Classification of pension systems in the EU AIM Work Package 2 Cok Vrooman A comparative typology of...
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![Page 1: Classification of pension systems in the EU AIM Work Package 2 Cok Vrooman A comparative typology of pension regimes, A. Soede & C. Vrooman (2008) Enepri.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44be2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Classification of pension systems in the EU
AIM Work Package 2
Cok Vrooman
A comparative typology of pension regimes, A. Soede & C. Vrooman (2008)Enepri Research Report No. 54, www.enepri.org, www.ceps.eu
![Page 2: Classification of pension systems in the EU AIM Work Package 2 Cok Vrooman A comparative typology of pension regimes, A. Soede & C. Vrooman (2008) Enepri.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44be2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
How to make European pensions adequate and sustainable? Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels,
October 20, 2008
Research questions
• Can the various pension systems in the European Union, the US, Canada, Australia and Norway empirically be reduced to a limited number of pension regime types?
• Do pension regime types correspond with Esping-Andersen’s more general typology of welfare regimes (SD, LIB, CORP)?
• Is there a connection between pension regime types and:a) the future ageing process?b) recent differences in pension reforms (path dependency)?
![Page 3: Classification of pension systems in the EU AIM Work Package 2 Cok Vrooman A comparative typology of pension regimes, A. Soede & C. Vrooman (2008) Enepri.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44be2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
How to make European pensions adequate and sustainable? Centre for European Policy Studies,
Brussels, October 20, 2008
Regimes/methodology
Regimes:• Diverging types of coherent systems of formal rules which
aim to achieve distinct collective goals.
Categorical principal components analysis (CatPCA):• Institutional data for 34 pension scheme traits (pension
level/wealth, organisation/structure, retirement age) in 23 countries
• Optimal scaling of both countries and pension scheme traits• on a limited number of uncorrelated underlying dimensions
Empirical pension regime typology: country clusters with diverging scores on interpretable
dimensions?
![Page 4: Classification of pension systems in the EU AIM Work Package 2 Cok Vrooman A comparative typology of pension regimes, A. Soede & C. Vrooman (2008) Enepri.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44be2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
How to make European pensions adequate and sustainable? Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels,
October 20, 2008
A previous ‘mixed’ typology ofsocial security and pensions, 2004
Scaling of 23countries
Based on 85 traitsof social security,pensions and labormarket
Source:Soede, Vrooman, Ferraresi & Segre (2004)
![Page 5: Classification of pension systems in the EU AIM Work Package 2 Cok Vrooman A comparative typology of pension regimes, A. Soede & C. Vrooman (2008) Enepri.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44be2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How to make European pensions adequate and sustainable?
Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels, October 20, 2008
The pension typology: component loadings
Scaling of 34 traitsof pension systems
Based on 23 countries
Source:Soede & Vrooman (2008)
![Page 6: Classification of pension systems in the EU AIM Work Package 2 Cok Vrooman A comparative typology of pension regimes, A. Soede & C. Vrooman (2008) Enepri.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44be2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
How to make European pensions adequate and sustainable?
Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels, October 20, 2008
The pension typology:country scores
Scaling of 23countries
Based on 34 traitsof pension systems
Source:Soede & Vrooman (2008)
![Page 7: Classification of pension systems in the EU AIM Work Package 2 Cok Vrooman A comparative typology of pension regimes, A. Soede & C. Vrooman (2008) Enepri.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44be2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
How to make European pensions adequate and sustainable? Centre for European Policy Studies,
Brussels, October 20, 2008
Relationship with future ageing process
![Page 8: Classification of pension systems in the EU AIM Work Package 2 Cok Vrooman A comparative typology of pension regimes, A. Soede & C. Vrooman (2008) Enepri.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44be2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
How to make European pensions adequate and sustainable? Centre for European Policy Studies,
Brussels, October 20, 2008
Relationship with recent policy reforms(1990-2005)
![Page 9: Classification of pension systems in the EU AIM Work Package 2 Cok Vrooman A comparative typology of pension regimes, A. Soede & C. Vrooman (2008) Enepri.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2a5503460f94c44be2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
How to make European pensions adequate and sustainable? Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels,
October 20, 2008
Conclusions
• Pension systems in the EU c.a. can be reduced to a limited number of pension regime types.
• But: no complete correspondence with theoretical Esping-Andersen classification (only liberal, corporatist). Pension regimes are not to be equated with the welfare regimes which provide for the non-elderly.
• Regime types face different demographic challenges, e.g. corporatist group (already aged, high ageing >2025)
• Pension reforms tend to be path-dependent convergence of pension schemes within the EU is not a natural outcome