Clean vehicles & Fuels in Stockholm · •Cadillac BLS Sedan/Kombi •Chevrolet Uplander 7sitts...

Clean Clean Clean vehiclesvehiclesvehicles & & & FuelsFuelsFuels

in Stockholmin Stockholmin Stockholm

Jonas Ericson

Clean Vehicles in

Stockholm

Clean Vehicles in Stockholm

”The improvement in city conditions by the

general adoption of the motor car can hardly

be overestimated.

Streets clean, dustless and odourless, with

light rubber-tyred vehicles moving swiftly

and noiselessly over their smooth expanse,

would eliminate a great deal of the nervosity,

irritation and stress in modern city-life”

Scientific American, May 1899

CLEAN VEHICLES IN STOCKHOLMENVIRONMENT & HEALTH ADMwww.miljobilar.stockholm.se



1. Introduce the vehicles on the market– National Electric Vehicle – Renault Clio 150 cars

– International Electric Vehicles – Citroën Berlingo 350 cars

– National Ethanol car – Ford Focus 3,000

– National Ethanol Van – VW Caddy

– National Electric Vehicle procurement – several models – 6,000 cars/vans

2.Buy your own vehicles– National Municipal Vehicle – 5,000 clean cars

– National Municipal Vehicle – X,000 clean cars

– Own Municipal Vehicle – 900 clean cars

Procurements



3. Make others buy– Taxi for municipal officers/politicians

– Passenger transport – schools, handicapped, elderly etc

– Waste collection

– Organic waste collection

– Security service

– Courier service

Procurements


© 2005, Carl Bro AB - sida 8 - 19 jul -11

The Berlingo procurement



Specification: – electric or hybrid-electric – range 80 km BEV, 40 km in battery mode HEV

International group of buyers through the ZEUS project Citroën Berlingo Electrique + Fiat Seicento Elettra were

selected plus Peugeot 106 Electric for UK – 1st EV in UK

Battery leasing was a new concept

In total 350 vehicles.

Price excl batteries conventional vehicles

Some problems with batteries and spare parts but all in all a

functional vehicle

The Berlingo procurement (1997 --99)



The Focus procurement



The Focus procurement (1998 - 2002)

Specification: – Medium sized E85-vehicle– fulfill Euro 4-standard

Volvo and Ford interested Volvo did not tender (limited experience made it too risky) Ford required orders of at least 4 000 vehicles City of Stockholm started a campaign to join buyers In the end 3,000 buyers registered = OK from Ford Ford Focus flexifuel introduced on Swedish market Price € 550 below the petrol version



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1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Elhybrider Gas E85 Elbilar Snåla

Number of clean car models in Sweden

1994-2008Källa: Miljöbilar i Stockholm och Konsumentverket



SIDAN 13

No of Clean Cars in Stockholm

0

20 000

40 000

60 000

80 000

100 000

120 000

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Ethanol

Biogas

Hybrid electric

Small Petrol&Diesel



Ethanol cars in Sweden

Cars:

• Audi A3, A4

• Cadillac BLS Sedan/Kombi

• Chevrolet Uplander 7sitts

• Citroen C4, C5 Sedan/Kombi

• Dodge Journey 7

• Ford Focus Sedan/Combisedan/kombi, C-Max, S-Max, Galaxy

• Peugeot 307, 308 Combisedan/Kombi, 407 Sedan/Kombi

• Renault Clio, Megane Combisedan/Kombi, Kangoo kombi/skåp

• Seat Altea, Altea XL, Leon

• Skoda Octavia Sedan/Kombi

• Saab 9-5 Sedan/kombi, 9-3 Sedan/Kombi

• Volkswagen Golf Combisedan/Kombi, Golf Plus, Jetta, Caddy

• Volvo C30, S40, V50, V70, S80

• Mitsubishi Colt & Outlander

• Skoda Superb

• Dacia

http://www.miljofordon.se/fordon/detail.aspx?fordonid=564



Biomethane cars in Sweden

Cars:

• VW Caddy Ecofuel• VW Touran Ecofuel• VW Transporter• Renault Kangoo• Opel Combo CNG• Opel Zafira CNG• Fiat Doblo Cargo• Fiat Punto Bi-Power• Mercedes E200 NGT• Mercedes B170 NGT• IVECO Daily CNG• Citroen C3 CNG• Citroen C5• Fiat Ducato & Grande Punto

• VW Passat Man & Caddy Maxi

• Opel Zafira Turbo CNG



Electric hybrid cars in Sweden

• Toyota Prius HSD

• Peugeot 308 Hdi

• Honda Civic Hybrid



Filling stations for E85 in Sweden 2001- 2008

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2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008



Procurement setup A formal technical procurement of BEVs and PHEVS

Slightly different rules for public and private procurers

1. Testfleet of 50 vehicles in 2011

2. Procurement

3. First 1 000 vehicles get 25 % co-funding of incremental cost

4. Co-funded cars evaluated on driving range, battery durability,

capacity, actual E-drive etc

Total budget 248 mio SEK ( 25 mio €)

National funding 62 mio SEK ( 6.5 mio €)

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Who are the buyers?

303 entities registred to buy one or several EVs!

– 247 public entities

– 56 private companies

1,370 vehicles/year for 3+1 year = 4,000 – 5,500 total

– 870 by public entities

• 570 passenger cars +300 transporters

– 500 by private companies

• 300 passenger cars + 200 transporters

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Clean vehicles & Fuels in Stockholm · •Cadillac BLS Sedan/Kombi •Chevrolet Uplander 7sitts...

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