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Design of Steel Structures

Question No. 01 Select the correct statement

(A) Material cost of a rivet is higher than that of a bolt (B) Tensile strength of a bolt is lesser than that of a rivet (C) Bolts are used as a temporary fastening whereas rivets are used as permanent fastenings (D) Riveting is less noisy than bolting Answer: Option C

Question No. 02 The forces acting on the web splice of a plate girder are

(A) Axial forces (B) Shear and axial forces (C) Shear and bending forces (D) Axial and bending forces Answer: Option C

Question No. 03 Generally the purlins are placed at the panel points so as to avoid

(A) Axial force in rafter (B) Shear force in rafter (C) Deflection of rafter (D) Bending moment in rafter Answer: Option D

Question No. 04 Which of the following sections should preferably be used at places where torsion occurs?

(A) Angle section (B) Channel section (C) Box type section (D) Any of the above Answer: Option C

Question No. 05 Other conditions being same, the load factor in indeterminate structures is

(A) Equal to load factor in determinate structures (B) More than the load factor in determinate structures (C) Less than the load factor in determinate structures (D) Unpredictable Answer: Option B

Question No. 06 Rivets connecting flange angles to cover plates in a plate girder are subjected to

(A) Horizontal shear only (B) Vertical load only (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of the above Answer: Option A

Question No. 07 The effective length of a fillet weld should not be less than

(A) Two times the weld size (B) Four times the weld size (C) Six times the weld size (D) Weld size Answer: Option B

Question No. 08 In a gusseted base, when the end of the column is machined for complete bearing on the base plate, then the axial load is assumed to be transferred to base plate

(A) Fully by direct bearing (B) Fully through fastenings (C) 50% by direct bearing and 50% through fastenings (D) 75% by direct bearing and 25% through fastenings Answer: Option C

Question No. 09 If the floor is supported at or near the bottom but top chords of a bridge is not braced, then the bridge is called

(A) Deck type (B) Through type (C) Half through type (D) Double deck type Answer: Option C

Question No. 10 The elastic strain for steel is about

(A) 1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/120 of maximum strain (B) 1/2 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/12 of maximum strain (C) 1/12 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and 1/200 of maximum strain (D) 1/24 of strain at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/200 of maximum strain Answer: Option C

Question No. 11 In the virtual work method, the virtual quantity is

(A) Displacement

(B) Load (C) Slope (D) Moment Answer: Option A

Question No. 12 In moment resistant connections, the moment resistance of riveted connection depends upon

(A) Shear in rivets (B) Compression in rivets (C) Tension in rivets (D) Strength of rivets in bearing Answer: Option C

Question No. 13 The portal bracing in a truss bridge is used to

(A) Transfer load from top of end posts to bearings (B) Keep the rectangular shape of the bridge cross-section (C) Stiffen the structure laterally (D) Prevent the sides-way buckling of top chord Answer: Option A

Question No. 14 The maximum permissible span of asbestos cement sheets is

(A) 650 mm (B) 810 mm (C) 1250 mm (D) 1680 mm Answer: Option D

Question No. 15 Lacing bars in a steel column should be designed to resist

(A) Bending moment due to 2.5% of the column load (B) Shear force due to 2.5% of the column load (C) 2.5% of the column load (D) Both (A) and (B) Answer: Option B

Question No. 16 The moment of the couple set up in a section of a beam by the longitudinal compressive and tensile force, is known as

(A) Bending moment (B) Moment of resistance (C) Flexural stress moment (D) None of these Answer: Option B

Question No. 17 The thickness of the web of a mild steel plate girder is less than d/200. If only one horizontal stiffener is used, it is placed at

(A) The neutral axis of the section (B) 2/3rd of the depth of the neutral axis from the compression flange (C) 2/5th of the depth of the neutral axis from the compression flange (D) 2/5th of the height of the neutral axis from tension flange Answer: Option C

Question No. 18 Shear buckling of web in a plate girder is prevented by using

(A) Vertical intermediate stiffener (B) Horizontal stiffener at neutral axis (C) Bearing stiffener (D) None of the above Answer: Option A

Question No. 19 The most commonly used sections in lateral system to carry shear force in built up columns, are

(A) Rolled steel flats (B) Rolled angles (C) Rolled channels (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 20 The stress in the wall of a thin cylinder subjected to internal pressure, is

(A) Hoop compression (B) Shear (C) Torsional shear (D) Hoop tension Answer: Option D

Question No. 21 The risk coefficient k, depends on

(A) Mean probable design life of structures (B) Basic wind speed (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of the above Answer: Option C

Question No. 22 For eccentrically loaded columns, the bending factor is

(A) Cross-sectional area of column/Radius of gyration (B) Radius of gyration/Cross-sectional area of column

(C) Cross-sectional area of column/Section modulus of the section (D) Section modulus of the section/Cross-sectional area of column Answer: Option C

Question No. 23 The net area of round bars to resist the tension, is the area of cross section at

(A) Mid-section (B) Root of the thread (C) Difference of (a) and (b) (D) None of these Answer: Option B

Question No. 24 The bracing between two columns of a steel tank will be designed to resist

(A) Horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake only (B) Horizontal, shear due to wind or earthquake + 2.5% of column loads (C) Column loads + 2.5% of horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake (D) Column loads + full horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake Answer: Option B

Question No. 25 A column splice is used to increase

(A) Length of the column (B) Strength of the column (C) Cross-sectional area of the column (D) None of these Answer: Option A

Question No. 26 A beam may be designed as a cased beam if

(A) Section is of double open channel form with the webs not less than 40 mm apart (B) Overall depth and width of the steel section do not exceed 750 and 450 mm respectively (C) Beam is solidly encased in concrete with 10 mm aggregate having 28 days strength 160

kg/cm2 (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 27 The bracing provided in the plane of end posts is called

(A) Sway bracing (B) Portal bracing (C) Top lateral bracing (D) Bottom lateral bracing Answer: Option B

Question No. 28 In a built up beam actual bending compressive stress fbc is given by (when y1 is the distance of the edge of the beam from the neutral axis).

(A) fbc = (M/Ixx) × y (B) fbc = (Ixx/M) × y (C) fbc = (Ixx/M) + y (D) fbc = (M/Ixx) + y Answer: Option A

Question No. 29 If the thickness of a structural member is small as compared to its length and width, it is classified as

(A) One dimensional (B) Two dimensional (C) Three dimensional (D) None of these Answer: Option B

Question No. 30 The statical method of plastic analysis satisfies

(A) Equilibrium and mechanism conditions (B) Equilibrium and plastic moment conditions (C) Mechanism and plastic moment conditions (D) Equilibrium condition only Answer: Option B

Question No. 31 Lug angle is

(A) Used with single angle member (B) Not used with double angle member (C) Used with channel member (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 32 Compression members composed of two channels back-to-back and separated by a small distance are connected together by riveting so that the minimum slenderness ratio of each member between the connections, does not exceed

(A) 40 (B) 50 (C) 60 (D) 70 Answer: Option A

Question No. 33 The connection of intermediate vertical stiffeners to the web, not subjected to external loads, shall be designed for a minimum shear force (kN/m) of

(A) 75 t²/h (B) 125 t3/h² (C) 125 t²/h (D) 175 t²/h Where, t = the web thickness in mm and h = the outstand of stiffener in mm Answer: Option C

Question No. 34 When the upper column does not provide full bearing area over lower column, the column splice is provided with the following assumption

(A) Bearing plate is assumed as a short beam to transmit the axial load to the lower column section

(B) Axial load is assumed to be taken by flanges (C) Load transmitted from the flanges of upper column and reactions from the flanges of lower

columns are equal and form a couple (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 35 For the economical design of a combined footing to support two equal column loads, the projections of beams in lower tier are kept such that bending moment under column is equal to

(A) Bending moment at the centre of the beam (B) Half the bending moment at the centre of the beam (C) Twice the bending moment at the centre of the beam (D) None of these Answer: Option A

Question No. 36 The allowable shear stress in the web of mild steel beams decreases with

(A) Decrease in h/t ratio (B) Increase in h/t ratio (C) Decrease in thickness (D) Increase in height Where 'h is thickness Answer: Option B

Question No. 37 On eccentrically loaded columns, the equivalent axial load may be obtained by

(A) Adding the axial load, eccentric load, the product of the bending moment due to eccentric load and the appropriate bending factor

(B) Adding the axial load and eccentric load and subtracting the product of bending moment and appropriate bending factor

(C) Dividing the sum of axial load and eccentric load by the product of the bending moment and

appropriate bending factor (D) None of these Answer: Option A

Question No. 38 Stiffeners are used in a plate girder

(A) To reduce the compressive stress (B) To reduce the shear stress (C) To take the bearing stress (D) To avoid bulking of web plate Answer: Option D

