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Transcript of Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.
![Page 1: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Class Slides Set 21
Tools and Technologies I
Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types
![Page 2: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Tools and TechnologiesTools and Technologies
•lithic (stone)
•bone, tooth, horn / antler
![Page 3: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Tools and TechnologiesTools and Technologies
•lithic (stone)
•bone, tooth, horn / antler
![Page 4: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
http://anthro.palomar.edu/homo/glossary.htm
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GlossaryGlossary
osteo = "bone"
donto = "tooth"
keratic = "horn"
osteodontokeratic
![Page 6: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
osteo = "bone"
osteodontokeratic
![Page 7: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Harappa (c. 3300-2800 B.C.)p. 466
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Magdalenian bone artifact.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 332.
![Page 9: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
osteo = "bone"
donto = "tooth"
osteodontokeratic
![Page 10: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
http://www.sfu.ca/archaeology/museum/ask/a6.htm
![Page 11: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
osteo = "bone"
donto = "tooth"
keratic = "horn"
osteodontokeratic
![Page 12: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Reconstruction of a Natufian gazelle horn reaping knife,
with inset flint blades.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 393.
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Devon Island, High Arctic Canada.http://www.arts.uwaterloo.ca/ANTHRO/rwpark/ArcticArchStuff/TLArts.html
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Tools and TechnologiesTools and Technologies
•lithic (stone)
•bone, tooth, horn / antler
![Page 15: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Stone Tools and TechnologiesStone Tools and Technologies
• basic types
• basic techniques of manufacture
• basic tool uses
• Upper Paleolithic traditions
lithic
tools
![Page 16: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Stone Tools and TechnologiesStone Tools and Technologies
• basic types
• basic techniques of manufacture
• basic tool uses
• Upper Paleolithic traditions
lithic
tools
![Page 17: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
tradition
horizon
![Page 18: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
similarity of elements over considerable time in a delimited area
– site, locality or region
tradition
![Page 19: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Cultural periods of the European Upper Paleolithic.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 330.
UpperPaleolithictraditions
(SW France)
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p. 330Upper
Paleolithictraditions
(SW France)
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Cultural periods of the European Upper Paleolithic.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 330.
![Page 22: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Brian Fagan, People of the Earth, 10th ed., p. 132.
Solutrean
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Solutrean blade.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 330.
![Page 24: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Solutrean blade.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 351.
![Page 25: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Cultural periods of the European Upper Paleolithic.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 330.
![Page 26: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Source: Brian Fagan, People of the Earth, 10th ed., p. 132.
Magdalenian
![Page 27: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
http://www.arts.uwaterloo.ca/ANTHRO/rwpark/ArcticArchStuff/TLArts.html
![Page 28: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 331.
Magdalenian Spear-thrower (atlatl). Note the carving.
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GlossaryGlossary
tradition
horizon
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GlossaryGlossary
similarity of elements over a large area during a “short” time span
horizon
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Time line for New World Civililzations.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 479.
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GlossaryGlossary
characteristic item that marks an identifiable horizon
horizon marker
![Page 33: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Toltec-style serpentine columns and Chacmool. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 491.
Toltecserpentine
columns
Toltecchacmool
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GlossaryGlossary
flake tools
core tools
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GlossaryGlossary
flake tools
the smaller pieces struck off of a stone
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Core and flake.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 351.
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Major types of North American Paleo-Indian projectile points.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 386.
Clovis Folsom Plano Dalton
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Burin. Solutrean blade.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 330.
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GlossaryGlossary
what is left over after a flake has been struck off
of a stone
core
![Page 40: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Core and flake.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 351.
