Claude Akpabie Programme Specialist UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal
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Transcript of Claude Akpabie Programme Specialist UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal
UNESCOINSTITUTE for STATISTICS
Initial results of the UIS/IFLA/ISO pilot survey Initial results of the UIS/IFLA/ISO pilot survey on library statistics in Latin America and the on library statistics in Latin America and the
Caribbean countries Caribbean countries Montreal, August 2008Montreal, August 2008
Claude AkpabieProgramme Specialist
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
OutlineOutline
Introduction of UIS roleIntroduction of UIS role
Context and rationale of the pilot survey in Context and rationale of the pilot survey in the LACthe LAC
Overview on the survey resultsOverview on the survey results
Preliminary conclusionsPreliminary conclusions
Prospects: initial thoughts for partners Prospects: initial thoughts for partners considerationconsideration
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
The mandate of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)The mandate of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)
The main UThe main United Nations entity nited Nations entity responsible for:responsible for:
Collecting Collecting cross-nationally comparablecross-nationally comparable statistics on statistics on ALLALL countries to monitor progress towards international goals countries to monitor progress towards international goals in Education, Science and technology, in Education, Science and technology, Culture and Culture and CommunicationCommunication;;
Developing appropriate methodologies for new indicators Developing appropriate methodologies for new indicators and improvement of existing indicators;and improvement of existing indicators;
BBuilding capacities of countries for data collection, use uilding capacities of countries for data collection, use and analysis through training and advisory services;and analysis through training and advisory services;
Dissemination of cross-national data, indicators and Dissemination of cross-national data, indicators and analytical reports to inform international policy analytical reports to inform international policy development and monitoring.development and monitoring.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
Context and rationale of the pilot survey in the LACContext and rationale of the pilot survey in the LAC
LLibraries in global policy frameworks as key agents in the ibraries in global policy frameworks as key agents in the knowledge creation, dissemination/sharing/usage and knowledge creation, dissemination/sharing/usage and preservation chain and as promoters of information literacy and preservation chain and as promoters of information literacy and culture in general:culture in general: Public Library Manifesto (1994): public libraries as a living force for Public Library Manifesto (1994): public libraries as a living force for
education, culture and information, and for building peace and welfareeducation, culture and information, and for building peace and welfare
The School Library Manifesto (1999): school libraries and resource centres as The School Library Manifesto (1999): school libraries and resource centres as key enablers for education and lifelong learningkey enablers for education and lifelong learning
UNESCO/IFAP, EFA, UN/MDGs, WSIS goals…UNESCO/IFAP, EFA, UN/MDGs, WSIS goals…
Previous initiatives and lessons learntPrevious initiatives and lessons learnt More developed countries reflective returns while education and information More developed countries reflective returns while education and information
literacy gaps are rather acute or challenging in the developing worldliteracy gaps are rather acute or challenging in the developing world
Coverage issues (missing or unvailable data, incomplete sector coverage, Coverage issues (missing or unvailable data, incomplete sector coverage, etc)etc)
Comparability issues (national definitions not always ISO compliant)Comparability issues (national definitions not always ISO compliant)
Leading to weak data quality or policy irrelevant data due mainly to Leading to weak data quality or policy irrelevant data due mainly to fragmented national statistical infrastructurefragmented national statistical infrastructure
The choice for LAC countriesThe choice for LAC countries An opportunity to test the newly revised ISO 2789An opportunity to test the newly revised ISO 2789
A hope for an improved developing world status on libraries statistics culture A hope for an improved developing world status on libraries statistics culture which could trigger a potential resumption of UNESCO World Survey on which could trigger a potential resumption of UNESCO World Survey on LibrariesLibraries
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
Overview on the survey results: Overview on the survey results: response ratesresponse rates Overall response rate of 63% (26 out of 4) countries Overall response rate of 63% (26 out of 4) countries
surveyed (nil response from Bolivia)surveyed (nil response from Bolivia)
Few data on number of hiFew data on number of higher education institutions gher education institutions libraries (14 countries) compared to public libraries (25 libraries (14 countries) compared to public libraries (25 countries)countries)
Data largely unavailable on items such as: e-resources, Data largely unavailable on items such as: e-resources, visits, events, opening hours, full-time-equivalent of visits, events, opening hours, full-time-equivalent of employees and libraries expenditureemployees and libraries expenditure
