Cleaner Air For All Green Week 2013€¦ · 4 The reference levels in brackets are in µg/m3 except...
16
Paul McAleavey European Environment Agency Air quality in Europe – status, trends and impacts Cleaner Air For All Green Week 2013
Transcript of Cleaner Air For All Green Week 2013€¦ · 4 The reference levels in brackets are in µg/m3 except...
Paul McAleavey European Environment Agency
Air quality in Europe
– status, trends and impacts
Cleaner Air For All
Green Week 2013
2
2013 report
Autumn this year … 3rd annual Air Quality in Europe Report of EEA
3
4
The reference levels in brackets are in µg/m3 except for BaP in ng/m3 and CO in mg/m3
Percentage of the urban population in the EU exposed to air pollutant concentrations above the EU and WHO reference levels (2009 to 2011)
Pollutant EU reference value Exposure estimate (%) WHO AQG Exposure estimate (%)
PM2.5 year (20) 20 – 31 year (10) 91 – 96
PM10 day (50) 22 – 23 year (20) 85 – 88
O3 8-hour (120) 14 – 18 8-hour (100) 97 – 98
NO2 year (40) 5 – 13 year (40) 5 – 13
BaP year (1 ng/m3) 22 – 30 year (0.12 ng/m3) 75 – 94
SO2 day (125) 0 day (20) 46 – 54
CO 8-hour (10) 0 – 2 8-hour (10) 0 – 2
Pb year (0.5) < 1 year (0.5) < 1
Benzene year (5) 0 year (1.7) 12 – 13
Colour coding: < 5% 5-50% 50-75% > 75%
0
20
40
60
80
100
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
0
20
40
60
80
100
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
5
Particulate matter
EU air quality standards
WHO air quality guidelines
Percentage of the EU’s urban population exposed to PM10 exceeding
PM10 concentration
88 %
In orange and red: above EU limit values to be met by 2005
33 %
0
20
40
60
80
100
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
0
20
40
60
80
100
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
6
Ground-level ozone
Percentage of the EU’s urban population exposed to O3 exceeding
Ozone concentration
14 %
98 %
EU air quality standards
WHO air quality guidelines
In red and dark red: above EU target value to be met by 2010
0
20
40
60
80
100
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
0
20
40
60
80
100
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
7
Nitrogen dioxide
Percentage of the EU’s urban population exposed to NO2 exceeding
NO2 concentration
5 %
WHO air quality guidelines
EU air quality standards
In red and dark red: above EU limit value to be met by 2010
5 %
0
20
40
60
80
100
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
0
20
40
60
80
100
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
8
Sulphur dioxide
Percentage of EU’s urban population exposed to SO2 exceeding
SO2 concentration
0 %
In red and dark red: above EU limit value to be met by 2005
EU air quality standards
WHO air quality guidelines
46 %
9
Heavy metals
arsenic cadmium
lead nickel
10
Benzo(a)pyrene
In red: above EU target value to be met by 2013
11
Concentration changes in the EU for major pollutants
Pollutant EU reference value
Traffic Urban Rural
PM10 year (40) - 0.9 - 0.6 - 0.5
O3 8-hour (120)
- 0.2 - 0.9 - 1.1
NO2 year (40) - 0.5 - 0.4 - 0.2
Negative numbers of the changes indicate improvements in air quality over the past decade.
Reference values and concentration changes per year over the last decade are given in µg/m3.
12
Mapping of concentration changes in NO2 annual mean (2002-2011)
In red: increasing concentrations
In green: decreasing concentrations
Slow overall improvement and increasing concentrations in some MS! More information in the upcoming Air Quality in Europe report
Concluding remarks • Almost one third of Europe's city dwellers are exposed to excessive
concentrations of airborne particulate matter (PM).
• Emissions of the main air pollutants in Europe declined during the last decade, resulting, for some of the pollutants, in improved air quality. But there has been little improvement in concentrations of the major pollutants. And the picture across Europe is not uniform.
• Several air pollutants also have a potential impact on the planet's climate and climate change in the short term.
13
eea.europa.eu
Paul McAleavey, EEA
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Smart solutions depends on strong cooperation
EU-27 emission trends for the main pollutants
Source: European Union emission inventory report 1990–2011 to UNECE LRTAP Convention (EEA 2013, in preparation)
16
NO2, trend annual eman
-10.0
-7.5
-5.0
-2.5
0.0
2.5
5.0urban traffic rural other
Variability in concentration changes – NO2 annual mean
µg/m3/year
Average decrease in concentrations
Increase in concentrations
