Class Slides Set 15B The Upper Body
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Transcript of Class Slides Set 15B The Upper Body
Class Slides Set 15B
The Upper Body
Homosapien & Primate
Brachiation(from "limb" or "branch”
to
Erect Walking
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 121
Skeleton of a brachiator (gibbon)
The upper body . . .
Human skeleton (Homo sapiens) – bipedal hominid.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 429
Spine has become more massive and rigid, with fewer vertebrae . . .
Humans developed an
S-curved backbone(rather than one with a simple curve)
Human vertebral column (lateral view).
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 243
Chest has become wider and more barrel-like
Modern human skeleton
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 429
Shoulders have broadened
Human skeleton (Homo sapiens) – bipedal hominid.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 429
Relatively longer necks have developed
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 223
Modern human skeleton
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 190
The arms and hands . . .
The forelimbs of apes have become strengthened and elongated
(relative to the length of the body)
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 240
Homo habilis
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 223
Modern human skeleton
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 113
Gorilla
Hands
become more hand-like . . .
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 174+
Power grip – (“prehensility”)
a grip involving all fingers of the hand equally, as in grasping a baseball
Precision grip –(“opposability”)
a grip that involves opposing the tip of the thumb to the tips of the
other fingers
Hand anatomy.
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 435
Primate (Macaque) hand
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 121
The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 126
Two-year-old Baboon
The SkullContinue on to Set # 16A