Civil Rights Women, Latinos, Asians and Native Americans
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Transcript of Civil Rights Women, Latinos, Asians and Native Americans
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Civil RightsWomen, Latinos, Asians and Native Americans
Objectives: To understand how other groups used experiences of blacks to gain rights
Do Now: How did Malcolm X’s philosophy change throughout his life
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Feminism
• Born in 1895, the term feminism describes equality between men and women.
• Feminist sought to make this happen• 1950s– What were the stereotypes?• WWII’s impact• Post WWII college 25%. 1970=43% BA• Why the reluctance to hire women?• 1963 .59/1 1973 .57/1 Results= Frustration
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Contributions of Civil Right Movement
• What were the contributions?
• Bills• Title VII• EEOC
• Arguments
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How?
• Organization– Common Purpose– NOW– National
Organization for Women
• Fair Pay• Equal work
opportunities • Attacked the “false image
of women”• Within 4 years—15000
members• Arguments for and
against
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Results of Feminism
• New ideas for women.• Book– Our Bodies, Ourselves–
1970– understand health issues—3 million issues by 1990
• 1972 Ms. Magazine founded by Gloria Steinem– Contrast to Good Housekeeping and Ladies’ Home Journal—300,000 copies within 8 days—200,000 subscribers within a year
• 1972 Higher Education Act– Prohibited Sex Discrimination
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More Changes• Shirley Chisholm of New York
sought the presidency. Won support in the Democratic National Convention but withdrew
• 1973 Roe v. Wade– Divided the movement
• 1972 Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was introduced but failed to pass – “Equality of rights under the law
shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex.”
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Latinos• Three major groups
– Puerto Ricans in the Northeast– Cubans in Florida– Chicanos in the Southwest
• Chicanos=largest population• WWII-1967 Braceros– Temp
Farm Hands• Eisenhower: 1950 “Operation
Wetback”– Deport illegals• Organization throughout
1960s• Cesar Chavez became the
leader of the migrant farmers– the most exploited group of Latinos
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Organization of UFW• Chavez believed that unionization was the best bet to gain
attention• United Farm Workers gained support as they went from door to
door.• Non-violent approach• Organized boycott of grapes grown on non-union farms• 1975– California law requiring collective bargaining
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Latino Political Progress
• During the 1960s, Gonzalez, Montoya, and Garza gained positions in congress
• La Raza Unida, a political party in 1970 helped to gain national attention to the civil injustice that existed.
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Asian American Protest
• Compensation for internment during WWII through the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL)
• Lower wage earnings were protested yet Asian-Americans were well-educated.
• Hawaii became a state in 1959 gave a voice to Asian-Americans in congress
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Native Americans
• Native Americans sought to gain their land back.
• Offered money but did not want it• 1968 Dennis Banks and George
Mitchell organized the American Indian Movement (AIM)
• Focused on cultural pride, autonomy, and control of native lands and the natural resources that exist on those lands
• Militant approach was criticized
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Examples of Actions
• Mayflower Thanksgiving 1970
• Mt. Rushmore July 5, 1971
• Bureau of Indian Affairs Nov. 1972
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Reactions to Activism
• Indian Education Act– Allowed reservations more control of schools
• Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975- Gave more autonomy and allowed them to administer federal welfare programs
• Also continued to regain lands and resources associated with the lands.