Civil War Leaders and Battles part 1.pptx
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7/27/2019 Civil War Leaders and Battles part 1.pptx
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EOCT Review Question-Example of social mobility
-inventor, writer, diplomat
-helped convince France to send aid
during American Revolution
Which of the following is described by thelist?
a. Thomas Jefferson
b. Marquis de Lafayette
c. Benjamin Franklin
d. John Adams
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Unit 4: A Nation Divided
Lesson 4: Civil War Leaders and
Battles part 1
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SSUSH9
c. Describe the roles of Ulysses Grant,
Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson,
William T. Sherman, and Jefferson Davis.
f. Explain the importance of the growing
economic disparity between the North and
the South through an examination of
population, functioning railroads, andindustrial output.
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New Political Parties
As tensions heighten, in 1854 Northern
Democrats (who opposed slavery) and
Free Soilers ( a party opposing slaveryin the new territories) unite
They call their new party the Republican
Party Abraham Lincoln (from Illinois) will
emerge as the parties leader
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1860: Abraham Lincoln is elected
In the 1860 Presidential election, Abraham Lincolnwas considered a"dark horse" candidate. Lincoln
ran on the Republican platform of opposition to
the extension of slavery in the westernterritories.
He was elected with only 40% of the popular vote.Several Southern states declared they wouldsecede from the Union if Abraham Lincoln
became President.
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Secession
Secession: The act of separating from theUnion.
South Carolina ceded December 20, 1860
By February 1, 1861 seven states had
seceded from the United States.(South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia,
Louisiana and Texas)
These seven states formed the ConfederateStates of Americaand elected Jefferson Davis
as their President.
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Fort Sumter, Charleston, SC Fort Sumter, a Union fort in Charleston Harbor, is
surrounded after South Carolina secedes in December1860
The Union refused tosurrender the fort and
Jefferson Davis ordersSouthern troops to
attack the fort with
cannons
After 33 hours, Unionsoldiers surrendered,starting the Civil War
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Americans Expect a Short
War Both the North and South thought they were
right in the war.
2 sides were unevenly matched how??
Union: More fighting power, more factories,
greater food production, better RR
system, weaker military leaders Confederacy:
Had a lot of money (off of cotton), great
military leadership, motivated soldiers
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Jefferson Davis (Confederacy-South)
Was the first and onlyPresident of the
Confederate States of
America (1861-1865)
Appointed Robert E. Lee
commander of Army of
Northern Virginia in 1862
Believed theConfederacy should stay
on the defense
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Robert E. Lee (Confederacy-South)
Resigned from the US Army tofight for the Confederacy: was
against slavery but didnt want tofight against the South
Named commander of the Armyof Northern Virginia in 1862
Lee believed that theConfederacy should use theirmilitary expertise on go on theoffensive
Led the Confederacy to manyvictories; however, his offensive
attempts to invade the North failed(Battle of Antietam and Battle ofGettysburg)
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Thomas Stonewall Jackson(Confederacy-
South)-Played a major role in defeating the
Union Army at the first major battleof the war (Bull Run-1861), the
loss at Bull Run made the Union
realize that it would be a
prolonged war
-Fought with Lee at Antietam
-Helped defeat the Union Army at
Fredericksburg (1862) and
Chancellorsville (1863)-Was accidently shot at night by his
own men at Chancellorsville and
died 8 days later
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Ulysses Grant (Union-North)
Had early success fightingin the west (TN, LA, MS)
Captured Vicksburg, MSgiving the Union control of
the Mississippi River Lincoln promoted him to
commander of the entireUnion Army in 1864
Fights Lee in a series ofbattles ending inLeessurrender at Appomattox in1865
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William Sherman (Union-
North)
Fought with Grant atVicksburg
Named Union Commander
of the West (1864)
Attacked and destroyed the
city of Atlanta, a major
southern railroad center, in
the fall of 1864 (Shermans
March) & captured
Savannah (Major port)
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Exit!
1. What happened as a result of
the Abraham Lincolns election
in 1860?
2. Why were shots fired at Fort
Sumter?