Question No. 39 As compared to field rivets, the shop rivets are

(A) Stronger (B) Weaker (C) Equally strong (D) Any of the above Answer: Option A

Question No. 40 A fillet weld whose axis is parallel to the direction of the applied load, is known as

(A) Diagonal filler weld (B) End fillet weld (C) Side fillet weld (D) All the above Answer: Option C

Question No. 41 In a truss girder of a bridge, a diagonal consists of mild steel flat 4001.S.F. and carries a pull of 80 tonnes. If the gross-diameter of the rivet is 26 mm, the number of rivets required in the splice, is

(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9 Answer: Option C

Question No. 42 When the bolts are subjected to reversal of stresses, the most suitable type of bolt is

(A) Black bolt (B) Ordinary unfinished bolt (C) Turned and fitted bolt (D) High strength bolt Answer: Option D

Question No. 43 Factor of safety is the ratio of

(A) Yield stress to working stress (B) Tensile stress to working stress (C) Compressive stress to working stress (D) Bearing stress to working stress Answer: Option A

Question No. 44 The size of a butt weld is specified by the effective throat thickness which in the case of incomplete penetration, is taken as

(A) ½ of the thickness of thicker part (B) ¾ of the thickness of thicker part (C) ¾ of the thickness of thinner part (D) 7/8 of the thickness of thinner part Answer: Option D

Question No. 45 The best arrangement to provide unified behaviour in built up steel columns is by

(A) Lacing (B) Battening (C) Tie plates (D) Perforated cover plates Answer: Option A

Question No. 46 The ratio of shearing stress to shearing strain within elastic limit, is known as

(A) Modulus of elasticity (B) Shear modulus of elasticity (C) Bulk modulus of elasticity (D) Tangent modulus of elasticity Answer: Option B

Question No. 47 In a built up section carrying a tensile force, the flanges of two channels are turned outward

(A) To simplify the transverse connections (B) To minimise lacing (C) To have greater lateral rigidity (D) All the above Answer: Option C

Question No. 48 The overlap of batten plates with the main members in welded connections should be more than

(A) 3 t (B) 4 t

(C) 6 t (D) 8 t

t Answer: Option B

Question No. 49 A fillet weld may be termed as

(A) Mitre weld (B) Concave weld (C) Convex weld (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 50 Modified moment of inertia of sections with a single web, is equal to moment of inertia of the section about Y-Y axis at the point of maximum bending moment and is multiplied by the ratio of

(A) Area of compression flange at the minimum bending moment to the corresponding area at the point of maximum bending moment

(B) Area of tension flange at the minimum bending moment of the corresponding area at the point of maximum bending moment

(C) Total area of flanges at the maximum bending moment to the corresponding area at the point of maximum bending moment

(D) None of these Answer: Option C

Question No. 51 Gantry girders are designed to resist

(A) Lateral loads (B) Longitudinal loads and vertical loads (C) Lateral, longitudinal and vertical loads (D) Lateral and longitudinal loads Answer: Option C

Question No. 52 The distance between e.g. of compression and e.g. of tension flanges of a plate girder, is known as

(A) Overall depth (B) Clear depth (C) Effective depth (D) None of these Answer: Option C

Question No. 53 The effective length of a compression member of length L held in position at both ends but not restrained in direction, is

(A) L

(B) 0.67 L (C) 0.85 L (D) 1.5 L Answer: Option A

Question No. 54 The live load for a sloping roof with slope 15°, where access is not provided to roof, is taken as

(A) 0.65 kN/m² (B) 0.75 kN/m² (C) 1.35 kN/m² (D) 1.50 kN/m² Answer: Option A

Question No. 55 Pick up the correct statement from the following:

(A) Dead load includes self-weight of the structure and super-imposed loads permanently attached to the structure

(B) Dead loads change their positions and vary in magnitude (C) Dead loads are known in the beginning of the design (D) None of these Answer: Option A

Question No. 56 Design of a riveted joint is based on the assumption:

(A) Bending stress in rivets is accounted for (B) Riveted hole is assumed to be completely filled by the rivet (C) Stress in the plate in not uniform (D) Friction between plates is taken into account Answer: Option B

Question No. 57 Steel tanks are mainly designed for

(A) Weight of tank (B) Wind pressure (C) Water pressure (D) Earthquake forces Answer: Option C

Question No. 58 The cross-section of a standard fillet is a triangle whose base angles are

(A) 45° and 45° (B) 30° and 60° (C) 40° and 50° (D) 20° and 70° Answer: Option A

Question No. 59 If N is the number of rivets in the joint, the strength of a riveted joint against shearing of rivets, is given by

(A) Ps = N d2 × Ps (B) Ps = N × (d × t × ps) (C) Ps = N × (p - d) × t × Ps (D) Ps = N × (P + d) × t × ps Answer: Option A

Question No. 60 The sway bracing is designed to transfer

(A) 2Vi % of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing (B) 10% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing (C) 25% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing (D) 50% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing Answer: Option D

Question No. 61 Column footing is provided

(A) To spread the column load over a larger area (B) To ensure that intensity of bearing pressure between the column footing and soil does not

exceed permissible bearing capacity of the soil (C) To distribute the column load over soil through the column footing (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 62 Cold driven rivets range from

(A) 6 to 10 mm in diameter (B) 10 to 16 mm in diameter (C) 12 to 22 mm in diameter (D) 22 to 32 mm in diameter Answer: Option C

Question No. 63 The mechanism method of plastic analysis satisfies

(A) Equilibrium and mechanism conditions (B) Equilibrium and plastic moment conditions (C) Mechanism and plastic moment conditions (D) Equilibrium condition only Answer: Option A

Question No. 64 Rolled steel beams are designated by Indian Standard series and its

(A) Weight per metre and depth of its section

(B) Depth of section and weight per metre (C) Width of flange and weight per metre (D) Weight per metre and flange width Answer: Option B

Question No. 65 When plates are exposed to weather, tacking rivets are provided at a pitch in line not exceeding (where t is the thickness of the outside plate).

(A) 8 t (B) 16 t (C) 24 t (D) 32 t Answer: Option B

Question No. 66 For a compression member with double angle section, which of the following section will give larger value of minimum radius of gyration?

(A) Equal angles back to back (B) Unequal legged angles with long legs back to back (C) Unequal legged angles with short legs back to back (D) Both (B) and (C) Answer: Option B


(A) The minimum pitch should not be less than 2.5 times the gross diameter of the river (B) The minimum pitch should not be less than 12 times the gross diameter of the rivet (C) The maximum pitch should not exceed 10 times the thickness or 150 mm whichever is less in

compression (D) All the above Answer: Option A

Question No. 68 The gross section of the web of a beam is defined as

(A) Depth of the beam multiplied by its web thickness (B) Width of the flange multiplied by its web thickness (C) Sum of the flange width and depth of the beam multiplied by the web thickness (D) None of these Answer: Option A

Question No. 69 Pitch of tacking rivets, when double angles connected back to back and acting as tension members should not be more than

(A) 500 mm (B) 600 mm

(C) 1000 mm (D) 300 mm Answer: Option C

Question No. 70 For a steel grillage footing to support two unequal column loads

(A) Line of action of the resultant of two column loads, is made to coincide with the centre of gravity of the base of the footing

(B) Trapezoidal shape is used for the base footing (C) Projections of beams on either side in lower tier are such that bending moments under

columns are equal (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 71 In a tension member if one or more than one rivet holes are off the line, the failure of the member depends upon:

(A) Pitch (B) Gauge (C) Diameter of the rivet holes (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 72 The heaviest I-section for same depth is

(A) ISMB (B) ISLB (C) ISHB (D) ISWB Answer: Option C

Question No. 73 The effective length of a compression member of length L, held in position and restrained in direction at both ends, is

(A) L (B) 0.67 L (C) 0.85 L (D) 1.5 L Answer: Option B

Question No. 74 Efficiency of a riveted joint is defined as the ratio of

(A) Least strength of a riveted joint to the strength of solid plate (B) Greatest strength of a riveted joint to the strength of solid plate (C) Least strength of a riveted plate to the greatest strength of the riveted joint

(D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 75 By providing sufficient edge distance, which of the following failures of riveted joint can be avoided?

