Civil Engineering Summer Training Report at RITES Ltd.

INTERNSHIP REPORT [ Internship completed from June 6 to July 18, 2017 ]

SAHAB ASSAS AJAZ 7/6/17 JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA

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SAHAB ASSAS AJAZ │ 1

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AKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am very thankful to RAIL INDIA TECHNICAL ECONOMIC SERVICES

LIMITED ( RITES LTD. ) , A GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ENTERPRISE

for having given me the opportunity to undertake my summer training at their 3-

STAR GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) RATING

HOSTEL # PROJECT. It was a very good learning experience for me to have

worked at this site as this project involved many unique construction practices

and challenges. I would like to convey my heartiest thanks to Mr. Jawed

Ashraf, Asst. Manager CP Division, RITES Ltd. , who heartily welcomed me

for the internship. I would also like to give my heart-felt thanks to Mr. Md.

Iqbal Saifi , TA/CP Division who guided and encouraged me all through the

summer training and imparted in-depth knowledge of the project. Also I would

like to thank Mr. Ashutosh, who assisted me and guided me whenever I needed

help. I would like to thank all the department heads of RITES Ltd. For giving

their precious time and valuable guidance during my internship programme.

Last but not the least ; I would like to thank all the staff at RITES Ltd. &

GARG BUILDERS for being so helpful during the summer training.

Name : Sahab Assas Ajaz

Date : 18th July, 2017

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ABSTRACT

The internship report in broad-spectrum consists of five chapters in which I try

to explain my six-week experience in my hosting company. The content of all

chapters is broadly explained and is constructed from the practical basis of the

site work ended all weeks.

In the opening chapter I have given details of the hosting company background

including its overview, resources, ISO certifications, services offered,

organisation structure and Corporate Social Responsibility & Sustainability

Policy. In this chapter I put all record and futurity of my hosting company with

its official address. So, it gives details of the company in terms of briefing and

the reader can easily know and access the company.

The second chapter gives the introduction to the project on which I was

working on and gives technical specifications of the project.

The third chapter is the most hunted chapter which explains my overall

internship familiarity in the last successive weeks. This chapter is the main

chapter and I record on it the overall work I have been executing. It gives light

what I have been doing and the main works of the construction industry.

After all those chapters explained above I go to the fourth chapter and explains

the main benefits of internship class in terms of different aspect and areas. It is

obvious that the internship has a plus in terms of improving skills and different

abilities as a whole. The advantages and gains of the internship putted in short

and prices way to grasp the attention of readers and evaluators.

The final and the fifth chapter explains about winding up and gives conclusion

obtained at the end of Engineering Internship Program.

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Contents

Chapter 1 Background of the hosting company 5

Introduction…………………………………………………………………….5

Services Offered………………………………………………………………..6

Office Address………………………………………………………………….7

ISO9001:2008 certification…………………………………………………….8

RITES CSR & Sustainability Policy……………………………………………9

Organisation Structure...……………………………………………………….10

RITES CSR & Sustainability Cell Structure…………………………………..10

Project Elevation……………………………………………………………….14

Project Details………………………………………………………………….15

Site Location…………………………………………………………………...17

Chapter 2 Brief Introduction of Project 18

Chapter 3 Overall Internship Experience 42

3.1 Joining the company……………………………………………………….42

3.2 Section of the company I have worked…………………………………….42

3.2.1 Flow in the section……………………………………………………42

3.3 Work piece or task I have been executing…………………………………45

3.4 Procedure I have used when I perform work tasks………………………...47

3.4.1 Setting Out…………………………………………………………….47

3.4.2 Excavations……………………………………………………………48

3.4.3 Fill……………………………………………………………………..49

3.4.4 Masonry Works…..……………………………………………………49

3.4.5 Concrete Formwork…………………………………………………...49

3.4.6 Reinforcement Bar…………………………………………………….51

3.4.7 Concrete………………………………………………………………..51

3.4.7.1 Constituents of the concrete…………………………………….52

3.4.7.2 Mixing of concrete……………………………………………...54

3.4.7.3 Pouring of concrete……………………………………………..54

3.4.7.4 Concrete consolidation…………………………………………55

3.4.7.5 Curing…………………………………………………………..55

3.5 My performance during accomplishing work tasks……………………….55

3.6 Challenges I have faced……………………………………………………55

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Chapter 4 Overall benefits of the internship 57

1. Improving practical skill………………………………………………..57

2. Upgrading the theoretical knowledge…………………………………..57

3. Upgrading interpersonal skill…………………………………………...58

4. Improving leadership skills…………………………………………….58

5. Work ethics and related issues…………………………………………58

Chapter 5 Conclusion 59

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INRODUCTION

RITES Ltd. a Government of India Enterprise was established in 1974 , under

the aegis of Indian Railways. RITES is incorporated in India as a Public Limited

Company under the Companies Act, 1956 and is governed by a Board of

Directors which includes persons of eminence from various sectors of

engineering and management.

RITES Ltd., an ISO 9001:2008 certified company is a multi-disciplinary

consultancy organisation in the fields of transport, infrastructure and related

technologies. It provides a comprehensive array of services under a single roof

and believes in transfer of technology to client organisations. In overseas

projects, RITES actively pursues and develops cooperative links with local

consultants / firms, as means of maximum utilization of local resources and as

an effective of sharing its expertise.

RITES is internationally recognized as a leading consultant with operational

experience of 62 countries in Africa, South East Asia, Middle East and Latin

America. Most RITES foreign assignments are for National Governments and

other apex organisations.

Resources

RITES employs over 2000 staff including over 1200 specialists of high

professional standing in the fields of engineering, management and planning.

Besides full time professionals, RITES has also on its panel a large number of

experts, whose services can be drawn upon at short notice. This provides the

company an unmatched strength in meeting the needs of its clients worldwide.

