civil survey.ppt

8/19/2019 civil survey.ppt

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Civil EngineeringCivil Engineering

SurveyingSurveyingAdapted from:Adapted from:

Roy FrankRoy Frank


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Planning A SurveyPlanning A Survey

Planning requires a well roundedPlanning requires a well rounded

understanding of surveyingunderstanding of surveying

practicespractices

Process:Process:

11 C!oice of accuracy required "dependsC!oice of accuracy required "depends

on use to #e made$on use to #e made$

11 %asic Control%asic Control

&& 'opograp!ic 'opograp!ic

(( P!otogrammetryP!otogrammetry


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&& E)isting ControlE)isting Control

11 Searc! records for e)isting control in areaSearc! records for e)isting control in area

11 *llinois +eological Survey , -r#ana. */*llinois +eological Survey , -r#ana. */

&& 0ational +eodetic Survey , Rolla. 2 or0ational +eodetic Survey , Rolla. 2 orRockville. arylandRockville. aryland

(( Reconnaissance:Reconnaissance:

11 Searc! Procedure:Searc! Procedure:

11 3escription often dated3escription often dated&& Can use +PS receiver "/at And /ong$Can use +PS receiver "/at And /ong$

(( Pro#e. detectors , often pro#lems 4Pro#e. detectors , often pro#lems 4 #rass#rass


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55 C!oice of *nstruments and et!odsC!oice of *nstruments and et!ods

11 3epends on availa#ility. location. e)isting3epends on availa#ility. location. e)isting

features. and accuracyfeatures. and accuracy

66 Computation and 3raftingComputation and 3rafting


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Accuracy and ErrorsAccuracy and Errors

Accuracy depends on:Accuracy depends on:

11 Precise instrumentsPrecise instruments

&& Precise et!odsPrecise et!ods

(( +ood Planning+ood Planning

E)ample: Angle turned wit!E)ample: Angle turned wit!

t!eodolite. pointed wit! care7t!eodolite. pointed wit! care7

readings c!ecked t!us goodreadings c!ecked t!us goodprecision Angle8s of &4(9 e)pected.precision Angle8s of &4(9 e)pected.

real results angle8s 169 accuracyreal results angle8s 169 accuracy


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ErrorsErrors

( 'ypes( 'ypes

11 %lunders%lunders

&& Systematic ErrorSystematic Error

(( Accidental ErrorAccidental Error

%lunder is a mistake. to !elp%lunder is a mistake. to !elp

eliminate:eliminate:

11 Every value to #e recorded must #eEvery value to #e recorded must #ec!ecked #y some independent ;eldc!ecked #y some independent ;eld

o#servationo#servation


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ErrorsErrors

&& 2nce c!eck indicates t!at t!ere is no2nce c!eck indicates t!at t!ere is no

#lunder. ;eld record must never #e#lunder. ;eld record must never #e

c!anged or destroyedc!anged or destroyed

(( An overall c!eck must #e applied toAn overall c!eck must #e applied toevery control survey ake as manyevery control survey ake as many

overall c!ecks as possi#leoverall c!ecks as possi#le


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ErrorsErrors

Systematic Error , an error t!at under t!eSystematic Error , an error t!at under t!e

same conditions will always #e of same si


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ErrorsErrors

Accidental Errors , "random errors$Accidental Errors , "random errors$

represent t!e limit of precision in t!erepresent t!e limit of precision in t!e

determination of a valuedetermination of a value

Corrected #e laws of pro#a#ilityCorrected #e laws of pro#a#ilityCompass Rule and /east SquaresCompass Rule and /east Squares


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=ydrograp!ic Surveys=ydrograp!ic Surveys

11 Surveys and mapping of #odies of waterSurveys and mapping of #odies of waterand s!orelinesand s!orelines

&& Rivers and /akes , Process di>erentRivers and /akes , Process di>erent

&& RiversRivers&& 0ormal process is to esta#lis! & parallel lines of0ormal process is to esta#lis! & parallel lines of

control points on opposite sidescontrol points on opposite sides

(( River Portion: & processesRiver Portion: & processes

&& E3 similar to radialE3 similar to radial

(( 3ual instrument wit! position #y angle and intersection3ual instrument wit! position #y angle and intersection(( /akes/akes

&& 0ormal process same as river #ut generally do not0ormal process same as river #ut generally do not!ave current pro#lems!ave current pro#lems


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2verall Process:2verall Process:

11 Esta#lis! control points #ot! !ori


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+auging Stations+auging Stations

Purpose is to install eit!er manually read orPurpose is to install eit!er manually read or

automatic gauges to determine stream.automatic gauges to determine stream.

river. lake. or ocean elevationsriver. lake. or ocean elevations

Process:Process:11 Esta#lis! system of %8s t!roug!out areaEsta#lis! system of %8s t!roug!out area

gauges will #e installedgauges will #e installed

&& Esta#lis! elevation mark at site forEsta#lis! elevation mark at site for

installationinstallation

(( After gauges are installed. c!eck elevationAfter gauges are installed. c!eck elevationof eac!of eac!