(A) Tension failure of the plate (B) Shear failure of the rivet (C) Shear failure of the plate (D) Crushing failure of the rivet Answer: Option C

Question No. 76 The maximum tensile and compressive bending stress in extreme fibres of rolled I-sections and channels on the effective section, is

(A) 1500 kg/cm2 (B) 1420 kg/cm2 (C) 1650 kg/cm2 (D) 2285 kg/cm2 Answer: Option C

Question No. 77 When the ratio of the moment M to axial load P is greater than L/6, the resultant of the compressive bearing pressure which acts at a distance Y from one side, is given by

(A) y = (L/3) - (M/P) (B) y = (L/2) - (P/M) (C) y = (L/2) + (M/P) (D) y = (L/3) + (M/P) Answer: Option B

Question No. 78 A circular column section is generally not used in actual practice because

(A) It is uneconomical (B) It cannot carry the load safely (C) It is difficult to connect beams to the round sections (D) All of the above Answer: Option C

Question No. 79 The safe working pressure for a spherical vessel 1.5 m diameter and having 1.5 cm thick wall not to exceed tensile stress 50kg/cm2, is

(A) 16 kg/cm2 (B) 18 kg/cm2 (C) 20 kg/cm2 (D) 22 kg/cm2

Answer: Option C

Question No. 80 Rise of a Jack arch is kept about

(A) 1/2 to 1/3 of the span (B) 1/3 to 1/4 of the span (C) 1/4 to 1/8 of the span (D) 1/8 to 1/12 of the span Answer: Option D

Question No. 81 Battening is preferable when the (i) Column carries axial load only (ii) Space between the two main components is not very large (iii) Column is eccentrically loaded The correct answer is

(A) Only (i) (B) Only (iii) (C) (i) and (ii) (D) (ii) and (iii) Answer: Option C

Question No. 82 For a steel member of slenderness ratio 350, the allowable stress is 76 kg/cm2 if it is

(A) HTW grade of thickness exceeding 32 mm (B) HT grade of thickness exceeding 45 mm (C) HT grade of thickness not exceeding 45 mm (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 83 The main type of butt joints, is a double cover

(A) Shear riveted joint (B) Chain riveted joint (C) Zig-zag riveted joint (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 84 Bearing stiffener in a plate girder is used to

(A) Transfer the load from the top flange to the bottom one (B) Prevent buckling of web (C) Decrease the effective depth of web (D) Prevent excessive deflection Answer: Option B

Question No. 85 The central deflection of a simply supported steel beam of length L with a concentrated load W at the centre, is

(A) WL3/3EI (B) WL4/3EI (C) WL3/48EI (D) 5WL4/384EI Answer: Option C

Question No. 86 If d is the distance between the flange angles,

(A) Vertical stiffeners are provided in steel plate girders if the web is less than d/85 (B) Vertical stiffeners are provided in high tensile steel plate girders if the web is less than d/175 (C) Horizontal stiffeners are provided in steel plate girders if the web is less than d/200 (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 87 Area of openings for buildings of large permeability is more than

(A) 10% of wall area (B) 20% of wall area (C) 30% of wall area (D) 50% of wall area Answer: Option B

Question No. 88 In case horizontal stiffeners are not used, the distance between vertical legs of flange angles at the top and bottom of a plate girder, is known as

(A) Overall depth (B) Clear depth (C) Effective depth (D) None of these Answer: Option B


(A) The steel beams placed in plain cement concrete, are known as reinforced beams (B) The filler joists are generally continuous over three-supports only (C) Continuous fillers are connected to main beams by means of cleat angles (D) Continuous fillers are supported by main steel beams Answer: Option D

Question No. 90 The diameter of base of conical flare of a steel stack is

(A) Less than d

(B) Equal to d (C) More than d (D) Any of the above

is the diameter of the cylindrical part Answer: Option C

Question No. 91 The effective length of a compression member of length L held in position and restrained in direction at one end and effectively restrained in direction but not held in position at the other end, is

(A) L (B) 0.67 L (C) 0.85 L (D) 1.5 L Answer: Option A

Question No. 92 Working shear stress on the gross area of a rivet as recommended by Indian Standards, is

(A) 785 kg/cm2 (B) 1025 kg/cm2 (C) 2360 kg/cm2 (D) None of these Answer: Option B

Question No. 93 The least dimensio D

(A) 0.5 D (B) 0.68 D (C) 0.88 D (D) D Answer: Option C

Question No. 94 The critical load for a column of length I hinged at both ends and having flexural rigidity El, is given by

(A) Pc = ²EI/l² (B) Pc = /l² (C) Pc = /I² (D) None of these Answer: Option A

Question No. 95 Length of an outstanding leg of a vertical stiffener, may be taken equal to

(A) 1/10th of clear depth of the girder plus 15 mm (B) 1/20th of clear depth of the girder plus 20 mm

(C) 1/25th of clear depth of the girder plus 25 mm (D) 1/30th of clear depth of the girder plus 50 mm Answer: Option C

Question No. 96 In case of plastic design, the calculated maximum shear capacity of a beam as per IS: 800 shall be

(A) 0.55 Aw.fy (B) 0.65 Aw.fy (C) 0.75 Aw.fy (D) 0.85 Aw.fy Where, Aw = effective cross-sectional area resisting shear fy = yield stress of the steel Answer: Option A

Question No. 97 If the depth of two column sections is equal, then the column splice is provided

(A) With filler plates (B) With bearing plates (C) With filler and hearing plates (D) None of these Answer: Option D

Question No. 98 On steel structures the dead load is the weight of

(A) Steel work (B) Material fastened to steel work (C) Material supported permanently (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 99 A steel beam supporting loads from the floor slab as well as from wall is termed as

(A) Stringer beam (B) Lintel beam (C) Spandrel beam (D) Header beam Answer: Option C

Question No. 100 The area Ap of cover plates in one flange of a built up beam, is given by

(A) Ap = Zreqr + Zbeam/h (B) Ap = Zreqr + Zbeam/A (C) Ap = Zreqr × Zbeam/h (D) Ap = Zreqr - Zbeam/h Answer: Option D

Question No. 101 The economical depth d of a web plate in which allowable bearing stress is fb, and the maximum bending moment is M, as suggested by Rawater and Clark, is

(A) d = (M/fb) (B) d = 1.5 (M/fb) (C) d = 2.5 (M/fb) (D) d = 4.5 (M/fb) Answer: Option D

Question No. 102 Bending compressive and tensile stresses respectively are calculated based on

(A) Net area and gross area (B) Gross area and net area (C) Net area in both cases (D) Gross area in both cases Answer: Option B

Question No. 103 The thickness t of a single flat lacing should not be less than

(A) 1/30th length between inner end rivets (B) 1/40th length between inner end rivets (C) 1/50th length between inner end rivets (D) 1/60th length between inner end rivets Answer: Option B

Question No. 104 Minimum pitch of the rivets shall not be less than

(A) 1.5 d (B) 2.0 d (C) 2.5 d (D) 3.0 d Where d is gross diameter of rivet Answer: Option C

Question No. 105 Tongue plates are provided in a steel girder at

(A) The upper flange (B) The lower flange (C) The upper end of the web (D) The upper and lower ends of the web Answer: Option D

Question No. 106 For steel members exposed to weather and not accessible for repainting, the thickness of steel should not be less than

(A) 4.5 mm (B) 6 mm (C) 8 mm (D) 10 mm Answer: Option C

Question No. 107 The slenderness ratio of a column supported throughout its length by a masonry wall is

(A) Zero (B) 10 (C) 100 (D) Infinity Answer: Option A

Question No. 108 The main assumption of the method of simple design of steel frame work, is:

(A) Beams are simply supported (B) All connections of beams, girders and trusses are virtually flexible (C) Members in compression are subjected to forces applied at appropriate eccentricities (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 109 Outstanding length of a compression member consisting of a channel, is measured as

(A) Half of the nominal width (B) Nominal width of the section (C) From the edge to the first row of rivets (D) None of these Answer: Option B

Question No. 110 The use of tie plates in laced columns is

(A) Prohibited (B) Not prohibited (C) Permitted at start and end of lacing system only (D) Permitted between two parts of the lacing Answer: Option C

Question No. 111 According to IS : 800-1962 the permissible bending stress in steel slab plates, is

(A) 1500 kg/cm2 (B) 1420 kg/cm2 (C) 2125 kg/cm2 (D) 1890 kg/cm2 Answer: Option D

Question No. 112 The side thrust T on the tie rods provided at the end beam of jack arch of rise R, is calculated from the formula

(A) T = WL/4R (B) T = WR/8L (C) T = WL/8R (D) T = WL/2R Answer: Option C

Question No. 113 Intermediate vertical stiffeners in a plate girder need be provided if the depth of web exceeds

(A) 50 t (B) 85 t (C) 200 t (D) 250 t

t Answer: Option B

Question No. 114 The minimum pitch of rivet holes of diameter d should not be less than

(A) d (B) 1.25 d (C) 1.5 d (D) 2.5 d Answer: Option D

Question No. 115 Design of a riveted joint, is based on the assumption:

(A) Load is uniformly distributed among all the rivets (B) Shear stress on a rivet is uniformly distributed over its gross area (C) Bearing stress in the rivet is neglected (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 116 For the buildings having a low permeability, the internal wind pressure acting normal to the wall and roof surfaces is taken as