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RITES CSR & Sustainability Policy

2.1 Corporate Social Responsibility and sustainability policy is our commitment

to operate in economically, socially and environmentally sustainable manner

that is transparent and ethical. It encourages engagement with the stake holders

in determining their needs and expectations. The stake holders include

employees, shareholders, investors, customers, clients, business associates, civil

society groups, Center/State/local government, communities, environment and

society at large.

2.2 RITES shall strive to integrate social and environment concerns in its

business processes and work towards providing the best possible solutions for

sustainable developmental needs of the society by:

1. Spreading awareness amongst employees about the company’s CSR &

Sustainability policy, programmes & initiatives and the need and

importance of adopting ethical business practices and implementation

of CSR & Sustainability agenda of the company.

2. Promoting the cause of Sustainable Development and giving due

attention to social and environmental aspects and their impacts in all its

activities including the feasibility studies, investigations, detailed

designs & DPRs for various developmental projects in transportation &

infrastructure sector.

3. Encourage use of renewable energy resources such as solar, wind,

biomass & others and reduce its carbon, water and waste foot prints.

4. Engagement with stakeholders in undertaking CSR & Sustainability

projects in and around the areas of companies offices/projects and also

other backward region/areas with focus on creating the necessary

infrastructure which will promote education, health, sanitation and

provide connectivity/mobility, skills and preserve natural habitat, water

resources, flora and fauna, greenery, environment, heritage and culture.

5. Regular reporting of CSR & Sustainability performance of the company.

6. Creating and enhancing the brand value of the company by adoption of

highest standards of Corporate Governance and best management

practices and application of its business expertise for the good of the

community and society at large.

2.3 This policy flows from the Corporate Mission of the company.

2.4 CSR Policy relates to the activities to be undertaken as specified in Schedule

VII of the sub – section (1) of section 467 of the Companies Act (18 of 2013).

Refer Chapter 5.

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Organisation Structure

3.1 Board level committee headed by an Independent Director has been

constituted to oversee the implementation of CSR & Sustainability policy and to

assist the Board of Directors to formulate suitable policies & strategies in this

regard.

3.2 CSR & Sustainability Committee has been reconstituted on 3 June 2016

1. Members of the Committee at present:

Sh. Satish Sareen : Independent Director, Chairman CSR Committee Dr.

Vidya Rajiv Yeravdekar : Independent Director Sh. Anil Kumar Goel :

Independent Director Sh. A.P. Dwivedi : Govt. Nominee Director Sh.

Ajay Kumar Gaur : Director Finance / RITES

2. Quorum for the CSR Board Level meeting/s shall be 2 persons.

3.3 The Board Level Committee will be assisted by a CSR & Sustainability cell

headed by a senior executive and designated as nodal officer who will co

ordinate with various SBUs & Divisions on policy, strategy, communication of

progress/ performance of CSR & Sustainability initiatives of the company.

RITES CSR & Sustainability Cell Structure

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3.4 CSR & Sustainability cell shall function under GGM/CSR as Nodal officer.

The activities of CSR & Sustainability cell would include:

1. Identification of stakeholders (both internal and external) and meaningful

engagement with them to ascertain the needs of society/ community

especially those from the underprivileged/unprivileged sections.

2. Converting the needs of the society into meaningful CSR & Sustainability

projects with clear ownership/mentorship and arrangements for regular

post erection and commissioning operation and maintenance.

3. Project appraisal and scrutiny including the assessment of capabilities of

project execution agency (ies).

4. Implementation of CSR & Sustainability policy.

5. Seek the guidance of Board level CSR & Sustainability Committee for

proper execution and/or monitoring the projects performance/progress,

and

6. Regularly reporting to Board Level CSR & Sustainability Committee.

7. Impact Assessment

8. Any other related activity.

3.5 Brief description of roles and responsibilities of various functionaries of

CSR & Sustainability cell are given as below:

1. Nodal Officer (GGM/CSR): overall coordination and oversight for

implementation of RITES CSR & Sustainability Policy and regularly

reporting the progress/performance to the Board level CSR &

Sustainability committee.

2. JGM/C & or DGM/C:

1. Identification of stakeholders (both internal and external) and

meaningful engagement with them to ascertain the needs of society/

community especially those from the underprivileged/unprivileged

sections.

2. Converting the needs of the society into meaningful CSR &

Sustainability projects with clear ownership/mentorship and

arrangements for regular post erection and commissioning operation

and maintenance.

3. Project appraisal and scrutiny including the assessment of capabilities

of project execution agency (ies).

4. Disbursal and accountal of funds including utilization certificates and

Audit/evaluation by internal/external agencies

5. Any other related activity.

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3.5.3 Architect:

3.5.3.1 Coordination with various internal

stakeholders/SBUs/divisions for regular update on progress of the project.

3.5.3.2 Agenda, minutes and other information/data required by the

Board level CSR & Sustainability Committee.

3.5.3.3 Assist Nodal officer in conduct of reviews/appraisals and

implementation of the directions of the Board level Committee. 3.5.3.4 Any

other related activity.

3.5.4 Engineer/C:

3.5.4.1 Inspection at project sites for monitoring physical and

financial progress.

3.5.4.2 Measurements and quality control.

3.5.4.3 Assist JGM/C & or DGM/C for proper monitoring of

project progress.

3.5.4.4 Any other related activity.

3.5.5 CSR Associate:

3.5.5.1 MIS for CSR & Sustainability activities of the company.

3.5.5.2 Assist JGM/C & or DGM/C for data compilation and

analysis.

3.5.5.3 Any other related activity.

3.6 CSR & Sustainability projects will be taken up after due diligence, need

assessment or base line surveys conducted either by company or other NGOs,

district/ local administration or by similar organizations. For selection of

projects, assistance of concerned GM/GGM of regional project/ inspection

office(s) and other SBU/ Divisional heads would be taken; however final

compilation of list of projects shall be carried out by the nodal officer at

corporate level, in consultation with top management.

