Clean Air Act Update

A&WMA Kentucky Chapter

Sean Alteri, Director

Kentucky Division for Air Quality

April 20, 2016

To Protect and Enhance Kentucky’s Environment

Kentucky Division for Air Quality

• Organization Changes • 2015 Ozone NAAQS • Clean Power Plan Updates • Ozone Transport Proposed Rules • Transportation Conformity

Organizational changes

Air Quality in Kentucky

8-hour Ozone (2008)

• Standard 75 ppb • May 21, 2012 Northern Kentucky designated as

marginal nonattainment • Area had 3 years to reach attainment, redesignation

request due by July 20, 2015. • August 27, 2015 EPA proposed ruling that the

Northern Kentucky area attained the standard by the July 20, 2015 attainment date based on certified ozone monitoring data for 2012-2014.

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8-hour Ozone (2015)

• On October 1, 2015, EPA strengthened the national ambient air quality standards for ground-level ozone from 75 to 70 ppb for both the primary and secondary standards.

• State recommendations due October 2016. • Final designations October 2017. • Depending on the severity of their ozone problem,

areas would have until between 2020 and 2037 to meet the standards.

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Ozone Monitoring Data

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2/2/16

2012 2013 2014

Bowling Green-Glasgow, KY MSA 1454021-061-0501 0.081 0.063 0.065 0.063 0.069 0.06321-227-0008 0.058 * x x x x x21-227-0009 0.079 * 0.060 0.063 0.061 0.067* 0.061

1714021-037-3002 0.084 0.072 0.071 0.071 0.075 0.07121-015-0003 0.074 0.059 0.062 0.062 0.065 0.061

1730021-047-0006 0.075 0.062 0.065 0.060 0.067 0.06221-221-9991 0.078 0.064 0.066 0.060 0.069 0.063

2106021-093-0006 0.079 0.062 0.062 0.066 0.067* 0.063

2178021-101-0014 0.087 0.066 0.069 0.067 0.074 0.067

2658021-019-0017 0.074 0.065 0.065 0.069 0.068 0.06621-089-0007 0.076 0.060 0.061 0.066 0.065 0.062

3046021-067-0012 0.078 0.060 0.065 0.071 0.067 0.06521-113-0001 0.077 0.061 0.064 0.066 0.067 0.063

3114021-029-0006 0.080 0.064 0.065 0.067 0.069 0.06521-185-0004 0.092 0.064 0.068 0.073 0.074 0.068

3318021-013-0002 0.066 0.058 0.062 0.059 0.062 0.059

3698021-059-0005 0.087 0.066 0.064 0.065 0.072 0.06521-091-0012 0.081 0.063 0.066 0.071 0.070 0.066

3714021-139-0003 0.087 0.065 0.065 0.063 0.072 0.06421-145-1024 0.087 0.064 0.065 0.063 0.072 0.064

4370021-199-0003 0.075 0.061 0.063 0.062 0.066 0.062

21-043-0500 0.071 0.062 0.060 0.061 0.064 0.06121-175-9991 0.070 0.058 0.064 0.064 0.064 0.06221-193-0003 0.070 0.058 0.061 0.057 0.063 0.05821-195-0002 0.068 0.055 0.063 0.058 0.062 0.05821-213-0004 0.071 0.059 0.063 0.067 0.064 0.06321-229-9991 0.076 0.064 0.065 0.064 0.068 0.064

x= no data exists

Pike, PikevilleSimpson, FranklinWashington, Harrodsburg (CASTNET)

Not in a CBSACarter, Grayson LakeMorgan, W. Liberty (CASTNET)

Owensboro, KY MSA

Perry, Hazard

Livingston, SmithlandMcCracken, JPRECCSomerset, KY MicroSAPulaski, Somerset Gas Storage

2015 Summary of Preliminary Ozone (O3) Data (ppm)-- KY & Cross-State CBSAs

*** 2015 Data is preliminary and is subject to change. Suitable for internal use only.***

***Please obtain an AQS report for public release. ***

Ozone: KY & CBSAs Excel Revised:

CBSA/Location

Oldham, Buckner

Daviess, OwensboroHancock, LewisportPaducah-Mayfield, KY-IN MicroSA

Bullitt, Shepherdsville

Lexington-Fayette, KY MSA

Middlesboro, KY MicroSABell, Middlesboro Airport

Cincinnati-Middleton, OH-KY-IN MSACampbell, NKU PrimaryBoone, East Bend

Trigg, Cadiz (CASTNET)Elizabethtown-Ft. Knox, KY MSAHardin, E-townEvansville, IN-KY MSA

Clarksville, TN-KY MSAChristian, Hopkinsville POC2

Henderson, BaskettHuntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OHBoyd, FIVCOGreenup, Worthington

Fayette, NewtownJessamine, NicholasvilleLouisville-Jefferson Cnty, KY-IN MSA

Final DV: Annual 4th

Highest Daily Max 8-Hr

Avg

AQS ID

Prelim 2015:

4th Highest

Daily Max

8-Hr Avg *

2012-2014 Final:

