Clean Cities / 1 Alternative Fuel Opportunities Ahead Alleyn Harned Virginia Clean Cities.
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Transcript of Clean Cities / 1 Alternative Fuel Opportunities Ahead Alleyn Harned Virginia Clean Cities.
Clean Cities / 1
Alternative Fuel Opportunities Ahead
Alleyn Harned
Alleyn HarnedVirginia Clean Cities
Clean Cities / 2
• Opportunity of alternative fuels – Jobs, security, environment, choice
• Governor signs legislation and Executive Order beginning transition of state vehicles to alternative fuel on July 12, 2011
• Millions in investment for alternative fuels at state level
• Nation’s largest propane autogas deployment project
• Comprehensive EV planning effort statewide and in Richmond
• 3rd party sales for electricity for Evs and nighttime off peak rates
Alternative Fuels
Virginia Alternate Fuel Leadership - McDonnell
Clean Cities / 3
• Carbon Monoxide (CO) – Cardiovascular disease, damage nervous system 56-95% of US CO
is emitted by vehicles
• Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) – Respiratory damage – autism link - 55% from vehicles
• Particulate Matter (PM) – Aggravate asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, heart disease,
lung disease, water pollution – directly from vehicles
• Ozone – Smog – reduce lung function
• Greenhouse Gases (GHGs)– Global pollutant, CO2
most abundant
WHY - Health and Environment
Clean Cities / 4
• Rising Petroleum Prices U.S. Owns 2-3% of world oil reserves
U.S. Uses 25% of worlds oil
• Volatility of Petroleum Market– 2013 highest fuel costs on record in U.S. – Significant production domestically, but 50% imports
• Survey Finds 62% of Fleet Managers Plan to Purchase More Fuel-Efficient Vehicles in 2013
– 70% of respondents think fuel cost may go up in 2013
• CHOICE
Oil Dependence
Clean Cities / 5
Reducing Petroleum ConsumptionPetroleum = most consumed energy source in U.S.
About half of petroleum used is importedU.S. spends
$1 million per minute on petroleum$Nearly one billion per day on petroleum imports$297 billion per year on petroleum imports
VA transportation 99 % petroleum - gasoline diesel$13.4 billion a year in VA on petroleum for transportation Statistically, 100% of our oil is out of state (99.98%)
90,758,000 barrels imported, 12,000 produced (2011 EIA)
$35 million a day leaves the Commonwealth
Oil Dependence
Clean Cities / 6
Figure 2: Primary energy consumption by Source and Sector
Clean Cities / 7
33 State Picture
Texas
Feder
al Offs
hore
P3
North
Dak
ota
Alaska
Califo
rnia
Oklaho
ma
New M
exico
Louis
iana
Wyo
ming
Colora
do
Kansa
sUta
h
Mon
tana
Miss
issipp
i
Feder
al Offs
hore
P5
Alabam
a
Illino
is
Mich
igan
Arkan
sas
Penns
ylvan
iaOhio
India
na
Wes
t Virg
inia
Kentu
cky
Florida
Nebra
ska
South
Dak
ota
Nevad
a
New Y
ork
Tenne
ssee
Miss
ouri
Arizon
a
Virgini
a0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
U.S. Oil Production Monthly Thousand Barrels (Oct 2012, EIA)
Clean Cities / 8
Platinum Level Sponsors & Strategic Partners
One designated statewide Coalition in Virginia - since 1996
501c3 not-for-profit & James Madison University partnership
Supported by stakeholder members, DOE, DMME, and grants
Managing alt fuel deployment and education programs on behalf of governments, fleets, and other stakeholders
Strategies:• Partner with States & Local Organizations, Public and Private fleets• Provide Outreach, Education, & Information Resources• Facilitate Infrastructure Development• Provide Technical & Financial Assistance
Virginia Clean Cities Snapshot
Clean Cities / 9
CNG E85 HEV Elec Biod LPG
010002000300040005000600070008000
1301
7058
1665
130
4620
430
Virginia Alternate Fuel Fleet Vehicles 2012
Alternative Fuels: What’s Included ?
Technology Portfolio – Assistance of VA Clean Cities:• Alternative (non-petroleum) Fuels & Vehicles
• Biodiesel, Ethanol, Hydrogen, Electric, Propane, Natural Gas • Advanced Vehicles (e.g., HEVs, PHEVs) • Vehicles and Driver Choices that Increase Fuel Economy• Idle Reduction
2012 Green Fleet effort9.2 million gasoline gallon equivalent reduced70,000 tons of GHG reduction
Virginia’s Growing Alt Fuel Effort286 Alt Fuel Stations (+100 in ‘12)80 fleets with Alt Fuel Vehicles15,206 Alt Fuel Fleet Vehicles
Clean Cities / 10
http://www.afdc.energy.gov/locator/
Clean Cities / 11
http://www.afdc.energy.gov/locator/
Clean Cities / 12
Biodiesel
• Biodiesel – 4,620 vehicles, 36 stations in VA– Renewable fuel produced by processing vegetable and animal fats– Often blended with diesel at levels from 5% to 20% biodiesel– Works with practically any diesel engine, little/no modification– Three active producers in Virginia, made around 2 million gallons
Clean Cities / 13
Ethanol and E85
• Ethanol - E85 – 7058 fleet vehicles, 22 stations (13 public) in VA – A renewable alcohol fuel, blended with gasoline– 10% ethanol can be used in most vehicles without modification– 15% blends OK for 2001 and up vehicles– E85 –85% blended with 15% gasoline– Compatible with 9 million Flex Fuel cars on the roads today
• ½ of Ford and GM’s lineup
Clean Cities / 14
LPG – Propane -Autogas
• Propane – LPG - Autogas• LPG, 70 stations, 430 vehicles• Inexpensive Fuel ($2.21/gal)• Save $1 to $2 a gallon• Vehicles run on propane, tanks are
higher capacity than your home grill, but same fuel• 85% of propane is domestic resource• Get autogas rate, not grill rate
Clean Cities / 15
Natural Gas
• Natural Gas, 1300 fleet vehicles, 17 stations in Virginia• Vehicle runs on compressed or liquid natural gas from pressurized tank• Fewer emissions, and 75% less nitrogen oxides• Local domestic fuel - $2.39 is recent public price in Richmond VA• Potential for landfill renewable gas projects (95% fewer emissions)• Bi-Monthly calls with state regional project reports - great interest • New stations (Richmond, Dulles, Norfolk, Chesapeake VA)
Clean Cities / 16
Electric
Three groups of EVs: Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) Battery-powered electric vehicles (BEVs)
All EVs utilize electric motors and energy storage systems
Each type offers different advantages Battery life, charge time Electricity production may still produce emissions EV battery/tech price vs. conventional vehicle price
Clean Cities / 17
Clean Cities Web Resources
Clean Cities AFDC
FuelEconomy.gov