3.7 The Board level committee shall assist BOD in formulating suitable policies

and strategies to take the CSR & Sustainability agenda of the company forward

ensuring:

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• That the organization conducts its business with full integrity and transparency

in most ethical manner following the guidelines of Corporate Governance.

• Welfare of employees by addressing their concerns of safety, security,

professional enrichment and healthy working conditions

• Inclusive growth and equitable development in society through capacity

building and empowerment of marginalized and under-privileged

sections/communities.

• Approval of the annual plans and budget for CSR & Sustainability activities of

the company.

3.8 The role of CSR & Sustainability cell shall be as under:

• To exercise control over the implementation of CSR & Sustainability activities

within the organization and also outside covering internal as well as external

stakeholders.

• Preparation of CSR & Sustainability Agenda, plans/programmes in accordance

with CSR & Sustainability Policy of the company.

• Coordination between various divisions and SBUs for selection,

implementation, monitoring the performance/progress of CSR & Sustainability

program.

• Engagement with various stakeholders (both internal and external) for

identification of the needs, implementing agencies.

• Reporting progress/performance of the various CSR & Sustainability activities

to the Board level committee.

• Increasing the awareness amongst the employees and other stakeholders on the

issues of environment, sustainability and community engagement and involving

them in determining the agenda of the organization.

• To control & regulate the expenditure on CSR & Sustainability activities

ensuring compliance to DPE guidelines for utilization of funds.

• Sustainability reporting, impact assessment, promotional activities, including

printing of promotional materials and publicity documentation of various

activities and submission

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PROPOSED – PROJECT

3 – STAR GRIHA RATING HOSTEL at

JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA, NEW DELHI

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THE PROJECT DETAILS

PROJECT – CONSTRUCTION OF 3 – STAR

GRIHA RATING HOSTEL TO ACCOMMODATE THE

STUDENTS FROM THE STATE OF JAMMU & KASHMIR

LOCATION – JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA, NEW DELHI

CLIENT – JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA

ARCHITECT – G.C SHARMA & SONS

CONSULTANT – RITES LIMITED

CONTRACTOR – GARG BUILDERS

PROJECT COST – RS. 14,74,83,712

PROJECT DURATION – 15 MONTHS

DATE OF STARTING OF PROJECT – 2ND APRIL, 2016

EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION –

COMPETENT AUTHORITY OF THE PROJECT – RITES LTD.

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SITE LOCATION

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A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT

RITES Limited is constructing the new ₹148 million state-of-the-art 3 – star

GRIHA rating hostel in JAMIA MILLIA ISLAMIA .This G +7 building will

serve residence to 700 pupils. It will be complete in last quarter of 2017.

The technical details of the Project is :

AREA DETAILS

TOTAL PLOT AREA 793493.19 SQ. M

NET PLOT AREA 7041.80 SQ. M

PROPOSED GROUND FLOOR AREA 1718.08 SQ. M

PROPOSED TOTAL HEIGHT 14.95 M (up to terrace lvl.)

PROPOSED TOTAL HEIGHT 17.85 M (top of machine room lvl.)

FLOOR STOREY AREA (SQ. M)

GROUND FLOOR 1718.08

FIRST FLOOR 1583.53

SECOND FLOOR 1539.10

THIRD FLOOR 1488.54

FOURTH FLOOR 1488.54

FIFTH FLOOR 1802.07

SIXTH FLOOR 1802.07

SEVENTH FLOOR 1802.07

TOTAL 13224.00

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Land Use – The reporting gross plot area is 196.10 acres = 793493.19 sq. m

which reduces to 7041.8 sq. m as per our project boundary, which can be

classified into 2 categories –

a) Area under Non-Agricultural uses such as lands occupied by

buildings, railways and roads or any other land uses other than

agriculture. About 95% of our project plot area comes under this

category.

b) Land under miscellaneous Tree crops and Grooves not included in

Net Sown Area such as Casuarina trees, thatching grasses, bamboo

bushes and other grooves which are not included under ‘Orchards’

should be classed under this category. About 5% area of our

project plot area comes under this category.

Ground coverage – Ground coverage is the ratio of ground floor area over net

plot area expressed as A percentage. The ground floor area of the project is

∴ 𝑔𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎

𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 × 100 =

1718.08 𝑠𝑞. 𝑚

7041.8 𝑠𝑞. 𝑚× 100 = 24.4 %

FAR – FAR stands for FLOOR AREA RATIO, which is the ratio of total

amount of usable floor area a building has over net area of plot expressed as a

percentage.

∴ 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎

𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑡 =

13224

7041.8 × 100 = 187.8 % < 200 %

Dwelling Density – Dwelling density is defined as the number of dwellings per

hectare. The dwelling density of our project is 634 dwellings / hectare.

Utility of the Building – The project building is generally a Residential

Building. The project facilitates utilities like Electricity, Natural Gas, Chilled

water, Potable water and Sewage.

Number of Storeys – The project is a G + 7 building.

Soil Type – The soil type found in the project area is a sandy-silt soil.

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Bearing Capacity – Safe bearing capacity of the soil is 13 tonne / sq. m upto

2500 mm below the ground level as per soil test report.

Type of Foundation – The adopted foundation type of the project is Raft

Foundation.

RAFT THICNESS 750 MM THICK U.N.O.

ALL TEMPERATURE STEEL SHALL BE

10 @ 200 c/c wherever required

Type of Structure – The project is a RCC Framed Structure. The common

structural members are beam, column , slabs.

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Concrete mix used in different components of the structures –

1. Concrete mix M-25 is used for all RCC work unless otherwise

specified.

2. Clear Cover to outer bars :

In footings – 50 mm

In columns – 40 mm

In beams – 25 mm

In slabs – 20 mm

3. All loose pockets found in excavation shall be replaced by lean

concrete ↔ 1 : 4 : 8 :: cement : sand : coarse aggregate

4. Lap length for all bars shall be 47 × dia of bars

5. 250 mm thick & 125 mm thick brickwork shall be in

cement : sand – 1 : 6 & 1 : 4 respectively

6. For design purposes Seismic Zone – IV as per IS 1893 is

considered.