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
Overview on the survey results: Overview on the survey results: response rates response rates (cont’d)(cont’d)
% of each indicator availability for all countries
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120%
Number of public libraries
Average number of employees in public libraries
Average number of public libraries per 1000 inhabitants
Percentage of public libraries offering an internet access for users
Average number of public libraries per 1000 literate population
Average number of volumes in public libraries per 1000 inhabitants
Number of registered users per 1000 inhabitants in public libraries
Average number of loans per 1000 inhabitants in public libraries
Ratio of female to male employees in public libraries
Percentage of public libraries offering websites
Average number of employees in higher education institution libraries
Number of visits in public libraries per 1000 inhabitants
Average number of volumes in higher education institution library per 1000 students of higher education
Number of registered users in higher education libraries as a percentage of number of students
Average number of loans per student (higher education) in higher education institution libraries
Expenditure on literature and information per capita in public libraries (in PPPUS$)
Ratio of female to male employees in higher education institutions libraries
Expenditure on literature and information per student of higher education in higher education institutionlibraries (in Purchasing Power Parity US$)
Number of visits in higher education institution libraries per students of higher education
Average number of volumes in public libraries per 1000 literate inhabitants
Number of registered users per 1000 literate inhabitants in public libraries
Average number of loans per 1000 literate inhabitants in public libraries
Number of visits in public libraries per 1000 literate inhabitants
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
Overview on the survey results: Overview on the survey results: response rates response rates (cont’d)(cont’d)
% of indicators available by country
73%
64%
59%
55%
55%
50%
50%
50%
46%
46%
46%
41%
41%
41%
36%
36%
32%
23%
23%
18%
18%
18%
14%
14%
14%
38%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Costa Rica
Bahamas
Saint Lucia
El Salvador
Guyana
Peru
Argentina
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Netherlands Antilles
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Colombia
Mexico
Antigua and Barbuda
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Uruguay
Brazil
British Virgin Islands
Dominican Republic
Dominica
Honduras
Montserrat
Average
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
Overview on the survey results: major Overview on the survey results: major highlightshighlights Except Mexico, small islands countries tend to have relatively higher Except Mexico, small islands countries tend to have relatively higher
number libraries per every 100,000 people. Caution: effect of population number libraries per every 100,000 people. Caution: effect of population size and geographical spread of libraries locations???size and geographical spread of libraries locations???
Same indicatorSame indicator with potential ‘skilled readership” reflect higher with potential ‘skilled readership” reflect higher potential for users ‘access’potential for users ‘access’
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Jam
aic
a
Sain
t V
incent
and t
he G
renadin
es
Sain
t Lucia
Baham
as
Mexic
o
Uru
guay
Dom
inic
an R
epublic
Colo
mbia
Peru
Guyana
Venezuela
Chile
Bra
zil
Trinid
ad a
nd T
obago
Hondura
s
Surinam
e
Costa
Ric
a
Antigua a
nd B
arb
uda
Neth
erlands A
ntilles
El S
alv
ador
Arg
entina 0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Average number of public libraries per 100,000 inhabitants Average number of public libraries per 100,000 literate population Population size
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
Overview on the survey results: major highlights Overview on the survey results: major highlights (cont’d)(cont’d) Bahamas, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, and Mexico seem Bahamas, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, and Mexico seem
to have higher number of volumes per 1000 inhabitants to have higher number of volumes per 1000 inhabitants or adult literatesor adult literates
All libraries in Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela and All libraries in Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela and Antigua and Barbuda offer internet access to usersAntigua and Barbuda offer internet access to users
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Ba
ha
ma
s
Gu
ya
na
Tri
nid
ad
an
d
To
ba
go
Me
xic
o
Ve
ne
zu
ela
Ja
ma
ica
Co
lom
bia
Co
sta
Ric
a
Pe
ru
El S
alv
ad
or
Sa
int
Lu
cia
An
tig
ua
an
d
Ba
rbu
da
Su
rin
am
e 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Number of volumes per 1000 inhabitantsNumber of volumes per 1000 literate inhabitantsPercentage of public libraries offering an internet access for users
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
Overview on the survey results: major highlights Overview on the survey results: major highlights (cont’d)(cont’d) No clear (or very disparate) pattern relating the size No clear (or very disparate) pattern relating the size
respondents countries’ population, their libraries respondents countries’ population, their libraries registered users to the level of loans => different or registered users to the level of loans => different or ‘inconsistent’ national policies ???‘inconsistent’ national policies ???
