Information from thehistoryplace.com, PBS, The American Nation textbook, and historychannel.com

Ft. Ft. SumterSumter

• After the Revolution, U.S. beefed up security along the coast by building forts, like Ft. Sumter, off the shore of Charleston, SC.

• When SC seceded, SC believed that any previous government holdings should belong to SC.

S.C. tried to negotiate w/U.S., but getting nowhere w/ that, they surrounded the harbor and the

fort w/ men and artillery.U.S. Maj. Robert Anderson

had only 88 men and enough rations for a couple of weeks.

Gen. Beauregard waited.

• Confederate Pres. Davis got word that U.S. Pres. Lincoln was sending reinforcements to the fort, so he ordered Beauregard to attack the fort.

Lincoln Davis

Beauregard began about 4:30 A.M., April 12, 1861.

• 34 hours later, Anderson and his men surrendered the fort.

Days later…

• Virginia seceded.

• Lincoln blockaded southern ports.

Weeks later…

• Ark., Tenn., and N. Carolina seceded, making 11 CSA(Confederate) states.

• July 4, 1861, Lincoln called for 500,000 Union recruits.

July 21, 1861…about 25 miles from Washington, D.C.

• Stonewall Jackson got his nickname helping Johnston defeat McDowell @ Bull Run. Lincoln saw the South as a tough opponent.

• Lincoln replaced McDowell w/ McClellan, making him Commander of the Potomac, and later, all Union forces.

Feb. 1862• “Unconditional Surrender” Grant won battles @ Fort Henry and Fort Donelson, leaving the TN River and Nashville in Union hands.

March 1862-Hampton Rds.,VA

• The South rebuilt USS Merrimack as ironclad CSS Virginia. She sank 2 ships, then tied w/ the ironclad Monitor.

March 8-9, March 8-9, 1862 1862

Peninsular Peninsular CampaignCampaign • McClellanMcClellan

went from went from Washington Washington down the down the Potomac Potomac towardtoward Richmond, VARichmond, VA (CSA capital).(CSA capital).

• April 6-7,1862 Grant Grant surprised surprised @@ShilohShiloh,,TN TN Casualties : Casualties : 13,00013,000//10,000 10,000 More than in all More than in all previous wars combined!previous wars combined!

April 24, 1862

• Union Navy’s officer Farragut took New Orleans. His famous quote later in the war: “Damn the torpedoes! Full speed ahead!”

May 31, 1862

• Battle of 7 Pines

• CSA Gen. Johnston attacked McClelland close to Richmond. Johnston wounded.

June 1, 1862• Robert E.

Lee became the General of the “Army of Northern Virginia.”

June 25- July 1, 1862

• 7 Days Battles7 Days Battles

• CSA General Lee drove McClellan back toward Washington

August 29-30, 1862 August 29-30, 1862 22ndnd Battle of Bull Run Battle of Bull Run

• CSA had 20,000 fewer men, Stonewall Jackson and James Longstreet sent Pope’s Union troops back to Washington.

• Lincoln relieved Union General Pope of his command.

September 17,1862Antietam, Maryland

• Lee with 50,000 pushed northward.

• McClellan cut him off with 90,000.

Antietam -The Antietam -The bloodiestbloodiest battle battle

• Over 26,000 casualties. Lee went back to VA.