Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native...
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![Page 1: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Clicks in Ndebele
An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native
speakers
© Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to handle speech]
![Page 2: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Hypothesis
Believing that it is a problem for non-native speakers of Ndebele to produce the typical click sounds, we decided to take a closer look into the range of
difficulty dependent on the position(ing) of the click, i.e. whether it occurs in the initial position or non- initial position of a word and which vowel follows it
![Page 3: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Research
• We concentrated only on the acoustic features of click production
• Some people were asked to repeat the recordings of the original sounds
• Later we compared the recordings to the original sounds
![Page 4: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Clicks in Ndebele
Alveolar clicks:
• 1st word “iqala” to begin • 2nd word “kuyaqhanda” it is cold• 3rd word “qalisa” to start• 4th word “qhedisa” to finish
![Page 5: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Clicks in Ndebele
Alveolar lateral clicks:
• 5th word “ixoxo” frog• 6th word “xabana” to argue or fight• 7th word “xholani” to forgive
![Page 6: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Some Examples
“iqala” spoken by Nils
“kuyaqhanda” spoken by Dennis
“qalisa” spoken by Morten
“qhedisa” spoken by Elke
“ixoxo” spoken by Dennis
“xabana” spoken by Stephen
“xholani” spoken by Morten
![Page 7: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
“kuyaqhanda” [native]originally recorded by niki
![Page 8: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
“kuyaqhanda” [non-native]originally recorded by stephen
![Page 9: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
“qalisa” [native]originally recorded by nikelwa
![Page 10: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
“qalisa” [non-native]originally recorded by morten
![Page 11: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
“ixoxo” [native]originally recorded by nikelwa
![Page 12: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
“ixoxo” [non-native]originally recorded by dennis
![Page 13: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
“xabana” [native]originally recorded by nikelwa
![Page 14: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
“xabana” [non-native]originally recorded by morten
![Page 15: Clicks in Ndebele An acoustic research on the production of Ndebele click-sounds by non-native speakers © Nikelwa, Thorsten and Dennis [WS 02/03 How to.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081421/56649d545503460f94a30533/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Results
• Delay between click and rest of word• A variety of problems in coordinating the production
of ‘clicks’ and breathing• Rather long break due to the ‘switch’ from the click to
the vowel in ones head • Non-native speaker’s brains are not trained to
produce the click in a word context, therefore it is easier to produce clicks in the initial position
• It is only possible to learn how to produce the ‘pure’ clicks if one not only learns the language as a child, but also speaks it