CKM Physics & Beyond the Standard Model Physics with CharmIan Shipsey, Purdue University

1) CKM Physics:Charms role in testing the Standard Model description of Quark Mixing & CP Violation: LifetimesHadronic DecaysLeptonic DecaysSemileptonic DecaysOutline:2) Physics Beyond the Standard ModelD mixingD CP ViolationD Rare Decays Outlook & conclusion Not covered in this talk: D hadron spectroscopy & charmoniumsee talk of Jin Shan.(3770)D0 D0D0K+-, D0K-e+

Big Questions in Flavor PhysicsDynamics of flavor?Why generations?Why a hierarchy of masses& mixings?Origin of Baryogenesis?Sakharovs criteria: Baryon number violationCP violation Non-equilibrium3 examples: Universe, kaons, beauty but Standard Model CP violation too small, need additional sources of CP violation.Connection between flavor physics & electroweak symmetry breaking?Extensions of the Standard Model (ex: SUSY) contain flavor & CP violating couplings that should show up at some level in flavor physics, but precision measurements and precision theoryare required to detect the new physics.

2004The Bd system unitarity triangle is limited by systematic errors from QCD: Form factors in semileptonic () decayDecay constants in B mixingD system- the CKM matrix elements are known (tightly constrained to

Theoretical errorsdominatewidth ofbands2004precision QCD calculationstested with precision charmdata theory errors of afew % on B system decay constants & semileptonicform factors500 fb-1 @ BABAR/BellePrecision theory + charm = large impact+

Theoretical errorsdominatewidth ofbands2004precision QCD calculationstested with precision charmdata theory errors of afew % on B system decay constants & semileptonicform factors500 fb-1 @ BABAR/BellePrecision theory + charm = large impact+

The ExperimentsResults used in this talk have been obtained by the following Collaborations:New this year:Note:K-+ is # reconstructed in published analyses, not total collected. The B Factories and CDF now have the largest charm samples.(Pilot run)Exceptionally low background charm samples were obtained at BESII & CLEO-c ideal formeasuring absolute charm branching ratios.

Fixed Target

E791

FOCUS

LEP

CLEO

BaBar/Belle

CDF

Beam

Hadron

Photon

K-(+

~ 2 ( 104

~ 2 ( 105

~ 104 /expt.

~ 2 ( 105

~ 106

~ 106

(t

~ 40 fs

~ 40 fs

~ 100 fs

~ 140 fs

~ 160 fs

~ 50 fs

_1152621249.unknown

_1152621349.unknown

_1152621350.unknown

_1152621325.unknown

_1152621247.unknown

BESII

CLEO-c

Beam

K-(+

~ 2.7 (103

~ 5.4 x103

(t

Not applicable

Not applicable

_1153569016.unknown

Charm Hadron LifetimesLifetime needed to compare Br(expt) to (theory) Interpreted within O.P.E.Spectator effects (PI.WA,WS) are O(1/mc3) but phase space enhancedD+Ds+baryonsMuon decay:Nave spectator model: (D+) ~1,000 fs (D0) ~400 fs. Gross features of lifetime hierarchy can be explained

Charm LifetimesCharm quarks more influenced by hadronicenvironment than beauty quarks.Errors on lifetimes are not a limiting factor in the measurement of absolute rates. D+ 7 , D0 4 , Ds 8 , c3%, 0 10%, +c 6 %, c 17% some lifetimes known as precisely as kaon lifetimes. x10x1.3PDG2004DominatedBy FOCUS2002 resultsSELEX, FOCUS, CLEO E791 E687PDG2004Charm beautyPDG2004Lifetimes are PDG2004 except Ds which is a PDG2004 + FOCUS average.

Status of Absolute Charm Branching Ratios Measured very precisely Poorly knownKey hadronic charm decay modes used to normalizeB physics#Ds producedis not well known.Charm produced at B Factories/Tevatron or at dedicated FT experiments allows relative rate measurements but absolute rate measurements are hard because backgrounds are sizeable & because # Ds produced is not well known. form factorsBackgrounds are large.decay constants

ModePDG04 (%)Error (%)D+mn100Ds+mn 0.60 0.14 24D0 45DoK-p+3.800.09 2.4D+K-p+ p+ 9.20.6 6.5Ds+fp+ 3.60.9 25LcpK-p+ 5.01.3 26J/ym+m-5.88 0.10 1.7

Ds+ from Ds*+ Ds+ is not reconstructedPair D*- ( D0 p-) & , assume from B0 Ds*+D*-This result independent of B(Ds+ fp+) :B(B0 Ds*+D*-) = (1.85 0.09(stat) 0.16(syst) )%Data sample:124 million B pairsSignal: 7414 345New Measurement of B(Ds+ f p+)Ds+ f (K+K-) p+ fully reconstructed

B(Ds+ f p+) = (4.71 0.47(stat) 0.35(syst))%B (B0 Ds*+ D*-) x B (Ds+ f p+) = (8.71 0.78(stat)) x10-4Divide by (A)B0 Ds*+ D*- : partial reconstruction1:2:(A) B(Ds+ f p+) = (3.6 0.9)% (PDG) Signal 212 19B0 Ds*+ D*- : full reconstructionRecoil massCLEO Similar Partial recons. B0 Ds*+ D*-ICHEP ABS11-095212.5% total error (7.5%) syst(25%)BIG improvement!