(A) Zero (B) ±0.2 p (C) ± 0.5 p (D) ±0.7 p Where p is basic wind pressure Answer: Option B

Question No. 117 If is the maximum allowable bending stress in a tension member whose radius of gyration is and depth is 2y, the required cross sectional area is given by

(A) A = My/fr² (B) A = My²/fr² (C) A = My/fr (D) A = My/f²r² Answer: Option A

Question No. 118 The load on a lintel is assumed as uniformly distributed if the height of the masonry above it, is upto a height of

(A) The effective span (B) 1.25 times the effective span (C) 1.50 times the effective span (D) 2.0 times the effective span Answer: Option B

Question No. 119 Maximum pitch of rivets, used in steel stacks, is limited to

(A) 6 t (B) 10 t (C) 12 t (D) 16 t

t Answer: Option B

Question No. 120 Diameter of a rivet hole is made larger than the diameter of the rivet by

(A) 1.0 mm for rivet diameter upto 12 mm (B) 1.5 mm for rivet diameter exceeding 25 mm (C) 2.0 mm for rivet diameter over 25 mm (D) None of these Answer: Option C

Question No. 121 According to IS: 800-1962, the coefficient of expansion of steel per degree centigrade per unit length, is taken as

(A) 0.000008 (B) 0.000010 (C) 0.000012 (D) 0.000014 Answer: Option C

Question No. 122 In case of timber structures, the simple bending formula M = fz may be applied for

(A) Rectangular beams up to 300 mm depth (B) All rectangular beams (C) Solid circular beams only (D) All square cross-section beams Answer: Option A

Question No. 123 Perforated cover plates are particularly suitable for built up sections consisting of

(A) Channels placed back to back (B) Channels placed toe to toe (C) Four angle box section (D) All the above Answer: Option C

Question No. 124 If R is the reaction on the bearing plate, the minimum moment of. inertia of the bearing stiffener provided at the support of a plate girder of overall depth D, the maximum thickness of the compression flange T, carrying total load W, is

(A) (D²/250) × (R/W) (B) (D3T/250) × (R/W) (C) (DT/250) × (R/W) (D) (DT/250) × (W/R) Answer: Option B

Question No. 125 As per IS: 800, in the plastic design, which of the following pairs are correctly matched? Working Loads Load factor (i) Dead load 1.7 (ii) Dead Load + imposed load 1.7 (iii) Dead load + load due to wind or 1.3 seismic forces (iv) Dead load + imposed load + load 1.7 due to wind or seismic forces Of these statements

(A) (i) and (ii) are correct (B) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct (C) (ii) and (iii) are correct (D) Only (i) is correct Answer: Option A

Question No. 126 Effective length of a column effectively held in position and restrained in direction at both ends, is

(A) L (B) 0.67 L (C) 0.85 L

(D) 1.5 L Answer: Option B


(A) The ends of a strut, are connected together with two rivets (B) The members of strut will have at least two connections spaced equidistant in their length (C) The members when separated back-to-back, the connecting rivets should pass through solid

washer or packing (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 128 For rivets in tension with countersunk heads, the tensile value shall be

(A) Reduced by 25 % (B) Reduced by 33.3% (C) Increased by 25 % (D) Increased by 33.3 % Answer: Option B

Question No. 129 Effective length of a column effectively held in position and restrained in direction at one end but neither held in position nor restrained in direction at the other end, is

(A) 1.5 L (B) 0.67 L (C) 0.85 L (D) 2 L Answer: Option D

Question No. 130 The equivalent axial load may be defined as the load which produces a stress equal to

(A) Maximum stress produced by the eccentric load (B) Maximum stressed fibre (C) Bending stress (D) None of these Answer: Option A

Question No. 131 If the thickness of thinnest outside plate is 10 mm, then the maximum pitch of rivets in tension will be taken as

(A) 120 mm (B) 160 mm (C) 200 mm (D) 300 mm Answer: Option B

Question No. 132 The connection of one beam to another beam by means of an angle at the bottom and an angle at the top, is known as

(A) Unstiffened seated connection (B) Stiffened seated connection (C) Seated connection (D) None of these Answer: Option C

Question No. 133 The channels get twisted symmetrically with regard to its axis

(A) Parallel to flanges (B) Parallel to web (C) Perpendicular to flanges (D) Perpendicular to web Answer: Option B

Question No. 134 Bolts are most suitable to carry

(A) Shear (B) Bending (C) Axial tension (D) Shear and bending Answer: Option C

Question No. 135 Rolled steel angle sections are classified as

(A) Equal angles (B) Unequal angles (C) Bulb angles (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 136 According to I.S. : 800 - 1871, lacing bars resist transverse shear equal to

(A) 1.0% of the axial load (B) 2.0% of the axial load (C) 2.5% of the axial load (D) 3.0% of the axial load Answer: Option C

Question No. 137 The effective length of a battened strut effectively held in position at both ends but not restrained in direction is taken as

(A) 1.8 L

(B) L (C) 1.1 L (D) 1.5 L Answer: Option C

Question No. 138 The method of design of steel framework for greatest rigidity and economy in weight, is known as

(A) Simply design (B) Semi-rigid design (C) Fully rigid design (D) None of these Answer: Option C

Question No. 139 For a cantilever beam of length built-in at the support and restrained against torsion at the free end, the effective projecting length is

(A) l = 0.7 L (B) l = 0.75 L (C) l = 0.85 L (D) l = 0.5 L Answer: Option B

Question No. 140 Economical depth of a plate girder corresponds to

(A) Minimum weight (B) Minimum depth (C) Maximum weight (D) Minimum thickness of web Answer: Option A

Question No. 141 Slenderness ratio of a compression member is

(A) Moment of inertia/Radius of gyration (B) Effective length/Area of cross-section (C) Radius of gyration/Effective length (D) Radius of gyration/ Area of cross-section Answer: Option C

Question No. 142 The least permissible clear dimension of the web of thickness t in the panel of a plate girder, is restricted to

(A) 150 t (B) 160 t (C) 170 t (D) 180 t

Answer: Option D

Question No. 143 Bearing stiffeners are provided at (i) The supports (ii) The mid span (iii) The point of application of concentrated loads The correct answer is

(A) Only (i) (B) Both (i) and (ii) (C) Both (i) and (iii) (D) (i), (ii) and (iii) Answer: Option C

Question No. 144 Web crippling generally occurs at the point where

(A) Bending moment is maximum (B) Shearing force is minimum (C) Concentrated loads act (D) Deflection is maximum Answer: Option C


(A) The slenderness ratio of lacing bars for compression members should not exceed 145 (B) The minimum width of lacing bar connected with rivets of nominal diameter 16 mm, is kept

50 mm (C) The minimum thickness of a flat lacing bar is kept equal to one-fortieth of its length between

inner end rivets (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 146 The basic wind speed is specified at a height 'h' above mean ground level in an open terrain. The value of 'h' is

(A) 10 m (B) 20 m (C) 25 m (D) 50 m Answer: Option A

Question No. 147 If d is the distance between the flange angles, the vertical stiffeners in plate girders are spaced not greater than

(A) d

(B) 1.25 d (C) 1.5 d (D) 1.75 d Answer: Option C

Question No. 148 If d is the distance between the flange angles of a plate girder, vertical stiffeners are provided at a distance not greater than

(A) d but not less than 0.20 d (B) 1.25 d but not less than 0.33 d (C) 1.5 d but not less than 0.33 d (D) 2.0 d but not less than 0.50 d Answer: Option B

Question No. 149 The allowable tensile stress in structural mild steel plates for steel tank is assumed as

(A) 95.0 MPa on net area (B) 105.5 MPa on net area (C) 105.5 MPa on gross area (D) 150.0 MPa on gross area Answer: Option B

Question No. 150 A second horizontal stiffener is always placed at the neutral axis of the girder if the thickness of the web is less than

(A) d/250 for structural steel (B) d/225 for high tensile steel (C) Both (c) and (b) (D) Neither (a) nor (b) Answer: Option C

Question No. 151 The strength of ISA 125 = 75 × 10 mm used as a tie member with its longer leg connected at the ends by 27 mm diameter rivets, is

(A) 26,000 kg (B) 26,025 kg (C) 26,050 kg (D) 26,075 kg Answer: Option D

Question No. 152 The effect of racking forces is considered in the design of (i) Lateral braces (ii) Chord members The correct answer is

(A) Only (i) (B) Only (ii) (C) Both (i) and (ii) (D) None of the above Answer: Option A

Question No. 153 For a column of height fixed in position and direction both at its top and bottom, its effective length, is

(A) L (B) L (C) ½ L (D) 2L Answer: Option C

Question No. 154 As per ISI, rolled steel beam sections are classified into

(A) Two series (B) Three series (C) Four series (D) Five series Answer: Option D

Question No. 155 Shape factor is a property which depends

(A) Only on the ultimate stress of the material (B) Only on the yield stress of the material (C) Only on the geometry of the section (D) Both on the yield stress and ultimate stress of material Answer: Option C

Question No. 156 A tension member, if subjected to possible reversal of stress due to wind, the slenderness ratio of the member should not exceed

(A) 180 (B) 200 (C) 300 (D) 350 Answer: Option D


(A) Tacking rivets are used if the minimum distance between centres of two adjacent rivets exceeds 12 t or 200 mm, whichever is less

(B) Tacking rivets are not considered to calculate stress

(C) Tacking rivets are provided throughout the length of a compression member composed of

two components back to back (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 158 Lug angles

(A) Are used to reduce the length of connection (B) Are unequal angles (C) Increases shear lag (D) All the above Answer: Option A

Question No. 159 The Indian standard code which deals with steel structures, is

(A) IS : 875 (B) IS : 800 (C) IS : 456 (D) IS : 1893 Answer: Option B

Question No. 160 Under a concentrated load, bearing stress fb in a beam is given by (where b is the length of the bearing plate and h is the depth of the root of the fillet).