CONSTITUENTS IN 1 CUBIC M. CONCRETE

CONCRETE

GRADE WATER CEMENT FINE AGGREGATE

COARSE AGGREGATE

10 MM 20 MM

M25

PUMPABLE

CONCRETE

145L 350KG 688KG 492KG 680KG

M30

NON-

PUMPABLE

CONCRETE

153KG 375KG 570KG 620KG 620KG

Admixtures used – Admixtures are artificial or natural materials added to the

concrete besides cement, water and aggregate to improve certain property of

concrete during casting or setting or service stage. The admixture used at the

project is FOSROC Stucturo PCE .

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W/C ratio – It is the ratio of weight of water to weight of cement . In the

project the w/c ratio for M25 pump able concrete and M30 non-pump able

concrete is 0.414 and 0.408 respectively.

Source of coarse and fine aggregates – The aggregates are imported from

NOVOCO plant at Kotputli.

Cement make and grade – The cement used in the project is SHREE

CEMENT of 53 grade.

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Steel make, type and grade – Steel used in the project is SAIL TMT .

Grade – Fe500

Type – High yield strength deformed bars of yield strength 500 Mpa

CEMENT DESCRIPTION

Shree ultra cement 53 grade BIS specification 53

grade

Shree ultra-

cement 53-grade

Fineness (m2 / kg) 225 385

Soundness

Le chatelier expansion (mm) max. 10 1.0

Auto-clave expansion (%) max. 0.8 0.606

Setting time (mins)

Initial min. 30 111

Final max. 600 166

Compressive strength (mpa)

3 days 27 41.3

7 days 37 54.7

28 days 53 67.6

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Bar dia (ϕ) Used in structural member

6mm Masonry work

8mm Stirrups/ties

10mm Slab Reinforcement

12mm Staircase

16mm Beam & column

20mm Beam , column &

foundation

25mm Beam & column

32mm Column

Compaction and curing details – Compaction is done by electric vibrators and

curing is done by sprinkling water with gunny bags.

Type of shutters , formworks and scaffolding –

Formwork – All arrangement done to support the green concrete the

green concrete till it attains the strength is known as form work or

temporary work. Formwork determines the geometry, shape , size and

finish of the structure.

Shuttering – Part of the formwork which supports the vertical surface is

called shuttering for example column sides, beam sides , wall sides etc.

Centering – Part of the formwork which supports he horizontal surface is

called centering for example slab bottom , beam bottom etc.

Staging – The portion which supports centring & shuttering is called

staging . This can be wooden ballies, pipes/props/jacks , H frames , space

frames using coupler / cup lock system.

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Scaffolding – That arrangement which is meant to be supporting platform

for people ( labour , supervisor , mason , filter , painter , carpenter etc. ) is

known as scaffolding.

Figure description :

1 Shuttering

2 Centring & staging

3 Shuttering & staging

4 Scaffolding

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Finishing materials details -Finishing materials are used to improve the

service and decorative qualities of buildings and structures, as well as to

protect structural members from atmospheric and other effects. The main

finishing materials in modern construction include finishing mortars and

concretes; natural and artificial masonry materials ; decorative ceramics ;

materials and items made from wood , paper , glass , plastic, and metals;

and paints and varnishes.

Finishing materials are usually designed for interior or exterior finishing ;

some materials are used for both ( for example , natural decorative

stones, ceramic materials , architectural glass.)

The finishing materials used in the project for :

i. Floor – Vitrified tiles are used for floors in rooms and halls. Quota

flooring is used in corridor and staircase. Granite is used in counter

slab and lift lobby.

ii. Wall exterior & interior – The interior and exterior wall are

finished with 12mm thick plaster with fine sand and JK Wall Putty.

iii. Façade – Façade of a building is often the most important aspect

from a design standpoint , as it sets the tone for the rest of the

building. From engineering perspective of a building , the façade is

also of great importance due to impact on energy efficiency. In the

project the façade is finished with 12 mm thick plaster with apex

paint.

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FIGURE

1 Vitrified Tile

2 Granite Flooring

3 Wall Putty

4 Apex Paint

5 Kota Flooring

6 12mm thick fine sand plaster

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Bricks – The brick used in the project is a AAC block ( Autoclave aerated

concrete block is a light weight ,precast , foam concrete building material that

simultaneously provides structure , insulation , and fire and mild resistance. It

is a highly thermally insulating concrete based material used for both internal

and external construction . Its one of the main advantage is its quick and easy

installation , because the material can be routed , sanded , or cut to size on the

site. Due to its lower density, high rise buildings constructed using AAC

requires less steel and concrete for structural members . The requirement of

mortar for laying of AAC blocks is reduced due lower number of joints . AAC

blocks weigh about one-fifth of typical brick.

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Doors & Windows – The frames of the doors and windows are made by MS

Tube (Mild Steel Tube). 35 mm Flush doors are used with block board and ply

board.

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Equipments / machine employed at site – There are several machinery

deployed at site . the list is given below :

Details of Plant & Equipments deployed at the site

S.No. Machinery No.

1 Generator 1

2 Welding & wood cutting machine 2

3 Tractor Loader backhoe (JCB) 1

4 Batching plant 1

5 Concrete mixer 1

6 Steel bar bending machine 2

7 Steel bar cutting machine 2

8 Tower Crane 1

9 Transit mixer end dump truck As reqd.

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No. of lifts ( make, capacity , speed etc. ) / stairs including fire fighting –

The project has 5 lifts with one lift of capacity of 13 persons and rest four of

capacity 10 persons each. It also has 4 staircases . The lift to be placed are of

OTRIS Ltd. which has high speeds.