Minor modifications:replaced silicon with 6 layerlow mass inner drift chamber summer 03. + B 1.5T 1.0TCLEO III Detector CLEO-c DetectorCESR (10 GeV) CESR-c (3-4GeV)Absolute Charm Branching Ratios at Threshold (CLEO-c)ICHEP ABS8-0775

DATA (Prelim.)~57 pb-1DATA (Prelim.)~57 pb-1 Operation at (3770) DDMeasurements use D tagging: exclusive reconstruction of 1 D Ds: large, low multiplicity, branching ratios ~1-15% high reconstruction efficiency, favorable S/N High net tagging efficiency: ~25% of all Ds produced are reconstructed (achieved).1st CLEO-c DATAD0 candidate Mass (GeV)D0 candidate Mass (GeV)57 pb-1 ~ 340,000 DD pairsICHEP ABS8-0775Single tags Single tags Absolute Charm Branching Ratios at Threshold (CLEO-c)

Absolute Charm Branching Ratios at ThresholdDoubly Tagged D+K-p+p+, D-K+p-p-PreliminaryPrelim.DATA ~57 pb-1D candidate mass (GeV)Tagging effectively creates a single D beamWhere # of Ds = # of tagged eventsICHEP ABS8-0775

Absolute Charm Hadronic Branching Ratios and Single tagged DDouble tagged DTechnique pioneered by Mark III5 modes, combined 2 fit extract 5 Bi & N(DD), convert to s with Ldt. required to estimate reach.ICHEP ABS8-0775CLEOcBESII similar analysis using 8 modes.but with less statistics comparisonCross section in agreement with Mark IIIMeson factory figure of merit:

Parameter

Fitted Value

(1.98 ( 0.04 ( 0.03) ( 105

0.0392 ( 0.0008 ( 0.0023

0.143 ( 0.003 ( 0.010

0.081 ( 0.002 ( 0.009

(1.48 ( 0.06 ( 0.04) ( 105

0.098 ( 0.004 ( 0.008

0.0161 ( 0.0008 ( 0.0015

3.64 ( 0.05 ( 0.17

2.05 ( 0.03 ( 0.14

0.164 ( 0.004 ( 0.006

_1153923083.unknown

_1153923096.unknown

_1153923113.unknown

_1153923145.unknown

_1153923156.unknown

_1153923103.unknown

_1153923090.unknown

_1153902934.unknown

_1153923043.unknown

_1153902573.unknown

Agreement BES /CLEOc /PDG is good.Absolute Hadronic Branching Ratio SummaryBESIICLEO-c.%%%%Most precise measurement.For many other modes statistical precision is similar to other measurements entering the PDG average. Outlook (my estimate) for 3 fb-1D0 D+ systematics limited.

fD+from Absolute Br(D+ m+n)1 track m consistent no showers~57 pb-1

D+ m+nD-HadronictagICHEP ABS11-07768 signal candidatesBESII(2004)CLEO-cLQCD error 10%Expt. 22% BES Lattice 2004 CLEO-c Isospin Mass Splittings Potential Model Rel. Quark Model QCD Sum Rules QCD Spectral Sum Rules MILC UKQCDpreliminarypreliminary Mark III

HQET1) Measure D form factor in Dl. Tests LQCD D form factor calculation.2) BaBar/Belle can extract Vub using tested LQCD calc. of B form factor.3) But: need absolute Br(D l) and high quality d (D l)/dE neither exist.Absolute Charm Semileptonic Decay RatesI. Absolute magnitude & shape of form factors are a stringent test of theory. II. Absolute charm semileptonic rate gives direct measurements of Vcd and Vcs. III Key input to precise Vub bVubStat sys FFTheory error>20%.Typical exclusiveVub presentedby A. Ali.

Dpln/KlnRate & Form FactorA big advance in precision!ICHEP ABS8-0781stat syst CKMCLEO IIIat 10 GeVNote:absenceof kinematicseparationUse D*DpObservable: Dm=D*-Dn reconstruction1st measurement of a formfactor in Cabibbo suppressedD semilpetonic decay. (Measure of SU(3) breaking)

Chart1

0.1030.04110960960.04110960960.08503038390.09220439370.07785637422.11242.1131

0.1010.02022374840.02022374840.08503038390.09220439370.07785637422.11242.1131

0.0820.00781024970.0078102497

pilnu/klnu

pilnuklnu

ratioratio lowratio hisystot err lowtot err highave errorratio/err**21/errsqsqrdev

Cleo (95)0.1030.0390.0390.0130.04110960960.04110960960.041109609660.9467455621591.71597633140.1910692911

E687 (96)0.1010.020.020.0030.02022374840.02022374840.0202237484246.94376528122444.98777506110.6235419012

Cleo (04)0.0820.0060.0060.0050.00781024970.00781024970.00781024971344.26229508216393.44262295080.1505447005

ndof2CL67.9%0.7740866017

1652.152805925319430.14637434330.08503038390.0071740098

00.08503038390.00717400980.09220439370.0778563742

180.08503038390.00717400980.09220439370.0778563742

02.11240.00072.11312.1117

182.11240.00072.11312.1117

pilnuklnu

00.04110960960.041109609600000

00.02022374840.020223748400000

00.00781024970.00781024970

0

0

0

0

pilnu/klnu

Sheet1

polemass

polepole lowpole highsystot err lowtot err highave errorpole/err**21/errssqsqrdev

MK31.80.20.50.250.32015621190.55901699440.43958660319.31501606835.17500892680.0522823718

E6912.10.20.40.20.28284271250.44721359550.36502815415.76037585887.50494088510.2986596982

Cleo 912.1000.2000.4000.2500.32015621190.47169905660.395927634213.3963863776.37923160810.2538620112

Cleo 9320.120.120.180.21633307650.21633307650.216333076542.73504273521.36752136750.2114886735