(A) fb = W/(b + h tw (B) fb = W/(b + 2h tw (C) fb = W/(b + 2h tw (D) fb = W/(b + h tw Answer: Option B

Question No. 161 When the axis of load lies in the plane of rivet group, then the rivets are subjected to

(A) Only shear stresses (B) Only tensile stresses (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of the above Answer: Option A

Question No. 162 For double angles carrying tension, placed back to back and connected to either side of the gusset plate, the sectional area of the section, is equal to cross sectional area of

(A) The section (B) The section plus area of rivet holes (C) The section minus area of rivet holes (D) The section multiplied by the area of the rivet hole

Answer: Option C

Question No. 163 The beam outside a wall upto floor level above it, is known as

(A) Rafter (B) Purlin (C) Spandrel beam (D) Lintel Answer: Option C

Question No. 164 In the cross-section of a weld, throat is the

(A) Minimum dimension (B) Average dimension (C) Maximum dimension (D) None of the above Answer: Option A

Question No. 165 The rivets which are heated and then driven in the field, are known

(A) Power driven shop rivets (B) Power driven field rivets (C) Hand driven rivets (D) Cold driven rivets Answer: Option B

Question No. 166 If fbt and fc are the co-existent bending tensile stress and shear stress in a member, the equivalent stress fc is

(A) fbt² + fc²) (B) fbt² + ½fc²) (C) fbt² + 3fc²) (D) fbt² - 3fc²) Answer: Option C

Question No. 167 According to IS: 800, in the Merchant Rankine formula the value of imperfection index (n) is

(A) 1.0 (B) 1.4 (C) 1.8 (D) 2.0 Answer: Option B

Question No. 168 When a large value of radius of gyration is not required

(A) Channels are placed back to back (B) Channel flanges are kept inward (C) Channel flanges are kept outward (D) None of these Answer: Option B

Question No. 169 The ratio of hydrostatic stress to the volumetric strain within the elastic range, is called

(A) Modulus of elasticity (B) Shear modulus of elasticity (C) Bulk modulus of elasticity (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 170 Minimum thickness of web in a plate girder, when the plate is accessible and also exposed to weather, is


Question No. 171 If d is the distance between the flange angles, the vertical stiffeners in plate girders without horizontal stiffeners, are spaced at a distance not less than

(A) 0.15 d (B) 0.22 d (C) 0.33 d (D) 0.44 d Answer: Option C

Question No. 172 Long column is one

(A) Which is more than 3 m long (B) Whose lateral dimension is less than 25 cm (C) Which is free at its top (D) Which has a ratio of effective length and least lateral dimension more than 15 Answer: Option D

Question No. 173 To minimize the total cost of a roof truss, the ratio of the cost of truss to the cost of purlins shall be

(A) 1 (B) 2

(C) 3 (D) 4 Answer: Option B

Question No. 174 When the length of a tension member is too long

(A) A wire rope is used (B) A rod is used (C) A bar is used (D) A single angle is used Answer: Option C

Question No. 175 In factory buildings, the horizontal beams spanning between the wall columns supporting a wall covering, are called

(A) Stringers (B) Trimmers (C) Girts (D) Lintels Answer: Option C

Question No. 176 The minimum thickness of plates in a steel stack should be

(A) 4 mm (B) 5 mm (C) 6 mm (D) 8 mm Answer: Option C

Question No. 177 To keep the intensity of bearing pressure between the column base and concrete, compressive throughout the length of the column base, the ratio of the moment M to axial load P should be

(A) < L/3 (B) < L/6 (C) > L/3 (D) > L/6 Answer: Option B

Question No. 178 A structural member subjected to tensile force in a direction parallel to its longitudinal axis, is generally known as

(A) A tie (B) A tie member (C) A tension member (D) All the above

Answer: Option D

Question No. 179 Compression force in two end posts, the pin of a rocker bearing in a bridge is designed for

(A) Bearing and shear (B) Bending and shear (C) Bearing and bending (D) Bearing, shear and bending Answer: Option D

Question No. 180 According to the Unwin's formula, if is thickness of the plate in mm, the nominal diameter of the rivet, is

(A) d = 1.91 t (B) d = 1.91 t2 (C) d = 1.91 t (D) d = 1.91 t Answer: Option C

Question No. 181 If the area of cross-section of a single angle discontinuous strut is 30 cm2 and allowable working stress corresponding to its slenderness ratio is 625 kg/cm2, the safe load carrying capacity of the member, is

(A) 10 tonnes (B) 12 tonnes (C) 15 tonnes (D) 18 tonnes Answer: Option C

Question No. 182 The ratio of plastic section modulus to elastic section modulus

(A) Is equal to 1 (B) Is always less than 1 (C) Is always greater than 1 (D) Can be less than 1 Answer: Option C

Question No. 183 Bulb angles are used in

(A) Column building (B) Bridge building (C) Ship building (D) Water tank building Answer: Option C

Question No. 184 The diameter of a bolt hole is taken as the nominal diameter of the bolt plus

(A) 1.0 mm (B) 1.2 mm (C) 1.4 mm (D) 1.6 mm Answer: Option D

Question No. 185 The minimum thickness of a steel plate, which is directly exposed to weather and is not accessible for cleaning and repainting, should be:

(A) 4.5 mm (B) 6 mm (C) 8 mm (D) 10 mm Answer: Option C

Question No. 186 For determination of allowable stress in axial compression, Indian Standard Institution has adopted

(A) Euler's formula (B) Rankine formula (C) Perry Robertson formula (D) Secant formula Answer: Option D

Question No. 187 Rolled steel beams are:

(A) Mainly used to resist bending stress (B) Used as independent sections to resist compressive stress (C) Used as independent sections to resist tensile stress (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 188 When the axis of load lies in the plane of rivet group, then the most heavily loaded rivet will be the one which moment in any rivet.)

(A) Is at the maximum distance from CG of the rivet group (B) Is at the minimum distance from CG of the rivet group (C) Gives the maximum angle between the two forces Fa and Fm (D) Gives the minimum angle between the two forces Fa and Fm Answer: Option D

Question No. 189 According to IS : 800 - 71, the minimum thickness of a vertically stiffened web plate, shall not be less than

(A) d/85 (B) d/200 (C) d/225 (D) d/250 Answer: Option D

Question No. 190 A web plate is called unstiffened if the ratio of clear depth to thickness is less than


Question No. 191 A butt weld is specified by

(A) Effective throat thickness (B) Plate thickness (C) Size of weld (D) Penetration thickness Answer: Option A

Question No. 192 The most economical section for a column, is

(A) Rectangular (B) Solid round (C) Flat strip (D) Tubular section Answer: Option D

Question No. 193 In rolled steel beams, shear force is mostly resisted by

(A) Web only (B) Flanges only (C) Web and flanges together (D) None of these Answer: Option A

Question No. 194 If the 20 mm rivets are used in lacing bars, then the minimum width of lacing bar should be

(A) 40 mm (B) 60 mm

(C) 80 mm (D) 100 mm Answer: Option B

Question No. 195 The minimum edge distance of a rivet line connecting two or more plates, is kept equal to 37 mm plus (where t is the thickness in mm of the thinner outside plate).