![Page 41: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Stone Tools and TechnologiesStone Tools and Technologies
• basic types
• basic techniques of manufacture
• basic tool uses
• Upper Paleolithic traditions
lithic
tools
![Page 42: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
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#1
pebble
tools
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GlossaryGlossary
rounded stone (pebble) struck with a similar stone (hammerstone),which creates a jagged edge,
that serves as a chopping edge
pebble toolsaka “choppers”
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Pleistocene Subdivisions, Archaeological Industries and Hominids.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 298.
sometimes
pebble tools
are also
known
as
“Oldowan
choppers”
![Page 46: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
http://lithiccastinglab.com/gallery-pages/oldowanstonetools.htm
![Page 47: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
#2
Core and flake
tools
are
“bifacial
handaxes”
![Page 48: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
• Clactonian (flake)
• Acheulean (core)
• Abbevillian (core)
Lower Paleolithic European and African
bifacial hand axes
![Page 49: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
• Clactonian (flake)
• Acheulean (core)
• Abbevillian (core)
Lower Paleolithic European and African
bifacial hand axes
![Page 50: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
bifacial
handaxesAbbevillian
aka “primitive”hand axes
![Page 51: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/w/x/wxk116/axe/
![Page 52: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Life Nature Library, Early Man, p. 115.
![Page 53: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
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GlossaryGlossary
• Clactonian (flake)
• Acheulean (core)
• Abbevillian (core)
Lower Paleolithic European and African
bifacial hand axes
![Page 55: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Acheulean
bifacial
handaxes
![Page 56: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Pleistocene Subdivisions, Archaeological Industries and Hominids.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 298.
![Page 57: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Acheulian biface (“hand axe”).
Richard Effland, Maricopa College
![Page 58: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Acheulian biface (“hand axe”).
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 278.
![Page 60: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Acheulian tools, mainly hand axes, from Olorgesailie, Kenya.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 278.
![Page 61: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
• Clactonian (flake)
• Acheulean (core)
• Abbevillian (core)
Lower Paleolithic European and African
bifacial hand axes
![Page 62: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/w/x/wxk116/axe/
![Page 64: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
http://www.dartfordarchive.org.uk/early_history/magnified/clactonian_flake_tools.html
![Page 65: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
#3 bladetools
![Page 66: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
•a flake tool that is at least twice as long as it is wide
•a thin-edged fragment removed from a core
blade tool
![Page 67: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Burin. Solutrean blade.Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 330.
![Page 68: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Solutrean blade.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 351.
![Page 69: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
http://lithiccastinglab.com/gallery-pages/cloviswheredidcomefrompage2.htm
![Page 70: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
having a notched edge or sawlike teeth
serrated
![Page 71: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
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GlossaryGlossary
with a furrow or groove
fluted
![Page 73: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Life Nature Library, Early Man, p. 112.
fluting
![Page 74: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
#4 microliths
![Page 75: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
small stone tools usually produced from narrow blades punched from a core
“micro” = “small” “lith” = “stone”
microliths
![Page 76: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
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Brian Fagan, People of the Earth, 10th ed., p. 213.
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GlossaryGlossary
made of several partse.g., harpoon, sickle, hammer . . .
compound(composite)
![Page 79: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
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European Mesolithic stone axe in its antler sleeve,
Shaped to fit into the socket of a missing wooden handle.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 389.
![Page 82: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Reconstruction of a Natufian gazelle horn reaping knife,
with inset flint blades.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 393.Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 393.
![Page 83: Class Slides Set 21 Tools and Technologies I Introduction: Basic Terms / Basic Types.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649f555503460f94c78de6/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
GlossaryGlossary
with a “handle”
hafted
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Clovis fluted points in simulated mountings.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology (8th ed), p. 384.
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/1766683.stm
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Brian Fagan, People of the Earth, 10th ed., p. 106.
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Life Nature Library, Early Man, p. 114.
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Life Nature Library, Early Man, p. 114.
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GlossaryGlossary
“spear thrower” (Nahuatl, Aztec)
atlatl
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Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 331.
Magdalenian Spear-thrower (atlatl). Note the carving.
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#5 choppercopping
andflaketools
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GlossaryGlossary
“chopper-chopping [flake] tools” . . .
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Movius Line
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Campbell and Loy, Humankind Emerging, 7th ed, p. 334.
Movius Line
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To Class Slides Set 22
Next: Tools and Technologies II
Making and Using Lithic Tools