Circulatory System

Project by Alex Keiser, Megan Mountzoures, Libby Cornelssen,

and Brittany Juliano

Structure of the Circulatory SystemThe Heart

• Pumps blood throughout the body (7)• Divided into different parts (3)• Deoxygenated blood: body => right atrium => right ventricle

=> lungs. (5)• Oxygenated blood: lungs => left atrium => left ventricle =>

body (5)

Structure of the Circulatory SystemBlood Vessels

• network of hollow tubes that transport blood throughout the body (7)

Structure of the Circulatory SystemBlood

• transports oxygen and nutrients (6)• removes waste (2)• white blood cells fight infection (3)

Opened v. Closed Circulatory Systems

• Most animals have a closed system (7)• Arthopods, such as insects, have an open system (7)

Blood Vessels• There are three main types of blood vessels: arteries, veins,

and capillaries. (3)•  Endothelial cells make up the tissue (7)•  Endothelial cells line the entire capillary system(7)• The cells reduce turbulence of the flow of blood (7)

(3)

Arteries

• Carry blood away from the heart. (3)• The walls contain smooth muscle fiber that relax and

contract (3)• Only carries oxygenated blood-except for the pulmonary

artery.(3)

Capillaries

• Diameter is 5-20 micrometers.(3)• Supplied with blood by the arterioles and drained by

venules. (3)• The walls are only 1 cell thick to make diffusion easier(3)• Function is to supply tissues with components carried by the

blood, and to remove waste from surrounding tissues.(3)• Exchanges oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, salts, etc. (3)• Red blood cells move through one by one so that it is slow

enough for gas exchange (3)

Veins 

• Carries blood from the capillaries back toward the heart.(3)• Carries deoxygenated blood only, except for the pulmonary

vein.(3)• The outer structure is made up of 3 layers of tissues (3)• Have valves that help return of blood(3)

Gas Exchange

• Gases diffuse into the bloodstream through that lie against air sacs called aveoli(4)

• The concentration gradient is tilted inward for oxygen and outward for carbon dioxide (4)

• The gas molecules bind to RBC's (7)• From there gas molecules bind to hemoglobin (7)• Respiratory pigments (hemoglobin) hold oxygen in

circulating fluids (4)• Carbon Dioxide is produced by cells and then diffused out(7)• Gradients aid in this process(4)• Thin layers of cells are needed in order for gases to

diffuse(7)

GAS EXCHANGE VIDEO

Aveoli and Capillaries

 

Aortic Aneurysms

• weak area develops in artery wall (1)o pressure pushes outwards and a bulge develops

• CAUSES (6)

• SYMPTOMS (6)

References1. “Aortic Aneurysm.” eMedicineHealth. N.p., 2010. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. <http://www.emedicinehealth.com/ aortic_aneurysm/ page2_em.htm>.2. “Arterial System.” The Visual Dictionary. Google, n.d. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. <http://www.infovisual.info/ 03/ 060_en.html>.3. “Blood Vessels-Vascular System.” IvyRose Holistic. N.p., 16 Nov. 2010. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. <http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/ HumanBody/ Blood/ Blood_Vessels.php>.4. "Gas Exchange - Biology Encyclopedia - cells, body, process, animal, system, organs, blood, cycle, used." Biology Reference. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. <http://www.biologyreference.com/Fo-Gr/Gas-Exchange.html>.5. Gregory, Michael J, Ph.D. “Circulatory System.” Biology Web. N.p., 18 Apr. 2006. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. <http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/ faculty/ michael.gregory/ files/ bio%20102/ bio%20102%20lectures/ circulatory%20system/ circulat.htm>.6. “Heart Disease and Aortic Aneurysm.” WebMD. N.p., 2010. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. <http://www.webmd.com/ heart-disease/ heart-disease-aortic-aneurysm>.                     7. Starr, Cecie, and Ralph Taggart. “CIrculatory Systems-An Overview.” Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life. 9th ed. Pacific Grove: Brooks/ Cole, 2001. 668-680. Print.