(A) 2 t (B) 4 t (C) 6 t (D) 8 t Answer: Option B

Question No. 196 For simply supported beams, the maximum permitted deflection, is

(A) 1/325 of the span (B) 1/350 of the span (C) 1/375 of the span (D) 1/400 of the span Answer: Option A

Question No. 197 Minimum spacing of vertical stiffeners is limited to

(A) d/4 (B) d/3 (C) d/2 (D) 2d/3 Where d is the distance between flange angles Answer: Option B

Question No. 198 The rolled steel I-sections are most commonly used as beams because these provide

(A) Large moment of inertia with less cross-sectional area (B) Large moment of resistance as compared to other section (C) Greater lateral stability (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 199 If P is the wind pressure in kg/cm2, v is the velocity in km/hour and K is a constant of proportionality, then

(A) P = K/v2 (B) v = K/P2 (C) P = Kv2 (D) P = Kv

Answer: Option C

Question No. 200 As per IS : 875, for the purposes of specifying basic wind velocity, the country has been divided into

(A) 4 zones (B) 5 zones (C) 6 zones (D) 7 zones Answer: Option C

Question No. 201 Net sectional area of a tension member, is equal to its gross section area

(A) Plus the area of the rivet holes (B) Divided by the area of rivet holes (C) Multiplied by the area of the rivet holes (D) None of these Answer: Option D

Question No. 202 For a single section used as a tension member, the given area is assumed

(A) 20% to 30% in excess of the net area (B) 30% to 40% in excess of the net area (C) 40% to 50% in excess of the net area (D) 50% to 60% in excess of the net area Answer: Option C

Question No. 203 Study the following statements. (i) Top lateral bracing prevents the sides-way buckling of the chord. (ii) Sway bracing keeps the rectangular shape of the bridge cross-section. (iii) Sway bracing transfers the load from top of end posts to bearings. The correct answer is

(A) Only (i) (B) Both (i) and (ii) (C) Both (i) and (iii) (D) All (i), (ii) and (iii) Answer: Option B

Question No. 204 The effective length of a weld, is taken as the actual length

(A) Minus the size of weld (B) Minus twice the size of weld (C) Plus the size of weld (D) Plus twice the size of weld

Answer: Option B

Question No. 205 The greatest gauge of long rivets should not exceed (where d is the diameter of the holes).

(A) 2 d (B) 4 d (C) 6 d (D) 8 d Answer: Option D

Question No. 206 The shape factor of an isosceles triangle for bending about the axis parallel to the base is:

(A) 1.5 (B) 1.7 (C) 2.0 (D) 2.34 Answer: Option D

Question No. 207 Rolled steel Tee-sections are used

(A) As columns (B) With flat strips to connect plates in steel rectangular tanks (C) As built up sections to resist axial tension (D) None of these Answer: Option B

Question No. 208 Water pressure in a 80 cm water main is 10 kg/cm2. The minimum thickness of the metal required for the water main, not to be stressed more than 200 kg/cm2, is

(A) 1 cm (B) 1.5 cm (C) 2 cm (D) 2.5 cm Answer: Option C

Question No. 209 Which of the following types of riveted joint is free from bending stresses?

(A) Lap joint (B) Butt joint with single cover plate (C) Butt joint with double cover plates (D) None of the above Answer: Option C

Question No. 210 The beams supporting the steps of a stair are generally known as

(A) Headers (B) Trimmers (C) Stringers (D) Spandrel beams Answer: Option C

Question No. 211 With usual notations of the letters, the shear stress fs at any point of the cross-section is given by

(A) fs =FQ/It (B) fs =Ft/IQ (C) fs =It/FQ (D) fs =IF/Qt Answer: Option A

Question No. 212 According to IS Specifications, the maximum pitch of rivets in compression is

(A) Lesser of 200 mm and 12 t (B) Lesser of 200 mm and 16 t (C) Lesser of 300 mm and 32 t (D) Lesser of 3 00 mm and 24 t Where t is thickness of thinnest outside plate or angle Answer: Option A

Question No. 213 Poisson's ratio for steel within elastic limit, ranges from

(A) 0.15 to 0.20 (B) 0.25 to 0.24 (C) 0.25 to 0.33 (D) 0.33 to 0.35 Answer: Option C

Question No. 214 The minimum width B of a solid casing for a cased beam, is equal to

(A) B = b + 25 mm (B) B = b + 50 mm (C) B = b + 75 mm (D) B = b + 100 mm Answer: Option D

Question No. 215 Horizontal stiffener in a plate girder is provided to safeguard against

(A) Shear buckling of web plate (B) Compression buckling of web plate (C) Yielding (D) All of the above

Answer: Option B

Question No. 216 If W and L are the total superimposed load and the span of a plate girder in metres, the approximate self weight (W) of the girder, is taken as

(A) M = WL/100 (B) M = WL/200 (C) M = WL/300 (D) M = WL/400 Answer: Option C

Question No. 217 Maximum permissible slenderness ratio of a member normally acting as a tie in a roof truss, is


Question No. 218 Normally, the angle of roof truss with asbestos sheets should not be less than

(A) 26½° (B) 30° (C) 35° (D) 40° Answer: Option B

Question No. 219 An imaginary line along which rivets are placed, is known as

(A) Rivet line (B) Back line (C) Gauge line (D) All the above Answer: Option D


(A) Loaded columns are supported on column bases (B) Column bases transmit the column load to the concrete foundation (C) Column load is spread over a large area on concrete (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 221 The capacity of the smallest pressed steel tank is

(A) 1000 litre (B) 1650 litre (C) 1950 litre (D) 2450 litre Answer: Option C

Question No. 222 The permissible stress to which a structural member can be subjected to, is known as

(A) Bearing stress (B) Working stress (C) Tensile stress (D) Compressive stress Answer: Option B

Question No. 223 Tacking rivets in tension members, are provided at a pitch in line not exceeding

(A) 25 cm (B) 50 cm (C) 75 cm (D) 100 cm Answer: Option D

Question No. 224 In case of timber structures, the form factor for solid circular cross-section is taken as

(A) 1.18 (B) 1.414 (C) 1.67 (D) 1.81 Answer: Option A

Question No. 225 The distance between the outer faces of flanges of a plate girder, is known as

(A) Overall depth (B) Clear depth (C) Effective depth (D) None of these Answer: Option A

Question No. 226 When the depth of a plate girder is at least times the depth of vertical leg of the flange angles, the girder is known as deep plate girder, if is

(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8

Answer: Option D

Question No. 227 Which of the following conditions is to be satisfied both in elastic and plastic analysis?

(A) Equilibrium condition (B) Yield condition (C) Plastic moment condition (D) Mechanism condition Answer: Option A

Question No. 228 If the pitch is 6 cm and rivet value is 4 tonnes, the number of rivets required for a riveted connection carrying an eccentric load of 15 tonnes at a distance of 30 cm from the centre line, is

(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 10 (D) 15 Answer: Option B

Question No. 229 In a grillage footing, the maximum shear force occurs at the

(A) Edge of grillage beam (B) Centre of base plate (C) Centre of grillage beam (D) Centre of base plate Answer: Option B

Question No. 230 The difference between gross diameter and nominal diameter for the rivets up to 25 mm diameter is

(A) 1.0 mm (B) 1.5 mm (C) 2.0 mm (D) 2.5 mm Answer: Option B


(A) Vertical stiffeners may be placed in pairs one on each side of the web (B) Single vertical stiffeners may be placed alternately on opposite sides of the web (C) Horizontal stiffeners may be placed alternately on opposite sides of the web (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 232 The greatest permissible clear dimension of the web of thickness t in the panel of a plate girder, is restricted to

(A) 180 t (B) 220 t (C) 230 t (D) 270 t Answer: Option D

Question No. 233 The maximum slenderness ratio of a compression member carrying both dead and superimposed load is


Question No. 234 Pick up the incorrect statement from the following:

(A) The nominal diameter of a rivet is its diameter before driving (B) The gross diameter of a rivet is the diameter of rivet hole (C) The gross area of a rivet is the cross-sectional area of the rivet hole (D) The diameter of a rivet hole is equal to the nominal diameter of the rivet plus 1.5 mm Answer: Option D

Question No. 235 Effective length of a column effectively held in position at both ends and restrained in direction at one end, is

(A) L (B) 0.67 L (C) 0.85 L (D) 1.5 L Answer: Option C

Question No. 236 As per IS : 800, for compression flange, the outstand of flange plates should not exceed

(A) 12 t (B) 16 t (C) 20 t (D) 25 t

t Answer: Option B

Question No. 237 If the unsupported length of a stanchion is 4 metres and least radius of gyration of its cross-section is 5, the slenderness ratio of the stanchion, is


Question No. 238 For a cantilever beam of length continuous at the support and unrestrained against torsion at the support and free at the end, the effective length is equal to

(A) l = L (B) l = 2L (C) l = 0.5L (D) l = 3L Answer: Option D

Question No. 239 Hudson's formula gives the dead weight of a truss bridge as a function of