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'opograp!ic Surveys 'opograp!ic Surveys

%asic et!ods %asic et!ods

11 RadialRadial

&& PlusB2>setPlusB2>set&& Plus 2>setPlus 2>set

&& Esta#lis! #aseline "2ften centerline$. esta#lis!Esta#lis! #aseline "2ften centerline$. esta#lis!points at station interval 6@8. 1@@8. &@@8points at station interval 6@8. 1@@8. &@@8

(( 'ie planimetric data #y distance down line plus 'ie planimetric data #y distance down line plus

distance rig!t or left "looking up stationing$distance rig!t or left "looking up stationing$

55 Esta#lis! elevations on station points t!enEsta#lis! elevations on station points t!enelevation out a predetermined distance wit!elevation out a predetermined distance wit!s!ots at #reakss!ots at #reaks


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55 3ue additional section to locate features in3ue additional section to locate features in#etween stations#etween stations

66 Equipment: 'ape. /evel. Rod. 'ransit. 4 Rig!tEquipment: 'ape. /evel. Rod. 'ransit. 4 Rig!tAngle PrismAngle Prism

&& +rid et!od+rid et!od11 'ake cross Section +roups and Com#ine 'ake cross Section +roups and Com#ine&& Esta#lis! +rid #aseline , often property lineEsta#lis! +rid #aseline , often property line

(( Esta#lis! Perpendicular lineEsta#lis! Perpendicular line

55 %ot! arked at grid interval "&68. 6@8$%ot! arked at grid interval "&68. 6@8$

66 Planimetric tied plusBo>set in eac! gridPlanimetric tied plusBo>set in eac! grid +rid laid out #y dou#le taping+rid laid out #y dou#le taping

DD Field notes 1 , & gridsBpageField notes 1 , & gridsBpage


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(( P!otogrammetryP!otogrammetry

11 /imitations/imitations

11 'rees , /eaves o> , no large growt!s of 'rees , /eaves o> , no large growt!s of

coniferousconiferous

&& +round Cover , grass. t!ick weeds and+round Cover , grass. t!ick weeds and

vines. snowvines. snow

(( Clear SkyClear Sky

55 'all %uildings 'all %uildings

3ue to t!ese /imitations *llinois only !as on3ue to t!ese /imitations *llinois only !as on

t!e average of & weeks ying timet!e average of & weeks ying time


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Scale , P!otoScale , P!oto S "fB=8$S "fB=8$ Coordinates From P!otosCoordinates From P!otos A ")aBf$"=4!a$A ")aBf$"=4!a$

GA "yaBf$"=4!a$ GA "yaBf$"=4!a$ =eig!t of an o#Hect=eig!t of an o#Hect r radial dist to topr radial dist to top d radial dist to top ,d radial dist to top ,

radial dist to #ottomradial dist to #ottom ! d "=8$ B r! d "=8$ B r


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55 +PS: 'otal Station System+PS: 'otal Station System11 %asic of +PS%asic of +PS

11 'opo wit! +PS 'opo wit! +PS

&& 'opo: 'rim#le 'otal Station "R'I$ 'opo: 'rim#le 'otal Station "R'I$&& /imitations:/imitations:

11 ust #e a#le to maintain satellite signal ,ust #e a#le to maintain satellite signal , 'rees. %uilding 'rees. %uilding

&& Signal Reection "ultipat!$ , %uildings.Signal Reection "ultipat!$ , %uildings.Fences. RoofsFences. Roofs

(( 3e#ate over elevation "@168 JB4 my #elief$3e#ate over elevation "@168 JB4 my #elief$


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66 'race Contour 'race Contour

11 -sed to identify several contours-sed to identify several contours

around an areaaround an area

Plane 'a#le SurveysPlane 'a#le Surveys

11 Rarely usedRarely used

&& et!od prepares a manuscript map inet!od prepares a manuscript map in

t!e ;eldt!e ;eld


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apping and ap 3raftingapping and ap 3rafting

& %asic 'ypes of aps used in& %asic 'ypes of aps used in

EngineeringEngineering

11 /ine 3rawing/ine 3rawing

&& P!otogrametrically preparedP!otogrametrically prepared

manuscript or ort!op!oto mapmanuscript or ort!op!oto map


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11 3atum in apping:3atum in apping: 3atum used to correlate measurements.3atum used to correlate measurements.

to determine elevations and !orierent locations 'opograp!ic aps using Sym#ols S!ow: 'opograp!ic aps using Sym#ols S!ow:

11 Spatial con;guration of Eart!s surfaceSpatial con;guration of Eart!s surface

"contours$"contours$

&& 0atural Features "/akes. Rivers. etc$0atural Features "/akes. Rivers. etc$

(( P!ysical C!anges caused #y manP!ysical C!anges caused #y man


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&& Planning apsPlanning aps -sed in planning Engineering work or-sed in planning Engineering work or

overall planning at t!e ur#an. Regional.overall planning at t!e ur#an. Regional.

or 0ational /evelsor 0ational /evels

(( Plotting Contours:Plotting Contours: *nterpolation:*nterpolation:

11 EstimationEstimation&& ComputationComputation


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55 ContoursContours C!aracteristics of Contours:C!aracteristics of Contours:

11 =orierent contours do not merge or cross one anot!er

"e)cept vertical walls. over!angs. cli>s$ on map"e)cept vertical walls. over!angs. cli>s$ on map


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Factors t!at inuence c!oice of mapFactors t!at inuence c!oice of map

scalescale

11 Clarity wit! w!ic! features can #e s!ownClarity wit! w!ic! features can #e s!own

&& Cost "larger scale , !ig!er cost$Cost "larger scale , !ig!er cost$(( Correlation of ap data wit! related mapsCorrelation of ap data wit! related maps

55 3esired si


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66 ap Classi;cationsap Classi;cations %ased on American Society of Civil%ased on American Society of Civil

Engineering. Surveying. and appingEngineering. Surveying. and apping

3ivision3ivision

11 3esign aps:3esign aps: -sed to design and construct-sed to design and construct

*nformation s!own on aps:*nformation s!own on aps:


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11 '!e following s!ould #e on a map: '!e following s!ould #e on a map:

11 3irection of eridian "0ort!$3irection of eridian "0ort!$

&& +rap!ical Scale "%ar in case of reduction$+rap!ical Scale "%ar in case of reduction$

(( /egend or key of sym#ols/egend or key of sym#ols55 'itle %lock "identi;ers$ 'itle %lock "identi;ers$

66 Contour *ntervalContour *nterval

3atum to w!ic! #ot! =ori


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&& *f map is to #ecome pu#lic record*f map is to #ecome pu#lic record"su#division$ *t must contain in addition"su#division$ *t must contain in addition

to t!e a#ove:to t!e a#ove:

11 /engt! of eac! line/engt! of eac! line

&& 3irection of eac! line "#earing or angles$3irection of eac! line "#earing or angles$

(( Su#division num#ering system "lot and #lock$Su#division num#ering system "lot and #lock$

55 /ocation and Iind of monuments/ocation and Iind of monuments

66 0ames of property owners "on site and0ames of property owners "on site andadHacent$adHacent$

Full description of %oundaryFull description of %oundary

DD Certi;cate of Surveyor t!at map is correctCerti;cate of Surveyor t!at map is correct


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Planning and Estimating fromPlanning and Estimating from

'opo aps 'opo aps

11 Purpose of 'opo mapsPurpose of 'opo maps

&& Pro;lesPro;les

(( +rade contour+rade contour

55 3rainage Area3rainage Area /imits determined #y following c!aracteristics:/imits determined #y following c!aracteristics:

11 %egins and ends at t!e point in t!e stream to w!ic! it%egins and ends at t!e point in t!e stream to w!ic! it

appliesapplies

&& Passes t!roug! every saddle t!at divides drainage areaPasses t!roug! every saddle t!at divides drainage area(( 2ften follows ridges2ften follows ridges

66 Reservoir CapacityReservoir Capacity


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Eart!work Computations #yEart!work Computations #y

Average End AreaAverage End Area

Prepare Cross SectionsPrepare Cross Sections 3i>erentiate #etween e)isting L proposed3i>erentiate #etween e)isting L proposed

Planimeter Cross SectionsPlanimeter Cross Sections Amount of cut L ;ll for eac! cross sectionAmount of cut L ;ll for eac! cross section %eginning and end stations !ave @ value%eginning and end stations !ave @ value

Compute KolumeCompute Kolume Conversion Constant: 1M6& "1@@B&D$B & N"Sta 3ist$BConversion Constant: 1M6& "1@@B&D$B & N"Sta 3ist$B

OCFBCGQ B &OCFBCGQ B &


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Eart!work #y Average EndEart!work #y Average End

AreaArea EAR'=2RI %G AKERA+E E03 AREAEAR'=2RI %G AKERA+E E03 AREA

"EAP/E$"EAP/E$ E03 AREAS:E03 AREAS:

S'A'*20S'A'*20 C-'C-' E%A0IE0'E%A0IE0' @J@@@J@@ @ @ @ @

1J@@1J@@ 1@ 1@ 16 16

&J@&J@ 6@ 6@ D6 D6

(J@@ 1D(J@@ 1D 16& 16& 5JM@5JM@ 6 6 11@ 11@

6J@@6J@@ @ @ @ @


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SAP/E E03 AREASAP/E E03 AREA

