Classification: Internal Status: Draft

10 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage

Tore A Torp, Dr.ing.

Adviser CO2 Storage, StatoilHydro ASA, Norway

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11 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage

CONTENT:

• “Low Carbon Diet”

• Industrial Experiences with CO2

• Sleipner, In Salah, K12B, Ketzin, Snohvit and ???

• VISION

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Sleipner CO2 injection:

- Decided in 1992- In operation since 1996- 1 million tonne CO2/år

Time Magazine,17. May 2004

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Previous Experiences with CO2 & Injection

• Enhanced Oil Recovery (Texas, Hungary, Turkey, Brazil,Croatia)

• Natural gas cleaning

• Transport – Pipelines & Ships

• Natural gas re-injection

• Natural gas underground storageand

• Beer & soft drinks, dry cleaning, food packaging – Every day life

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Yara CO2-tankers, 1500 m3 capacity

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The Sleipner field – CO2 Treatment and Injection

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CO2 Injection Well in "Utsira"

Sleipner A

Sleipner T

Utsir aFor mation

Heimdal Formation

Sleipner ØstProduction and Injection Wells

CO 2

CO 2 Injection Well1000m

2000m

2500m

0

500m

1500m

1000m

0 500m

1500m

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The Utsira Formation

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StatoilBPExxonMobilTotalNorsk HydroVattenfall

BGSBRGMGEUS

IFPNITG-TNO

SINTEF

IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme

Schlumberger ResearchNO, DK, NL, FR & UK Authorities

SALINE AQUIFER CO2 STORAGE PROJECT

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Time-lapse seismic datasets of CO2 stored in Utsira formation

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1 km

Plume outline June 2006

Plume outline Oct 2001

CO2 distribution June 2006

• 8,4 million tonnes injected over 10 years

• Plume area: 2,8 km2 (1,3 km2 in 2001)

• Plume long axis: 3760 m

• Maximum distance from injection point: 2560m

• Maximum speed of front since 2004: 250 m/year,

• Distance from CO2 to wells:

– Exploration well 15/9-13: 430m, decreasing about 12 m/year

– D-template: about 2 km straight west of northern plume

– 15/9-19 wells: about 4,5 km north of plume

3,7

6 k

m

Plume extension & top Utsira time map

saddle

Amplitude maps of the uppermost horizon, in 2001 (left), 2004 (middle) and 2006 (right). Hot colours represent higher amplitudes and thicker CO2 accumulation.

15/9-13

430m

Injection point

Seismic section

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Simulated picture of the distribution of CO2 after three years.

Radius of largest bubble 800 m and the total plume 200 m high.Ref: SINTEF Petroleum 2001

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Dissolution of CO2 in the Utsira Brine

Year 2021 Year 2412

Year 2621 Year 5019 Year 7018

Source: Gemini No. 1, 2004 (NTNU and Sintef)

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SACS Project 1998-2002

WHAT WE DID ACHIEVE:

• 3D Seismic proven, Gravimetry tested • Reservoir simulation tools partly proven • Geology and Geochemistry of “Utsira” mapped• Reason to expect the CO2 to stay for thousands of years

DOCUMENTATION• “SACS Best Practice Manual, 1.version.”• Download from www.co2store.org, see page “SACS”.

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Demonstrations of CO2 storage

SLEIPNER SNØHVIT

WEYBURN

IN SALAH

GORGONK12B Source: IEA GHG

FRIO BRINE

KETZIN

Nagaoka

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Sleipner CO2 Injection

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SAFETY STRATEGY

- Prepare

- Detect

- Remediate

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What is keeping the CO2 down?

Trapping Mechanisms

• Closure - from day one –faults?

• Micro-pore trapping - during injection - lasting

• Dissolution in water - sinking to the bottom – centuries

• Mineral binding - precipitating solids – centuries/millennia

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Possible Leakage?

Leakage ways?

• WELLS - Corrosion of cement & steel

• Faults/Cracks – Overpressure critical

• Underground fluid mobility – Site specific

Prevention

• Detection

• Remediation

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Monitoring and safety over TIME?

• Before start: Site selection, Planning and Risk assessment =>licence

• During injection: Monitoring – “Watch the barn doors” => report

• Closure: Monitoring and long-term risk => agreement

• Post-closure: Monitoring gradually less => hand-over

Safety against leakage will be better over time!

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CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) needs two legs to walk!

Leg 2: COST of Capture

• Energy use

• Costs

Better technologies

Leg 1: TRUST in Storage

• Methods from oil and gas industry

• Geology varies from place to place

More demonstrations

Pace: CO2 Transport

• Pipeline

• Ship

Large projects

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SLEIPNER - 10 years of CO2 Storage

THANKS for your attention!

QUESTIONS?