(A) Bottom chord area (B) Top chord area (C) Effective span of bridge (D) Heaviest axle load of engine Answer: Option A


(A) When the gauge distance is larger than the pitch, the failure of the section may occur in a zig-zag line

(B) When the gauge distance is smaller than the pitch, the failure of the section may occur in a straight right angle section through the centre of rivet holes

(C) When the gauge distance and pitch are both equal, the failure to the section becomes more likely as the diameter of the holes increases

(D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 241 The deflection of beams may be decreased by

(A) Increasing the depth of beam (B) Increasing the span (C) Decreasing the depth of beam (D) Increasing the width of beam Answer: Option A

Question No. 242 The moment-curvature relation at a plastic hinge is

(A) Linear (B) Parabolic (C) Constant moment for all curvatures (D) Constant curvature for all moments Answer: Option C

Question No. 243 If the depth of the section of an upper column is smaller than the lower column

(A) Filler plates are provided with column splice (B) Bearing plates are provided with column splice (C) Filler plates and bearing plates are provided with column splice (D) None of these Answer: Option D

Question No. 244 If the thickness of plate to be connected by a rivet is 16 mm, then suitable size of rivet as per Unwin's formula will be

(A) 16 mm (B) 20 mm (C) 24 mm (D) 27 mm Answer: Option C

Question No. 245 A major beam in a building structure, is known as

(A) A girder (B) A floor beam (C) A main beam (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 246 Angle of inclination of the lacing bar with the longitudinal axis of the column should preferably be between

(A) 10° to 30° (B) 30° to 40° (C) 40° to 70° (D) 90° Answer: Option C

Question No. 247 In case of cantilever fillers, the ratio of the span L to depth d, should not exceed

(A) 4

(B) 8 (C) 12 (D) 16 Answer: Option C

Question No. 248 The internal pressure coefficient on walls for buildings with large permeability is taken as

(A) ± 0.2 (B) ±0.5 (C) ± 0.7 (D) 0 Answer: Option C

Question No. 249 The gross diameter of a rivet is the diameter of

(A) Cold rivet before driving (B) Rivet after driving (C) Rivet hole (D) None of these Answer: Option B

Question No. 250 The centrifugal force due to curvature of track is assumed to act on the bridge at a height of

(A) 1.23 m above the rail level (B) 1.50 m above the rail level (C) 1.83 m above the rail level (D) 2.13 m above the rail level Answer: Option C

Question No. 251 The tensile strength of mild steel for bolts and nuts should not be less than

(A) 32 kg/mm2 (B) 36 kg/mm2 (C) 40 kg/mm2 (D) 44 kg/mm2 Answer: Option D

Question No. 252 Efficiency of a riveted joint, having the minimum pitch as per IS : 800, is

(A) 40 % (B) 50 % (C) 60 % (D) 70 % Answer: Option C

Question No. 253 In double lacing, the thickness t of flat lacing is

(A) t < 1/40 th length between inner end rivets (B) t < 1/50 th length between inner end rivets (C) t < 1/60 th length between inner end rivets (D) t < 1/70 th length between inner end rivets Answer: Option C

Question No. 254 According to IS Specifications, the effective length of a column effectively held in position at both ends and restrained in direction at one end is taken as

(A) 0.67 L (B) 0.8 L (C) L (D) 1.5 L Answer: Option B

Question No. 255 If M is the moment due to a couple in a bearing plate whose width is b and allowable bending stress is P, the thickness (t) of the bending plate of the column splice, is

(A) t b × p)/6M] (B) t M/(b × p)] (C) t = 6M/bp (D) t M/(b × p) Answer: Option B

Question No. 256 The web crippling due to excessive bearing stress can be avoided by

(A) Increasing the web thickness (B) Providing suitable stiffeners (C) Increasing the length of the bearing plates (D) None of the above Answer: Option C

Question No. 257 Allowable working stress corresponding to the slenderness ratio of double angles placed back to back and connected to one side of a gusset plate, is reduced to

(A) 50 % (B) 60 % (C) 70 % (D) 80 % Answer: Option D

Question No. 258 The number of seismic zones in which the country has been divided is

(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7 Answer: Option B

Question No. 259 The critical stress on a column for elastic buckling given by Euler's formula, is

(A) fc = ²E/(I/r)² (B) fc = (I/r)²/ (C) fc = (I/r)/ (D) fc = ²E/(I/r) Answer: Option A

Question No. 260 Load factor is

(A) Always equal to factor of safety (B) Always less than factor of safety (C) Always greater than factor of safety (D) Sometimes greater than factor of safety Answer: Option C

Question No. 261 When a tension member is made of four angles with a plate as a web, the allowance for holes is made as

(A) Two holes for each angle and one hole for the web (B) One hole for each angle and one hole for the web (C) One hole for each angle and two holes for the web (D) Two holes for each angle and two holes for the web Answer: Option C

Question No. 262 The effective length of a battened column is increased by

(A) 5 % (B) 10 % (C) 15 % (D) 20 % Answer: Option B

Question No. 263 To keep the intensity of bearing pressure between the column base and concrete compressive and to vary from zero to 2P/BL, the ratio of the moment M to the axial load P should be

(A) L/2 (B) L/3 (C) L/4

(D) L/6 Answer: Option D

Question No. 264 Minimum pitch provided in riveted steel tanks is

(A) 1.5 d (B) 2.0 d (C) 2.5 d (D) 3.0 d Where d is diameter of rivets Answer: Option D

Question No. 265 The spans are considered approximately equal if the longest span does not exceed the shortest span by more than


Question No. 266 The mechanism method and the statical method give

(A) Lower and upper bounds respectively on the strength of structure (B) Upper and lower bounds respectively on the strength of structure (C) Lower bound on the strength of structure (D) Upper bound on the strength of structure Answer: Option B

Question No. 267 When two plates are placed end to end and are joined by two cover plates, the joint is known as

(A) Lap joint (B) Butt joint (C) Chain riveted lap joint (D) Double cover butt joint Answer: Option D

Question No. 268 For a standard 45° fillet, the ratio of size of fillet to throat thickness is

(A) 1 : 1 (B) (C) (D) 2 : 1 Answer: Option C

Question No. 269 The strength of a riveted lap joint is equal to its

(A) Shearing strength (B) Bearing strength (C) Tearing strength (D) Least of (a), (b) and (c) Answer: Option D

Question No. 270 The maximum spacing of vertical stiffeners is

(A) 1.33 d (B) 1.25 d (C) 1.5 d (D) 1.75 d Where d is the distance between flange angles Answer: Option C

Question No. 271 Number of rivets required in a joint, is

(A) Load/Shear strength of a rivet (B) Load/Bearing strength of a rivet (C) Load/Tearing strength of a rivet (D) Load/Rivet value Answer: Option D

Question No. 272 If the loaded length of span in meters of a railway steel bridge carrying a single track is 6 m, then impact factor is taken as

(A) 0 (B) 0.5 (C) Between 0.5 and 1.0 (D) 1.0 Answer: Option C

Question No. 273 A riveted joint many experience

(A) Tearing failure of plates (B) Splitting failure of plates at the edges (C) Bearing failure of rivets (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 274 Diameter of a bolt hole is usually taken as

(A) Gross diameter of bolt

(B) Nominal diameter + 1.5 mm (C) Nominal diameter + 2.0 mm (D) Nominal diameter of bolt Answer: Option B

Question No. 275 The effective length of a double angle strut with angles placed back to back and connected to both the sides of a gusset plate, by not less than two rivets, is

(A) 0.5 L (B) 0.67 L (C) 0.85 L (D) 2 L Answer: Option C

Question No. 276 The range of economical spacing of trusses varies from

(A) L/3 to L/5 (B) L/4 to 2L/5 (C) L/3 to L/2 (D) 2L/5 to 3L/5, where L is span Answer: Option A

Question No. 277 Effective sectional area of a compression member is:

(A) Gross sectional area - area of rivet hole (B) Gross sectional area + area of rivet hole (C) Gross sectional area × area of rivet hole (D) Gross sectional area + area of rivet hole Answer: Option A

Question No. 278 The maximum slenderness ratio of a steel column, the design of which is governed by wind or seismic forces is


Question No. 279 In plastic analysis, the shape factor for circular sections, is

(A) 1.5 (B) 1.6 (C) 1.697 (D) None of these

Answer: Option C

Question No. 280 The external wind pressure acting on a roof depends on

(A) Degree of permeability of roof (B) Slope of roof (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of the above Answer: Option B

Question No. 281 The failure of a web plate takes place by yielding if the ratio of the clear depth to thickness of the web, is less than


Question No. 282 The actual thickness of butt weld as compared to the thickness of plate is usually

(A) More (B) Less (C) Equal (D) None of the above Answer: Option A

Question No. 283 The ratio of longitudinal stress to strain within elastic limit, is known as