E687 tag1.970.220.430.070.23086792760.43566041820.333264172917.73735957589.00373582530.04347406922.40566041821.7391320724

E687 inc1.870.080.110.070.10630145810.13038404810.1183427531133.52367273371.40303354710.0664791588

Cleo 041.890.050.050.0350.06103277810.06103277810.0610327781507.3825503356268.45637583890.0296704579

ndof6CL98.9%0.9036340687

739.8504036836389.28984799891.90051296610.0506831339

01.90051296610.05068313391.95119611.8498298322

181.90051296610.05068313391.95119611.8498298322

02.11240.00072.11312.1117

182.11240.00072.11312.1117

polemass

00.55901699440.320156211900000

00.44721359550.282842712500000

00.47169905660.32015621190

00.21633307650.2163330765

00.43566041820.2308679276

00.13038404810.1063014581

00.06103277810.0610327781

pole mass

Absolute D0 Semileptonic Branching Ratios at ThresholdPreliminary ICHEP ABS8-0781First Observation+Note:kinematicseparation.CABIBBO ALLOWEDCABIBBO SUPPRESSED

Hep-ex/0406028Phys. Lett. B597 (2004) 39-46Absolute D0 & D+ Semileptonic Branching Ratios at BESIIpreliminaryLongstanding puzzle in charm decay, ratio should be unity (Isospin),New BES II result moves ratio in the right direction.GeVpreliminary

Experiment

BES II

MARK III

PDG2004

1.15 ( 0.29 ( 0.09

1.44 ( 0.62

1.4 ( 0.2

_1154936947.unknown

Absolute D0 & D+ Semileptonic Branching Ratios Summary BESII & CLEO-cBES II/CLEO-c analyses in good agreement but statistics limited. For p e n CLEO-c is already more precise than PDG. With 3fb-1 stat error on pen will approach 1%.D0r0en has been observed for the first time: useful for Grinsteins Double Ratio. %%

Experiment

(%)

(%)

(%)

BES

3.82 ( 0.40 ( 0.27

0.33 ( 0.13 ( 0.03

8.47 ( 1.92 ( 0.66

CLEO-c

3.52 ( 0.10 ( 0.25

0.25 ( 0.03 ( 0.02

--

MARK III

3.4 ( 0.5 ( 0.4

PDG 04

3.58 ( 0.18

6.7 ( 0.9

_1154352811.unknown

_1154352850.unknown

_1154352899.unknown

_1154353002.unknown

_1154352821.unknown

_1154352753.unknown

U = Emiss - PmissCLEO-c/BESIII PS PS & PS V absolute form factor magnitudes & slopes to a few%. Note: LQCD most precise where data is least but full q2 range calculable. Need LQCD FF with few % precision before these measurements are made.D0 plnD0 KlnCLEO-c MCLattice QCDD0 plnD0 plnCLEO-c MC1fb-1(D+ ln) / (D+ ln) independent of Vcd tests amplitudes ~2% (Dshln) / (Dsln) independent of Vcs tests amplitudes ~ 2% Vcs /Vcs = 1.6% (now ~10%) Vcd /Vcd = 1.7% (now: 7%)Testing the Lattice with (semi)leptonic Charm DecaysTested lattice to calc. B semileptonic form factor, B factories use Bplv for precise Vub Bplv shape is an additional cross check.3fb-1

Unitarity Tests Using Charm2nd row: |Vcd|2 + |Vcs|2 + |Vcb|2 = 1 ??CLEO c: test to ~3% (if theory D K/ln good to few %)& 1st column: |Vud|2 + |Vcd|2 + |Vtd|2 = 1 ?? with similarprecision to 1st rowCompare ratio of long sides to 1.3%|VubVcb*||VudVcd*||VusVcs*|uc*=0uc* (3fb-1)

Charm Inclusive Semileptonic Decay at Threshold Stat. Uncertainty ~0.5%PDG: BR = (6.750.29)%Stat. Uncertainty ~ 0.6%PDG: BR = (17.21.9)%CLEO-c DATAElectron Momentum (GeV/c) Electron Momentum (GeV/c) Number Of event /(50MeV/c) Number Of event /(50MeV/c)CLEO-c DATAD0 Xe+n D+ Xe+n From 57 pb-1 of (3770) CLEO-c data: PreliminaryICHEP ABS11-0777PR PLOTS NOBr YET

Charm As a Probe of Physics Beyond theStandard ModelThe existence of multiple fermion generations appears to originate at high mass scales can only be studied indirectly.Why charm? in the charm sector the SM contributions to these effects are small large window to search for new physicsCP violation, mixing and rare decays may investigate the physics at these new scales through intermediate particles entering loops.charm is the unique probe of the up-type quark sector (down quarks in the loop). CP asymmetry10-3 D0 - D0 mixing 10-2Rare decays 10-6

High statistics instead of High EnergyCan we find violations of the Standard Model at low energies? Example Decay missing energy W (100 GeV mass scale) from experiments at the MeV mass scale.