3-Yr Avg of 4th

Highest Daily Max 8-

Hr Avgs

2013-2015 Prelim:

3-Yr Avg of 4th

Highest Daily Max 8-

Hr Avgs *

Edmonson, Mammoth Cave (NPS)Warren, Oakland ElementaryWarren, Smiths Grove

*= incomplete datasetxx= collected data not yet available

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Boone Co

Kenton CoCampbell Co

Potential Nonattainment Areas 2015 Ozone

Northern Kentucky VOC

Point Area Non-hwy Mobile TotalBoone-2011 1.73 2.66 1.49 3.3 9.18Boone-2014 1.73 2.56 1.3 2.53 8.12Campbell-2011 0.22 1.29 0.4 2.05 3.96Campbell-2014 0.22 1.26 0.34 1.58 3.4Kenton-2011 0.51 2.51 0.62 3.12 6.76Kenton-2014 0.51 2.43 0.55 2.39 5.88

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Day

2008 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area

Projected VOC Emissions

Northern Kentucky NOx

Point Area Non-hwy Mobile TotalBoone - 2011 7.19 0.43 1.06 6.9 15.58Boone - 2014 7.37 0.43 0.88 5.46 14.14Campbell - 2011 0.17 0.49 0.38 4.3 5.34Campbell - 2014 0.17 0.49 0.32 3.41 4.39Kenton - 2011 0.01 1.02 0.77 6.53 8.33Kenton - 2014 0.01 1.02 0.64 5.17 6.84

02468

1012141618

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Day

2008 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area

Projected NOx Emissions

Clean Power Plan Update

• Governor’s press release • Cabinet comments

– 111(b) comments (4/22/14) – Modified/Reconstructed (10/16/14) – 111(d) comments (11/26/14) – Federal plan and model rule comments (1/21/16)

• Legal actions

Clean Power Plan Update

• Governor’s press release • 111(d) Initial Submittal due 9/6/16

– Must contain: • Identification of final plan approach or approaches

under consideration and a description of progress made to date on the final plan components;

• Explanation as to why more time is needed; and • Demonstration or description of opportunity for

public comment and meaningful engagement with stakeholders, including vulnerable communities

Clean Power Plan Update

• Cabinet comments on Proposed Federal Plan – Serious Economic Impacts – Lack of ability for meaningful comment and

adequate public participation – Missing information critical to the rulemaking – Improperly expands statutory authority through

regulatory action – Creates regulatory uncertainty

Clean Power Plan Update

• Legal actions • Application for Administrative Stay filed on 8/5/15

– 1/21/16-Petition for Stay denied by the D.C. Circuit Court – 1/27/16 - Both sets of Petitioners have applied to the Supreme Court

for discretionary review of denial of the stay – 2/4/16 – EPA deadline to respond to state’s stay application

• Petition for Reconsideration filed on 12/21/15

– EPA’s final 111(d) rule

Ozone Transport Proposed Rule

• Cross State Air Pollution Rule (CSAPR) • Originally designed for the 1997 PM2.5 and 1997

Ozone NAAQS • Proposed update to address transport for the 2008

Ozone NAAQS • Determine upwind states and their contributions to

nonattainment areas or interference with maintenance areas

• Proposal only controls emissions from EGUs

Ozone Transport Proposed Rule

• Kentucky comments submitted on the Proposed CSAPR Updated for the 2008 Ozone NAAQS on February 1, 2016: – Seriously flawed due to EPA use of inaccurate

data and modeling assumptions – Fails to account for significant emission

reductions and improvements that have already occurred

Transportation Conformity

• Required by the Clean Air Act Section 176(c) • Serves as a bridge to connect air quality and

transportation planning activities. • Ensures that federal funding and approval are

given to highway and transit projects that conform to the air quality goals established by the State Implementation Plan (SIP).

Transportation Conformity

• Encourages cooperation among various governmental entities and can lead to implementation of new and innovative transportation projects and air pollution control measures.

• 401 KAR 50:066. Conformity of Transportation Plans, Programs, and Project. – All transportation plans, transportation improvement

plans, and projects subject to 40 CFR 93, Subpart A, must conform to KY’s SIP prior to implementation.

Transportation Conformity

• Transportation Conformity Reviews are sent to Interagency Consultation (IAC) members for review and comment. – PM2.5 Hotspot Analyses – Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)/Transportation

Plan (TP) Amendment Reviews Year PM2.5 Hotspot Reviews TIP/TP Amendment Reviews

2011 86 11 2012 39 7 2013 48 7 2014 84 6 2015 286 12

Totals 543 43

CMAQ Program

• Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program – Provides flexible funding to State and local

governments for transportation projects or programs to help meet CAA obligations

– Applies to ozone, carbon monoxide (CO) , particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) nonattainment and maintenance areas

– Increased focus on addressing PM2.5

Contact Information

Sean Alteri, Director

Kentucky Division for Air Quality 200 Fair Oaks Lane, 1st Floor Frankfort, KY 40601-1403

Sean.Alteri@ky.gov (502) 564-3999 ext.4400