Class viii geography - 1 resources and developemnt
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Transcript of Class viii geography - 1 resources and developemnt
04/15/2023 2
What are Resources?
Everything available in our environment which can be used to
satisfy our needs, provided, it is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can
be termed as a ‘Resource’
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The process of transformation of things
available in our environment involves an
inter dependent relationship between
nature, technology and institutions.
Human beings interact with nature through technology and create institutions to accelerate their economic
development.
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Time and technology are two important factors that can change substances into resources.
Both are related to the needs of the people.
People themselves are the most important RESOURCE.
It is their ideas, knowledge, inventions and discoveries that lead to the creation of more resources.
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Resources are not free gifts of nature as is assumed by many
Resources are a function of human activities
Human beings themselves are essential components of
resources. They transform material available in our
environment into resources and use them
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Natural Resources -Resources that are drawn from
Nature and used without much modifications are called natural resources.
The air we breath, the water in our rivers and lakes , the soils, minerals are all natural resources.
Many of these resources are free gifts of nature and can be used directly.
In some cases tools and technology may be needed to use a natural resources in the best possible way
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Natural resources are classified into different groups depending upon their
Level of development and use
OriginStockDistribution
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On the Basis of the Level of Development Actual Resources are those
resources whose quantity is known.
These resources are being used in the present.
The rich deposits of coal in Ruhr region of Germany and petroleum in the West Asia, the dark soils of the Deccan plateau in Maharashtra are all actual resources.
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Potential Resources are those whose entire quantity may not be known and these are not being used at present.
These resources could be used in the future.
The level of technology we have at present level may not be advanced enough to easily utilise these resources.
For example the western parts of India particularly Rajasthan and Gujarat have enormous potential for the development of Wind and solar energy, but so far these have not been developed properly.
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On the Basis of Origin
Biotic Resources are obtained from biosphere and have life such as human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, livestock etc.
Abiotic Resources - All those things which are composed of non-living things are called abiotic resources. For example rocks and Metals
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On the Basis of Exhaustibility
Renewable Resources : The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources.
For example solar and wind energy, water, forests and wildlife etc. The renewable resources may further be divided into continuous or flow.
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Non-Renewable Resources : These occur over a very long geological time. Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of such resources.
These resources take millions of years in their formation. some of the resources like metals are recyclable and some like fossil fuels cannot be recycled and get exhausted with their use.
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On the basis of Distribution
Ubiquitous - are those which are found everywhere like the air we breath.
Localised - are found only in certain places ,like copper and iron ore
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The Distribution of natural resources depends upon number of physical factors like -
TerrainClimateAltitudeThe distribution of resources is
unequal because these factors differs much over the earth.
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Human Made Resources Sometimes, natural substances
become resources only when their original form have been changed.
Iron ore was not a resources until people learnt to extract iron from it.
People use natural resources to make buildings, bridges, roads, machinery and vehicles, which are known as HUMAN MADE RESOURCE.
Technology is also a human made resource.
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Human Resources
People can make the best use of nature to create more resources when they have the knowledge, skill and the technology to do so.
That is why human beings are a special resource.
PEOPLE ARE HUMAN RESOURCES.
Education and health help in making people a valuable resource.
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Improving the quality of peoples' skills so that they are able to
create more resources is known
as HUMAN RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT
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Using resources carefully and giving them time to get renewed is called
RESOURCE CONSERVATION
Balancing the need to use resources and also
conserve them for the future is called SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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There are many ways of conserving resources.
Each person can contribute by using the 3R’s
a. Reduce Consumptionb. Recyclec. Reuse
Ultimately it makes a difference because all our
lives are linked.
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Sustainable Development
Carefully utilising resources so that
besides meeting the requirements of the present, also takes care of the future
generation.
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Conservation of Resources
Resources are vital for any developmental activity. But the irrational consumption and over utilisation of resources may lead to social-economic and environmental problems.
To overcome these problem, resource conservation at various level is important.
This had been the main concern of the leaders and thinkers in the past.
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Gandhiji was very apt invoicing his concern in these words. “ there is enough for everybody’s need and not for anybody’s greed.”
He placed the greedy and selfish individuals and exploitative nature of modern technology as the root cause for resource depletion at the global level.
He was against mass production and wanted to replace it with the production by the masses.
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The future of the planet and its people are linked with our ability to maintain and preserve the life support system that nature provides. Therefore it is our duty to ensure that –
All uses of renewable resources are sustainable
The diversity of life on earth is conserved
The damage to natural environmental system is minimised
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Some Principles of Sustainable Development
Respect and care for all forms of life
Improve the quality of human lifeConserve the earth’s vitality and
diversityChange personal attitude and
practices towards the environment Enable communities to care for
their own environments