Circulation and Circulation and RespirationRespiration

How Does the Heart and Lungs Work How Does the Heart and Lungs Work Together?Together?

ENGAGEENGAGEEngage 1:Engage 1:

• Obtain a pluck from Owen’s Sausage or local butcher. Obtain a pluck from Owen’s Sausage or local butcher. Demonstrate how air goes in and out of their lungs. The lungs Demonstrate how air goes in and out of their lungs. The lungs are very elastic and will expand greatly. Allow the students to are very elastic and will expand greatly. Allow the students to look at the heart, lungs and trachea.look at the heart, lungs and trachea.

EXPLOREEXPLORE

Explore 1Explore 1Construct a Lung ModelConstruct a Lung Model

Have students work Have students work together in groups to together in groups to construct a lung construct a lung modelmodel

Do-It-Yourself Lung ModelDo-It-Yourself Lung Model

http://student.biology.arizona.edu/sciconn/respiratory/step4.htmlhttp://student.biology.arizona.edu/sciconn/respiratory/step4.html

Assemble the “Lungs”Assemble the “Lungs”

Step 1Step 1

Step 2Step 2

Construct the “Chest Construct the “Chest Cavity”Cavity”

Step 3Step 3

Step 4Step 4

Prepare the Prepare the “Diaphragm”“Diaphragm”

Step 5Step 5

Step 6Step 6

Start “Breathing”Start “Breathing”

Measuring Lung CapacityMeasuring Lung Capacity

Explore 2

In this investigation, you will determine the tidal volume and vital capacity of your lungs.

EXPLAINEXPLAIN

Respiratory System Respiratory System StructuresStructures

Pair of LungsPair of Lungs Series of passagewaysSeries of passageways

TracheaTrachea BronchiBronchi BronchiolesBronchioles AlveoliAlveoli

Diaphragm (thin sheet of smooth muscle)Diaphragm (thin sheet of smooth muscle)

Respiratory System Respiratory System FunctionFunction

Involves all mechanisms that get OInvolves all mechanisms that get O22 to to

the cells via the bloodstreamthe cells via the bloodstream Gets rid of the waste gas COGets rid of the waste gas CO2 2

Formation of ATP for energyFormation of ATP for energy

Path Air TakesPath Air Takes

1.1. Air enters nose or mouthAir enters nose or mouth

2.2. Passes PharynxPasses Pharynx

3.3. Moves past epiglottisMoves past epiglottis

4.4. Passes through larynxPasses through larynx

5.5. TracheaTrachea

6.6. Lungs and their passagewaysLungs and their passageways

Respiratory SystemRespiratory System I bring in the oxygen that is carried on the I bring in the oxygen that is carried on the

red blood cells…without me you’d have no red blood cells…without me you’d have no oxygen to carry!oxygen to carry!

I carry the CO2 (waste gas) out of the body. I carry the CO2 (waste gas) out of the body. The circulatory system needs me for gas The circulatory system needs me for gas

exchange.exchange. The muscles need oxygen to move.The muscles need oxygen to move. The brain needsThe brain needs

my oxygen to think.my oxygen to think.

Breathe EasyBreathe Easy

The LungsThe Lungs

A lung weighs about 600 gramsA lung weighs about 600 grams Total LUNG CAPACITY of an adult is Total LUNG CAPACITY of an adult is

between 5 and 6 litersbetween 5 and 6 liters A NORMAL breath is about 0.5 LitersA NORMAL breath is about 0.5 Liters VITAL LUNG CAPACITY is the maximum VITAL LUNG CAPACITY is the maximum

amount of air that can be EXHALED at amount of air that can be EXHALED at ONE timeONE time

The DiaphragmThe Diaphragm

A large sheet of MUSCLE at the A large sheet of MUSCLE at the BOTTOM of the rib cage.BOTTOM of the rib cage.

When you INHALE, this muscle DROPS When you INHALE, this muscle DROPS and the rib cage RAISESand the rib cage RAISES

This motion INCREASES the VOLUME This motion INCREASES the VOLUME of the lung cavity causing a LOW of the lung cavity causing a LOW PRESSURE areaPRESSURE area

EXTERNAL air pressure FORCES air EXTERNAL air pressure FORCES air INTO the lungsINTO the lungs

The PharynxThe Pharynx

A muscular organ at the back of the A muscular organ at the back of the throatthroat

The respiratory and digestive systems The respiratory and digestive systems branch herebranch here

The epiglottis is located in the pharynxThe epiglottis is located in the pharynx

The TracheaThe Trachea

Also called the “WINDPIPE”Also called the “WINDPIPE” A NON-MUSCULAR tube leading from A NON-MUSCULAR tube leading from

the PHARYNX to the LUNGSthe PHARYNX to the LUNGS There are RINGS of CARTILAGE spaced There are RINGS of CARTILAGE spaced

along this rube to keep it openalong this rube to keep it open

Bronchi and BronchiolesBronchi and Bronchioles

BronchiBronchi The two branches of the trachea leading to The two branches of the trachea leading to

the two lungsthe two lungs

BronchiolesBronchioles The smallest branches of the bronchial The smallest branches of the bronchial

tubestubes

The AveoliThe Aveoli

The air sacs at the The air sacs at the end of each end of each brochiolesbrochioles

ELABORATEELABORATE

ExhalingExhaling Andrea knows that her breathing rate increases Andrea knows that her breathing rate increases

when she starts to run or exercise. She thinks it when she starts to run or exercise. She thinks it is because she needs to increase her oxygen is because she needs to increase her oxygen intake. Does increased activity have an affect on intake. Does increased activity have an affect on the amount of carbon dioxide she exhales? the amount of carbon dioxide she exhales? Design an experiment that will answer her Design an experiment that will answer her question. question.

Color your LungsColor your Lungs

EVALUATEEVALUATE

Upon completion of the human lung model the student Upon completion of the human lung model the student will explain the mechanism of breathing through the use will explain the mechanism of breathing through the use of their model, they will name the gases the primary of their model, they will name the gases the primary gases that compose air, and they will name the gases we gases that compose air, and they will name the gases we exhale. A grade of pass or fail will be given.exhale. A grade of pass or fail will be given.

After creating the respiration model the student will list After creating the respiration model the student will list six components of respiration: Nose, trachea, bronchi, six components of respiration: Nose, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and lung.bronchioles, alveoli, and lung.