S'A'*20S'A'*20 S-S-S-S-

C-' F*//C-' F*// C-' F*// 3B1@@ C-' F*//C-' F*// 3B1@@ C-' F*//

C-' F*//C-' F*//

@J@@ @ @@J@@ @ @

1@ 16 1@ 1@ 16 1@1@ 16 1@ 1@ 16 1@16 16

1J@@ 1@ 161J@@ 1@ 16

@ 61 1 16&& 1@@ 61 1 16&& 1@1DM 1DM

&J@ 6@ D6&J@ 6@ D6 &5D &(&1 @5 & &@6&5D &(&1 @5 & &@6

&@D &@D

(J@@ 1D 16&(J@@ 1D 16&

&@& 1( 1M (5 &56 6&@& 1( 1M (5 &56 6666& 666&

5JM@ 6 11@5JM@ 6 11@

6 11@ @& 1 && 6D@6 11@ @& 1 && 6D@66D5 66D5

C-': 6D@ 1M6& 1@6 Cu#ic GardsC-': 6D@ 1M6& 1@6 Cu#ic Gards

E%A0IE0': 66D5 1M6& 1@(&5 Cu#ic GardsE%A0IE0': 66D5 1M6& 1@(&5 Cu#ic Gards

Compaction Factor &6T. 1@(&5 CG 1&6 1&@6 CG FillCompaction Factor &6T. 1@(&5 CG 1&6 1&@6 CG Fill


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-S Rectangular System-S Rectangular System

UU*3EA/9 Process:*3EA/9 Process:

11 Area divided #y esta#lis!ment ofArea divided #y esta#lis!ment ofPrincipal eridians and %aselinesPrincipal eridians and %aselines

&& Area divided into &5 mile square tractsArea divided into &5 mile square tractsquadrangle using guide meridians andquadrangle using guide meridians andStandards of Parallel "correction lines$Standards of Parallel "correction lines$

(( 3ivide &5 mile3ivide &5 mileV tracts into 1 towns!ipsV tracts into 1 towns!ipseac! miles squareeac! miles square

55 3ivide towns!ips into ( one mile square3ivide towns!ips into ( one mile squaresectionssections


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-S Rectangular System-S Rectangular System

UU*3EA/9 Process:*3EA/9 Process:

11 Area divided #y esta#lis!ment ofArea divided #y esta#lis!ment ofPrincipal eridians and %aselinesPrincipal eridians and %aselines

&& Area divided into &5 mile square tractsArea divided into &5 mile square tractsquadrangle using guide meridians andquadrangle using guide meridians andStandards of Parallel "correction lines$Standards of Parallel "correction lines$

(( 3ivide &5 mile3ivide &5 mileV tracts into 1 towns!ipsV tracts into 1 towns!ipseac! miles squareeac! miles square

55 3ivide towns!ips into ( one mile square3ivide towns!ips into ( one mile squaresectionssections


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EasementsEasements

Easement is a /egal document w!ic!Easement is a /egal document w!ic!

allows someone to do somet!ing toallows someone to do somet!ing to

and or t!roug! your propertyand or t!roug! your property

'ypes: 'ypes:

11 Access "ingressBegress$Access "ingressBegress$

&& ConstructionConstruction

(( ater rig!tsater rig!ts

55 -tility-tility


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Easement must 3escri#eEasement must 3escri#e

11 !at it is for "purpose$!at it is for "purpose$

&& !o #etween!o #etween

ust #e signed #y all w!o8s name appears onust #e signed #y all w!o8s name appears on

deeddeed(( idt! of easementidt! of easement

55 3uration , speci;ed num#er of years or3uration , speci;ed num#er of years or

perpetual or lifeperpetual or life

66 3escription of w!ere located3escription of w!ere located

%ased on Rectangular system unless%ased on Rectangular system unlesssu#divisionsu#division


36/79

3escription et!od for3escription et!od for

aterline Easementsaterline Easements

A stripA strip (@(@ feet wide over. under. andfeet wide over. under. and

across t!eacross t!e WWWWW WWWWW side of t!eside of t!e WWWWW WWWWW XX

of t!e WWWWWX of Section.of t!e WWWWWX of Section. WWW WWW . 'WW WW.. 'WW WW.

