Civil Society And Democracy In Africa
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Transcript of Civil Society And Democracy In Africa
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Civil Society and Democracy in Africa
Based on a lecture by Prof. Jerry Gana
(Swedish Institute of International Affairs, Stockholm, 3 October 2008)
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Questions
How to translate democracy into development? (The links are not automatic)
How to make sure democracy benefits the people?
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Background
Contested notion of ”nation state” in Africa(=”alien state”)
Need for the development of civil society to counteract traditional tensions
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Nation Building in Africa
1. Idealistic Nationalist leaders
Political Independence
2. Mid-1960s: era of military governments
3. New age of democracy
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Current need
Growth of Constitutional Democracy goes hand in
hand with the development of civil society
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Constitutional Democracy1. Political parties2. Electoral system3. Separation of powers (system of
checks and balances4. Vibrant civil society5. Free and independent media6. Effective control over military and
armed forces
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Necessities for functioning democracy
1. Right of people to free and effective chioce – politicians need to repect election result
2. Right to free association3. Right to freedom of expression4. Right to the rule of law5. Transparency, due process,
accountability
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Pillars of democracy
1. Strong, effective, accountable Parliament
2. Civil society – network of civil society organisations needed
3. Free and fair elections4. Properly functioning market:
providing goods and services5. Freedoms...
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Leadership
Failures in democracy can be traced to failures in leadership.
There is a need for quality leadership:•Respect integrity •Honour –
honesty, speak the truth
•Capacity to deliver
•Mobilise people
•Vision – must lead
•Legitimate authority
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Leadership
Leaders must strive to:1. Create productive national
economies for development and the provision of goods and services
2. Promote of good governance3. Develop an humane, peaceful and
just society
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Conclusion
Democracy should not SUSTAIN people