Circulatory System BLOODBLOOD OVERVIEW OF FUNCTIONS TRANSPORT A.OF RESPIRATORY GASES O 2 & CO 2...
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Transcript of Circulatory System BLOODBLOOD OVERVIEW OF FUNCTIONS TRANSPORT A.OF RESPIRATORY GASES O 2 & CO 2...
![Page 1: Circulatory System BLOODBLOOD OVERVIEW OF FUNCTIONS TRANSPORT A.OF RESPIRATORY GASES O 2 & CO 2 B.NUTRIENTS C.METABOLIC WASTES D.HORMONES E. HEAT.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070410/56649edb5503460f94bea8a8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Circulatory System
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BLOOD
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OVERVIEW OF FUNCTIONS
TRANSPORTA. OF RESPIRATORY GASES O2 & CO2
B. NUTRIENTS
C. METABOLIC WASTES
D. HORMONES
E. HEAT
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REGULATION OF
BODY TEMPERATURE
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PROTECTION
AGAINST INFECTION
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COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
2 MAJOR COMPONENTS
FORMED ELEMENTS: BLOOD CELLS
PLASMA: COMPLEX AQUEOUS SOLUTION
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FORMED ELEMENTS
3 MAJOR TYPES
ERYTHROCYTES: RBC’s (red blood cells)LEUKOCYTES: WBC’s (white blood cells)
THROMBOCYTES: PLATELETS
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ERYTHROCYTES
MAIN FUNCTION:
TRANSPORT OF O2
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TOP VIEW
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RBC
NORMAL BLOOD
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RBC PRODUCTION
• RBC’s LIVE 120 DAYS OR 700 MILES
• ARE PRODUCED IN RED BONE MARROW
• OLD CELLS ARE REMOVED BY SPLEEN OR LIVER
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WHAT HAPPENS IF TOO MANY RED BLOOD CELLS ARE BROKEN DOWN FOR THE SPLEEN AND LIVER TO HANDLE?
JAUNDICE RESULTS
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JAUNDICE
• A DISEASE CONDITION CHARACTERIZED BY YELLOW SKIN & SCLERA OF THE EYES.
• IT IS DUE TO THE ACCUMULATION OF BILIRUBIN (COMES FROM RBC’S) IN THE TISSUES.
• • IT IS THE CALLED HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA.
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yellow sclera of the eye
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ERYTHROCYTE PROBLEMS
ANEMIAA. HEMORRHAGIC
DUE TO BLOOD LOSSB. HEMOLYTIC
ABNORMAL DESTRUCTION OF RBC’sC. APLASTIC
INHIBITION OF RED MARROWD. IRON-DEFICIENCY
INADEQUATE DIETARY IRONE. PROTEIN DEFICIENCY
INADEQUATE DIETARY PROTEINF. PERNICIOUS
VITAMIN B DEFICIENCYG. SICKLE-CELL
HEREDITARY
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POLYCYTHEMIA
TOO MANY RBC’s
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NORMAL BLOOD
RBC
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POLYCYTHEMIA
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HOW DO YOU KNOW IF YOU HAVE THE RIGHT NUMBER OF RED BLOOD
CELLS ?
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DO A HEMATOCRIT
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WHAT IS A HEMATOCRIT?
• THE PROPORTION OF YOUR BLOOD THAT IS MADE UP OF RED BLOOD CELLS.
• IT IS EXPRESSED AS A %.
• A VALUE OF 25% MEANS THAT 25% OF YOUR BLOOD IS RBC’s.
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NORMAL COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
• 54% OF BLOOD IS PLASMA
• 45% OF BLOOD IS RBC’s
• 1% OF BLOOD IS WBC’s & PLATELETS
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HOW IS IT DONE?
• BLOOD IS COLLECTED IN A CENTRIFUGE TUBE (see next slide)
• THEN IT IS SPUN IN A CENTRIFUGE (slide 29).
• THE HEAVIER FORMED ELEMENTS MOVE TO THE OUTSIDE END OF THE TUBE.
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centrifuge
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HEMATOCRIT
PLASMA
FORMED ELEMENTS45%
100%
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NORMAL HEMATOCRIT VALUES
• AVERAGE: 45%
• FEMALES: 36-40%
• MALES: 40-50%
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LEUKOCYTES (WBC’s)
LARGER & MORE COMPLEX THAN RBC’s
ARE FEWER IN NUMBER THAN RBC’s.
MOST IMPORTANT FUNCTION IS IMMUNITY
Types of WBC (leave 5 lines) NEUTROPHILS
(a type of WBC)
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NEUTROPHILS (A WBC)
RBC
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PLATELETS (THROMBOCYTES)
• CELL FRAGMENTS
• LIFESPAN OF 5-9 DAY
• IMPORTANT IN THE PROCESS OF BLOOD CLOTTING
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PLATELETS