 4,980,312 1.5% 5,131,645 3.0% 5,221,401 1.7% 5,208,117 (0.3%)Legal and Legislative Services 4,019,078 4,228,232 5.2% 4,211,476 (0.4%) 4,271,827 1.4% 4,332,793 1.4% 4,394,890 1.4%
TOTAL EXPENDITURES 72,190,174$ 70,505,036$ (2.3%) 66,480,975$ (5.7%) 67,666,109$ 1.8% 68,619,265$ 1.4% 68,890,450$ 0.4%
ALLOCATED TO FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTS
Water 22,156,649$ 25,084,563$ 13.2% 23,517,850$ (6.2%) 23,755,431$ 1.0% 24,075,698$ 1.3% 23,871,306$ (0.8%)Liquid Waste 19,588,474 22,094,123 12.8% 22,933,899 3.8% 24,417,578 6.5% 25,749,787 5.5% 26,723,137 3.8%Solid Waste 3,871,134 4,348,952 12.3% 4,703,702 8.2% 4,402,797 (6.4%) 4,142,574 (5.9%) 3,918,719 (5.4%)Housing 4,124,906 2,417,680 (41.4%) 2,133,116 (11.8%) 2,013,017 (5.6%) 1,875,313 (6.8%) 1,735,951 (7.4%)Affordable Housing 47,323 71,638 51.4% 90,223 25.9% 87,918 (2.6%) 83,625 (4.9%) 78,639 (6.0%)Air Quality 590,505 953,910 61.5% 883,948 (7.3%) 838,958 (5.1%) 776,272 (7.5%) 725,625 (6.5%)E911 Emergency Telephone Service 82,116 84,404 2.8% 86,502 2.5% 88,652 2.5% 90,854 2.5% 93,112 2.5%Electoral Area Service 32,329 38,934 20.4% 46,200 18.7% 32,399 (29.9%) 33,724 4.1% 29,723 (11.9%)General Government 552,044 534,485 (3.2%) 551,295 3.1% 521,393 (5.4%) 473,900 (9.1%) 428,901 (9.5%)Labour Relations 293,775 244,068 (16.9%) 225,416 (7.6%) 215,648 (4.3%) 202,738 (6.0%) 189,864 (6.4%)Regional Emergency Management 15,000 10,117 (32.6%) 11,434 13.0% 11,671 2.1% 10,741 (8.0%) 8,500 (20.9%)Regional Global Positioning System 62,423 31,225 (50.0%) 29,271 (6.3%) 28,006 (4.3%) 26,382 (5.8%) 24,469 (7.3%)Regional Parks 3,215,917 3,517,305 9.4% 3,366,847 (4.3%) 3,283,799 (2.5%) 3,129,318 (4.7%) 2,998,237 (4.2%)Regional Planning 189,290 286,415 51.3% 263,289 (8.1%) 257,626 (2.2%) 247,388 (4.0%) 233,000 (5.8%)Sasamat Fire Protection Service 6,570 25,369 290.0% 21,796 (14.1%) 22,232 2.0% 22,676 2.0% 23,130 2.0%
54,828,455$ 59,743,188$ 9.0% 58,864,787$ (1.5%) 59,977,123$ 1.9% 60,940,991$ 1.6% 61,082,311$ 0.2%
METRO VANCOUVER DISTRICTSCENTRALIZED SUPPORT PROGRAM SUMMARY
2018 BUDGET REVIEW2018-2022 FINANCIAL PLAN
Climate Action Committee - Page 28
23503699
2018-2022 Budget and Financial PlanMETRO VANCOUVER REGIONAL DISTRICT – AIR QUALITYRoger QuanDIRECTOR, AIR QUALITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Ray RobbDIVISON MANAGER, ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONAND ENFORCEMENT
Climate Action Committee Meeting – October 4, 201723464575
5.1
Climate Action Committee - Page 29
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A IR QUALITY FUNCTION OVERVIEWThe Air Quality budget is comprised of two functions:
• Air Quality and Climate Change (Policy); Parks, Planning and Environment.• Air quality management planning;• Climate action planning;• Bylaw and regulation development; and• Ambient air quality monitoring and assessment
• Air Quality Regulation and Enforcement; Legal and Legislative Services. Classic Air Quality Regulatory Program
- Permitting - Promoting compliance with Bylaw, Permits and Regulations
Non-Road Diesel Engine (NRDE) Regulatory Program- Promoting compliance and promoting cleaner engines through fee rebates
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2 0 1 8 A I R Q UA L I T Y B U D G E T OV E RV I E W