D Mixing Mixing has been fertile ground for discoveries:CKM factors c2 same order as kaoni.e.s u Mixing rate 1Mixing rate (1958) used to bound c quark mass discovery(1974). CPV part of transition , K (1964), was a crucial clue top quark existed discovery (1994).dominated by top (mt2 - mc,u2) )/mW2 LargeB lifetime Cabibbo suppressed Vcb2Mixing also Cabibbo suppressed (Vtd2)Mixing rate early indication m top largeMixing rate 1CKM factors c2 ~ 0.05(b-quark VubVcb negligible)But D not Cabbibo suppressed (Vcs~1)Additional suppression: Mixing (ms2 - md2)/ mW2 = 0 SU(3) limit.SM mixing small c2 x [SU(3) breaking]2

(A. Petrov, hep/ph 0311371)

x=DM/Gy=DG/2Gx=DM/Gmixing rate = |amplitude|2mixing rate = |amplitude|2New Physics Mixing Predictionscurrent experimental sensitivityTheoretical GuidanceSM Mixing PredictionsNo CP-violating effects expected in SM. CP violation in mixing would thereforebe an unambiguous signal of New Physics.y (long-range) mixing: SM background.x mixing: Channel for New Physics.New physics will enhance x but not y.SM mixing predictions ~ bounded by box diagram rate & expt. sensitivity. New Physics predictions span same large range mixing is not a clear indication of New Physics.

Easier, measure CP-even decay relative to D0->K-p+: (1/2 CP even CP odd)Early FOCUS measurement with non zero yCP:More recent analyses allow forCP violation comparing:No evidence for CPV is found. The observables become:I take =0 in the average:Status of y

Chart1

0.83.067572333.067572330.90704319261.32900980650.48507657861

3.41.56524758421.56524758420.90704319261.32900980650.4850765786

-1.12.86530975642.8653097564

-0.51.28062484751.2806248475

0.80.60207972890.6020797289

1.150.78771822370.7877182237

YCP (%)

pilnuklnu

YCPratio lowratio hisystot err lowtot err highave errorratio/err**21/errsqsqrdev

E7910.82.92.913.067572333.067572333.067572330.08501594050.10626992560.0012176669

FOCUS3.41.41.40.71.56524758421.56524758421.56524758421.3877551020.40816326532.5366667934

CLEO-1.1002.5002.5001.4002.86530975642.86530975642.8653097564-0.13398294760.12180267970.4906482798

Belle 01-0.5110.81.28062484751.28062484751.2806248475-0.30487804880.60975609761.207177162

BABAR0.80.40.40.450.60207972890.60207972890.60207972892.20689655172.75862068970.0316089519

Belle 031.150.690.690.380.78771822370.78771822370.78771822371.85334407741.61160354550.0951297506

ndof5CL49.9%4.3612309377

5.09415067525.61621620330.90704319260.421966614

00.90704319260.4219666141.32900980650.4850765786

180.90704319260.4219666141.32900980650.4850765786

0

pilnuklnu

3.067572333.067572331

1.56524758421.5652475842

2.86530975642.8653097564

1.28062484751.2806248475

0.60207972890.6020797289

0.78771822370.7877182237

YCP (%)

Ian Shipsey:BABAR eero is +.5-.4I have taken the average

yCP

E791

(0.8 ( 2.9 ( 1.0)%

FOCUS

(3.4 ( 1.4 ( 0.7)%

CLEO

((1.1 ( 2.5 ( 1.4)%

Belle 01

BABAR

(0.8 ( 0.4 +0.5-0.4)%

Belle 03

(1.15( 0.69 ( 0.38)%

_1154419059.unknown

D*+ decays: D*+ D0p+Flavor at birth is tagged by pion from D* decayFlavor at decay is tagged by leptonQuadratic time dependencemixing rateSearch for D Mixing in Semileptonic Decays Two new measurements presented at this conference sensitive toBelle 140 fb-1Neutrino reconstructionThe mixing rate is given byICHEP ABS11-0703

unmixedmixedSearch for D Mixing in Semileptonic Decays

Unbinned extended maximum likelihood fit to transverse lifetime and M = M(D*)-M(D0) with 15 floated parameters DK and K* e v continuum events 80fb-1 ON 7.1fb-1 OFF DM signal region Unmixed D0 yield: 49620 324 evts (stat)N(mix): 114 61 (~5% probability of getting a larger result for Rmix=0)UnmixedmixedNote verydifferenthorizontal& verticalscalesSearch for D Mixing in Semileptonic Decays ICHEP ABS11-0629

D Mixing Semileptonic SummaryFOCUS result is unpublishedM. Hosack Fermilab Thesis 2002-25.BABAR & Belle are addingmore data and expect to publishimproved upper limits soon.

Need to fit proper decay time in order to distinguish mixing (both x and y) from doubly Cabibbo-suppressed (DCS) decays:Complication: phase difference, dKp, between CF and DCS amplitudes can lead to observable quantities x and y, related to x and y by a rotation. right-sign (RS) => Cabibbo-favored decays wrong-sign (WS) => Mixing or doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decays.Search for D Mixing in DKp Sensitive to both x and y, and linear in y.Best constraints come from this mode.CP Violating effects are measuredby fitting ICHEP ABS11-0704

The Wrong Sign Ratex2 statistics of previousmeasurements.Observables:

Rws [%]

AD [%]

E791 (66)

5.6K

not quoted

(

ALEPH (67)

1038

19

1.84 ( 0.59 ( 0.07

(

FOCUS (68)

37K

150

0.404 ( 0.085 ( 0.025

(

CLEO (61)

13.5K

45

Belle (63)

83K

845

BaBar (62)