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Safety Measures at site – Safety measures taken at the project site is :

1. Helmet

2. Shoes

3. Gloves

4. Safety jacket

5. Safety Harness

6. Caution tape

Source and Quality of water – The source of water at the project site is

Ground Water which has a PH about 7.4

Water Conservation measures – The project has adequate rain water

harvesting unit which is to be used for horticulture purposes.

Potential environmental problem caused due to process – The problems

caused to the environment are very rare and mainly related to soil and noise.

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Type of pollution generated – The main problem of the project is noise

pollution and to some extent soil pollution. After the building will be

serviceable sewage and solid waste will also be a problem.

Pollution control measures taken – For the soil pollution control , top soil

from the project area is excavated and collected in a area under constant water

sprinkling . For the waste water of the project a 70 KL STP is also under

construction.

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Method used for pollution control – The 50 KL sewage treatment plant will

comprise of a septic tank.

Concrete – Ready mix pump able Concrete for the project is imported from

ENPEECON Pvt Ltd in Sarai Kale Khan , New Delhi.

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Some other certificates and notes –

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OVER ALL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE

3.1 Joining the company

Since we finish 3rd year class we got the application letter for internship from

the department of civil engineering. So , I have been searching a hosting

company in the summer but I don’t get any company that satisfy my own

interest because they don’t have ability and capacity to teach intern student also

some company reject student because other colleges apply first.

So I applied a letter to our department’s teacher Mr. Serajuddin Ahmed to find

me a hosting company. He send me with another student to the company called

RITES Ltd. Then we went there to begin to work and we ask the worker around

there that where was the office. They show us and we ask the resident engineer

Md. Jawed Khan and he gave us the orientation about the overall work we

perform throughout the whole internship months and told us we can begin the

work the next day. As he told us we begin work and join the company

3.2 Section of the company I have worked

I have been working in the 3-star GRIHA rating hostel project (a hostel

expansion project ). The project consists of a mega G + 7 residential building

which id divided into 5 blocks. When I arrived the project was reaching the

floor level of the seventh floor so I had a opportunity to work for a complete

storey which was to be build.

3.2.1 Flow in the section

The working flow of the consultant and the contractor has a many advantages as

in every work there is a work flow whatever small is the section. In my working

site at the Jamia Millia Islamia university project the work flow look like the

chart below.as shown in the chart every work was executed based on this flow.

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1. Design and supervision team

The team includes structural engineer, architectural engineers, sanitary

engineer, electrical engineers and other experienced engineers in the

profession. The design and supervision team is a team from consultant

side which guide every work executed in that site and gives supervision

for the contractor based on the drawing and specification.

Design and supervision team

Project Manger

Office Engineer

Forman Skilled and non-skilled workers

Surveyor

Resident Engineer

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2. Resident Engineer

Position is responsible for multiple construction projects or a single

project of a large scale requiring multiple disciplines. This includes

reviewing design ; supervising construction progress and scheduling;

starting up processes systems/equipment or facilities for turning over to

owners personnel. Supervise field staff and contractor on the site with

responsibility for quality construction in accordance with plans and

specifications. He also responsible for approval of change of orders,

invoices, and payment applications which may include final payment. So,

the resident engineer mostly control every work as much as possible in

terms of their quality , cost, and time. Testing of materials delivered at

site and safety of workers starting from managers to daily labours area

also the duty of resident engineer.

3. Project manager

The project manager has too many responsibilities at the site and in our

site this position is accountable for the contractor or the owner and are

appointed by the owner of the construction company. The main duty of

the manager is to manage the whole site work execution, make payment

to sub contract workers, approves material request, analyses the work

process, executes sub- contracting agreements, reviews and checks te

reports made by the office engineer.

4. Site engineer

Site engineer is accountable for the following tasks and responsibilities :

Studying the work plan submitted by the contractor and suggests

any modifications.

To watch and inspect the constriction works and assure that it is

done in full accordance with the drawings, technical specifications

and bill of quantities.

Supervising the works om site in accordance with the contract

documents and using the template and procedure established by the

consultant.

Inspecting and testing materials prior to their use at site asper

sample approved by the consultant and ensuring removal of

rejected material out from the site.

Insuring the correct implementation of the works according to

technical specifications, to designs and quality of materials

Checking of layout and setting out of buildings with respect to

existing structures and site levels.

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Checking and testing of completed works before they are covered

by the contractor, taking photos on a regular basis and on account

of defective work.

Ensuring that health and safety measures are adopted and followed

to the full extent

Prepare weekly report and suggest and instruct addition safety

measure if needed

5. Foreman

A foreman is a worker or trade man who is in charge of the construction

crew and is a skilled supervisor who is responsible to work side by side

with the project manger, proper owner and other construction design

engineers in order to complete project in a given time limit. His job is to

employ the suitable workers on the various tasks to complete the job, and

supervise all phases of the construction project from start to end or

supervise only a portion of the building process. Normally the foreman is

a construction worker with many years of experience in particular trade

who is charged with organising the overall construction of a particular

project.

6. Surveyor

In a construction a surveyor is mandatory so, in a site the surveyor works

starting from setting out to checking verticality, keeping the natural level

of the building, checking elevation of columns.

7. Skilled and un-skilled person

The group includes masons, carpenter, car benders and daily labours. In

our country workers of such group are appointed only by experience

these have its own advantage on the construction. They work everything

as they ordered by withier the foreman, or the site engineer.

3.3 Work piece or task I have been executing

I was assigned from the department to work with contractor’s side so to know

every work that civil engineers do. I try to work and share experience with

contractor. Also the consultant main work at site is controlling time, cost,

quality and safety of workers so those work needs inspection, test conducting

and taking different measures when the contractor doesn’t execute it properly.

Their main work is to advice and provide a better idea how the project will

finish with minimum cost, time and max. quality.

Generally, I have been working in two different sections as mentioned. I

classify the work into office work and site work.