Reserves11%
MVRD Requisition
43%
User Fees17%
Non-Road Diesel Permit
Fees23%
Sustainability Fund Reserves
1%
Other External Revenues
5%• Tax requisition increased by
15.1% over 2017• (5.9% excluding increase in
allocated centralizedsupport costs)
• Fee revenues from non-roaddiesel engine regulationdecreased by 12%
Climate Action Committee - Page 31
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2018 AIR QUALITY EXPENDITURESAllocation of
Centralized Support$1.0M
Administration & Department Support
$0.4M
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
$2.1M
Air Quality and Climate Change
Policy$1.6M
Communications Program$0.1M
Environmental Regulation & Enforcement
$3.0M
AQ Bylaw & Regulation
Development$1.6M
• Total expenditures$10.45 million, up1.9%
• Air quality and climatechange policydecreased by 3.9%
• Air quality regulationand enforcementincreased by 1.3%
• Corporate allocationincreased by 61%
Climate Action Committee - Page 32
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2 0 1 8 A I R Q UA L I T Y & C L I M AT E C H A N G EE X P E N D I T U R E S H I G H L I G H T S
Budget Highlights/Key Actions Include:• Climate 2050, the regional climate action strategy.• The next air quality management plan.• Development, consultation and adoption of air quality bylaws and regulations.• Review system of air quality regulatory fees.• Enhance public engagement in air quality and climate change.• Decrease consulting budget by $387,000.• Decrease air monitoring equipment budget by $337,000.
Proposed Staffing Changes:• 1.0 new staff to lead public involvement and consultation on new bylaws,
regulations, and management plans.• 1.0 new staff to undertake climate action projects.
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2 0 1 8 A I R Q UA L I T Y R E G U L AT I O N & E N F O R C E M E N TE X P E N D I T U R E S H I G H L I G H T S
Budget Highlights/Key Actions Include:1) Classic Air Quality Regulation• Increased Air Quality Complaint Costs (odour related)• Increased Appeal Legal and Consulting Costs (mainly odour related)
2) Non-Road Diesel Engine Regulation• Fees leveled off• Reduced Holdback for future fee rebates for reducing emissions
Proposed Staffing Changes:1) Classic Air Quality Regulation - none2) Non-Road Diesel Engine Regulation - none
Climate Action Committee - Page 34
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2018-2022 “ WHAT ’S HAPPENING” SUMMARY
Total Air Quality operating budget anticipated to increase 5.5% over 5 years (1.1% per year)
PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS:• Continued implementation of 5 year program to develop new bylaws and regulations.• Adoption of 2 management plans – (1) climate action strategy, and (2) air quality.• Continuous improvement in air quality, including more stringent air quality standards.• Review of regulatory fee system to ensure appropriate recovery of costs from regulated
sources, economic incentives to reduce emissions, and lessen impact on tax requisition.• Pursue legislative changes to better enable new policies, programs.• Ongoing applications to Sustainability Innovation Fund.• Enhanced use of available permitting and enforcement tools to address environmental
(esp. odour) concerns.