Guyana
Jamaica
Trinidad and Tobago
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Antigua and Barbuda
Netherlands Antilles
Chile
Venezuela
Bahamas
Colombia
Mexico
Suriname
1
10
100
1000
10000
1 10 100 1000
Number of registered users per 1000 inhabitants in public libraries (log scale)
Av
era
ge
nu
mb
er
of
loa
ns
pe
r 1
00
0 in
ha
bit
an
ts in
pu
blic
lib
rari
es
(lo
g s
ca
le)
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
Overview on the survey results: major highlights Overview on the survey results: major highlights (cont’d)(cont’d) Employability of female seems to be predominant than Employability of female seems to be predominant than
that of male in a majority of countries in the library that of male in a majority of countries in the library sector => is this reflective of a deliberate policy in LAC sector => is this reflective of a deliberate policy in LAC countries or is library job less attractive salary wise or countries or is library job less attractive salary wise or are basic requirements for recruitment more suitable for are basic requirements for recruitment more suitable for women?women?
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Antigua a
nd B
arb
uda
Neth
erlands A
ntilles
Sain
t K
itts
and N
evis
Surinam
e
Trinid
ad a
nd T
obago
Guyana
Monts
err
at
Dom
inic
a
Venezuela
British V
irgin
Isla
nds
Arg
entina
Uru
guay
El S
alv
ador
Sain
t Lucia
Costa
Ric
a
Baham
as
Sain
t V
incent
and t
he
Gre
nadin
es
Bra
zil
Jam
aic
a
Mexic
o
Chile
Avera
ge n
um
ber
of
em
plo
yee i
n p
ub
lic l
ibra
ries
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Rati
o f
em
ale
to
male
em
plo
yees i
n p
ub
lic l
ibra
ries
Average number of employees in public libraries Ratio of female to male employees in public libraries
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
Preliminary conclusionsPreliminary conclusions
Persistent coverage issues of libraries statisticsPersistent coverage issues of libraries statistics
Although some countries have clearAlthough some countries have clearly stated (e.g. ly stated (e.g. Argentina, Chile, etc) that data are partial, it is Argentina, Chile, etc) that data are partial, it is still suspected in many cases that data reported still suspected in many cases that data reported are incompleteare incomplete
Methodological issuesMethodological issues
Not all countries surveyed seemed to have Not all countries surveyed seemed to have national statistics compatible with concepts and national statistics compatible with concepts and definitions of the new ISO 2789definitions of the new ISO 2789
Operational issuesOperational issues
Coordinated and exhaustive collection of libraries Coordinated and exhaustive collection of libraries statistics still remain a challenge for a majority statistics still remain a challenge for a majority of countriesof countries
Still uncertain if adequate national resources are Still uncertain if adequate national resources are yet devoted to comprehensive library statisticsyet devoted to comprehensive library statistics
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
Prospects: initial thoughts for partners considerationProspects: initial thoughts for partners considerationKey premiKey premisese
UIS prioritUIS priorities are geared toward making ‘Global Impact’ in ies are geared toward making ‘Global Impact’ in the collection of internationally standardized data in the collection of internationally standardized data in UNESCO areas of competenceUNESCO areas of competence
Are lessons learnt from the LAC pilot survey fully conclusive Are lessons learnt from the LAC pilot survey fully conclusive to allow a global scaling-up?to allow a global scaling-up?
Very ‘balanced’!Very ‘balanced’!
Food for thoughts as potential ways for forward: we still Food for thoughts as potential ways for forward: we still need to make a case for an international work on libraries need to make a case for an international work on libraries statisticsstatistics
Concentrate on developing capacity-building modules to Concentrate on developing capacity-building modules to train national specialists and build sustainable national train national specialists and build sustainable national statistical institutions on librariesstatistical institutions on libraries
Sample survey of libraries rather than administrative Sample survey of libraries rather than administrative records based survey on few ‘capable countries’ (major records based survey on few ‘capable countries’ (major challenge with establishment of viable national sample challenge with establishment of viable national sample frames)frames)
Change the focus of international surveys from Change the focus of international surveys from ‘infostructure’ to an Information literacy skills assessment ‘infostructure’ to an Information literacy skills assessment of libraries users or adult literates for candidate countries of libraries users or adult literates for candidate countries (major challenge: very resource-driven)(major challenge: very resource-driven)
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Montreal, Canada
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