(A) Modulus of elasticity (B) Shear modulus of elasticity (C) Bulk modulus of elasticity (D) All the above Answer: Option A

Question No. 284 The slenderness ratio of lacing bars should not exceed


Question No. 285 In a fillet weld placed on the sides of the base, the metal experiences

(A) Shear (B) Tension (C) Compression (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 286 For steel members not exposed to weather, the thickness of steel should not be less than

(A) 4.5 mm (B) 6 mm (C) 8 mm (D) 10 mm Answer: Option B

Question No. 187 When a tension member consists of two channel sections, the allowance for rivet hole is made for two holes from

(A) Each web (B) Each flange (C) Each web or one hole from each flange whichever is more (D) Each web or one hole from each flange whichever is less Answer: Option D

Question No. 288 If a pair of angles placed back to back in tension are connected by one leg of each angle, the net effective area of the section, is

(A) a - [b/{1 + 0.35 (b/a)}] (B) a + [b/{1 + 0.35 (b/a)}] (C) a - [b/{1 + 0.2 (b/a)}] (D) a + [b/{1 + 0.2 (b/a)}] Answer: Option D

Question No. 289

P E to be 25% of the computed value of P and E respectively, the minimum value of the factor of safety is

(A) 1.00 (B) 0.67 (C) 1.67 (D) 2.67 Answer: Option C

Question No. 290 A beam is defined as a structural member subjected to

(A) Axial loading (B) Transverse loading

(C) Axial and transverse loading (D) None of these Answer: Option B

Question No. 291 The allowable stress in axial tension for rolled I-sections and channels, is taken as

(A) 1420 kg/cm2 (B) 1500 kg/cm2 (C) 2125 kg/cm2 (D) 1810 kg/cm2 Answer: Option B

Question No. 292 Secant formula for direct stress in compression, is applicable only for slenderness ratio upto


Question No. 293 An axial loaded column is supported on a slab base whose projection is 8 cm. If the intensity of pressure from concrete is 40 kg/cm2 and allowable bending stress in slab base is 1890 kg/cm2, the thickness (t) of the slab base, is

(A) t (B) t (C) t = 21/64 (D) t = 64/21 Answer: Option B

Question No. 294 A compression member consisting of angle sections may be a

(A) Continuous member (B) Discontinuous single angle strut (C) Discontinuous double angle strut (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 295 The main advantage of a steel member, is:

(A) Its high strength (B) Its gas and water tightness (C) Its long service life (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 296 A riveted joint may experience

(A) Shear failure (B) Shear failure of plates (C) Bearing failure (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 297 IS : 800 - 1971 recommends that in a splice plate the number of rivets carrying calculated shear stress through a packing greater than 6 mm thick, is to be increased by 2.5% for every

(A) 1.00 mm thickness of packing (B) 1.50 mm thickness of packing (C) 2.0 mm thickness of packing (D) 2.50 mm thickness of packing Answer: Option C

Question No. 298 To the calculated area of cover plates of a built-up beam, an allowance for rivet holes to be added, is

(A) 10 % (B) 13 % (C) 15 % (D) 18 % Answer: Option B

Question No. 299 If the moment of inertia of a section about its axis is and its effective sectional area is , its radius of gyration r about the axis, is

(A) r = I/A (B) r I/A) (C) r = (I/A) (D) r A/I) Answer: Option B

Question No. 300 A structural member subjected to compressive stress in a direction parallel to its longitudinal axis, is generally known as

(A) Column (B) Stanchion (C) Post (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 301 The equivalent axial tensile load Pe, which produces an average axial tensile stress in the section equivalent to the combined stress due to axial tension P and bending M, at the extreme fibre of the section, is given by (where Z is the section modulus of the section).

(A) Pe = P + MA/Z (B) Pe = P - MA/Z (C) Pe = P - Z/MA (D) Pe = P + Z/MA Answer: Option A

Question No. 302 Live load

(A) Varies in magnitude (B) Varies in position (C) Is expressed as uniformly distributed load (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 303 The maximum permissible slenderness ratio of a member carrying loads resulting from wind, is


Question No. 304 The average shear stress for rolled steel beam section, is


Question No. 305 For a rectangular section, the ratio of the maximum and average shear stresses, is

(A) 1.5 (B) 2.0 (C) 2.5 (D) 3.5 Answer: Option A

Question No. 306 For the steel member exposed to weather and accessible for repainting, the thickness of steel should not be less than (accepting the webs of Indian Standard rolled steel joists and channels).


Question No. 307 The permissible stress in bending for rolled steel I-beams and channels, is

(A) 1500 kg/cm2 (B) 1575 kg/cm2 (C) 945 kg/cm2 (D) 1650 kg/cm2 Answer: Option D

Question No. 308 The distance measured along one rivet line from the centre of a rivet to the centre of adjoining rivet on an adjacent parallel rivet line, is called

(A) Pitch of rivet (B) Gauge distance of rivet (C) Staggered pitch (D) All the above Answer: Option C

Question No. 309 The effective length of a simply supported beam with ends restrained against torsion, and also the ends of compression flange partially restrained against lateral bending, is given by

(A) L = span (B) L = 0.85 span (C) L = 0.75 span (D) L = 0.7 span Answer: Option B

Question No. 310 The permissible bearing stress in steel, is


Question No. 311 Strengths of a rivet in single shearing, in bearing and in tearing are 3425 kg, 4575 kg and 5025 kg respectively. If the load in the member is 35 tonnes, the number of rivets required, is

(A) 10 (B) 11

(C) 12 (D) 13 Answer: Option D

Question No. 312 The bending moment for filler joists at the middle of an intermediate span, is

(A) WL²/10 (B) - WL²/10 (C) - WL²/12 (D) WL²/12 Answer: Option D

Question No. 313 A simply supported beam carrying a central load, will be safe in deflection if the ratio of its span to depth, is

(A) < 19 (B) < 24 (C) > 19 (D) > 24 Answer: Option B

Question No. 314 When a load is transferred through one surface to another surface in contact, the stress is known as

(A) Tensile stress (B) Compressive stress (C) Shearing stress (D) None of these Answer: Option D

Question No. 315 If p and d are pitch and gross diameter of rivets, the efficiency ( ) of the riveted joint, is given by

(A) = p/p - d (B) = p/p + d (C) = p - d/p (D) = p + d/p Answer: Option C

Question No. 316 The slenderness ratio of a column is zero when its length

(A) Is zero (B) Is equal to its radius of gyration (C) Is supported on all sides throughout its length (D) Is between the points of zero moments Answer: Option D

Question No. 317 A 20 mm dia steel bar which is subjected to an axial tension of 2300 kg/cm2 produces a strain of 0.004 cm. If Young's modulus of steel is 2.1 × 106 kg/cm2, the bar is

(A) In the elastic range (B) In the plastic range (C) At yield point (D) None of these Answer: Option A

Question No. 318 The maximum axial load which is just sufficient to keep a column in a small deflected shape, is called

(A) Crippling load (B) Buckling load (C) Critical load (D) All the above Answer: Option D

Question No. 319 Spans of continuous fillers are considered approximately equal if the longest span does not exceed the shortest span by more than


Question No. 320 The ratio of the span L of the filler joists to the depth d from the underside of the joist to the top of the structural concrete, should not exceed


Question No. 321 With a percentage increase of carbon in steel, decreases its

(A) Strength (B) Hardness (C) Brittleness (D) Ductility Answer: Option D

Question No. 322 The allowable stress in axial tension is generally kept less if thickness of the member is more than

(A) 10 mm (B) 12 mm (C) 15 mm (D) 20 mm Answer: Option D

Question No. 323 The maximum permissible slenderness ratio of compression member carrying dead and superimposed load, is


Question No. 324 Tacking rivets in compression plates not exposed to the weather, have a pitch not exceeding 300 mm or

(A) 16 times the thickness of outside plate (B) 24 times the thickness of outside plate (C) 32 times the thickness of outside plate (D) 36 times the thickness of outside plate Answer: Option C

Question No. 325 A single angle in tension is connected by one leg only. If the areas of connecting and outstanding legs are respectively a and b, net effective area of the angle, is

(A) a - [b/{1 + 0.35 (b/a)}] (B) a + [b/{1 + 0.35 (b/a)}] (C) a - [b/{1 + 0.2 (b/a)}] (D) a + [b/{1 + 0.2 (b/a)}] Answer: Option B

Question No. 326 If L is the overall length of a combined footing having A as its area, d being the distance between the centre of gravity of the base and centre of the base, the larger width b is

(A) (A/L) + (3Ad/L²) (B) (A/L) + (6Ad/L²) (C) (A/L) - (6Ad/L²) (D) (A/L) - (3Ad/L²) Answer: Option B

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