120K

430

0.357 ( 0.022 ( 0.027

9.5 ( 6.1 ( 8.3

Average

0.368 ( 0.021

_1152624650.unknown

_1152624756.unknown

_1153670131.unknown

_1153670837.unknown

_1152624757.unknown

_1152624755.unknown

_1152601644.unknown

Chart1

0.680.33734255590.33734255590.36809653710.38843158610.34776148821

1.840.68095521140.68095521140.36809653710.38843158610.3477614882

0.4040.08860022570.0886002257

0.3320.07547184910.0754718491

0.3720.02795084970.0279508497

0.3570.03482814950.0348281495

RWS (%)

pilnuklnu

RWSratio lowratio hisystot err lowtot err highave errorratio/err**21/errsqsqrdev

E7910.680.330.330.070.33734255590.33734255590.33734255595.97539543068.78734622140.85486617

ALEPH1.840.590.590.340.68095521140.68095521140.68095521143.96808281222.15656674574.6722014319

FOCUS0.4040.0850.0850.0250.08860022570.08860022570.088600225751.4649681529127.38853503180.1642112924

CLEO0.3320.0640.0640.040.07547184910.07547184910.075471849158.2865168539175.56179775280.2287499988

Belle0.3720.0250.0250.01250.02795084970.02795084970.0279508497476.1612800.0195033886

BABAR0.3570.0220.0220.0270.03482814950.03482814950.0348281495294.3116240725824.40230832650.1015112419

ndof5CL39.4%5.1861773537

890.16658732212418.29655407830.36809653710.0203350489

00.36809653710.02033504890.38843158610.3477614882

180.36809653710.02033504890.38843158610.3477614882

0

pilnuklnu

0.33734255590.33734255591

0.68095521140.6809552114

0.08860022570.0886002257

0.07547184910.0754718491

0.02795084970.0279508497

0.03482814950.0348281495

RWS (%)

Ian Shipsey:BABAR eero is +.5-.4I have taken the average

SimulationCourtesy : Ji LinData (decay)(Mixing)Fit to WSThis is a substantial improvement on previous results.

Mixing SummaryCombining all results:G. Burdman and I. Shipsey Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 53 431 (2003) arXivhep-ph/0310076 (updated August 20 2004).2004 update for ICHEPWorld95% CL yWorld 95%CLx-yCP conservationis assumed.Important to measure can be done at a charm factory.CDF expect a mixingresult using D K soon.No statistically significant evidence for mixing has yet beenfound.

G( ) G( )CPV via interference between mixing & decay (D0 only)Very small in charm since mixing is suppressed (i.e. good hunting ground for New Physics).G( ) G( )Direct CPV:CPV in D Decaysstrong phase-shift2 weak amplitudes with phase differenceIll ignore CP violation in mixing (as it is negligible).Time dependent sincemixing is involvedExperiment concentrates on this

cduW+uW+different weak phasesdifferent strong phasesare likelyStandard Model Contribution ACP ~ 10-3 New Physics up to ~1%If CP~1% observed:is it NP or hadronic enhancement of SM? Strategy: analyzemany channels to elucidate source of CPV.1) Consider D0 p+p- (same for K+K-, K+K-p+, fp+,K*K K+K-p0, p+p-p+, p+p-p0, etc...) Since this decay is Singly Cabibbo Suppressedwe can modify its topology in a simple way to get a penguin.In Standard Model Direct CPV only for SinglyCabibbo suppressed decays. Direct CP Violation

Three ACP measurements: (1) KK (2) f , (3) K*K ~43,000 eventsrelative to Ds+ KK as control [Cabibbo favored hence no CP].%% %M(KKp)79.9 fb-1ICHEP ABS11-0629

Most recent (& precise) result.D* to tag D0 flavor. Measure relative to D0K Cabibbo allowed mode (Acp=0) as control).Time integratedTime dependent measurements can distinguish direct & indirect CPV. CDF plan this. BABAR/Belle (2003)found no evidence for indirect CP at the 1% level (see y status slide).123pb-1ICHEP ABS11-0535

ModeD0D0KK8190 1408030 140366069367468

Chart1

1.93.29848450053.29848450051.28322362152.53203360790.0344136351

-4.98.19084855198.19084855191.28322362152.53203360790.034413635

4.84.63249392884.6324939288

1.021.43178210631.4317821063

ACPpipi(%)

pilnuklnu

ACPPIPIratio lowratio hisystot err lowtot err highave errorratio/err**21/errsqsqrdev

Cleo1.93.23.20.83.29848450053.29848450053.29848450050.17463235290.09191176470.0349644394

E791-4.97.87.82.58.19084855198.19084855198.1908485519-0.073036220.0149053510.5698651715

FOCUS4.8003.9003.9002.5004.63249392884.63249392884.63249392880.22367194780.04659832250.5763148228

CDF1.021.31.30.61.43178210631.43178210631.43178210630.49756097560.4878048780.033798378

ndof3CL75.8%1.1799783722

0.82282905640.64122031621.28322362151.2488099864

01.28322362151.24880998642.53203360790.034413635

181.28322362151.24880998642.53203360790.034413635

0

pilnuklnu

3.29848450053.29848450051

8.19084855198.1908485519

4.63249392884.6324939288

1.43178210631.4317821063

ACPpipi(%)

Chart1

02.34093998212.34093998211.1517249862.19521973110.10823024091

-15.04479930235.04479930231.1517249862.19521973110.1082302409

-0.12.66270539112.6627053911

21.34164078651.3416407865

ACPKK(%)

pilnuklnu

ACPKKratio lowratio hisystot err lowtot err highave errorratio/err**21/errsqsqrdev

Cleo02.22.20.82.34093998212.34093998212.340939982100.18248175180.2420566502

E791-14.94.91.25.04479930235.04479930235.0447993023-0.03929273080.03929273080.1819222167

FOCUS-0.1002.2002.2001.5002.66270539112.66270539112.6627053911-0.01410437240.14104372360.2209894839

CDF21.21.20.61.34164078651.34164078651.34164078651.11111111110.55555555560.3997613886

ndof3CL84.9%0.8026730891

1.05771400790.91837376181.1517249861.0434947451

01.1517249861.04349474512.19521973110.1082302409

181.1517249861.04349474512.19521973110.1082302409

0

pilnuklnu

2.34093998212.34093998211

5.04479930235.0447993023

2.66270539112.6627053911

1.34164078651.3416407865

ACPKK(%)

