Civil Rights Movement 1960-1966

Freedom Riders (1961)• People rode the buses

into the South to challenge segregation at bus terminals.

Freedom Riders

• Met with violence, riders were beaten, attacked, arrested, and buses were destroyed.

• Result: government enforcing desegregation at interstate bus stations

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8CAKAXR-AM&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1

Ole Miss (1962)

• In 1962, Ole Miss was ordered to Desegregate

• James Meredith Became the first African American student in Ole Miss history

March on Birmingham (1963)

Letter From Birmingham

“For years now I have heard the word ‘wait’! It rings in the ear of every Negro with piercing familiarity. This ‘wait’ has almost always meant ‘Never’”.

Children’s Crusade (1963)

• Children skipped school, were arrested in order to focus attention on the movement.

• They received training in non-violent protest at first Baptist Church.

Children’s Crusade

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q-MuWDsv5pg&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1

March on Washington (1963)

• Pressure for passage of civil rights bill• “I Have a Dream” speech

Freedom Summer (1964)

Freedom Summer Murders

Civil Rights Act (1964)

• Prohibited discrimination based on race, gender, religion, or ethnicity

• Outlawed discrimination in public accommodations

Voting Rights Act (1965)

“By the way, what’s the big word say?”

• The Act prohibited states from imposing any "voting qualification or prerequisite to voting, or standard, practice, or procedure ... to deny or abridge the right of any citizen of the United States to vote on account of race or color."

March on Selma (1965)“Bloody Sunday”

Malcolm X

• Born Malcolm Little• Spent time in jail• Converted to Islam

• Wanted a separate Black Nation• Whites were the enemy

• Travels to Mecca• Preaches that he was wrong about whites,

complete change• Assassinated in 1965

Black Panthers

• Use of violence, revolution, radical• Force government to help

• Kennedy (John and Robert) were in favor of civil rights, moved slowly

• Johnson – able to pass legislation after Kennedy’s assassination