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Office Work

In my internship period I experience office works that are worked mostly at the

site this includes some task performed by office engineer and quantity surveyor.

Such as:

I. Taking off – it is a process of preparing a detailed list of all labour and

materials necessary for the work and entering the items on properly

dimensioned paper

II. Bill of quantity – these are designed to meet the needs of estimators. It is

the format which is used in a bill of quantity to list a short description of

the specifications along with its measuring unit, quantity and unit prices

to determine the total cost for each trade of item. In the site the bill of

quantity is done by consultant with the contract document but at site we

work it again for payment.

III. Reading and interpreting drawing- drawing are means by which designer

conveys the physical, qualitative and visual description of the project to

the contractor. The drawings are two dimensional representation of the

physical structure that meets the objective of the owner. These are also

known as plans.

In our site there are 4 types of drawings:

1) Architectural Drawings

2) Structural Drawings

3) Sanitary Drawing

4) Electrical Installation Drawing

These drawings are the main language between the architect, designer

and any worker at site or office to build the model in position as specified

by the designer and the client based on the agreement. Thus to work as an

engineer in the construction site it is mandatory knowing drawings and

any other specifications. Drawings are the most common means of

communication for all types and sizes of the project. Thus I understand

each drawing and knew every symbol, abbreviation for every section and

I able to communicate with different workers using it.

Site Work

The site work was very important task for me because the internship main

object lies over her. And I have gained main knowledge from the site work like

communication skill handling workers, management skill etc. within the month

I have the ability to see any works from the project.

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The work I have been executing at the site is :

1) Supervision of works

2) Inspecting the worked element and how they work

3) Checking the work based on the given check list

The site work in general overlay over the supervision part. Every work must be

checked whether it is executed based on the methodology that contractor

provides to the consultant or not. If not the contractor must report the case why

they didn’t execute upon it.

3.4 Procedure I have used when I perform work tasks

The site work I have been performing was controlling how the work is going on

and supervising the work. Details of construction are specified in drawings,

technical specifications and in general and special conditions of the contract. I

have work most of the time at the site to become more familiar with the site

works and to get more practical knowledge. Site works in general include very

kind of work executed at the site starting from setting out till finishing works

based on the given specification and methodology. The site work that I have

been through in the entire internship period was the superstructure and not in

the sub structure. A normal building consists of two parts in general these are

the super structure and the sub structure.

Any structure below the ground floor slab level including the basement,

retaining walls, ground slabs, grade beam, and foundation is called sub

structure. In most of the cases, substructure work can be categorised as

earthwork, concrete work and masonry work. I have seen concrete pouring and

masonry work.

Super structure is the part of the building which extend above the grade beam or

everything above the sub structure includes slab, column, walls, roofs, etc. the

purpose of the super structure is to enclose and divide the space as well as

spread load safely into the sub structure.

3.4.1 Setting Out

A building is set out to clearly define the outline of the excavation and the

centreline of the walls, so that the construction can be carried out exactly

according to the plan. Surveying is carried out by total station through skilled

professional. Performing the job by the cited instrument will enable the

respective professional to decide and limit the real topography of the site. I

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didn’t saw this work but I tried to grasp some knowledge by asking the engineer

how it was worked and its main procedures.

3.4.2 Excavations

Excavation is the first step of construction. It referes to the process of removing

soil and rock from its original location, typically in preparation for constructing

foundations, basements and underground utility lines and for gradig of ground

surface. Excavated materials required for back fill is stock piled on the side for

subsequent use. Excavation work I have been seen was the bulk excavation of

the included STP site. The main aim of theexcavation work is to remove organic

soils or unwanted soils for the safety of the building from chemical attacking.

Excavation shall be carried out to the lines, level width & depth as shown on the

drawings, directed by the engineer or as appropriate to the work to be placed in

the excavation. I didn’t saw the excavation work of the main project site but I

tried to grasp some knowledge by asking the engineer how it was worked and

its main procedures.

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3.4.3 Fill

Fill work will follow the erection of foundation column. Excavation need

to be back filled with better soil type, which will have better compaction

character and would bring minimum required proctor density. Jamia

Millia area has shown that the natural excavated soil alone would attain

the compaction density based on the tested value. For better results a

minimum quantity of water may also be sprinkled for better compaction. I

didn’t saw this work but I tried to grasp some knowledge by asking the

engineer how it was worked and its main procedures.

3.4.4 Masonry Works

Masonry are works that are executed by the laying building material units

such as stone, brick and AACB of specified dimension by providing a

binding material such as mortar. I got the opportunity to see the masonry

work in the sixth storey. The masonry was built with AAC block wall

400mm for periphery walls and 250mm for partition walls. Generally,

stones used for masonry work shall be hard and sound, free from vents,

cracks, fishers, discoloration or other defects that will adversely affect

strength and appearance.

3.4.5 Concrete Formwork

As fresh concrete is in plastic state when it is placed for constructing

purpose so, it become necessary to provide some temporary structure to

confine and support the concrete till it gains sufficient strength for self-

supporting. This temporary structure is called formwork. Concrete

formwork serves as a mould to produce concrete elements having desired

size and configuration. It is usually erected for this purpose and then

remove after the concrete has cured t satisfactory strength. For

satisfactory performance formwork must be adequately strong and stiff to

carry the loads produced by the concrete, the workers placing and

finishing the concrete, and any equipment or materials supported by

forms.

In the site formwork material, we use was the plywood material which

have a good surface finish and steel support tubes for supporting the

plywood.

The general step used to construct a formwork in the site is:

1. Prepare the false work in the desired portion and level.

2. Preparing the formwork in the desired shape based on the drawing or the

size of the structure that is going to be cast.

3. Paining with a releasing agent.

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4. Nailing it with appropriate bracing element and false work.