ACP

ACP

CLEO

(0.0 ( 2.2 ( 0.8)%

(1.9 ( 3.2 ( 0.8)%

E791

((1.0 ( 4.9 ( 1.2)%

((4.9 ( 7.8 ( 2.5)%

FOCUS

((0.1 ( 2.2 ( 1.5)%

(4.8 ( 3.9 ( 2.5)%

CDF

(2.0 ( 1.7 ( 0.6)%

(1.0 ( 1.3 ( 0.6)%

_1152625209.unknown

_1153688606.unknown

Rare DecaysFCNC modes are suppressed by the GIM mechanism:The lepton flavor violating mode is strictly forbidden.Beyond the Standard Model, New Physics may enhance these, e.g.,

R-parity violating SUSY:(Burdman et al., Phys. Rev. D66, 014009).

standard model rate ~ 10-3standard model rate ~ 10-13 (10-23 )mass(p+,p-) (GeV)Reference channel:~ 10,000 events in search window(depending on final state).Search channelsLarge backgrounds, only D0 final states are tractable in e+e- at 10 GeV so far.Use D*D0 tag.Measure relative to D .3 evt1 evt0 evtICHEP ABS11-0964BigImprovement!

Rare Decay SummaryFor D+ all charged final states are well-suited to fixedtarget experiments FOCUS has best limitsExpt. sensitivity 10-5-10-6Just beginning to confrontmodels of New Physics inan interesting way.Outlook: brightCDF, B factories,charm factories,BTeV.Presented atthis conferenceAugust2004Close to Long Distance PredictionsSets MSSM constraintStill plenty of roomfor New Physics.

BEPCII/BESIII Project Design Two ring machine 93 bunches each Luminosity 1033 cm-2 s-1 @1.89GeV 6 1032 cm-2 s-1 @1.55GeV 6 1032 cm-2 s-1 @ 2.1GeV New BESIIIStatus and Schedule Most contracts signed Linac installed 2004 Ring installed 2005 BESIII in place 2006 Commissioning BEPCII/BESIII beginning of 2007

SummaryThis comes at a fortuitous time, recent breakthroughs in precision lattice QCD need detailed data to test against. Charm can provide that data. If the lattice passes the charm test it can be used with increased confidence by: BABAR/Belle/CDF/D0//LHC-b/ATLAS/CMS/BTeV to achieve precision determinationsof the CKM matrix elements Vub, Vcb, Vts, and Vtd thereby maximizing the sensitivityof heavy quark flavor physics to physics beyond the Standard Model. New Physics searches in D mixing, D CP violation and in rare decays by BABAR, Belle and CDF have become considerably more sensitive in the past year, however all results are null. In charms role as a natural testing ground for QCD techniques there has beensolid progress. The start of data taking at the y(3770) by BESII and CLEO-c(and later BESIII) promises an era of precision absolute charm branching ratios.

The precision with which the charm decay constant fD+ is known has already improvedfrom 100% to ~20%. A reduction in errors for decay constants and form factors to the few % level is promised.Charm is enabling quark flavor physics to reach its full potential. Or in pictures.

Theoretical errorsdominatewidth ofbands2004Precision theory + charm = large impact

2004precision QCD calculationstested with precision charmdata theory errors of afew % on B system decay constants & semileptonicform factors500 fb-1 @ BABAR/BellePrecision theory + charm = large impact+

Results I did not have time to cover:Measurement of [11-0953]Relative BF of Cabibbo-suppressed decay modes [11-0963]Study of and [11-0938](See excellent talk by Matt Charles in Parallel Session 11 HQ(5) for details.)S. Bianco, F. L. Fabbri, D. Benson & I. Bigi, hep-ex/0309021.G. Burdman & I. Shipsey, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci., 2003, hep-ph/0310076. Thanks to the BABAR, Belle, BES II, CDF, CLEO/CLEO-c, and FOCUS collaborations for producing such beautiful results. For their help providing plots and information for this talk thanks to: BABAR: Matt Charles, Milind Purohit, Jeff Richman.Belle: Tom Browder, Ji Lin, Bruce Yablsey.BESII: Jiangchuan Chen, Fred Harris, Gang Rong, Li Weiguo.CDF: Alex Cerri, Stefano Giagu.CLEO-c Yongsheng Gao, Nabil Meena, Anders Ryd, Batbold Sanghi, Seunghee Son, Victor Pavlunin.FOCUS: John Cumalat, Will Johns, Daniele Pedrini, Jim Wiss.CKM Fitter: Andreas Hoecker, Lydia Roos.For more detail on results presented see talks in HQ(5) & HQ(6) by: Alex Cerri, Matt Charles, Jiangchuan Chen, Yongsheng Gao, Ji Lin, Milind Purohit, Gang Rong, and Anders Ryd. Two recent reviews:

Additional Slides

high precision determination Vub, Vcb, Vts, Vtd, Vcs, Vcd, & associated phases. Over-constrain the Unitarity Triangles - Inconsistencies New physics !Precision measurements in charm, especially absolute rates can calibrate QCD techniques that will enable precise new measurements at Bfactories/Tevatron to be translated into greatly improved CKM precision.Precision Quark Flavor Physics CKMMatrixCurrentStatus:NcVud, Vus & Vcb best determined due to flavor symmetries: I, SU(3), HQS. Charm (Vcd & Vcs) beauty (Vub, Vtd, Vts) poorly determined. theoretical errors dominate.The goalstatus Solution 111leibeigFree/bound

