Systems Analysis and Design

CIS 2303

Part 1

Learning Outcome 2:

Explain the different phases of the traditional/structured system development lifecycle (SDLC) with emphasis on tasks performed and techniques utilized in each phase.

- Business Justification (Building a Business Case) - Ch. 2

- SDLC: Planning Phase - Ch. 2

Chapter Objectives 1. What is a Business Case?

2. What is a Strategic Plan?

3. What is SWOT analysis?

4. Evaluation of Systems Requests

5. Overview of Feasibility:

Define operational, technical, economic, and schedule feasibility

Evaluating Feasibility

6. Preliminary Investigation Overview

7. Planning the preliminary investigation

8. Role of Project Management

9. Review & Chapter Summary2

1. What is a Business Case?

• The term business case refers to the reasons, or justification, for a proposal

• A strong business case means that a proposal will add substantial value to the organization and support the organization’s strategic plan

• Systems development typically starts with a systems request, followed by a preliminary investigation, which includes a feasibility study

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Should be comprehensive, yet easy to understand Should describe the project clearly, provide the

justification to proceed, and estimate the project’s financial impact

Should answer questions like the following:1. Why are we doing this project? What problems it solves?2. How does the solution address key business problems?3. What is the project scope?4. How much will it cost and how long will it take?5. Will we suffer a productivity loss during the transition?6. What is the return on investment and payback period?7. What are the risks of doing the project? What are the risks of

not doing the project?8. How will we measure success? (Tangible Benefits)9. What alternatives do we have?

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1. What is a Business Case? –Cont.

Be divided into Groups of (3-4) members eachChoose One of the Following Projects:

◦ E-Learning System,

◦ Online Plane Ticket Booking system

◦ Online Hotel Reservation system

◦ Food Fast Delivery system

◦ Social Networking system

◦ Internet Banking System

Write a small Business Case by answering questions (1, 2, 3, 4 and 8) in the previous slide

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In-Class Group Activity

2. What is a Strategic Plan?

A strategic plan is like a roadmap for the future.

Without a long-range plan, it’s hard to know if you’re heading in the right direction.

The plan starts with mission statement, which reflects the company’s purpose, vision, and values.

SWOT analysis contributes to the strategic planning process by identifying technical, human, and financial resources.

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From Strategic Plans to Business Results◦ Mission statement◦ Stakeholders◦ Goals◦ Objectives

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2. What is a Strategic Plan? –Cont.

A Strategic Plan starts with a Mission Statement, which reflects the company’s purpose, vision, and values.

Search Online and Write down the Mission Statement (or a summarized version of it) for the following:◦ Higher Colleges of Technology

◦ Twitter

◦ HSBC (or any Bank of your choice)

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Online Individual Activity

3. What is SWOT Analysis?

During strategic planning, top managers ask a series of questions that is called a SWOT analysis because it examines a company’s:

◦ Strengths (S)◦ Weaknesses (W)◦ Opportunities (O)◦ And Threats (T)

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3. What is SWOT Analysis? – Cont.

Some questions: What are our major strengths? and how we can

maximize them in the future? What must we do to strengthen our IT function?

What are our major weaknesses, and how we can overcome them? How should we address weaknesses in IT resources and capabilities?

What are our major opportunities, and how can we take full advantage of them? What IT plans do we have to support business opportunities?

What major threats do we face, and what can we do about them? What can we do to deal with potential threats to IT success?

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In-Class Group ActivitySuppose you own a Travel Agency in a large city. You have many corporate clients, but growth has slowed somewhat. Some long-term employees are getting discouraged, but you feel that there might be a way to make technology work in your favor.

Use your imagination and suggest at least one strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat that your business faces.

Hint: Study Slides 9 and 10 and Read about SWOT analysis in Chapter 2 of your Textbook

Work on this activity in Groups

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In-Class Group Activity

Strength         

Weakness 

Opportunity         

Threat

Systems review committee or a computer resources committee evaluate systems requests

Systems Requests Forms◦A properly designed form

streamlines the request process and ensures consistency

◦Occasionally a situation will arise that requires an immediate response

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4. Evaluation of Systems Requests

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4. Evaluation of Systems Requests

A systems request form:

Systems Review Committees◦Most large companies use a systems

review committee to evaluate systems requests

◦Many smaller companies rely on one person to evaluate systems requests instead of a committee

◦The goal is to evaluate the requests and set priorities

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4. Evaluation of Systems Requests – Cont.