Claudia Marinica - Supporting Semantic Interoperability in Conservation-Restoration Domain: The...

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Supporting Semantic Interoperability in Conservation-Restoration Domain: The PARCOURS project (2013-now) Claudia Marinica 1 and Cheikh Niang 1, 2 1 ETIS Lab - ENSEA / University of Cergy-Pontoise / CNRS 8051 2 Research Laboratory for Historical Monuments / LRMH - CRC - USR 3224 [email protected]

Transcript of Claudia Marinica - Supporting Semantic Interoperability in Conservation-Restoration Domain: The...

Supporting Semantic Interoperability in Conservation-Restoration Domain: The PARCOURS project (2013-now)

Claudia Marinica1 and Cheikh Niang1, 2

1ETIS Lab - ENSEA / University of Cergy-Pontoise / CNRS 8051 2Research Laboratory for Historical Monuments / LRMH - CRC - USR 3224

[email protected]

Ø  C2RMF (French Museum’s Research and Restoration Center) §  Research, restoration and archiving for museums’ artifacts

Ø  ETIS Lab – ENSEA/University of Cergy-Pontoise/CNRS 8051 (Equipes Traitement de l'Information et Systèmes) §  Computer Science research in:

§  Data Integration (Semantic Web, Linked Open Data, etc.) §  Data Analysis (Data Mining e.g. visitors’ trajectories, Online Social

Networks Analysis, etc.)

Ø  LRMH (Research Laboratory for Historical Monuments) §  Conservation-restoration of monuments

Ø  CRCC (Research Center of the Conservation of Collections) §  Conservation of books, photos, leather objects, etc.

The project was funded for 3 years by the French Heritage Science Foundation, Excellence Laboratory PATRIMA, and for the 4th year it will be funded by the French Ministry of Culture.

E  Provide an unified global access to data related to techniques and practices in conservation-restoration processes

E  Facilitate the knowledge exchange in conservation-restoration domain, without moving the data held by the conservation-restoration actors in a more centralized location, nor by merging the internal schemas of involved data in a uniform common one

LRMH

C2RMF

CRCC

Interface

Ø  Conservation-restoration process v  Achievement of scientific studies

(examination, diagnosis, observation, analysis, etc.);

v  Cooperation between different actors operating in different domains (conservators/restorers, scientific researchers, archivists, etc.);

v  Clear understanding of the cultural object and its intrinsic properties (typology, shape, dimensions, material constitution, etc.);

v  Careful study of the context (location, environment conditions, conservation state or degradation, etc.) and history (origin, phenomena and experienced events, etc.) of the cultural object;

v  An ability to detect interactions that rise among these elements.

Ø Databases Heterogeneity o Cultural Heritage laboratories with different specificities o Databases developed with different requirements o Conservation-restoration data recorded with different formats as well as

different conceptual and structural methods

Ø  Lack of semantic power o Database structures focusing mainly at the syntactical level: relational, semi-

structured (XML annotated documents) or unstructured (texts or images)

Ø  Terminology heterogeneity o  Difficult to reach an agreement on a “clear and consistent” terminology o Difficult to connect databases while avoiding ambiguity, since terms used for

describing the recorded conservation-restoration data may have different meanings and different lexical values in different databases

Building a ontological model intended to capture the existing data semantics, and to provide a unified understanding of conservation- restoration data

Anchoring the involved sources to the ontological model

Building a query-answering process allowing to get information from the different conservation-restoration semantic databases, through the ontological model

Ontology-Based Data Integration System for Conservation-Restoration (OBDIS-CR)

PARCOURS ontological model is composed of a triple Op=⟨(Ot,Oc),Ter⟩ where:

– The couple (Ot,Oc)is composed by, respectively, a top-level ontology Ot (CIDOC-CRM), and a core ontology Oc (PARCOURS core). PARCOURS core ontology is connected to the CRM_sci for representing at a very fine level of granularity the specificities of scientific observations.

– Ter consists of a set of domain-specific thesauri (controlled vocabulary terms) intended to provide an unambiguous conservation-restoration terminology.

PARCOURS Ontological Model

Ø Thank you, Achille, for so well presenting CIDOC-CRM yesterday! J

Ø CRM_sci (“Scien&ficObserva)onModel”) integratesmetadataaboutscien)ficobserva)on,measurementsandprocesseddataindescrip)veandempiricalsciences

Ø Snapshot from the ontological model

Concept from CIDOC-CRM

Concept from CRM SCIENCE

Concept from PARCOURS

Ø Anchoring the sources to the global ontology Ø Each participating source is autonomous and stores its data

without changing its internal formatsØ Each participating source must build a conceptual representation

of its data, at least for the part that should contribute to the integration process

Ø Each source is free to choose the method to bring its data to its local semantic database –  Whether possible by using suitable existing tools: e.g. Ontop [Bagosi et al.

2014] –  Otherwise by implementing its own ad hoc algorithm according to its

database format –  Regardless the solution chosen by a source, the generated repository must

be updated and conceptually sound with respect to the PARCOURS global ontology

Different Actors and/or applications

R2ML Mappings A

P I

Json

ad hoc algorithm

ONTOP ETL

Query Processing Engine

Sparql EndPoint Sparql EndPoint

Relationnal Database

Sesame

RDF Repository

….

Source1 Sourcen

PARCOURS global Ontology

Request

RDF Repository

Response

Thank you for your attention!