RR WW WW WWof t!e WWof t!e WWW WWW P.P. WWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWW County. *llinois said strip lyingCounty. *llinois said strip lying WWWWWW WWWWWW of and adHacent to t!eof and adHacent to t!e WWWWWWW WWWWWWW rig!t ofrig!t of

way line of t!e e)isting pu#lic roadway line of t!e e)isting pu#lic road


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+lo#al Positioning System+lo#al Positioning System

"+PS$"+PS$ orldwide system of navigationorldwide system of navigation

satellites #y -S 3epartment ofsatellites #y -S 3epartment of

3efense3efense

Started in 1M&Started in 1M&

Civil +PS Service "C+S$Civil +PS Service "C+S$ Kiews civil users in ( groups:Kiews civil users in ( groups:

11 ProfessionalProfessional

&& CommercialCommercial

(( RecreationalRecreational


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"+PS$"+PS$ Provides info in 5 categories:Provides info in 5 categories:

11 Planning informationPlanning information

&& Current status informationCurrent status information

(( =istorical information=istorical information55 Responses to user questionsResponses to user questions


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"+PS$"+PS$ *nformation may #e o#tained from:*nformation may #e o#tained from:

11 32'BRSPA32'BRSPA

A''0 3A &A''0 3A &

Room M5@6Room M5@6 as!ington. 3C &@6@as!ington. 3C &@6@

&& CommandantCommandant

-SC+ =eadquarters-SC+ =eadquarters

+40R04&+40R04& &1@@ &&1@@ &ndnd Street SStreet S

as!ington. 3C &@6(as!ington. 3C &@6(


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"+PS$"+PS$

*nformation may #e o#tained from:*nformation may #e o#tained from:

(( 0ational +eodetic Survey0ational +eodetic Survey

02AA7 0BC+ 15&02AA7 0BC+ 15&

Rockwall (@Rockwall (@

Rockville. aryland &@M6&Rockville. aryland &@M6&


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"+PS$"+PS$ Satellites #roadcast on & #andsSatellites #roadcast on & #ands/1 modulated wit! P code "Precise Positioning/1 modulated wit! P code "Precise Positioning

Service , PPS$Service , PPS$

/& modulated wit! CBA code "Standard/& modulated wit! CBA code "StandardPositioning Service , SPS$Positioning Service , SPS$

CBA mode intended for general use andCBA mode intended for general use andcapa#le of providing single pointcapa#le of providing single point

positioningpositioning P mode is muc! more accurate #ut isP mode is muc! more accurate #ut isreserved for military and government usereserved for military and government use


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"+PS$"+PS$

Planning +PS Surveys , asPlanning +PS Surveys , as

important as t!e sop!isticatedimportant as t!e sop!isticated

needed to collect t!e dataneeded to collect t!e data

Planning P!ases:Planning P!ases:

Presurvey reconnaissance7 & stationsPresurvey reconnaissance7 & stations

site requirements7 ( connections tosite requirements7 ( connections to

e)isting geodetic control7 5 networke)isting geodetic control7 5 networkdesign7 6 satellite availa#ility7 design7 6 satellite availa#ility7

o#serving sc!eduleo#serving sc!edule


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"+PS$"+PS$ Reconnaissance "presurvey$Reconnaissance "presurvey$ *mportant to minimi


44/79


"+PS$"+PS$

Station site Selection "criticalStation site Selection "critical

factors$factors$

11 2#structions wit! elevations greater2#structions wit! elevations greater

t!an 16Y4&@Y a#ove !ori


45/79


"+PS$"+PS$

0etworks 3esign0etworks 3esign

11 3esign depends on3esign depends on

11 Surveys order and purposeSurveys order and purpose

&& 0um#er of receivers availa#le0um#er of receivers availa#le

(( 3esired spacing #etween stations3esired spacing #etween stations

&&

*t is #est to connect at least (*t is #est to connect at least (

e)isting geodetic control stationse)isting geodetic control stations

+l # l P i i i S


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"+PS$"+PS$ Field 2perationsField 2perations

11 Survey team structure , determinedSurvey team structure , determined

totally #y operation met!odtotally #y operation met!od 0um#ers depends on:0um#ers depends on:

11 0um#er of receivers0um#er of receivers

&& 0um#er and lengt! of o#servation0um#er and lengt! of o#servation

stationsstations(( 'ime spent transporting equipment 'ime spent transporting equipment

55 /ogistics and administrative needs/ogistics and administrative needs

l # l i i i+l # l P i i i S


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"+PS$"+PS$

&& 'ransportation 'ransportation

(( onumentationonumentation

55 Power supplyPower supply66 eat!ereat!er

+l # l i i i S+l # l P iti i S t


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"+PS$"+PS$ 'otal Process: 'otal Process:

11 Esta#lis! receivers and !ave all trackEsta#lis! receivers and !ave all tracksimultaneouslysimultaneously

&& 3ata cleaned , searc! for am#iguities3ata cleaned , searc! for am#iguitiesin data to identify correct integerin data to identify correct integervaluesvalues

(( All vector solutions are computedAll vector solutions are computed11 &4( are accomplis!ed #y #uilt in receiver&4( are accomplis!ed #y #uilt in receiver

computercomputer

55 3ata given #y longitude and latitude3ata given #y longitude and latitude


49/79

0ew System: 0AKS'AR0ew System: 0AKS'AR

/&C , civil signal , added to /& wit! P/&C , civil signal , added to /& wit! P

codecode%lock ** R Satellites , /aunc! &@@64&@@%lock ** R Satellites , /aunc! &@@64&@@

