Circulatory Circulatory System System NotesNotes

Functions of the Functions of the circulatory system…circulatory system…

-Carries -Carries nutrientsnutrients, , oxygenoxygen & other & other needed needed materials to materials to cellscells

Functions of the Functions of the circulatory system…circulatory system…-Carries -Carries carbon carbon dioxidedioxide & & other other wasteswastes away from away from cellscells

Functions of the Functions of the circulatory system…circulatory system…

-Blood helps -Blood helps fight fight diseasedisease & heal & heal woundswounds..

Functions of the Functions of the circulatory system…circulatory system…

-Helps -Helps maintain maintain body body temperaturetemperature & & homeostasishomeostasis..

The circulatory The circulatory system is made system is made

up of the: up of the:

Blood vesselsBlood vesselsBlood & Blood & HeartHeart

muscular muscular organ that organ that

pumps blood pumps blood throughout throughout the body.the body.

Heart…Heart…

right side pumps right side pumps blood to blood to lungslungs & & left side pumps left side pumps blood to blood to bodybody… … separated by a separated by a thick muscular thick muscular wall called the wall called the

septumseptum..

Upper two chambers Upper two chambers are called the are called the atrium atrium (atria)(atria) & receive blood & receive blood into the heart…into the heart…

……the lower two the lower two chambers are chambers are ventriclesventricles that have thick muscles that have thick muscles to pump blood out of the to pump blood out of the heart. heart.

Upper & lower chambers Upper & lower chambers are separated by are separated by valvesvalves that keep blood from that keep blood from flowing backward.flowing backward.

muscle muscle contractions contractions

that push that push blood through blood through

the blood the blood vessels.vessels.

HeartbeatHeartbeat

You hear the valves You hear the valves opening & closing… opening & closing… when the heart muscles when the heart muscles relaxrelax the valves open & the valves open & the atria fill with blood the atria fill with blood LUBLUB… then the … then the ventriclesventricles contract & the valves contract & the valves close close DUBDUB..

Throbbing of Throbbing of arteries as heart arteries as heart beats & pumps beats & pumps blood… blood… used to used to determine heart determine heart rate. rate.

PulsePulse

force with which force with which the ventricles the ventricles contract.contract.

Blood pressureBlood pressure

Arteries Arteries CapillariesCapillaries VeinsVeins

Blood vessels…Blood vessels…

Muscular blood Muscular blood vessels that carry vessels that carry

blood with blood with oxygenoxygen away away

from the heart.from the heart.

ArteriesArteries

Carries blood from Carries blood from heart to lungs… heart to lungs… only artery that only artery that does not carry does not carry oxygenated blood.oxygenated blood.

PulmonaryPulmonary arteryartery

largest human largest human artery that artery that carries blood from carries blood from the heart to the the heart to the body.body.

AortaAorta

smallest blood vessels smallest blood vessels where substances are where substances are

exchanged by the exchanged by the process of process of diffusiondiffusion

CapillariesCapillaries

carry blood with carry blood with carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide to the heart to the heart from the body.from the body.

Veins…Veins…

Carries blood from Carries blood from lungs to heart… lungs to heart… only vein that not only vein that not carries oxygenated carries oxygenated blood.blood.

Pulmonary veinPulmonary vein

Superior Superior vena cavavena cava is is the largest the largest vein in the vein in the

human body.human body.

occurs when the occurs when the pressurepressure in the blood in the blood vessels is too high… vessels is too high…

above above 140/90140/90..

HypertensionHypertension (high blood pressure)(high blood pressure)

The heart has The heart has to work to work harderharder..

Can cause damage Can cause damage to the to the heart, heart,

arteries arteries and otherand other organsorgans..

occur when occur when arteriesarteries get get clogged and clogged and stop the flow stop the flow of of bloodblood to the to the heart muscles.heart muscles.

Heart attacksHeart attacks

occurs when the blood occurs when the blood supply to the supply to the brainbrain is is cut off or when a blood cut off or when a blood vessel vessel burst burst causing causing damage to damage to brain cellsbrain cells..

StrokesStrokes

is a condition where is a condition where artery walls artery walls thickenthicken and restrict the flow and restrict the flow of blood in the of blood in the arteriesarteries..

AtherosclerosisAtherosclerosis

Caused by Caused by high high cholesterolcholesterol that that deposits in the deposits in the

arteries causing arteries causing them to them to narrownarrow or or

hardenharden..

Can lead Can lead to to heart, heart,

disease disease oror strokesstrokes..

occur when the occur when the heart rhythm is heart rhythm is too too fastfast or too or too

slowslow..

Irregular Irregular heartbeatsheartbeats