Bd & Bs mixing & Charm Decay ConstantsfB2BB = (223 33 12)2 MeV2 |Vtd|.|Vtb| = (9.2 1.4 0.5) 10 3(15-20% error)TypicalLattice valueALEPH,CDF,DELPHI,OPAL.SLDWorld AverageDms

Role of precision absolute charm branching ratios As B Factory data sets grow, & calculation of F improve a limiting systematic:dB(DK)/dB(DK) dVcb/Vcb=1.2%Vcb Zero recoil in B D*l+ & B Dl+Lattice & sum rule ALEPH, DELPHI,L3,OPAL.BABAR/BELLE,ARGUS/CLEOHQET spin symmetry test:Test factorization with B DDsUnderstanding charm content of B decay (nc)Precision Z bb and Z cc (Rb & Rc)At LHC/LC H bb H cc (HFAG Summer 2004)

CKM matrix elements Vcs Vcd at BESIIBES use current theoretical predictions with errors estimated at ~10%Vcd/Vcd 7%1.3%13%Note: Goal of lattice QCD few % error on PDGVcs/Vcs ~10%Vcd/Vcd =23%Best Determinationwith KlnNot yetcompetitiveVcsVcdVcs ~1Vcd =sinqc

|Vcs|(Expt) (theory)

|Vcd|(Expt) (theory)

BES(QCDSR)

1.0 ( 0.05 ( 0.15

0.25 ( 0.05 ( 0.05

BES(LQCD(1 )

BES(LQCD(2))

0.29 ( 0.06 ( 0.03

PDG2004

0.97 ( 0.11(W(cs)

0.224 ( 0.012

_1154351979.unknown

_1154372847.unknown

_1154351804.unknown

D+ K*mn & Ds fmn form factor ratiosResults are getting very precise and more calculations are needed. Absolute values of indivudual form factiors soon with improved precision promised by CLEO-c.circa 1999Dsfln form factor should be within 10% of D K*ln R2 for Dsfln was 2 higher than D K*ln until FOCUS (2004) . circa 2004

Chart2

1.570.31400636940.31400636940.7927388490.86600390640.71947379151.58849165721.82725557291.3497277415

1.40.58309518950.58309518950.7927388490.86600390640.71947379151.58849165721.82725557291.3497277415

2.10.58523499550.5852349955

1.10.80622577480.8062257748

0.780.170.17

0.330.330.33

1.300

R2

Sheet4

kstarlnu

BEAT1.450.230.070.240416305625.086505190317.301038062310.150.030.152970585442.73504273542.735042735

E791exp1.870.080.070.1063014581165.486725663788.49557522120.730.060.080.173100

E6871.740.270.280.388973006811.50033046936.60938532720.780.180.10.205912602818.396226415123.5849056604

E65320.330.160.366742416414.86988847587.43494423790.820.220.110.245967477513.553719008316.5289256198

E69120.60.30.67082039324.44444444442.222222222200.50.20.538516480703.4482758621

ISGW2QM201.3

ISGW1.4001

WSB1.4001.3

KS1001

AW/GS2000.8

Stech1.55001.06

BKSLG1.990.220.330.39661064030.70.160.170.2334523506

LMMS1.60.200.20.40.40.4

LANL1.750.0900.090.870.210.21

ECL1.30.200.20.60.30.3

APE1.60.300.30.70.40.4

UKQCD1.40.3500.350.90.20.2

BBD2.20.20.21.20.20.2

221.3878942436122.06316507081.81371582590.0905123179147.6849881584186.29714987730.7927388490.0732650575

01.81371582590.09051231791.90422814371.72320350800.7927388490.07326505750.86600390640.7194737915

191.81371582590.09051231791.90422814371.723203508190.7927388490.07326505750.86600390640.7194737915

BBD

kstarlnu

00.24041630560.2404163056000

00.10630145810.1063014581000

00.38897300680.3889730068

00.36674241640.3667424164

00.67082039320.6708203932

000

000

000

000

000

000

00.39661064030.3966106403

00.20.2

00.090.09

00.20.2

00.30.3

00.350.35

00.20.2

0

Rv

philnu

00.15297058540.1529705854000

00.10.1000

00.20591260280.2059126028

00.24596747750.2459674775

00.53851648070.5385164807

0

0

0

0

0

0

00.23345235060.2334523506

00.40.4

00.210.21

00.30.3

00.40.4

00.20.2

00.20.2

R2

Sheet3

E791exp2.270.350.220.413400532213.2826214165.85137507311.570.250.190.314006369415.922920892510.1419878296

CLEO0.90.60.30.670820393222.22222222221.40.50.30.58309518954.11764705882.9411764706

E6531.310.41.07703296141.12068965520.86206896552.10.550.20.58523499556.13138686132.9197080292

E6871.80.90.20.92195444572.11764705881.17647058821.10.80.10.80622577481.69230769231.5384615385

BKSLGT20.190.220.29068883710.780.080.150.17

LMMS1.650.210.210.330.330.33

ISGW2Quark2.101.30

18.5209581310.11213684911.83155730650.314469500527.864262504917.54133386791.58849165720.2387639157

01.83155730650.31446950052.1460268071.51708780601.58849165720.23876391571.82725557291.3497277415

181.83155730650.31446950052.1460268071.517087806181.58849165720.23876391571.82725557291.3497277415