/6 , 0ew Frequency , more powerful/6 , 0ew Frequency , more powerfuland larger #andwidt!and larger #andwidt!Provides easier signal acquisition andProvides easier signal acquisition and

trackingtracking%lock **F Satellites%lock **F Satellites

Functional in mid &@1(Functional in mid &@1(

+PS Fi ld 3 C ll i+PS Fi ld 3 t C ll ti


50/79

+PS Field 3ata Collection+PS Field 3ata Collection

'ec!niques 'ec!niques

11 Static , minimum ( receiversStatic , minimum ( receivers 2ccupationBsession 14( !ours2ccupationBsession 14( !ours

P32P Z wit! 5 satellitesP32P Z wit! 5 satellites

2ccupy ( stations t!en move &. leap frog2ccupy ( stations t!en move &. leap frogtec!niquestec!niques

&& Pseudo Static , can work wit! & receiversPseudo Static , can work wit! & receivers 2ccupy for &46 minutes. eac! station must #e2ccupy for &46 minutes. eac! station must #e

occupied twice appro)imately & !ours apartoccupied twice appro)imately & !ours apart Can loose satellite lock for s!ort periodsCan loose satellite lock for s!ort periods

P32P Z 6 wit! 5 satellitesP32P Z 6 wit! 5 satellites

+PS Fi ld 3 t C ll ti+PS Fi ld 3 t C ll ti


51/79

+PS Field 3ata Collection+PS Field 3ata Collection

'ec!niques 'ec!niques(( Iinematics , & or more receiversIinematics , & or more receivers 2ccupy 14( minutes2ccupy 14( minutes ust track same 5 satellites minimum prefer 6ust track same 5 satellites minimum prefer 6 1 rec at #ase. rover occupies 1 min move. occupy1 rec at #ase. rover occupies 1 min move. occupy

1 min and at end go #ack to #eginning and repeat1 min and at end go #ack to #eginning and repeat

55 Stop and +o Iinematics , & #ases and 1 roverStop and +o Iinematics , & #ases and 1 rover 2ccupation time 141@ sec2ccupation time 141@ sec P32P Z wit! 5 satellitesP32P Z wit! 5 satellites

66 Real 'ime "R'I$ , #ase wit! radio transmitterReal 'ime "R'I$ , #ase wit! radio transmitter

and rover wit! radio receiverand rover wit! radio receiver 2ccupation 141@ sec2ccupation 141@ sec P32P Z P32P Z


52/79

unicipal Surveysunicipal Surveys

11 Control onuments and AssociatedControl onuments and Associatedapsaps

11 Kalue: used #y planners. engineers.Kalue: used #y planners. engineers.arc!itects. utilities. and surveyorsarc!itects. utilities. and surveyors

&& Planning apsPlanning aps

(( Steps of FieldworkSteps of Fieldwork11 Esta#lis! 0etwork of aHor Control onEsta#lis! 0etwork of aHor Control on

&& Run traverse connecting maHor control pointsRun traverse connecting maHor control points(( Run levels and esta#lis! %8s along traverseRun levels and esta#lis! %8s along traverse

networknetwork


53/79

2rder for proHect2rder for proHect

onuments: *ron pin wit! #ronerential most often used

, Avoid o#Hects t!at are not permanent ";reAvoid o#Hects t!at are not permanent ";re

!ydrants. power poles. etc$!ydrants. power poles. etc$


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Products:Products:

11 %ase ap , s!ows all control%ase ap , s!ows all control

station. traverse stations. %8s.station. traverse stations. %8s.

Streets. R2. and Pu#lic PropertyStreets. R2. and Pu#lic Property

&& 'opo ap 'opo ap

(( City Property Survey "location of allCity Property Survey "location of all

e)isting monuments$e)isting monuments$

55 -nderground ap "utility map$-nderground ap "utility map$

%asic Route Sur e and%asic Route Survey and


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%asic Route Survey and%asic Route Survey and

3esign3esign11 Concept for RouteConcept for Route

&& Reconnaissance StudyReconnaissance Study

11 Small scale mapping of region "1946@@8Small scale mapping of region "1946@@8

to 194&@@8$to 194&@@8$

&& *dentify Alternative Routes "corridors$*dentify Alternative Routes "corridors$

(( Corridor StudyCorridor Study

55 Pu#lic =earings on selected corridorPu#lic =earings on selected corridor



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3esign3esign(( Alignment 3esignAlignment 3esign

11 Preliminary medium scale mapping of corridorPreliminary medium scale mapping of corridor

&& Paper location studyPaper location study

(( C!oose desired alignmentC!oose desired alignment

55 Field location surveyField location survey11 Set P*8sSet P*8s

&& easure angle and distance #etween P*8seasure angle and distance #etween P*8s

(( C!oose and design curvesC!oose and design curves

55 Compute alignmentCompute alignment66 Set centerline stations "=u#s at 1@@8 S'A J PC LSet centerline stations "=u#s at 1@@8 S'A J PC L