The type of formwork that would be utilized on our site was a combination of

plywood and steel tubes. The purpose of employing plywood and steel tubes is

to make sure that quality concrete with perfect alignment would result. For

horizontal structures like reinforced concrete slab the plywood without being

cut was placed. For vertical reinforced concrete structures plywood formwork

with timber false works was used. As most of the elevation columns assume

uniform size, the plywood was cut in size and was produced in a manner it

could be easily fixed and dismantled. The bracing was done from timberland

nailed perfectly to confine fresh concrete. Dismantling of the formwork

commenced after allowable dates have elapsed since the day of the concrete

casting. The dates of dismantling for the soffit formworks were shortened by the

use of fast curing concrete admixtures.

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3.4.6 Reinforcement Bar

Concrete is much weaker intension then in compression. In its tensile strength is

approximately 10% of its compressive strength. Therefore concrete is generally

used in conjunction with steel reinforcements, which provides the tensile

strength in a concrete member. The use of plain concrete without steel

reinforcements is limited to pavement and some slabs on ground. Sttel is an

ideal material to complement concrete because the thermal expansion of the

both materials is the same.

Steel also bonds well with concrete. In a composite material, the bond between

two materials is necessary for it to function as asingle material. The bond

between steel and concrete is due to chemistry of two materials, which produces

the chemical bond between them. Additionally, as water from concrte

evaporates, it shrinks and grips the steel bars making the mechanical bond. The

mechanical bond is enhanced by using reinforcing bars, rebar, that has surface

deformations.

3.4.7 Concrete

Concrete is a composite consisting of the dispersed phase of aggregates

(ranging from its maximum size coarse aggregates down to the fine sand

particles) embedded in the matrix of the cement paste. This is a Portland cement

concrete with the four constituents of Portland cement, water, stone and sand.

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These basic components remain in the concrete but other constituents are now

often added to modify its fresh and hardened properties. This has broadened the

scope in design and construction of the concrete structures. These are translated

into strength, workability and durability in the relation to the properties of the

concrete. Since our building is a reinforced concrete structure the concrete work

was commenced every day for constructing of every part of the building.

3.4.7.1 Constituents of the concrete

The constituents of modern concrete have increased from the basic four

(cement, water, stone, and sand) to include both chemical and mineral

admixtures. These admixtures have been in use for decades, first in special

circumstances, but have now been incorporated in more and more general

application for their technical and at times economic benefits in either or both

fresh and hardened properties of concrete.

1. Cement

Cement may be described as a material with adhesive and cohesive properties

that make of bonding mineral aggregates into a compact whole. In this process,

it imparts strength and durability to the hardened mass called concrete. The

products of hydration The products of hydration form a viscous cement paste,

which coats the aggregates surfaces and fills some of the void spaces between

the aggregate pieces. The freshly set cement paste gains strength with time, on

an account of progressive filling of the void spaces in the paste with reaction

products, also resulting in a decrease in porosity and permeability.

2. Aggregates

Since aggregates occupy about three quarters of the volume of the concrete, it

contributes significantly to the structural performance of concrete, specially

strength, durability and volume stability. In general, aggregates in concrete have

been grouped according to their sizes into fine and coarse aggregates. It is

common to refer to fine aggregate as sand and coarse aggregate as stone.

3. Water

Water has a significant role to play in the making of the concrete- in mixing of

fresh concrete and in curing of hardened concrete. in order to ensure proper

strength development and durability of concrete, it is necessary that the water

used for mixing and curing is free from impurities such as oils, acids, alkalis,

salts, sugar and organic materials.

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Water that is fit for human consumption is generally considered to be suitable

for concreting. However, when the portability of the water is suspect, its

advisable to perform chemical analysis of water.

4. Admixtures

Admixtures are additives that are introduced in a concrete mix ready to modify

the properties of concrete in its fresh and hardened states. Fast curing

admixtures allow curing concrete within 3 to 5 days after the date of pouring the

concrete. In our site the admixture used was FOSROC Stucturo PCE.

Joints

Any joint, as in a physical break between members, in a concrete structure or

building is a potential weak link which may lead to serviceability problems,

lack of durability or structural failure. But in many situations they are necessary

requirement and sometimes regarded as a necessary evil.

The word ‘joint’ is used in building parlance to cover elements which have to

perform quite different functions e.g. beam-column joint and isolation joint.

Expansion joints were provided to maintain a minimum resistance at a joint.

Reinforcement don’t exceed across expansion joints. An expansion joint

prevents the continuation of cracks from due to differential settlement, variation

in temperature. Expansion joint runs through the entire building from the

ground floor up to the roof. Two columns are used at expansion joints.

Construction joint – A special type of static joint that is provided between two

concrete placements is called a construction joints or cold joint.

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3.4.7.2 Mixing of concrete

Concrete was casted in two different ways in the site. These are:

1. Batch plant

2. End dump trucks

3.4.7.3 Pouring of concrete

After the concrete is casted the next step is pouring the concrete into the

required place. Before commencing supervision is made for the bars, spacers,

different installations and form work. The equipment used for pouring the

concrete is bucket to carry the concrete, a concrete pump with its temporary

pipeline for carrying the concrete and vibrator for compaction of fresh concrete.

3.4.7.4 Concrete consolidation

Once the concrete has been placed in the form, it must be consolidated. On a

small job, consolidation can be done manually with the help of steel rod. It is,

however, more common to employ a high frequency power driven vibrator.

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3.4.7.5 Curing

Curing of concrete is providing moisture the concrete continuously for

hydration. A well-cured concrete is denser and, hence, stronger and more

durable. In our site curing of concrete starts from finishing of the pouring and

ends in 7 days.

3.5 My performance during accomplishing work tasks

Absolutely good the reason behind this performance was I integrated with all

workers within a short time and get involved in different site works to gain

more knowledge about the working environment in the site and improve myself

with more site works and office work. Since the site work is very repetitive I

have been working in different sections to get involved and pass through

different piece of works. In general, the last four weeks, I performed all my

duties nicely and get knowledge of the practical world and relate it with the

theory I have learned in the class in the last 3 years. Also I transformed myself

to another level of skill, ethics, knowledge and leadership using this internship

class and I performed it well.