Climate Action Committee - Page 35
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2 0 1 8 t o 2 0 2 2 F I N A N C I A L S U M M A RY
($ millions) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Revenues $ 10.3 $ 10.5 $ 10.5 $ 10.4 $ 10.6 $ 10.8
Expenditures
Operating Programs $ 6.0 $ 5.8 $ 5.9 $ 6.0 $ 6.1 $ 6.3
Communications $ 0.1 $ 0.1 $ 0.1 $ 0.1 $ 0.1 $ 0.1
Regulation&Enforcement $ 2.5 $ 3.0 $ 3.0 $ 2.8 $ 2.9 $ 2.9
Provision for NRD Rebate $ 1.0 $ 0.6 $ 0.6 $ 0.7 $ 0.8 $ 0.8
Centralized Support $ 0.6 $ 1.0 $ 0.9 $ 0.8 $ 0.8 $ 0.7
Total Expenditures $ 10.3 $ 10.5 $ 10.5 $ 10.4 $ 10.6 $ 10.8
TOTAL MVRD HOUSEHOLD IMPACT ($) $ 46 $ 48 $ 49 $ 50 $ 50 $ 51
Climate Action Committee - Page 36
Questions?Climate Action Committee - Page 3723502742
Managing Residential Wood SmokeCONSULTATION ON A RESIDENTIAL WOOD SMOKE REGULATIONJulie SaxtonACTING PROGRAM MANAGER, BYLAW AND REGULATION DEVELOPMENT
Climate Action Committee Meeting, October 4, 2017
5.3
Climate Action Committee - Page 38
2
Wood Smoke in Metro Vancouver
• Approximately 100,000fireplaces and stoves in use inthe region
• Largest source of annual fineparticulate emissions in region• Higher proportion in winter
Climate Action Committee - Page 39
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• 5 to 25 complaints per monthabout wood smoke during thewinter
• More than 60% of wood smokecomplaints relate to residentialwood burning
Wood Smoke in Metro Vancouver
August 2017
November 2015
Climate Action Committee - Page 40
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Ambient air quality objective
Planning goal
Climate Action Committee - Page 41
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Preliminary Consultation Feedback• Affordability and equity
• Target the highest impact appliances
• Include education measures
• Align with existing emissions standards and other requirements
• Phased approachClimate Action Committee - Page 42
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Proposed Regulatory Elements2020: Seasonal restrictions
• Prohibit emissions from indoorresidential heating appliancesbetween May 15 and September 15
• Allow emissions from residentialwood burning appliances used solelyfor cooking during seasonalrestrictions
Climate Action Committee - Page 43
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Proposed Regulatory Elements2022: Registration requirements
• Register appliances that emit no more that 4.5 grams particulate per hour
• Register masonry heaters
Registration options • At appliance point of purchase• During installation, inspection or
maintenanceClimate Action Committee - Page 44
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Proposed Regulatory Elements2025: Prohibition on emissions from wood burning appliances, except
• Registered appliances• Appliances that are the sole source of
heat• Appliances that use wood burning as
the heat source for cooking• Outside the Urban Containment
Boundary• In case of hardship
Climate Action Committee - Page 45
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Raise awareness of proposals and seek feedback through• Open houses• Workshops• Online engagement• Media and community outreachClimate Action Committee - Page 46
Thank You
Climate Action Committee - Page 4723503094
Land Cover ClassificationNEW REGIONAL HIGH-RESOLUTION LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION
Josephine ClarkREGIONAL PLANNER, PARKS, PLANNING & ENVIRONMENTClimate Action Committee October 4, 2017
5.4
Climate Action Committee - Page 48
Land Cover Extents
Climate Action Committee - Page 49
Multi-Spectral Satellite Imagery
and LiDAR
Climate Action Committee - Page 50
Outputs
LiDAR – 2m Hybrid – 5m
Climate Action Committee - Page 51
• 3-level hierarchy• 14 final classes• Overall accuracy =
87% (hybrid)
Classes and Accuracy
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Built-Up Buildings
Paved
Other Built
Bare Barren
Soil
Vegetation Tree Canopy Coniferous
Deciduous
Shrub
Grass-Herb Natural
Modified
Non-photosyntheticvegetation
Water
Shadow
Clouds/IceClimate Action Committee - Page 52
Comparison – 5m hybrid and orthophoto
5m hybrid Orthophoto
Climate Action Committee - Page 53
Urban area (1:3,000)Climate Action Committee - Page 54
Effect of LiDAR
5m – no LiDAR 2m – with LiDAR
Climate Action Committee - Page 55
Limitations• Snapshot in time
• Class confusion
• Small features missed
• Canopy model
Climate Action Committee - Page 56
Canopy modelClimate Action Committee - Page 57
Applications• Planning – land use, stormwater
management, drinking water resource management
• Air emission inventorying
• Ecosystem mapping
• Indicators and monitoring
• Ecosystem services assessment
Climate Action Committee - Page 58
Ecosystem connectivity: Pacific wren (DRAFT)
dPCconnect
Low
Climate Action Committee - Page 59
Landscape indicators of aquatic ecosystem health
Example of 30m riparian zone Example of selected watershed
Climate Action Committee - Page 60
Next Steps
• Change methodology• Measures
• Canopy cover• Impermeability
• Assessment of further ecosystem services
Climate Action Committee - Page 61
Questions?
Climate Action Committee - Page 6223502401