P'$P'$

66 odify alignment if neededodify alignment if needed



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3esign3esign55 Roadway 3esignRoadway 3esign

11 Supplemental /arge Scale appingSupplemental /arge Scale apping11 =ori


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3esign3esign66 Rig!t of way surveysRig!t of way surveys

11 Requires parcel and strip mapsRequires parcel and strip maps

11 3etermine R2 widt!s required3etermine R2 widt!s required

&& Perform property surveysPerform property surveys

(( Prepare legal descriptionsPrepare legal descriptions

55 Stake parcelsStake parcels



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3esign3esign Construction surveysConstruction surveys

11 Reference P*. P'. PCReference P*. P'. PC

&& Slope stake for roug! gradeSlope stake for roug! grade

(( Stake drainage and structuresStake drainage and structures55 /ayout roadway items/ayout roadway items

66 %lue'op for su#grade of ;nal grade%lue'op for su#grade of ;nal grade

Progress measurements and crossProgress measurements and crosssections for pay quantitiessections for pay quantities

DD As #uilt surveysAs #uilt surveys


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Sewer ProHectsSewer ProHects

11 Firm under contractFirm under contract

&& Preliminary studiesPreliminary studies11 +eneral layout map+eneral layout map

&& %uildings located on general layout%uildings located on general layout

(( 'reatment site searc! 'reatment site searc!

55 Preliminary paper layoutPreliminary paper layout

11 ake sure every #uilding and potentialake sure every #uilding and potential#uilding site can #e served#uilding site can #e served

&& an!ole system placed on general layoutan!ole system placed on general layout


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66 Preliminary ;led workPreliminary ;led work

11 Preliminary pro;lesPreliminary pro;les

11 % system esta#lis!ed% system esta#lis!ed

&& an!oles setan!oles set

(( Pro;les runPro;les run55 %asement elevations acquired%asement elevations acquired

&& 3esign mapping3esign mapping

11 Final plansFinal plans

(( 'reatment area 'reatment area

55 %oundary survey%oundary survey

66 Complete topo of areaComplete topo of area


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(( 3esign process3esign process

11 Sewer line designSewer line design

11 Preliminary pro;les drawnPreliminary pro;les drawn

11 %asement elevations plotted%asement elevations plotted

&& an!oles placed on pro;lesan!oles placed on pro;les

(( Slope #etween man!oles computedSlope #etween man!oles computed

55 Pro#lem areas , alternate service routes selectedPro#lem areas , alternate service routes selected

11 an!oles set in ;eldan!oles set in ;eld

&& Pro;les runPro;les run(( Revert to (ARevert to (A


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&& 'reatment plant design 'reatment plant design

11 'opo map prepared 'opo map prepared

&& 'ype system veri;ed 'ype system veri;ed

(( 'reatment system si


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&& 'reatment plant drawn using plan s!eets 'reatment plant drawn using plan s!eetsand cross sectionsand cross sections

(( [uantities computed[uantities computed

55 Speci;cationsSpeci;cations

11 ritten instructions on !ow every item to #eritten instructions on !ow every item to #e

#uilt#uilt

&& *nclude contract documents and #id proposal*nclude contract documents and #id proposal

55

%idding procedure%idding procedure

11 0otice of #id advertised on local paper0otice of #id advertised on local paper

&& Pre4#id meetingPre4#id meeting


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(( %idding%idding

11 Eac! contractor su#mits sealed #idEac! contractor su#mits sealed #id

&& %ids opened and ta#ulated%ids opened and ta#ulated

(( Engineer reviews proposalsEngineer reviews proposals55 Engineer recommends w!ic! #id to acceptEngineer recommends w!ic! #id to accept

55 Contract awardedContract awarded


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66 ConstructionConstruction11 SurveyingSurveying

11 Contractor required to !ire surveyor forContractor required to !ire surveyor for

stakeoutstakeout&& an!oles referencedan!oles referenced

(( Staking met!odsStaking met!ods11 %atter#oard met!od%atter#oard met!od

&& /aser met!od/aser met!od

55 easurement of quantitieseasurement of quantities

As %uiltAs %uilt


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ater distri#ution systemsater distri#ution systems

11 Put under contract , water districtPut under contract , water district

formedformed

&& Preliminary studiesPreliminary studies

11 +eneral layout prepared+eneral layout prepared

&& ater district signs up usersater district signs up users

(( ater source locatedater source located

55 aterlines placed on general layoutaterlines placed on general layout

11 =ydraulic gradient plotted from -S+S topo=ydraulic gradient plotted from -S+S topo


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66 Pump station and water storage sitesPump station and water storage sites11 Property acquired #y perpetual easement orProperty acquired #y perpetual easement or

purc!asedpurc!ased

&& %oundary survey performed for eac! site%oundary survey performed for eac! site