3.6 Challenges I have faced

Construction projects are complex and time consuming undertakings that

require the interaction and cooperation of many different persons to accomplish.

The construction industry is typically divided into speciality areas, with each

area requiring different skills, resources, and knowledge to participate

effectively in it. In order to integrate and work closely in each section it is a

challenging task to on person especially when he /she is fresh or beginner.

Infract some challenges may be solved by me but some are above my limit and

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even the workers at the site also. In general, I have faced the following

challenges in the internship period:

1) Communication problems with workers in the office and at the site.

2) Shortage of working drawings like structural, architectural, sanitary,

electrical and some other details.

3) Weather condition of the site.

4) Shortage of knowledge in some portion of the work at the site

5) Unsatisfactory answers for questions from engineers

6) Safety facility

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Overall benefits of the internship

Internship is a class healed at site to provide an enhanced understanding of the

outside working environment before the student graduate. The main aim of this

internship is to teach that to students communication with different workers or

employees, to improve practical skill what they learned at class, up grading the

theoretical knowledge in addition to the class, improve their leadership skill,

team playing skill etc.

In my four-week internship I have acquired much knowledge in different tasks

as explained below in different section.

1. Improving practical skill

The aim of the internship is to address more practical knowledge for student.

So, I found a practical knowledge at site as much possible within the four

weeks. The knowledge we have learned in class is helpful to get those practical

work in the site and totally different from the actual knowledge gained from the

class.

Some of the practical knowledge I gained from the internship class was:

Construction of formwork and false work for reinforced concrete

structure.

Bar bending, splicing and tying, according to the specified drawings.

Casting and pouring of reinforced concrete structures and equipment used

for casting.

Different construction equipments and their use in construction site.

2. Upgrading the theatrical knowledge

I got the internship class very interesting in terms of upgrading theoretical

knowledge, some of these are:

Construction equipment

Report writing

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3. Upgrading interpersonal communication skills

Communication is sharing or exchanging information or ideas with others in

order to get some messages and knowledge. The communication systems within

the building design and construction enterprise has taken on a large role in the

achievement of profitability and efficiency. In the site the most things I gain is

due to communication with other workers like engineers, skilled and non-skilled

workers, foreman etc. in some place it is very difficult to talk to workers and

ask them what we want because of that they underestimate us and sometimes

they are not eager to tell.

4. Improving leadership skills

Leadership is the process of influencing individuals or groups to accomplish an

organisational goal or mission. I have seen how each worker is controlled and

organised to perform its day to day activities. Among all other managements I

have seen that the human resource management is the most important one.

In the site it was impossible to us to lead anything because we go to the site to

learn about the site work and we don’t have enough capability to handle such

works in short time but we have learned how to become a good leader.

5. Work ethics and related issues

The concept of work ethics may be summarized as the overall quantity in one’s

behaviour towards appreciating the process of work flow and performing rather

well on the job so that tis work flow will not be jeopardized in the long run.

Works ethics involve such characteristics as honesty, responsibility, reliability,

accountability etc.

Punctuality is one of the major issues that could be raised when talking about

work ethics and on my side I tried meet this criterion by attending to my

working station in time so that there will not be any delay on the activities

planned for that day. The behaviour that one shows towards his peers and

colleagues is also one manifestation of the concept of work ethics. Personally, I

always respected and gave priority to the employees of the company.

We as a student should follow the rules and regulations set by the company and

avoid complaining workload, activity or assignment that may rise on the site.

Generally, I can I have gain the potential benefits by taking the

Engineering Internship Program.

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CONCLUSION

The internship is a bridge between the theorectical knowledge and the practical

or the reality at the work at the field of construction or civil engineering work.

The responsibilities of the hosting company are to teach student and shape them

in the four week as a real site worker. My hosting company is a consultant team

and they help me and my friends who took the internship session in this

company in acquiring different knowledge in different positions. They

collaborate with the contractors to teach us in that section and they believe that

the civil engineering work is more important for us than the consulting office.

This program played an important role to break the conventional thought that

field works can be only implemented by students who hold a degree or people

who have an experience in building construction. We were able to acquire a

high level of confidence to deal with problems that arise in a building

construction.

Since I took my internship session in the RITES Ltd. I get an opportunity to

work in the different party of the construction work which helps me to gain

more knowledge by seeing what they work in their own office and what is their

main responsibilities to the client and also each other. Working with a

consultant team gets me more knowledge than that of the contractor in case that

the consultation work includes the duty of the site engineers and in the

consultant office there are different office that are more important for me to

upgrade my knowledge in different aspects of work. The consultant team by its

nature includes designer team including structural engineers, architects, sanitary

electrical and mechanical engineers, the contract administration and supervision

team includes site coordinators, supervisors and quantity workers and the

financial office. This helps me to get more knowledge than the contractors.

The contractors also avail practical knowledge for us to improve our practical

knowledge status in the field. And also the contractors make us more familiar

with site works starting from communication skill, handling of different site

works equipment utilization manpower control to finishing of the work within

the time scheduled by the client.

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However, this internship program was not free from challenges. The most

challenge was the amount of money allocated to the project was insufficient to

handle all the expense of the students during the internship experience and

shortage of resource for student like computer, class rooms for student only and

any other problem exist. But they come up with the challenges and teach us how

we must gown to be in the field after the graduation.

Overall the internship program laid sound foundation for us to start our

career. We are proud to be able to contribute towards nation building

during the country's extremely critical period of the history. It will be

definitely sensible to scale this practice up and to replicate in other

disciplines as well.

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SAHAB ASSAS AJAZ

Phone number +91-7042-302-732

Email address [email protected] or

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Civil Engineering Summer Training Report at RITES Ltd.

Engineering

Transcript of Civil Engineering Summer Training Report at RITES Ltd.