Classification of Plants A plant can be divided into 3 parts.
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Transcript of Classification of Plants A plant can be divided into 3 parts.
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Classification of Classification of PlantsPlants
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A plant can be divided into 3 partsA plant can be divided into 3 parts
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Types of Stems
• Tree – – one main woody
stem– Usually over 3
meters tall
• Shrub– Multiple woody
stems– Normally under 3
meters tall
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Types of Stems
• Vine– No supporting stem– Woody or non-woody
• Herbaceous– Non-woody– Grasses, bamboo
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Types of Roots
• Fibrous– no root grows larger
than another – can have up to 14
million roots (i.e. rye grass)
– Help prevent erosion
– Examples: grasses, marigolds,
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Types of Roots
• Taproots– Primary root grows
larger than secondary roots
– Makes it harder to pull them from the ground
– Examples include carrots, dandelions, beets and radishes
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Types of Roots
• Rhizomes– usually underground,
horizontal stem of a plant that often sends out roots and shoots from its nodes.
– may also be referred to as creeping rootstalks, or rootstocks
• Stolons– similar to a rhizome,
but exists above ground, sprouting from an existing stem.
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Types of Roots
• Tuber – thickened part of a
stolon that has been enlarged for use as a storage organ.
• Corm– short, vertical, swollen
underground stem of a plant that serves as a storage organ to enable the plant to survive winter or other adverse conditions such as summer drought and heat
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Leaves
• The leaf is a plant organ specialized for photosynthesis
• Starts at the axillary bud
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Leaf Form
Simple Compound
One blade per leaf
Multiple blades or leaflets per leaf
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Leaf Arrangement
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Compound Leaflet Arrangement
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Compound Leaflet Arrangement
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Plant Kingdom
Flowering Plants
Non-flowering Plants
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3 groups
FernsFernsMossesMosses GymnospermsGymnosperms
Non - flowering Plants
Do NOT produce flowers
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Examples of Examples of MossesMosses
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spores
Spore-producing capsule
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No true roots, No vascular tissues (no transport)
Characteristics of Characteristics of MossesMosses
Simple stems & leaves
Have rhizoids for anchorage
Spores from capsules (wind-dispersal)
Damp terrestrial land
Simplest plants
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underground stem
root
A leaf (finely divided into small parts)
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roots, feathery leaves & underground stems
Characteristics of Ferns
have vascular tissuesvascular tissues (transport & support)
DampDamp & shadyshady places
Spore-producing organSpore-producing organ on the underside of leaves (reproduction)
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needle-shaped leaves
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Male cones (in clusters)
Female cones (scattered)
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roots, woody stems
Characteristics of Characteristics of GymnospermsGymnosperms
needle-shaped leaves
tall evergreen trees
cones with reproductive structures
dry places
vascular tissues (transport)
naked seeds in female cones
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Question and Answer Pairs
• Take one minute to develop a question over the material you just learned.
• Then, see if you can stump your partner!
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2 2 groupsgroups
MonocotyledonsMonocotyledons DicotyledonsDicotyledons
Flowering Plants
roots, stems, leaves
vascular tissues (transport)
flowers, fruits (contain seeds)
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MonocotyledonsMonocotyledons
Parallel veins
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one seed-leaf
Characteristics of Characteristics of MonocotyledonsMonocotyledons
leaves have parallel veins
herbaceous plants
e.g. grass, maize
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DicotyledonDicotyledonss
Veins in network
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two seed-leaves
Characteristics of Characteristics of DicotyledonsDicotyledons
leaves have veins in network
e.g. trees, sunflower, rose
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Drill Partners
• With your neighbor, drill each other on the differences between monocots and dicots until you are both certain you can remember them.
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Plant ClassificationPlant Classification
Non-flowering
Plants
Flowering
Spore-bearing
Naked seeds
No roots
with roots
Mosses Ferns
Gymnosperms
1 seed-leaf
2 seed-leaves
Monocots Dicots
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Ticket Out the door
• List three important facts you learned today.