(( 'opo eac! site 'opo eac! site

(( Field workField work

11 Plan preparationPlan preparation

11 0ormally p!otogrammetrically0ormally p!otogrammetrically

11 Flig!t plan sent on general layoutFlig!t plan sent on general layout&& 'ake p!otos and post measure !ori


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&& aterlines placed on plan s!eetsaterlines placed on plan s!eets

&& Crossings and easementsCrossings and easements

11 Every location w!ere waterline crossesEvery location w!ere waterline crosses

paved road. railroad , !as to #e topo. crosspaved road. railroad , !as to #e topo. crosssectioned. and tied to nearest stationing orsectioned. and tied to nearest stationing or

milepostmilepost

&& Crossings plotted and permits applied for ,Crossings plotted and permits applied for ,

railroads. state 32'. towns!ip and countyrailroads. state 32'. towns!ip and county

roadsroads

(( Easement descriptions preparedEasement descriptions prepared


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55 Final designFinal design11 All waterlines and appurtenances onAll waterlines and appurtenances on

plans. easements. acquired and inplans. easements. acquired and in

docket form. rock e)cavation on plansdocket form. rock e)cavation on plans11 [uantities computed[uantities computed&& System driven to make sure not!ingSystem driven to make sure not!ing

missedmissed

&& 'anks and PS 'anks and PS11 3esigned and si


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66 %idding%idding ConstructionConstruction

11 ater distri#ution systemater distri#ution system11 aterline stakeoutaterline stakeout

11 Eac! easement plotted on plansEac! easement plotted on plans&& Crossings as permitted stakedCrossings as permitted staked

&& [uantities[uantities

&& 'anks and PS 'anks and PS11 Foundation stakedFoundation staked

&& ust #e c!ecked for plum#ust #e c!ecked for plum#DD As #uiltAs #uilt


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Arc!itectural ProHectsArc!itectural ProHects

11 Firm -nder contractFirm -nder contract

&& Preliminary ;eldworkPreliminary ;eldwork

11 %oundary survey%oundary survey

11 3escription provided3escription provided&& FieldworkFieldwork

11 onument searc!. traverse siteonument searc!. traverse site

&& Compute data and analysisCompute data and analysis

(( Final stakeoutFinal stakeout

(( Easement and encroac!ment searc!Easement and encroac!ment searc!

55 Plat of surveyPlat of survey


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&& 'opo , grid met!od most common 'opo , grid met!od most common

11 +rid pattern &68 , 1@@8+rid pattern &68 , 1@@8

&& % , -S+S% , -S+S

(( Entire tract topo and adHacent areas toEntire tract topo and adHacent areas toaccessaccess

55 -tilities , nearest tied in-tilities , nearest tied in

66 *nclude all o#Hects a#ove. on or #elow.*nclude all o#Hects a#ove. on or #elow.

groundground Prepare topo mapPrepare topo map

DD Field c!eck mapField c!eck map


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(( ConstructionConstruction

11 ControlControl

11 *f large #uilding , you may want to*f large #uilding , you may want to

esta#lis! '%8s on control onesta#lis! '%8s on control on&& StakeoutStakeout

11 Convert arc!itects dimensions toConvert arc!itects dimensions to

engineeringengineering

&& /ayout clearing and e)cavation limits/ayout clearing and e)cavation limits

(( /ayout underground piping/ayout underground piping


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55 /ayout footings and foundations/ayout footings and foundations

66 /ayout #uilding corners and supports/ayout #uilding corners and supports

/ocate roads and parking areas/ocate roads and parking areas

DD

/ocate lig!ting and ot!er proHect e)tras/ocate lig!ting and ot!er proHect e)tras

(( As #uiltAs #uilt

Structure and 'errainStructure and 'errain


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ovementovement -sed to monitor:-sed to monitor:

11 ovement of #uildings " ). y. and


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ovementovement 3escription , error wit!in system3escription , error wit!in system

must #e less t!an smallestmust #e less t!an smallest

movement to #e o#servedmovement to #e o#served

& groups of monuments installed& groups of monuments installed11 Reference or control monumentsReference or control monuments

&& 3eformation or movement monuments3eformation or movement monuments



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ovementovement Control , generally concrete pillarsControl , generally concrete pillars

e)tending (45 feet out of ground wit!e)tending (45 feet out of ground wit!

tri#rac! permanently attac!edtri#rac! permanently attac!ed

ovement monuments , forovement monuments , foreart!quake or landslide may #eeart!quake or landslide may #e

similar deep monumentssimilar deep monuments



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ovementovement Equipment:Equipment:

11 +PS+PS

&& 'urned angles 'urned angles

(( AngleB3istanceAngleB3istance

55 /eveling/eveling

civil survey.ppt

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Transcript of civil survey.ppt