01.81371582590.09051231791.90422814371.72320350800.7927388490.07326505750.86600390640.7194737915

191.81371582590.09051231791.90422814371.723203508190.7927388490.07326505750.86600390640.7194737915

Sheet3

00.41340053220.4134005322000000

00.67082039320.6708203932000000

01.07703296141.0770329614

00.92195444570.9219544457

00.29068883710.2906888371

00.210.21

000

RV

00.31400636940.3140063694000000

00.58309518950.5830951895000000

00.58523499550.5852349955

00.80622577480.8062257748

00.170.17

00.330.33

000

R2

Chart2

0.7129350.33357520440.33357520440.8299548150.88417034290.77573928711.29188047141.48603404841.0977268945

1.570.31400636940.31400636940.8299548150.88417034290.77573928711.29188047141.48603404841.0977268945

1.40.58309518950.5830951895

2.10.58523499550.5852349955

1.10.80622577480.8062257748

0.780.170.17

0.330.330.33

1.300

R2

Sheet4

kstarlnu

Focus1.5040.0570.0390.0690651866315.3039832285209.643605870.8750.0490.0640.0806039701134.6775434816153.9171925504

BEAT1.450.230.070.240416305625.086505190317.301038062310.150.030.152970585442.73504273542.735042735

E791exp1.870.080.070.1063014581165.486725663788.49557522120.730.060.080.173100

E6871.740.270.280.388973006811.50033046936.60938532720.780.180.10.205912602818.396226415123.5849056604

E65320.330.160.366742416414.86988847587.43494423790.820.220.110.245967477513.553719008316.5289256198

E69120.60.30.67082039324.44444444442.222222222200.50.20.538516480703.4482758621

ISGW2QM201.3

ISGW1.4001

WSB1.4001.3

KS1001

AW/GS2000.8

Stech1.55001.06

BKSLG1.990.220.330.39661064030.70.160.170.2334523506

LMMS1.60.200.20.40.40.4

LANL1.750.0900.090.870.210.21

ECL1.30.200.20.60.30.3

APE1.60.300.30.70.40.4

UKQCD1.40.3500.350.90.20.2

BBD2.20.20.21.20.20.2

536.6918774721331.70677094081.61797082390.0549063826282.36253164340.21434242770.8299548150.0542155279

01.61797082390.05490638261.67287720651.563064441300.8299548150.05421552790.88417034290.7757392871

201.61797082390.05490638261.67287720651.5630644413190.8299548150.05421552790.88417034290.7757392871

BBD

kstarlnu

00.06906518660.0690651866000

00.24041630560.2404163056000

00.10630145810.1063014581

00.38897300680.3889730068

00.36674241640.3667424164

00.67082039320.6708203932

000

000

000

000

000

000

00.39661064030.3966106403

00.20.2

00.090.09

00.20.2

00.30.3

00.350.35

00.20.2

Rv

philnu

00.08060397010.0806039701000

00.15297058540.1529705854000

00.10.1

00.20591260280.2059126028

00.24596747750.2459674775

00.53851648070.5385164807

0

0

0

0

0

0

00.23345235060.2334523506

00.40.4

00.210.21

00.30.3

00.40.4

00.20.2

00.20.2

R2

Sheet3

Focus1.5490.2500.1450.288812405418.567673196111.98859565160.7130.2020.2660.33357520446.40711345598.9869531668

E791exp2.270.350.220.413400532213.2826214165.85137507311.570.250.190.314006369415.922920892510.1419878296

CLEO0.90.60.30.670820393222.22222222221.40.50.30.58309518954.11764705882.9411764706

E6531.310.41.07703296141.12068965520.86206896552.10.550.20.58523499556.13138686132.9197080292

E6871.80.90.20.92195444572.11764705881.17647058821.10.80.10.80622577481.69230769231.5384615385

BKSLGT20.190.220.29068883710.780.080.150.17

LMMS1.650.210.210.330.330.33

ISGW2Quark2.101.30

37.088631326222.10073250071.67816298960.212714289734.271375960926.52828703461.29188047140.1941535769

01.67816298960.21271428971.89087727941.465448699901.29188047140.19415357691.48603404841.0977268945

181.67816298960.21271428971.89087727941.4654486999181.29188047140.19415357691.48603404841.0977268945

01.61797082390.05490638261.67287720651.563064441300.8299548150.05421552790.88417034290.7757392871

201.61797082390.05490638261.67287720651.5630644413190.8299548150.05421552790.88417034290.7757392871

Sheet3

00.28881240540.2888124054000000

00.41340053220.4134005322000000

00.67082039320.6708203932

01.07703296141.0770329614

00.92195444570.9219544457

00.29068883710.2906888371

00.210.21

000

RV

00.33357520440.3335752044000000

00.31400636940.3140063694000000

00.58309518950.5830951895

00.58523499550.5852349955

00.80622577480.8062257748

00.170.17

00.330.33

000

R2

mass(m+,m-) (GeV)mass(m+,m-) (GeV)Reference channel:with similar kinematics.Search channel:3 events insearch windowB(J/ym+,m-) = (5.88 0.10) %+need to know relative production crosssection for J/y and D18 eventsBR(D0+) < 2.010-6 (90% CL)3 evt6 eventshep-ex/0405059,

Three Types of CP Violationf D0 D0 D0 D0 f Df 222f f f D0 D0 D0 D0 D0f 2D02++Mixing (AM)Interference between mixing and decay (f)Decay (AD)|Af| |Af |SM: Extremely small SM: Small becausemixing is smallExperiments focus mostly on AD