Classifying Animals

VertebratesChap. 3, lesson 2, pages 51-65

Animals divided into 2 groups

• Vertebrates• These are animals with

backbones.• Over 50,000 species of

vertebrates in world• Some examples are:

– humans– hummingbirds– Blue whales

• Invertebrates• These are animals

without ___________.• Over _________ species

of invertebrates in world.• Some examples are:

– _______________– ________________– ________________

Vertebrates have 3 special features:

backbone

Internal skeleton skull

Vertebrate are divided into 7 classes:

• Fish with bones (bass, trout, salmon)• Fish with cartilage (sharks, skates, rays)• Fish without jaws or scales (lampreys, hagfish)• Amphibians• Reptiles• Birds• mammals

There are about 24,000 species of fish in the world.

• All fish live in water and breathe with their gills.

• Most fish have skeleton of bones.

• Ex: bass, trout, salmon• Bony fish covered in scales• Bony fish have swim bladder

that help them move up and down in water.

• Cold-blooded

• Some fish have cartilage instead of bone.

• They have powerful jaws and sharp teeth.

• Ex: sharks, skates, rays

amphibians=“_______________”• Over 5,000 species of

frogs, toads, + salamanders.

• Live part of life on land, and part in water.

• Adult amphibians breathe with lungs or through their skin which is thin and moist.

• Cold-blooded

• Tadpoles to frogs

Tadpole live in water, Then grows legs, loses gills and tail, develops into frog.Frog lives on land.

This is called Metamorphosis.

Reptiles

• Ex: snakes, lizards, turtles, alligators, crocodiles.• About 7,000 species.• Some live in water, some on land.• Skin is scaly and watertight.• Most lay eggs on land, and the egg is soft.• Reptiles breathe with lungs.• Cold-blooded which means their body temp.

changes with their surroundings.

Birds• More than 9,000 species.• Almost all can fly-except – Ostrich ----emu ---penguins

• Feathers keep birds warm, provide lift for flying, and smooth their body.

Birds cont.

• Have hollow bones that make it easy to fly.

• Need to eat constantly because they burn up so much energy flying.

• Breathe with lungs.• Lay eggs have hard shell

• Birds are – warm-blooded. – This means that no matter

what the temperature is inside or outside, their body temperature stays the same.

Mammals

• Named for the mammary gland which produces milk for their babies.

• Mammals nurse their babies.

• Most mammals have hair that covers body

• Most live on land, but some in water, ex:– Whales, porpoises,

dolphins

Mammals cont.

• All have lungs and breathe air.

• Most mammals birth live babies.-bears-elephants-mice-humans

• Some have babies inside a pouch, like– Opossums– kangaroos

• Only a couple lay eggs, such as – Duck-billed platypus\– Spiny anteater

1. What three features do all vertebrate have?1.2.3.

2. How does a trout’s skeleton differ from a shark’s skeleton?

3. What happens during metamorphosis in a frog?

4. Why are a frog’s eggs able to survive in dry places?

5. What 2 features do mammals have that other vertebrates do not have?